CN105449512A - Offset frequency stabilizing device and method using gas-solid interface sub-Doppler reflection spectrum - Google Patents
Offset frequency stabilizing device and method using gas-solid interface sub-Doppler reflection spectrum Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
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Abstract
The invention relates to the frequency stabilizing technology for laser devices, and in particular relates to an offset frequency stabilizing device and an offset frequency stabilizing method using gas-solid interface sub-Doppler reflection spectrum. The technical problem that in the existing laser frequency lock technology, the lock bandwidth is narrow and cannot reach the detuning quantity required by locking is solved. The problem that in the existing laser frequency stabilizing technology, the laser stability is limited due to the influence of Doppler frequency shift and the lock bandwidth is limited when saturated absorption spectrum is used for locking frequency is effectively solved, and meanwhile the influence of residual modulation which occur in most laser frequency stabilizing methods as the laser devices need to be modulated is avoided. Detuning of the lock position can be effectively controlled by temperature and magnetic field. The offset frequency stabilizing device and method using gas-solid interface Sub-Doppler reflection spectrum are applicable to the fields of high resolution atomic spectrum research, laser cooling and atom trapping experience, research of interaction of atom and medium interfaces and offset frequency lock laser devices. According to the offset frequency stabilizing device and method using gas-solid interface Sub-Doppler reflection spectrum provided by the invention, the miniaturized experimental facility and weak light intensity can meet the requirement of commercial technology popularization.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the frequency stabilization technology of laser, be specially the sub-Doppler reflection spectrum offset frequency frequency regulator of a kind of employing gas-solid interface and method.
Background technology
Narrow linewidth laser, as one of the important symbol of modern science and technology, is widely used at the numerous areas of accurate measurement, optical frequency standard, laser communication, laser gyro, laser radar.In these applications, laser frequency stability is a very important index parameter.Along with the development of laser application, laser steady frequency technology becomes the important content of laser science research, plays vital effect in modern science and technology.Laser when being subject to the affecting of surrounding environment and oneself factor, as laser chamber length, carrier concentration, temperature, mechanical oscillation and operating current drift etc. can cause the instability of output frequency.At present, practical Frequency Stabilization Technique mainly contains Absorption Line frequency stabilization, Fabry-Perot-type cavity frequency stabilization, external cavity light feedback frequency stabilization etc.Atom and molecular absorption line provide stable frequency standard, are widely used in scientific experiment field, and traditional absolute frequency stabilization method adopts high-resolution saturation-absorption spectrum technology usually.Need to utilize lock-in amplifier to carry out phase-sensitive detection for the frequency distinguishing signal producing color dispersion-type, can introduce additional frequency and intensity noise like this to laser, it is unacceptable for applying the introducing of this noise to some.So people have developed the modulation free frequency stabilization technology based on Atomic absorption line, as Modulation Transfer Frequency Stabilization Technique, polarization spectrum Frequency Stabilization Technique etc., these technological means utilize atom Doppler's Absorption Line or without Doppler's Absorption Line as frequency reference, when the specific little off resonance rrequency-offset-lock of needs, although Doppler's Absorption Line has large Frequency Locking bandwidth, but the voltage-frequency ratio of feedback signal is smaller, and although it is high to lock precision without Doppler's Absorption Line Frequency Locking, but locking bandwidth is narrower, do not reach the mismatching angle that locking needs.Therefore, if partly Doppler broadening can be eliminated, not only locking precision can be improved, locking bandwidth can also be effectively expanded.Based on this, affect by Doppler broadening or the problem of little locking strip tolerance system to solve in existing laser steady frequency technology, inventing a kind of sub-Doppler's frequency locking technology completely newly becomes inevitable.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is narrower for solving existence locking bandwidth in current laser frequency lock technology, does not reach the technical problem of the mismatching angle that locking needs, provides the sub-Doppler reflection spectrum offset frequency frequency regulator of a kind of employing gas-solid interface and method.
A kind of gas-solid interface sub-Doppler reflection spectrum offset frequency frequency regulator that adopts of the present invention realizes by the following technical solutions: a kind of offset frequency frequency regulator adopting the sub-Doppler reflection spectrum of gas-solid interface, comprise laser and drive unit thereof, the emitting light path of laser is provided with in turn half-wave plate and the first polarization splitting prism, the reflected light path of the first polarization splitting prism is provided with the steam pond of internal-filling alkali metal atom vapor; The steam pond plane of incidence corresponding with the reflected light path of the first polarization splitting prism is provided with wedge shape reflecting surface; The horizontal surface portion of wedge shape reflecting surface is positioned at outside and vertical with the reflected light path of the first polarization splitting prism; The chamfered portion of wedge shape reflecting surface is positioned at inner side, and the reflected light path of the chamfered portion of wedge shape reflecting surface is provided with total reflective mirror; The reflected light path of total reflective mirror is provided with in turn quarter-wave plate and the second polarization splitting prism; The reflected light path of the second polarization splitting prism is provided with the first photodetector, and the transmitted light path of the second polarization splitting prism is provided with the second photodetector, and the signal output part of first, second photodetector is connected with subtracter jointly; The signal output part of described subtracter is connected with proportional integral circuit; The signal output part of proportional integral circuit is connected with the drive unit of laser; Described steam pond external rings is wound with field coil, and the magnetic field trend of field coil moves towards parallel with the reflected light path of the first polarization splitting prism.
As shown in Figure 1, during work, the linear polarization laser light half-wave plate that laser exports, then be polarized Amici prism and be divided into two bundles, wherein reverberation directive steam pond, the steam pond plane of incidence is wedge reflecting surface, prevents the reverberation of wedge first surface (i.e. horizontal surface portion) from overlapping with the reverberation of wedge second surface (i.e. chamfered portion), effectively can improve the sensitivity of subsequent probe like this.The chamfered portion of wedge reflecting surface is gas-solid interface, has field coil (coil can have multiple) outside steam pond, makes alkali metal atom steam produce Faraday effect by magnetic field.When departing from atomic resonance, dispersion characteristics have stronger the driver's seat compared to absorption characteristic.This makes to become possibility without the off resonance region laser frequency lock of absorption signal.Faraday effect is a kind of magneto optical effect, is that the one in light wave and magnetic field in medium interacts.When linearly polarized light is propagated in media as well, if add a high-intensity magnetic field on the direction of propagation being parallel to light, then optical vibration direction will deflect, deflection angle ψ is directly proportional to magnetic induction density B, namely ψ is proportional to the product of V and B, proportionality coefficient V is called Verdet constant, relevant with medium character and frequency of light wave.This effect derives from the birefringent phenomenon in the medium of Zeeman frequency displacement.When an externally-applied magnetic field acts on atom vapor, under Zeemen effect,
(left-handed rotation) and
(right-handed rotation) resonant transition frequency moves in the opposite direction, and refraction coefficient also different changes can occur.Because line polarisation may be thought of as the superposition of two circularly polarized lights, within the scope of effective light path, these two kinds of polarisation of light changes will produce an angle, make gas-solid interface reflectance spectrum produce division, the adjustable follow-up locking bandwidth of regulating winding magnetic field size.Gas-solid interface reflectance spectrum reflects through a total reflective mirror and is divided into two bundles by the second polarization splitting prism, a quarter-wave plate is placed between total reflective mirror and the second polarization splitting prism, left-handed rotation in the reflectance spectrum of the separable division of combination of quarter-wave plate and the second polarization splitting prism and right-handed rotation signal, left-handed rotation and right-handed rotation signal are detected by first, second photodetector respectively and are subtracted each other by subtracter, unmodulated frequency discrimination signal can be obtained, frequency discrimination signal sends into laser drive through proportional integral circuit, carries out laser frequency locking.
Further, also comprise the saturation-absorption spectrum device be positioned on the first polarization splitting prism transmitted light path, the exit end of saturation-absorption spectrum device is provided with the 3rd photodetector, and the signal output part of the 3rd photodetector is connected with oscilloscope; Another signal output part of described subtracter is also connected with oscilloscope.
Transmitted light is through saturation-absorption spectrum device by photodetectors register, and this tracer signal is that steam pond is without Doppler's saturation-absorption spectrum.The intensity of rotatable halfwave plate energy accommodation reflex and transmitted light.
Frequency discrimination signal can be divided into two-way, one tunnel inputs to proportional integral circuit, another route oscillograph recording and saturation-absorption spectrum compare, and are the image shown by oscilloscope as shown in Figure 2, as we can see from the figure first significant advantage of the present invention: can off resonance on a large scale.What Fig. 2 showed is exactly the reflectance spectrum Faraday effect that the present invention obtains, and it departs from saturation-absorption spectrum in a big way as can see from Figure 2, and each peak in figure can as a latched position.Can see according to Fig. 2, use the method for the invention laser lock-on can be departed from the position of Atomic absorption line 3 GHz even more large detuning.Can also see that this frequency locking mode does not need to introduce extra modulation signal in addition, eliminate residual amplitude modulation.
Second advantage of the present invention is low-power.Laser power for the frequency stabilization of Faraday effect reflectance spectrum can be as small as hundreds of nanowatt, and this is a very large advantage to the experiment of power requirement harshness.
3rd advantage of the present invention: in the process of above-mentioned reflectance spectrum, the alkali metal atom forming reflected signal is the atomic layer being positioned at wedge glass surface wavelength magnitude scope, because this layer of atom and glass surface have strong Van der Waals to interact, therefore the atom that movement velocity is extremely slow is become, Doppler broadening is less than the Doppler broadening of chainless atom, and be greater than by the zero velocity atom selected in saturation-absorption spectrum without Doppler broadening.Thus form the sub-Doppler broadening line style of line half-width at 50-100MHz.Based on this, compared with existing laser steady frequency technology, gas-solid interface atom reflectance spectrum of the present invention had both efficiently solved in existing laser steady frequency technology without modulation offset frequency frequency regulator needs complicated modulation-demodulation device, also solves in some application the problem needing frequency stabilization system to have certain locking bandwidth.
Further, the outside in steam pond is coated with heating furnace, and position corresponding with the reflected light path of the first polarization splitting prism on heating furnace has entrance aperture.
There is a heating furnace outside steam pond, atomic density in steam pond can be made to reach requirement of experiment (saturated vapor pressure about 10
-3torr), heating furnace leading portion has an entrance aperture, and entrance aperture can ensure with reference to pool gas noncondensing in gas-solid dielectric surface.The size of entrance aperture and position can ensure incident light and reverberation unaffected.
Comprehensive foregoing, the 4th advantage of the present invention is that frequency locking position is adjustable.Specifically can be divided into temperature-independent frequency locking and magnetic field dependence frequency locking.
1, realize temperature by heating furnace and control frequency locking position.As shown in Figure 3, abscissa is steam pond temperature, and ordinate is the mismatching angle of a keyed end with temperature.Along with the rising of temperature, off resonance can be increasing.
2, by regulating the magnetic field intensity of field coil to realize Magnetic control frequency locking position.As shown in Figure 4, abscissa is magnetic field intensity, and ordinate is the mismatching angle of a keyed end with magnetic field intensity.Along with the enhancing in magnetic field, off resonance can be increasing.
Fig. 5 is locking effect schematic diagram of the present invention.As seen from Figure 5, its locking effect of device and method of the present invention is very good.
A kind of offset frequency frequency-stabilizing method of the sub-Doppler reflection spectrum of gas-solid interface that adopts of the present invention adopts following technical scheme to realize: a kind of offset frequency frequency-stabilizing method adopting the sub-Doppler reflection spectrum of gas-solid interface, comprise the steps: that the linearly polarized laser of laser emitting is by half-wave plate, after the first polarization splitting prism reflection, be incident to the steam pond that inside is filled with alkali metal atom steam by this linearly polarized light after half-wave plate, the inclined-plane of the wedge shape reflecting surface in steam pond is as gas-solid interface, the alkali metal atom at gas-solid interface place produces Faraday effect under the effect of field coil, reflectance spectrum is made to produce division at gas-solid interface, reflectance spectrum after division is divided into left-handed rotation and right-handed rotation through quarter-wave plate and the second polarization splitting prism again after total reflective mirror reflection, first, second photodetector gathers left-handed rotation and right-handed rotation respectively and is converted into the corresponding signal of telecommunication, above-mentioned two path signal is subtracted each other acquisition frequency discrimination signal by subtracter, this frequency discrimination signal is divided into two-way, wherein a road inputs to proportional integral circuit and send into drive unit after computing, realize the Frequency Locking of laser, laser after the first polarization splitting prism transmission is by the 3rd photodetector collection and by oscillograph recording after saturation-absorption spectrum device, and this tracer signal is as without Doppler's saturation-absorption spectrum, another route oscillograph recording of frequency discrimination signal also compares with saturation-absorption spectrum.
The present invention efficiently solves in existing laser steady frequency technology affects by Doppler frequency shift the technical problem making laser stability be restricted and adopt in saturation-absorption spectrum frequency locking to lock bandwidth and be restricted, and solves simultaneously and needs to modulate laser in most laser frequency stabiliz ation method and the impact of the residual modulation can caused.Serviceability temperature and magnetic field effectively can control the off resonance of latched position.
The present invention is applicable to research high-resolution atom spectrum, the experiment of Ultrahigh vacuum atom, atom and the field such as medium interface repercussion study, rrequency-offset-lock laser.The present invention can realize miniaturized experimental provision, and adopts faint light intensity just can realize; These two advantages can meet the requirement that commercial technology is promoted.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The structural representation of Fig. 1 device of the present invention.
The reflectance spectrum schematic diagram that saturation-absorption spectrum shown by Fig. 2 oscilloscope and Faraday effect produce.
Fig. 3 temperature controls the schematic diagram of frequency locking position.
The schematic diagram of Fig. 4 Magnetic control frequency locking position.
The locking effect schematic diagram of Fig. 5 the method for the invention.
The partial enlargement structural representation of Fig. 6 steam pond of the present invention and corollary apparatus thereof.
1-laser, 2-half-wave plate, 3-first polarization splitting prism, 4-saturation-absorption spectrum device, 5-the 3rd photodetector, 6-steam pond, 7-field coil, 8-total reflective mirror, 9-quarter-wave plate, 10-second polarization splitting prism, 11-first photodetector, 12-second photodetector, 13-subtracter, 14-proportional integral circuit, 15-oscilloscope, 16-heating furnace;
61-wedge shape reflecting surface, 62-wedge shape reflecting surface incident light, 63-wedge shape reflective surface light.
Embodiment
A kind of offset frequency frequency regulator adopting the sub-Doppler reflection spectrum of gas-solid interface, comprise laser 1 and drive unit thereof, the reflected light path emitting light path of laser 1 being provided with in turn half-wave plate 2 and the first polarization splitting prism 3, first polarization splitting prism 3 is provided with the steam pond 6 of internal-filling alkali metal atom vapor; Steam pond 6 plane of incidence corresponding with the reflected light path of the first polarization splitting prism 3 is provided with wedge shape reflecting surface 61; The horizontal surface portion of wedge shape reflecting surface 61 is positioned at outside and vertical with the reflected light path of the first polarization splitting prism 3; The chamfered portion of wedge shape reflecting surface 61 is positioned at inner side, and the reflected light path of the chamfered portion of wedge shape reflecting surface 61 is provided with total reflective mirror 8; The reflected light path of total reflective mirror 8 is provided with in turn quarter-wave plate 9 and the second polarization splitting prism 10; The transmitted light path that the reflected light path of the second polarization splitting prism 10 is provided with the first photodetector 11, second polarization splitting prism 10 is provided with the second photodetector 12, and the signal output part of first, second photodetector is connected with subtracter 13 jointly; The signal output part of described subtracter 13 is connected with proportional integral circuit 14; The signal output part of proportional integral circuit 14 is connected with the drive unit of laser 1; Described steam pond 6 external rings is wound with field coil 7, and the magnetic field trend of field coil 7 moves towards parallel with the reflected light path of the first polarization splitting prism 3.
Also comprise the saturation-absorption spectrum device 4 be positioned on the first polarization splitting prism 3 transmitted light path, the signal output part that the exit end of saturation-absorption spectrum device 4 is provided with the 3rd photodetector the 5, three photodetector 5 is connected with oscilloscope 15; Another signal output part of described subtracter 13 is also connected with oscilloscope 15.
The outside in steam pond 6 is coated with heating furnace 16, and position corresponding with the reflected light path of the first polarization splitting prism 3 on heating furnace 16 has entrance aperture.
Rubidium atom vapor is filled in described steam pond 6.
A kind of offset frequency frequency-stabilizing method adopting the sub-Doppler reflection spectrum of gas-solid interface, comprise the steps: that the laser of laser 1 outgoing is converted to linearly polarized light by half-wave plate 2, this linearly polarized light is incident to the steam pond 6 that inside is filled with alkali metal atom steam after the first polarization splitting prism 3 reflects, the inclined-plane of the wedge shape reflecting surface 61 in steam pond 6 is as gas-solid interface, the alkali metal atom at gas-solid interface place produces Faraday effect under the effect of field coil 7, reflectance spectrum is made to produce division at gas-solid interface, reflectance spectrum after division is divided into left-handed rotation and right-handed rotation through quarter-wave plate 9 and the second polarization splitting prism 10 again after total reflective mirror 8 reflects, first, second photodetector gathers left-handed rotation and right-handed rotation respectively and is converted into the corresponding signal of telecommunication, above-mentioned two path signal is subtracted each other acquisition frequency discrimination signal by subtracter 13, this frequency discrimination signal is divided into two-way, wherein a road inputs to proportional integral circuit 14 and send into drive unit after computing, realize the Frequency Locking of laser 1, laser after the first polarization splitting prism 3 transmission is gathered by the 3rd photodetector 5 and by oscilloscope 15 record after saturation-absorption spectrum device 4, and this tracer signal is as without Doppler's saturation-absorption spectrum, another route oscilloscope 15 of frequency discrimination signal records and compares with saturation-absorption spectrum.
As shown in Figure 6, wedge shape reflecting surface 61 has two reflectings surface, horizontal plane and chamfered portion; Wherein chamfered portion is as gas-solid interface, and can ensure that the light (wedge shape reflective surface light 63) reflected can not overlap with the reverberation of horizontal plane (wedge shape reflecting surface incident light 62), is conducive to the sensitivity improving frequency locking.
Technical characterstic of the present invention:
1, large detuning controlled (magnetic field, temperature control keyed end);
2, high-resolution, without modulation;
3, small thickness medium is adopted, can to miniaturization;
4, the low light level only needs the reverberation of hundreds of nw just can complete frequency stabilization.
Claims (6)
1. one kind adopts the offset frequency frequency regulator of the sub-Doppler reflection spectrum of gas-solid interface, comprise laser (1) and drive unit thereof, it is characterized in that, the emitting light path of laser (1) is provided with in turn half-wave plate (2) and the first polarization splitting prism (3), the reflected light path of the first polarization splitting prism (3) is provided with the steam pond (6) of internal-filling alkali metal atom vapor; Steam pond (6) plane of incidence corresponding with the reflected light path of the first polarization splitting prism (3) is provided with wedge shape reflecting surface (61); The horizontal surface portion of wedge shape reflecting surface (61) is positioned at outside and vertical with the reflected light path of the first polarization splitting prism (3); The chamfered portion of wedge shape reflecting surface (61) is positioned at inner side, and the reflected light path of the chamfered portion of wedge shape reflecting surface (61) is provided with total reflective mirror (8); The reflected light path of total reflective mirror (8) is provided with in turn quarter-wave plate (9) and the second polarization splitting prism (10); The reflected light path of the second polarization splitting prism (10) is provided with the first photodetector (11), the transmitted light path of the second polarization splitting prism (10) is provided with the second photodetector (12), and the signal output part of first, second photodetector is connected with subtracter (13) jointly; The signal output part of described subtracter (13) is connected with proportional integral circuit (14); The signal output part of proportional integral circuit (14) is connected with the drive unit of laser (1); Described steam pond (6) external rings is wound with field coil (7), and the magnetic field trend of field coil (7) moves towards parallel with the reflected light path of the first polarization splitting prism (3).
2. a kind of offset frequency frequency regulator adopting the sub-Doppler reflection spectrum of gas-solid interface as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, also comprise the saturation-absorption spectrum device (4) be positioned on the first polarization splitting prism (3) transmitted light path, the exit end of saturation-absorption spectrum device (4) is provided with the 3rd photodetector (5), and the signal output part of the 3rd photodetector (5) is connected with oscilloscope (15); Another signal output part of described subtracter (13) is also connected with oscilloscope (15).
3. a kind of offset frequency frequency regulator adopting the sub-Doppler reflection spectrum of gas-solid interface as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, the outside in steam pond (6) is coated with heating furnace (16), and the upper position corresponding with the reflected light path of the first polarization splitting prism (3) of heating furnace (16) has entrance aperture.
4. a kind of offset frequency frequency regulator adopting the sub-Doppler reflection spectrum of gas-solid interface as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, fill rubidium atom vapor in described steam pond (6).
5. a kind of offset frequency frequency regulator adopting the sub-Doppler reflection spectrum of gas-solid interface as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, fill rubidium atom vapor in described steam pond (6).
6. one kind adopts the offset frequency frequency-stabilizing method of the sub-Doppler reflection spectrum of gas-solid interface, adopt device as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, comprise the steps: that the linearly polarized laser of laser (1) outgoing is by half-wave plate (2), after the first polarization splitting prism (3) reflection, be incident to the steam pond (6) that inside is filled with alkali metal atom steam by this linearly polarized light after half-wave plate (2), the inclined-plane of the wedge shape reflecting surface (61) in steam pond (6) is as gas-solid interface, the alkali metal atom at gas-solid interface place produces Faraday effect under the effect of field coil (7), reflectance spectrum is made to produce division at gas-solid interface, reflectance spectrum after division is divided into left-handed rotation and right-handed rotation through quarter-wave plate (9) and the second polarization splitting prism (10) again after total reflective mirror (8) reflection, first, second photodetector gathers left-handed rotation and right-handed rotation respectively and is converted into the corresponding signal of telecommunication, above-mentioned two path signal is subtracted each other acquisition frequency discrimination signal by subtracter (13), this frequency discrimination signal is divided into two-way, wherein a road inputs to proportional integral circuit (14) and send into drive unit after computing, realize the Frequency Locking of laser (1), laser after the first polarization splitting prism (3) transmission is gathered by the 3rd photodetector (5) after saturation-absorption spectrum device (4) and by oscilloscope (15) record, this tracer signal is as without Doppler's saturation-absorption spectrum, another route oscilloscope (15) of frequency discrimination signal records and compares with saturation-absorption spectrum.
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| CN108832477A (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2018-11-16 | 山西大学 | Based on nano optical fibers ultra low power absorption spectrum frequency regulator and spectrum frequency stabilization |
| CN109580032A (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2019-04-05 | 山西大学 | The super steady optics cavity zero crossing temperature measuring device of one kind and measurement method |
| CN111092362A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-05-01 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Laser frequency stabilization method and device based on temperature self-sensing flexible thin film heater |
| CN112629752A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-04-09 | 山西大学 | Atomic ensemble mass center speed measuring device and method |
| CN114172016A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-03-11 | 华中光电技术研究所（中国船舶重工集团公司第七一七研究所） | Single-frequency semiconductor laser device with frequency locking function |
| CN112083358B (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2023-03-14 | 之江实验室 | Laser frequency stabilization system for SERF ultrahigh sensitive magnetic field measuring device |
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