CN105444738B - Utilization activity inclinometer measures the method for stratum horizontal displacement and movable inclinometer - Google Patents
Utilization activity inclinometer measures the method for stratum horizontal displacement and movable inclinometer Download PDFInfo
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- CN105444738B CN105444738B CN201510896343.5A CN201510896343A CN105444738B CN 105444738 B CN105444738 B CN 105444738B CN 201510896343 A CN201510896343 A CN 201510896343A CN 105444738 B CN105444738 B CN 105444738B
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C9/00—Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C15/00—Surveying instruments or accessories not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C13/00
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method utilizing movable inclinometer to measure stratum horizontal displacement, utilization activity inclinometer carries out horizontal total displacement and the measurement of horizontal-shift displacement, and according to measuring the horizontal displacement of numerical computations stratum.The present invention also discloses movable inclinometer, including plate reading, GPS position finder, inclinometer pipe and deviational survey cable, cable bearer and GPS position finder adapter sleeve, plate reading is positioned at inclinometer pipe side, and both are separately provided, deviational survey cable is installed on cable bearer, GPS position finder adapter sleeve is fixed on inclinometer pipe upper end, one end of deviational survey cable is connected through GPS position finder adapter sleeve with the movable probe being arranged in inclinometer pipe, GPS position finder adapter sleeve is provided with at least one GPS position finder, cable bearer is provided with the bluetooth for deviational survey cable reception signal is transferred to plate reading.Utilize the present invention can effectively shorten drilling depth, reduce Financial cost, make measurement data more meet on-the-spot actual, provide more reliable foundation for side slope, foundation pit support construction.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of movable inclinometer, especially a kind of method utilizing movable inclinometer to measure stratum horizontal displacement and movable inclinometer.
Background technology
At present, inclinometer is a kind of for measuring the drift angle of engineering structure, azimuthal instruments such as boring, foundation ditch, foundation, body of wall and dam body slope, inclinometer mainly includes gauge head guide wheel and inclino-probe, gauge head guide wheel is the guide groove sedimentation along inclimation measuring duct or lifting, acceleration transducer in deviational survey top guide can sensitive conduit at the angle of inclination of each depth, export a voltage signal, be converted into horizontal displacement by specific SIN function.
Existing tilt measurement requires in monitoring periods, and the horizontal displacement bottom inclinometer pipe is zero, and this needs the degree of depth in deviational survey hole to be deeper than the disturbance degree of depth of engineering excavation.In Practical Project, drilling depth is more deep, holes more difficult, and expense is more high, is extremely difficult to this requirement.If there is horizontal displacement bottom hole in deviational survey, this deviational survey mode does not consider the horizontal displacement bottom inclinometer, utilizing the horizontal displacement that the data analysis that above-mentioned measuring method obtains goes out is the part of practical level displacement, engineering practice feature cannot be reflected all-sidedly and accurately, corresponding analyzing result with this in the engineering practice of foundation, there is potential engineering risk.It is widely used in geotechnical slope, structure foundation, mine, excavation of foundation pit and construction of underground structure inner horizontal displacement observation and the observation of roadbed Settlement Profiler due to movable inclinometer, if a certain formation water prosposition moves past greatly, cause engineering structure unstable failure, great national economy can be caused to lose.
As can be seen here, prior art awaits further improving.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to as overcoming above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of method utilizing movable inclinometer to measure stratum horizontal displacement and movable inclinometer are provided, it is easy and simple to handle, can effectively shorten drilling depth and eliminate existing inclinometer and cannot measure the defect of stratum horizontal displacement.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical proposals:
A kind of method utilizing movable inclinometer to measure stratum horizontal displacement, comprises the steps
Step 1, first GPS position finder adapter sleeve and GPS position finder with Portable belt measure the inclinometer pipe initial coordinate values D just buried underground1；
Step 2, after the exploration time required according to engineering deviational survey, inclinometer pipe is put into boring to be measured, and plate reading is placed on earth's surface, and GPS position finder is arranged on GPS position finder adapter sleeve, GPS position finder adapter sleeve lower end is fixed on inclinometer pipe, being connected with cable conducting tube GPS position finder adapter sleeve upper end, cable conducting tube is fixed by the iron ring of cable bearer, and cable bearer is put cable roller, open bluetooth, measurement；
Step 3, formulates pendulous frequency n, before starting measurement, records the coordinate figure D on inclinometer pipe top with GPS position finder2, in whole pendulous frequency n, by movable probe along inclinometer pipe from first measuring point to each displacement L of last measuring point, the distance L of movement is controlled by the scale value on deviational survey cable every time；In the process of movement, stratum there are in fact side-play amount, and the mobile drive inclinometer pipe on stratum offsets, and when movable probe moves to each depth, bluetooth transmits in the way of voltage signal to plate reading U+, meet formula U+=K0+ KgSin θ, in formula: K0Partially be worth for accelerometer, K is accelerometer response, g is acceleration of gravity；Movable inclinometer is under vertical state, and the theoretical value of clinometer probe is zero, but has the value output that one close to zero in practical situations both, here it is the offset error of zero point, i.e. K in formula0, in order to eliminate K0Impact, movable probe is turned 180 °, this point carry out second time measure: U-=K0-KgSin θ two formula is subtracted each other and will be partially worth K0Eliminate, obtain difference U+-U-=2KgSin θ, can be calculated θ value by above-mentioned principle formula, then movable probe from previous measuring point move to next measuring point time, movable probe horizontal-shift displacement Zi=LSin θi, i=1,2 ... n, wherein n is the quantity of measuring point, by coordinate figure D1And D2Utilize formula X1=D1-D2Calculate the horizontal total displacement X obtaining inclinometer pipe1, in whole pendulous frequency n, the horizontal-shift total displacement of inclinometer pipeThen can calculate stratum horizontal displacement X by following formulai, Xi=X1-Z, movable probe institute depth measurement degree is Hi=Lcos θi, i=0,1,2 ... n, n are the quantity of measuring point, the surveyed total depth of movable probe
A kind of movable inclinometer, including plate reading, GPS position finder, inclinometer pipe and deviational survey cable, cable bearer and GPS position finder adapter sleeve, plate reading is positioned at inclinometer pipe side, and both are separately provided, deviational survey cable is installed on cable bearer, GPS position finder adapter sleeve is fixed on inclinometer pipe upper end, one end of deviational survey cable is connected through GPS position finder adapter sleeve with the movable probe being arranged in inclinometer pipe, GPS position finder adapter sleeve is provided with at least one GPS position finder, cable bearer is provided with the bluetooth for deviational survey voltage cable signal is transferred to plate reading；
Described cable bearer is provided with the cable roller for supporting deviational survey cable and the iron ring of fixing cable conducting tube.
Described cable conducting tube lower end is fixing with GPS position finder adapter sleeve upper end to be connected.
Leaving reading hole on described cable conducting tube, that reads deviational survey cable transfers length.
Described deviational survey cable is provided with for predicting the movable probe scale value along inclinometer pipe displacement, reads the scale value on cable by cable conducting tube leaves reading hole.
Described movable probe is provided with four directive wheels, two of which directive wheel is arranged on the top of movable probe, two other directive wheel is arranged on the bottom of movable probe, the inwall of inclinometer pipe offers the gathering sill suitable with directive wheel, gathering sill ensures that directive wheel within it moves, movable probe is made to move up and down swimmingly in inclinometer pipe, it is to avoid to swing, be effectively improved the accuracy of measurement data.
Being provided with accelerograph chamber in described movable probe, be provided with acceierometer sensor in accelerograph chamber, movable probe can move up and down along inclinometer pipe under the drive of deviational survey cable.
The top of described movable probe is provided with the cable connector for being connected with deviational survey cable, is connected with acceleration transducer inside cable connector, and the voltage signal recorded by velocity sensor is through deviational survey cable and Bluetooth transmission to plate reading.
The bottom of described movable probe is provided with cushion pad, and cushion pad can be avoided operationally, movable probe is impacted and affects data accuracy, is effectively improved work efficiency and the data precision.
The bottom of described inclinometer pipe is provided with sealing shroud, it is to avoid the foreign body in boring enters in inclinometer pipe, measurement is impacted, and inclinometer pipe is damaged, affect service life, it is ensured that the movable probe proper motion in inclinometer pipe.
Described inclinometer pipe is made up of PVC plastic, and PVC plastic is corrosion-resistant, and cost is low, it is easy to shape, light weight, portable.
The invention have the benefit that the movable inclinometer simple in construction in the present invention, easy to operate, the present invention is utilized can effectively to shorten drilling depth, reduce Financial cost, a certain degree of depth stratum mobile variable quantity in time can be fully taken into account, carry out horizontal total displacement and the measurement of horizontal-shift displacement, utilize the horizontal displacement that the data analysis that GPS position finder obtains goes out, and according to measuring the horizontal displacement of numerical computations stratum, engineering practice feature can be reflected all-sidedly and accurately, corresponding analyzing result with this in the engineering practice of foundation, completely the impact of stratum horizontal displacement can be eliminated.Utilize the method that stratum horizontal displacement measured by the movable inclinometer in the present invention to solve the drawback that conventional inclinometer can only work under the fixing assumed condition in gaging hole position, make measurement data more accurate, provide more reliable foundation for side slope, foundation pit support construction.And utilize the present invention can record accurate data without beating too deep hole, significantly reduce measurement cost.Meanwhile, utilize the movable inclinometer in the present invention can be effectively saved manually, it is prevented that cable knotting in deviational survey cable lifting process, improve work efficiency, it is to avoid contact with earth's surface sharp objects, cause the breakage of deviational survey cable, affect the transmission of normal signal.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of movable inclinometer in the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the top view of inclinometer pipe.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of movable probe in the present invention.
Fig. 4 inclinometer pipe cable bracket structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram utilizing the present invention to measure stratum horizontal displacement.
Wherein, 1, plate reading, 2, GPS position finder, 3, deviational survey cable, 4, cable conducting tube, 5, movable probe, 6, GPS position finder adapter sleeve, 7, inclinometer pipe, 8, cable bearer, 9, reading hole, 10, cable roller, 11, guide wheel handle, 12, ground surface, 13, bluetooth, 14, iron ring, 15, support diaphysis, 16, gathering sill, 17, directive wheel, 18, sealing shroud, 19, cable connector, 20, accelerograph chamber, 21, cushion pad.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further described.
As shown in Figures 1 to 4, movable inclinometer, including plate reading 1, GPS position finder 2, inclinometer pipe 7 and deviational survey cable 3, cable bearer 8 and GPS position finder adapter sleeve 6, plate reading 1 is positioned at inclinometer pipe 7 side, and both are separately provided, deviational survey cable 3 is installed on cable bearer 8, GPS position finder adapter sleeve 6 is fixed on inclinometer pipe 7 upper end, one end of deviational survey cable 3 is connected through GPS position finder adapter sleeve 6 with the movable probe 5 being arranged in inclinometer pipe 7, GPS position finder adapter sleeve 6 is provided with a GPS position finder 2；Cable bearer 8 is provided with and is transferred to the bluetooth 13 of plate reading 1 for deviational survey cable 3 being received voltage signal.
Movable probe 5 is provided with four directive wheels 17, two of which directive wheel 17 is arranged on the top of movable probe 5, two other directive wheel 17 is arranged on the bottom of movable probe 5, the inwall of inclinometer pipe 7 offers the gathering sill 16 suitable with directive wheel 17, movable probe 5 can move up and down along inclinometer pipe 7 under the drive of deviational survey cable 3, accelerograph chamber 20 it is provided with in movable probe 5, it is provided with acceierometer sensor in accelerograph chamber 20, the voltage signal that acceierometer sensor can be recorded by deviational survey cable 3 is by bluetooth 13 real-time Transmission to plate reading 1.
Cable bearer 8 includes support diaphysis 15, and support diaphysis is provided with the cable roller 10 for supporting deviational survey cable 3 and the iron ring 14 of fixing cable conducting tube 4.Deviational survey cable one end passes sequentially through iron ring 14, cable conducting tube 4, GPS position finder adapter sleeve 6 are connected with movable probe 5.Cable conducting tube 4 lower end is fixing with GPS position finder adapter sleeve 6 upper end to be connected.Leaving reading hole 9 on cable conducting tube 4, that reads deviational survey cable 3 transfers length.Deviational survey cable 3 is provided with for predicting the movable probe 5 scale value along inclinometer pipe 7 displacement.
The top of movable probe 5 is provided with the cable connector 19 for connecting with deviational survey cable 3.The bottom of movable probe 5 is additionally provided with cushion pad 21, when cushion pad 21 can avoid work, movable probe 5 is impacted and affects data.
The bottom of inclinometer pipe 7 is provided with sealing shroud 18, it is to avoid the foreign body in boring enters in inclinometer pipe, measurement is impacted, and inclinometer pipe is damaged, affect service life, it is ensured that the movable probe proper motion in inclinometer pipe.Inclinometer pipe 7 is made up of PVC plastic, and PVC plastic is corrosion-resistant, and cost is low, it is easy to shape, light weight, portable.
As it is shown in figure 5, a kind of method utilizing described movable inclinometer to measure stratum horizontal displacement, comprise the steps:
Step 1, first GPS position finder adapter sleeve and GPS position finder with Portable belt measure the inclinometer pipe initial coordinate values D just buried underground1；
Step 2, after the exploration time required according to engineering deviational survey, inclinometer pipe is put into boring to be measured, and plate reading is placed on earth's surface, and GPS position finder is arranged on GPS position finder adapter sleeve, GPS position finder adapter sleeve lower end is fixed on inclinometer pipe, being connected with cable conducting tube GPS position finder adapter sleeve upper end, cable conducting tube is fixed by the iron ring of cable bearer, and cable bearer is put cable roller, open bluetooth, measurement；
Step 3, formulates pendulous frequency n, before starting measurement, records the coordinate figure D on inclinometer pipe top with GPS position finder2, in whole pendulous frequency n, by movable probe along inclinometer pipe from first measuring point to each displacement L of last measuring point, the distance L of movement is controlled by the scale value on deviational survey cable every time；In the process of movement, stratum there are in fact side-play amount, and the mobile drive inclinometer pipe on stratum offsets, and when movable probe moves to each depth, bluetooth transmits in the way of voltage signal to plate reading U+, meet formula U+=K0+ KgSin θ is (in formula: K0Partially be worth for accelerometer, K is accelerometer response, g is acceleration of gravity)；Movable inclinometer is under vertical state, and the theoretical value of clinometer probe is zero, but has the value output that one close to zero in practical situations both, here it is the offset error of zero point, i.e. K in formula0, in order to eliminate K0Impact, movable probe is turned 180 °, this point carry out second time measure: U-=K0-KgSin θ two formula is subtracted each other and will be partially worth K0Eliminate, obtain difference U+-U-=2KgSin θ, can be calculated θ value by above-mentioned principle formula, then movable probe from previous measuring point move to next measuring point time, movable probe horizontal-shift displacement Zi=LSin θi, i=1,2 ... n, wherein n is the quantity of measuring point, by coordinate figure D1And D2Utilize formula X1=D1-D2Calculate the horizontal total displacement X obtaining inclinometer pipe1, in whole pendulous frequency n, the horizontal-shift total displacement of inclinometer pipeThen can calculate stratum horizontal displacement X by following formulai, Xi=X1-Z, movable probe institute depth measurement degree is Hi=Lcos θi, i=0,1,2 ... n, n are the quantity of measuring point, the surveyed total depth of movable probe
By example calculated below, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail:
1) inclinometer pipe coordinate figure D before and after skew is recorded by GPS position finder1、D2Calculate the aggregate level displacement X of inclinometer pipe1=D1-D2=1.242；
2) the distance L=0.5m that movable probe moves along inclinometer pipe every time, pendulous frequency n=4, plate reading data utilize formula U after being transferred to computer+-U-=2KgSin θ computing obtains θ1=22 °, θ2=26 °, θ3=23 °, θ4=25 °；
3) by movable probe horizontal-shift displacement Zi=LSin θi, (i=0,1,2 ... n), Z1=0.5sin22=0.187, Z2=0.5sin26=0.219, Z3=0.5sin23=0.195, Z4=0.5sin25=0.211；
4) the stratum horizontal displacement X of each degree of depthi, movable probe institute depth measurement degree is Hi=Lcos θi, (i=0,1,2 ... n):
H1=0.00mX1=D1-D2=1.242
H2=-0.464mX2=X1-Z1=1.242-0.187=1.055
H3=-0.913mX3=X1-(Z1+Z2)=1.242-0.406=0.836
H4=-1.373mX4=X1-(Z1+Z2+Z3)=1.242-0.601=0.641
H5=-1.808mX5=X1-(Z1+Z2+Z3+Z4)=1.242-0.812=0.430
The part do not addressed in the present invention adopts or uses for reference prior art and can realize.
The specific embodiment of the present invention is described in conjunction with accompanying drawing although above-mentioned; but not limiting the scope of the invention; one of ordinary skill in the art should be understood that; on the basis of technical scheme, those skilled in the art need not pay various amendments or deformation that creative work can make still within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. one kind utilizes the method that stratum horizontal displacement measured by movable inclinometer, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
Step 1, first GPS position finder adapter sleeve and GPS position finder with Portable belt measure the inclinometer pipe initial coordinate values D just buried underground1；
Step 2, after the exploration time required according to engineering deviational survey, inclinometer pipe is put into boring to be measured, and plate reading is placed on earth's surface, and GPS position finder is arranged on GPS position finder adapter sleeve, GPS position finder adapter sleeve lower end is fixed on inclinometer pipe, being connected with cable conducting tube GPS position finder adapter sleeve upper end, cable conducting tube is fixed by the iron ring of cable bearer, and cable bearer is put cable roller, open bluetooth, measurement；
Step 3, formulates pendulous frequency n, before starting measurement, records the coordinate figure D on inclinometer pipe top with GPS position finder2, in whole pendulous frequency n, by movable probe along inclinometer pipe from first measuring point to each displacement L of last measuring point, the distance L of movement is controlled by the scale value on deviational survey cable every time；In the process of movement, stratum there are in fact side-play amount, and the mobile drive inclinometer pipe on stratum offsets, and when movable probe moves to each depth, bluetooth transmits in the way of voltage signal to plate reading U+, meet formula U+=K0+ KgSin θ, in formula: K0Partially be worth for accelerometer, K is accelerometer response, g is acceleration of gravity；Movable inclinometer is under vertical state, and the theoretical value of clinometer probe is zero, but has the value output that one close to zero in practical situations both, here it is the offset error of zero point, i.e. K in formula0, in order to eliminate K0Impact, movable probe is turned 180 °, this point carry out second time measure: U-=K0-KgSin θ two formula is subtracted each other and will be partially worth K0Eliminate, obtain difference U+-U-=2KgSin θ, can be calculated θ value by above-mentioned principle formula, then movable probe from previous measuring point move to next measuring point time, movable probe horizontal-shift displacement Zi=LSin θi, i=1,2 ... n, wherein n is the quantity of measuring point, by coordinate figure D1And D2Utilize formula X1=D1-D2Calculate the horizontal total displacement X obtaining inclinometer pipe1, in whole pendulous frequency n, the horizontal-shift total displacement of inclinometer pipeThen can calculate stratum horizontal displacement X by following formulai, Xi=X1-Z, movable probe institute depth measurement degree is Hi=Lcos θi, i=0,1,2 ... n, n are the quantity of measuring point, the surveyed total depth of movable probe
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| CN105937898A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2016-09-14 | 武汉长澳大地工程有限公司 | Fully-intelligent inclination measuring device and inclination measuring method |
| CN105973200A (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2016-09-28 | 南京南瑞集团公司 | Automatic portable clinometer |
| CN107269270B (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2018-08-03 | 中国地质调查局油气资源调查中心 | A kind of permafrost region natural gas hydrate stratum stable state monitoring method |
| CN108981632A (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2018-12-11 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | A kind of steep dip side slope surface horizontal displacement test method |
| CN110006382A (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2019-07-12 | 华思（广州）测控科技有限公司 | A kind of deep displacement automated watch-keeping facility integrated with surface displacement and method |
| CN110044332A (en) * | 2019-05-05 | 2019-07-23 | 杨梅 | A kind of tilt measurement |
| CN112281932A (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2021-01-29 | 中煤江南建设发展集团有限公司 | Data monitoring equipment and method for foundation pit support piles |
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| CN202757607U (en) * | 2012-06-20 | 2013-02-27 | 上海辉格科技发展有限公司 | Digital intelligent inclinometer |
| CN202793376U (en) * | 2012-07-16 | 2013-03-13 | 兰海青 | Vision-based object tilt displacement settlement deformation monitoring system |
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