CN105443576A - Large bearing axial mixing magnetic bearing - Google Patents
Large bearing axial mixing magnetic bearing Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105443576A CN105443576A CN201510952486.3A CN201510952486A CN105443576A CN 105443576 A CN105443576 A CN 105443576A CN 201510952486 A CN201510952486 A CN 201510952486A CN 105443576 A CN105443576 A CN 105443576A
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- Prior art keywords
- magnetic
- permanent
- magnetic bearing
- bearing
- stator
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
- F16C32/04—Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means
- F16C32/0406—Magnetic bearings
Abstract
The invention discloses a large bearing axial mixing magnetic bearing. The large bearing axial mixing magnetic bearing comprises a rotor (8); a magnetic bearing stator (6) is arranged on the rotor (8); a stator cavity (1) is formed in the magnetic bearing stator (6); a resin (3) is arranged in the stator cavity (1); an electromagnetic winding coil (2) surrounds the inner side of the resin (3); a magnetic conducting ring (5) and a permanent magnetic ring (4) with a trapezoidal section are arranged on the outer side of the resin (3); the permanent magnetic ring (4) is positioned above the magnetic conducting ring (5); and an axial air gap (7) is formed between the magnetic bearing stator (6) and the rotor (8). The large bearing axial mixing magnetic bearing is simple in structure and convenient for machining and assembly, and has the characteristics of low power consumption and high bearing capacity.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of bearing, particularly one carries axial mixed magnetic bearing greatly.
Background technique
The flywheel rotor that flywheel energy storage system relies at a high speed or ultra high speed is run carries out kinetic energy storage.Ensure that rotor is normally working at a high speed or under ultra high speed state, whole flywheel rotor obtains steady running by the supporting of supporting part of good performance.The bearing characteristics of system seems particularly important.In flywheel energy storage system, conventional mechanical bearings comprises common ball bearing, hydrodynamic pressure bearing etc., because its rotational loss is excessive with heating, be difficult to meet high-speed overload and the low requirement of frictional loss, early stage flywheel energy storage system slower development, main reason is just this.
Along with the development of flywheel energy storage system, be the stored energy capacitance that improves flywheel to a greater extent and the loss reduced in operation process, support system proposed that working speed is high, loss is little, requirement that high reliability and long lifetime etc. are strict.Therefore, the modern supporting element being used for fly wheel system is developed rapidly, and has occurred ceramic ball bearing, magnetic suspension bearing, pneumatic bearing, super-conductive magnetic suspension bearing etc.Development in recent years is pneumatic bearing faster, although be applicable to high speed and ultra high speed situation, its support stiffness is low, is also not suitable for for the fly wheel system requiring bearing capacity high.Super-conductive magnetic suspension bearing is combined by permanent magnet and superconductor, has the features such as passive, mechanical wearing and tearing, high rotating speed, long lifetime, attracted the concern of various countries scientific and technical personnel.Before more than 20 year, U.S., day, De Deng state start research to this, and achieve great achievement gradually.But need the devices such as low temperature liquid nitrogen to maintain superconducting characteristic due to super-conductive magnetic suspension, more complicated and costliness, therefore application is limited.
In existing magnetic bearing (magnetic suspension bearing), mainly utilize the permanent-magnetic clamp of rectangular cross-section to design, but the permanent-magnetic clamp of rectangular cross-section can cause certain obstruction to magnetic force, causes the shortcomings such as power consumption is high, bearing capacity is little.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to, provide one to carry axial mixed magnetic bearing greatly.The present invention not only structure is simple, is convenient to processing and assembling, and has low in energy consumption, that bearing capacity is large feature.
Technological scheme of the present invention: one carries axial mixed magnetic bearing greatly, comprise rotor, rotor is provided with magnetic bearing stator, stator cavity is provided with in magnetic bearing stator, resin is provided with in stator cavity, surround electromagnetism winding coil inside resin, resin outer is provided with the permanent-magnetic clamp of magnetic guiding loop and trapezoid cross section, and permanent-magnetic clamp is positioned at above magnetic guiding loop; Axial air-gap is formed between described magnetic bearing stator and rotor.
In aforesaid large carrying axial mixed magnetic bearing, the internal diameter of described rotor is less than the internal diameter of magnetic bearing stator.
In aforesaid large carrying axial mixed magnetic bearing, the interior outer radius of described magnetic guiding loop is equal with the interior outer radius of stator cavity outer shroud.
A permanent-magnetic clamp for large carrying axial mixed magnetic bearing, the cross section of described permanent-magnetic clamp is trapezoidal.
In the permanent-magnetic clamp of aforesaid large carrying axial mixed magnetic bearing, described trapezoidal be right-angled trapezium.
In the permanent-magnetic clamp of aforesaid large carrying axial mixed magnetic bearing, the scope of the angle a of described trapezoidal waist and Vertical direction is 15 °-20 °.
In the permanent-magnetic clamp of aforesaid large carrying axial mixed magnetic bearing, the angle a of described trapezoidal waist and Vertical direction is 20 °.
Compared with prior art, the present invention adopts " trapezoidal " cross section permanent-magnetic clamp, and electromagnetic circuit f hardlyes pass through permanent magnet itself and forms loop, and bearing capacity is large; Compared with conventional cross-section permanent magnet hybrid magnetic bearing structure, realizing under equal control load, control coil electric current is little, reduce coil loss and heating, drastically increase the efficiency of bearing arrangement, and the present invention adopt permanent magnet bias and Electromagnetic Control with the use of, permanent magnetism and electromagnetism share magnetic circuit, structure is simple, is convenient to processing and assembling.With square-section and trapezoid cross section magnetic bearing Structure Comparison, axial air-gap is 2mm, and produce the electromagnetic force of 1200N, kindred circumstances lower trapezoid cross section structure field current can reduce by 30% ~ 40%, and coil energy consumption can reduce about 63.24%, low in energy consumption.
Invention has been a large amount of experimental researcies, is below experiment of the present invention: experimental example 1:
In order to obtain better magnetic bearing structure, we can study tilt angle, the inclined-plane value of permanent magnet trapezoid cross section further, find out rule, seek optimum value.Now suppose under the effect of 10A electric current, the inclination angle of getting 5 °, 10 °, 15 °, 20 °, 25 ° is respectively analyzed, and the close and close variation tendency of relative magnetic of magnetic is in table 1, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4.
Magnetic under table 1 different operating condition corresponding to each inclination angle is close
From table 1, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, along with inclination angle increases, magnetic is close to be reduced thereupon.As can be seen from Figure 4, relative magnetic is close is relatively increase from 5 ° to 15 °, is fair state, relatively reduces from 20 ° to 25 ° from 15 ° to 20 °.Consider just to establish the close and permanent magnet processing technology of the close and final magnetic of magnetic, 20 °, permanent magnet angle of inclination is the optimum state.
Experimental example 2: cross section is rectangle and trapezoidal permanent-magnetic clamp contrast experiment
In hybrid magnetic bearing, the reasonable in design of permanent magnet whether, is directly connected to the efficiency of whole magnetic bearing.Being respectively rectangle and trapezoidal two kinds of magnet structures in this design section, by comparing their specificity analysis, selecting more reasonably structure.To permanent-magnetic biased axial magnetic bearing performance evaluation:
(1) permanent magnet independent role
When permanent magnet works independently, use the magnetic bearing of ANSOFT electromagnetic analysis software to two kinds of different cross sections to analyze, obtain magnetic flux density waveforms figure respectively as shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6.
Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 is known in contrast, and the air gap flux density that rectangular cross-section permanent magnet produces is identical with the air gap magnetic density waveform basic trend that trapezoid cross section permanent magnet produces, and the former specific magnetic loading is 0.8932T, and the latter's specific magnetic loading is 0.6317T.This is because the latter's surface area is smaller compared with the former, caused by the leakage field of surperficial two ends.When permanent magnet independent role listed by table 2, the comparison of the permanent magnetic that both produce under the same conditions, can find out that the permanent magnetic that the former produces is larger than the latter.
The permanent magnetic that table 2 two kinds of cross sections produce under the same conditions
(2) electromagnetism independent role
When electromagnetism independent role, the electric current of logical 10A, uses the magnetic bearing of ANSOFT electromagnetic analysis software to two kinds of different cross sections to analyze, and obtains magnetic flux density waveforms figure respectively as shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8.
Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 is known in contrast, and both air gap magnetic density waveform are substantially identical, and the former average air cleft gap magnetic is close is 0.0954T, and the latter is 0.165T.When table 3 is electric excitation independent role, stator dovetail groove and stator square groove structure produce the contrast of electromagnetic force.As can be seen from Table 3, stator dovetail groove axial force is 2.77 times of square groove structure.
The electromagnetic force that under table 3 the same terms, different cross section produces
(3) permanent magnet and current electromagnetic act on simultaneously
When permanent magnet and electromagnetism act on simultaneously, the magnetic bearing of ANSOFT electromagnetic analysis software to employing two kinds of different cross sections is used to analyze.When the electric current of logical 10A, both air gap magnetic density waveform figure as shown in Figure 9 and Figure 10.
Contrast Fig. 9 with Figure 10 can find out that employing rectangular cross section structure is substantially identical with the air gap magnetic density waveform figure trend that trapezoid cross section structure produces, and the former specific magnetic loading is 0.8938T, and the latter's specific magnetic loading is 0.6325T.
Known by above-mentioned analysis, because trapezoid cross section structure permanent magnet is little relative to the magnetic resistance of rectangular cross section structure, when producing same electrical magnetic force, trapezoidal required electric current is less, namely energy consumption is less, and the heat of generation is also corresponding little, selects trapezoid cross section magnetic bearing structure herein.
(4) hybrid magnetic bearing key job point analysis
By ANSOFT electromagnetic analysis software to magnetic bearing in operation point, equilibrium position, operation point, maximum air gap position, the magnetic field of operation point, minimal air gap position and air gap flux density analyze, and selects rational electromagnetic parameter and best magnetic structure to provide certain foundation when can be design magnetic bearing.
A, equilibrium position
When permanent magnet independent excitation, permanent magnetic and rotor weight balance, magnetic bearing is in operation point, equilibrium position, and now work gas gap is 2.5mm.The close distribution map of magnetic of magnetic bearing as shown in figure 11.
Can find out according to Figure 11, only have permanent magnet edge to occur that magnetic is close saturated in zonule very much, remaining part magnetic is close lower, illustrates that magnetic bearing is undersaturated at the whole magnetic circuit in this position.Now the axial force that is subject to of rotor is as shown in table 4.
The permanent magnetic that table 4 equilibrium position rotor is subject to
When rotor is disturbed at equilibrium position place and impacts, can at axial float, air gap changes, and causes permanent magnetic to change.Because rotor moment of inertia is comparatively large, air gap wave range is less.When air gap changes within the scope of equilibrium position place-0.25mm ~ 0.25mm, the permanent magnetic that rotor is subject to and the average magnetic of air gap is close is all approximated to linear relationship with air gap variable quantity.
B, maximum air gap position
When rotor be subject to downward disturbance percussion move down thereupon time, magnetic bearing is in operation point, maximum air gap position (air gap is 2.75mm), and now permanent magnetic diminishes.By adjusting color controls, forward current is applied in electric field coil, and under the effect of composite excitation, rotor comes back to equilibrium position.Permanent magnet acts solely on the close distribution of magnetic of magnetic suspension bearing as shown in figure 12:
According to the close distribution map of Figure 12 magnetic, compared with operation point, equilibrium position, because air gap increases, the magnetic of stator rotor each several part is close to diminish slightly, and permanent magnet edge only has fraction zone of saturation, illustrates that now whole magnetic circuit is unsaturated.The axial force that rotor is subject to comparatively slightly reduces operation point, equilibrium position, as shown in table 5.
Table 5 maximum air gap place permanent magnetic
C. minimal air gap position
When rotor be subject to disturbance percussion upwards with on move time, magnetic bearing is in operation point, minimal air gap position (air gap is 2.25mm), and this permanent magnetic becomes large.By adjusting color controls, apply back current to electromagnetic coil, under the effect of composite excitation, rotor comes back to equilibrium position.The magnetic of magnetic bearing close distribution map when Figure 13 is permanent magnet independent role.
As seen in Figure 13, compared with operation point, equilibrium position, the magnetic of stator rotor each several part is close becomes large slightly, also fraction zone of saturation has been there is near permanent magnet, illustrate that now whole magnetic circuit is also undersaturated, the axial force that rotor is subject to comparatively increases operation point, equilibrium position to some extent, as shown in table 6.
Table 6 minimal air gap position permanent magnet effect permanent magnetic
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of stator cavity of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the close tendency chart of magnetic that angle of inclination changes at 19.8-20.3; Wherein, abscissa is angle of inclination, and y coordinate is that average magnetic is close, and lines are above permanent magnetism and electromagnetism acting in conjunction, and lines are below permanent magnet independent role;
Fig. 4 is the close variation tendency with angle change of relative magnetic;
Fig. 5 is when permanent magnetism independent role, rectangular cross-section magnetic bearing air gap magnetic density waveform figure;
Fig. 6 is when permanent magnetism independent role, trapezoid cross section magnetic bearing air gap magnetic density waveform figure;
Fig. 7 is when electromagnetism independent role, rectangular cross-section magnetic bearing air gap magnetic density waveform figure;
Fig. 8 is when electromagnetism independent role, trapezoid cross section magnetic bearing air gap magnetic density waveform figure;
Fig. 9 is when permanent magnetism, electromagnetism acting in conjunction, rectangular cross-section magnetic bearing air gap magnetic density waveform figure;
Figure 10 is when permanent magnetism, electromagnetism acting in conjunction, trapezoid cross section magnetic bearing air gap magnetic density waveform figure;
Figure 11 is the close distribution map of equilibrium position place magnetic field magnetic;
Figure 12 is the close distribution map of maximum air gap place magnetic;
Figure 13 is minimal air gap place permanent magnetism independent role air gap flux density;
Figure 14 is the structural representation of permanent-magnetic clamp; The close distribution map of magnetic in accompanying drawing should be cromogram, fuzzyyer after changing Grayscale image into, if auditor needs, can provide cromogram separately.
Being labeled as in accompanying drawing: 1-stator cavity, 2-electromagnetism winding coil, 3-resin, 4-permanent-magnetic clamp, 5-magnetic guiding loop, 6-magnetic bearing stator, 7-axial air-gap, 8-rotor.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1.One carries axial mixed magnetic bearing greatly, as shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 with shown in Figure 14, comprise rotor 8, rotor 8 is provided with magnetic bearing stator 6, be provided with stator cavity 1 in magnetic bearing stator 6, in stator cavity 1, be provided with resin 3, inside resin 3, surround electromagnetism winding coil 2, be provided with the permanent-magnetic clamp 4 of magnetic guiding loop 5 and trapezoid cross section outside resin 3, permanent-magnetic clamp 4 is positioned at above magnetic guiding loop 5; Axial air-gap 7 is formed between described magnetic bearing stator 6 and rotor 8.
The internal diameter of described rotor 8 is less than the internal diameter of magnetic bearing stator 6.
The interior outer radius of described magnetic guiding loop 5 is equal with the interior outer radius of stator cavity outer shroud 9.The outer radius of stator cavity outer shroud 9 is the distance of outer shroud to bearing centre of bottom, trapezoid cross section, and the inside radius of stator cavity outer shroud 9 is the distance of outer shroud to bearing centre on base on trapezoid cross section.
The cross section of described permanent-magnetic clamp 4 is trapezoidal.
The scope of the angle a of described trapezoidal waist and Vertical direction is 15 °-20 °.
Embodiment 2.The angle a of described trapezoidal waist and Vertical direction is 20 °.Consider just to establish the close and permanent magnet processing technology of the close and final magnetic of magnetic, 20 °, permanent magnet angle of inclination is the optimum state.
Described trapezoidal be right-angled trapezium.
All the other are with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3.The angle a of described trapezoidal waist and Vertical direction is 18 °.All the other are with embodiment 1.
Working principle: be provided with magnetic bearing stator 6 on rotor 8, there is stator cavity 1 in magnetic bearing stator 6, in stator cavity 1, be provided with resin 3, inside resin 3, surround electromagnetism winding coil 2, be provided with the permanent-magnetic clamp 4 of magnetic guiding loop 5 and trapezoid cross section outside resin 3, permanent-magnetic clamp 4 is positioned at above magnetic guiding loop 5.Magnetic guiding loop, for removing electromagnetic interference, forms axial air-gap 7 between magnetic bearing stator 6 and rotor 8.During work, magnetic bearing stator 6 maintains static, axle connects rotor 8, be energized to electromagnetism winding coil 2, making permanent-magnetic clamp 4 produce electromagnetic force has suction upwards to rotor 8, and permanent-magnetic clamp 4 adopts " trapezoidal " cross section structure, electromagnetic circuit is made to f hardly pass through permanent magnet 4, while realizing large carrying, greatly reduce the control loss of electromagnetic coil, rotor 8 is held, and rotor 8 rotates can be with moving axis to move together.
Claims (7)
1. one kind carries axial mixed magnetic bearing greatly, it is characterized in that: comprise rotor (8), rotor (8) is provided with magnetic bearing stator (6), stator cavity (1) is provided with in magnetic bearing stator (6), resin (3) is provided with in stator cavity (1), resin (3) inner side surrounds electromagnetism winding coil (2), resin (3) outside is provided with the permanent-magnetic clamp (4) of magnetic guiding loop (5) and trapezoid cross section, and permanent-magnetic clamp (4) is positioned at magnetic guiding loop (5) top; Axial air-gap (7) is formed between described magnetic bearing stator (6) and rotor (8).
2. large carrying axial mixed magnetic bearing according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the internal diameter of described rotor (8) is less than the internal diameter of magnetic bearing stator (6).
3. large carrying axial mixed magnetic bearing according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the interior outer radius of described magnetic guiding loop (5) is equal with the interior outer radius of stator cavity outer shroud (9).
4. a permanent-magnetic clamp for large carrying axial mixed magnetic bearing, is characterized in that: the cross section of described permanent-magnetic clamp (4) is trapezoidal.
5. the permanent-magnetic clamp of large carrying axial mixed magnetic bearing according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described trapezoidal for right-angled trapezium.
6. the permanent-magnetic clamp of large carrying axial mixed magnetic bearing according to claim 4, is characterized in that: the scope of the angle a of described trapezoidal waist and Vertical direction is 15 °-20 °.
7. the permanent-magnetic clamp of large carrying axial mixed magnetic bearing according to claim 4, is characterized in that: the angle a of described trapezoidal waist and Vertical direction is 20 °.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510952486.3A CN105443576A (en) | 2015-12-18 | 2015-12-18 | Large bearing axial mixing magnetic bearing |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510952486.3A CN105443576A (en) | 2015-12-18 | 2015-12-18 | Large bearing axial mixing magnetic bearing |
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| CN105443576A true CN105443576A (en) | 2016-03-30 |
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| CN201510952486.3A Pending CN105443576A (en) | 2015-12-18 | 2015-12-18 | Large bearing axial mixing magnetic bearing |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109058296A (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2018-12-21 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Stator module and the hybrid magnetic-suspension axial bearing arrangement of suction and repulsion |
| CN117052791A (en) * | 2023-09-26 | 2023-11-14 | 山东华东风机有限公司 | Axial magnetic bearing design method for energy storage flywheel and axial magnetic bearing |
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| US3874750A (en) * | 1972-03-25 | 1975-04-01 | Lucas Aerospace Ltd | Thrust bearings |
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| CN101054999A (en) * | 2007-04-26 | 2007-10-17 | 北京航空航天大学 | Low power consumption axial magnetic bearing with redundant structure |
| CN101463867A (en) * | 2007-12-19 | 2009-06-24 | 王成尧 | Magnetic suspension bearing of circular rail |
| CN202391949U (en) * | 2011-11-25 | 2012-08-22 | 洛阳轴研科技股份有限公司 | Hemispherical aerodynamic bearing with permanent magnet core |
| CN102705367A (en) * | 2012-05-30 | 2012-10-03 | 清华大学 | Heavy-duty permanent magnetic attraction bearing with assembled permanent magnetic ring structure |
| CN203285842U (en) * | 2013-05-20 | 2013-11-13 | 南宁市五洲通精密机械有限公司 | Permanent magnet biased magnetic bearing |
| CN205371309U (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2016-07-06 | 贵州大学 | Big reach is to mixing magnetic bearing |
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2015
- 2015-12-18 CN CN201510952486.3A patent/CN105443576A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3811740A (en) * | 1971-04-24 | 1974-05-21 | Cnen | Self-centering rotary magnetic suspension device |
| US3874750A (en) * | 1972-03-25 | 1975-04-01 | Lucas Aerospace Ltd | Thrust bearings |
| JPH06313427A (en) * | 1993-04-28 | 1994-11-08 | Nippon Steel Corp | Oxide superconducting bearing |
| DE19528624A1 (en) * | 1995-08-04 | 1997-02-06 | Schurr Stahlecker & Grill | Magnetic end thrust bearing for open=end spinning rotor shaft - has magnetic disc held on shaft end by magnetic force for easy removal |
| CN101054999A (en) * | 2007-04-26 | 2007-10-17 | 北京航空航天大学 | Low power consumption axial magnetic bearing with redundant structure |
| CN101463867A (en) * | 2007-12-19 | 2009-06-24 | 王成尧 | Magnetic suspension bearing of circular rail |
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| CN102705367A (en) * | 2012-05-30 | 2012-10-03 | 清华大学 | Heavy-duty permanent magnetic attraction bearing with assembled permanent magnetic ring structure |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109058296A (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2018-12-21 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Stator module and the hybrid magnetic-suspension axial bearing arrangement of suction and repulsion |
| CN109058296B (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2024-03-05 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Stator assembly and repulsive force combined magnetic suspension axial bearing structure |
| CN117052791A (en) * | 2023-09-26 | 2023-11-14 | 山东华东风机有限公司 | Axial magnetic bearing design method for energy storage flywheel and axial magnetic bearing |
| CN117052791B (en) * | 2023-09-26 | 2024-04-02 | 山东华东风机有限公司 | Axial magnetic bearing design method for energy storage flywheel and axial magnetic bearing |
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Application publication date: 20160330 |