CN101413539A - Heteropolarity permanent magnetism bias axial and radial magnetic bearings - Google Patents
Heteropolarity permanent magnetism bias axial and radial magnetic bearings Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101413539A CN101413539A CNA2008102362764A CN200810236276A CN101413539A CN 101413539 A CN101413539 A CN 101413539A CN A2008102362764 A CNA2008102362764 A CN A2008102362764A CN 200810236276 A CN200810236276 A CN 200810236276A CN 101413539 A CN101413539 A CN 101413539A
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- magnetic
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- axial
- rotor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
- F16C32/04—Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means
- F16C32/0406—Magnetic bearings
- F16C32/044—Active magnetic bearings
- F16C32/0459—Details of the magnetic circuit
- F16C32/0461—Details of the magnetic circuit of stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- F16C32/0465—Details of the magnetic circuit of stationary parts of the magnetic circuit with permanent magnets provided in the magnetic circuit of the electromagnets
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
- F16C32/04—Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means
- F16C32/0406—Magnetic bearings
- F16C32/044—Active magnetic bearings
- F16C32/0474—Active magnetic bearings for rotary movement
- F16C32/0485—Active magnetic bearings for rotary movement with active support of three degrees of freedom
Abstract
A heteropolar permanent magnet biased axial-radial magnetic bearing belongs to a hybrid magnetic bearing of magnetic bearings. A radial stator of the magnetic bearing is a symmetrically arranged eight-magnetic pole structure; the eight magnetic poles are respectively four control magnetic poles sheathed with control windings and four permanent magnetic poles for embedding sheet permanent magnets, and the permanent magnetic poles are arranged between the control magnetic poles. The magnetic bearing establishes static bias magnetic field by the permanent magnets, and forms a closed magnetic circuit by the permanent magnetic poles, a rotor core and the control magnetic poles; the permanent magnetic poles are wider than the rotor core, and are used for generating bias magnetic flux with an axial component, the axial control windings closely arranged below the radial stator generate control magnetic flux which is superimposed with the bias magnetic flux to control axial suspension, two opposite control windings on the control magnetic poles are connected in series to generate the control magnetic flux which is superimposed with the bias magnetic flux to realize radial two-degree-of-freedom suspension. The magnetic bearing realizes the purposes of compact structure, wide radial stator, low power consumption and convenient installation.
Description
Technical field
Heteropolarity permanent magnetism bias axial and radial magnetic bearings of the present invention belongs to the technical field of the hybrid magnetic bearing in the magnetic bearing.
Background technique
Magnetic suspension bearing abbreviates magnetic bearing again as, is to utilize the magnetic force between stator and the rotor that rotor is suspended in the space, makes a kind of novel high-performance bearing that does not have Mechanical Contact between stator and the rotor.Owing to there is not contact mechanically between the stator and rotor, so the rotor of magnetic suspension bearing can reach very high running rotating speed, and have advantages such as mechanical wear is little, energy consumption is low, the life-span is long, unlubricated, pollution-free, be particularly suitable for special applications such as high speed, vacuum and super cleaning.
At present, the mode that magnetic bearing provides according to magnetic force is divided into following several: first kind is active magnetic bearings, there is bias current in this magnetic bearing coil, so that bias magnetic field to be provided, superpose with the biasing magnetic flux by the control electric current control magnetic flux that the control winding produces of flowing through, thereby produce controlled suspending power, volume, weight and power consumption are all bigger.Second kind is passive magnetic bearing, the suspending power of this magnetic bearing is provided by permanent magnet fully, and its required controller is simple, and the suspension power consumption is little, but rigidity and damping are all less, only generally apply in one direction supporting object or alleviate the load that acts on the traditional bearing.The third is a hybrid magnetic bearing, the electromagnet that this magnetic bearing adopts permanent-magnet material to substitute in the active magnetic bearings produces bias magnetic field, the just balanced load that electromagnet provides or the controlling magnetic field of interference, greatly reduce the power loss that produces because of bias current, the required Number of ampere turns of electromagnet is half of active magnetic bearings, dwindle the volume of magnetic bearing, alleviated its weight, and improved bearing capacity.
The permanent-magnetic biased axial radial magnetic bearing structural type of research is divided into two kinds in the world at present, a kind of is that radial direction magnetic bearing and axial magnetic bearing are separated, utilize same permanent magnet that radial and axial biasing magnetic flux is provided, this construction rotor axial length is long, and rotor critical speed is low; Another kind is axially and radially to integrate, compact structure, and the rotor dynamic performance is improved.But be mostly to adopt same polarity structural type, promptly utilize axial stator to form the biasing magnetic circuit, make the radial stator magnetic pole form same polarity and arrange, the hysteresis loss of magnetic bearing is reduced.But because the existence of axial stator magnetic pole, the magnetic bearing entire length is longer, and difficulty is installed, and has increased the manufacture cost of magnetic bearing.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention provides a kind of compact structure, wide radial stator, Heteropolarity permanent magnetism bias axial and radial magnetic bearings low in energy consumption, easy for installation.
The present invention adopts following technological scheme for achieving the above object:
The present invention includes stator module and rotor assembly, stator module is arranged on the periphery of rotor assembly; It is characterized in that: described stator module comprises radial stator, flaky permanent magnet, radially controls winding, wherein radial stator is eight field structures of symmetric arrangement, be respectively 4 control magnetic poles that are set with the control winding, two radially control windings in series are in opposite directions joined, embed 4 permanent magnetism magnetic poles of flaky permanent magnet, the axial length of permanent magnetism magnetic pole is wider than rotor core, places between the control magnetic pole; Described rotor assembly comprises rotor and rotor core, and rotor core is sleeved on the rotor, places in the radial stator; End near rotor core on the radial stator mounts axial control winding.
The axial length of permanent magnetism magnetic pole is wider than rotor core in the above-mentioned radial stator of the present invention.
Rotor core of the present invention adopts silicon steel plate stacking to make.
The present invention adopts technique scheme, compared with prior art has following advantage:
Permanent-magnetic biased axial radial magnetic bearing of the present invention, radial offset magnetic flux, control magnetic flux are closed in same plane fully, so have the short and less advantage of leakage field of magnetic flux path.The radial permanent magnet magnetic pole that utilization is wideer than rotor core, generation has the biasing magnetic flux of axial component, and no longer needs special axial stator magnetic pole, has greatly simplified the structure of magnetic bearing, and it is convenient to install.Simultaneously, this magnetic bearing utilizes permanent magnet to produce the biasing magnetic flux, it is little also to have power consumption, the advantage that axial length is short, have broad application prospects in high speed applications such as flywheel energy storage, air condition compressor, turbomolecular pumps, national defence fields such as Aero-Space and naval vessels that it is used in then have more significance.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of the present invention.
The plan view of Fig. 1 of Fig. 2.
Fig. 3 is a fundamental diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the plan view of Fig. 3.
Among the figure: 1, radial stator; 2, flaky permanent magnet; 3, radially control winding; 4, axially control winding; 5, rotor; 6, rotor core.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing technological scheme of the present invention is elaborated:
As shown in Figure 1, Heteropolarity permanent magnetism bias axial and radial magnetic bearings of the present invention, comprise stator module and rotor assembly, described stator module comprises radial stator 1, wherein radial stator 1 is eight field structures of space symmetric arrangement, spacer sleeve is equipped with four and radially controls winding 3 on radial stator 1 magnetic pole, two radially control windings in series are in opposite directions joined, 4 permanent magnetism magnetic poles that are that embed flaky permanent magnet 2, its axial length is wider than rotor core, place between the control magnetic pole,, axially control winding 4 and be mounted under the radial stator magnetic pole for simplex winding in order to produce the biasing magnetic flux.Described rotor assembly comprises rotor 5 and rotor core 6, and rotor core 6 is sleeved on the rotor 5, places in the radial stator 1, arranges because this magnetic bearing magnetic pole is a different pole, and for reducing magnetic hysteresis and eddy current loss, the suspended rotor iron core also adopts silicon steel plate stacking to make.Its axial basic functional principle is: because the radial permanent magnet magnetic pole is wideer than rotor core, the permanent magnet bias magnetic flux of four flaky permanent magnet generations is through radial permanent magnet magnetic pole, radial air gap arrival rotor core the time, produced biasing magnetic flux with axial component, when rotor is positioned at the longitudinal balance position, because the symmetry properties of structure, magnetic flux at the right side of rotor core axial end air gap and left side air gap place equates that this moment, left and right sides suction equated.If rotor is subjected to the outer power of disturbing left at this moment, rotor will depart from the equilibrium position to left movement, the flux change about causing that the annular permanent-magnet body produces, and promptly the air gap on the right side increases, and magnetic flux reduces, and promptly the axial magnetic flux component reduces; The air gap on the left side reduces, and magnetic flux increases, and promptly the axial magnetic flux component increases.Because square being directly proportional of magnetic field suction and magnetic flux, therefore the suction on the right is less than the suction on the left side, add control magnetic flux before, rotor can't be got back to the equilibrium position.This moment, displacement transducer detected the displacement amount that rotor departs from its reference position, controller is transformed into control signal with this displacement signal, power amplifier is transformed into the control electric current with this control signal again, this electric current is flowed through and is mounted on axial control winding under the radial stator, in air gap, produce an electromagnetism magnetic flux, permanent magnet flux axial component stack in this electromagnetism magnetic flux and the air gap, magnetic flux in the air gap of the rotor right side is increased, magnetic flux in the air gap of the left side reduces, produce a suction to the right, rotor is retracted the equilibrium position.In like manner, rotor is subjected to axial outer disturbance left, can make rotor be returned to the equilibrium position equally based on above-mentioned principle.The working principle of radial direction magnetic bearing part is: because the magnetic resistance of permanent magnet is bigger, the control magnetic flux is without permanent magnetism magnetic pole, can avoid controlling magnetic flux degaussing to permanent magnet when opposite with the flow direction of setovering.When rotor is in the equilibrium position, flaky permanent magnet produces the biasing magnetic flux that equates at radial air gap, and making rotor be subjected to that radially reluctance force makes a concerted effort like this is zero, is stabilized in the equilibrium position.Because the symmetry properties of structure, the magnetic flux that permanent magnet produces equate that at the place of air gap up and down of rotor this moment, suction equated up and down.If rotor is subjected to the downward outer power of disturbing when this equilibrium position, rotor will depart from the reference position and move downward, cause the flux change of the air gap up and down of permanent magnet generation, air gap promptly increases, the magnetic flux that permanent magnet is produced reduces, following air gap reduces, and the magnetic flux that permanent magnet is produced increases.Because square being directly proportional of magnetic force and magnetic flux, therefore the suction below is less than top suction, add control magnetic flux before, rotor can't be got back to the equilibrium position.Control winding generation control magnetic flux, the control magnetic flux is superimposed with the biasing magnetic flux at last air gap place, and offsets with the biasing magnetic flux at following air gap place.Magnetic flux in the air gap is greater than the magnetic flux of another side air gap on one side, and the difference of both sides radial air gap magnetic flux has produced controlled restoring force to rotor, makes rotor stability in the radial equilibrium position.If rotor is subjected to the outer power of disturbing that makes progress, can analyze with similar method, obtain opposite conclusion.In like manner, no matter rotor is subjected to left, to the right, outer disturbance up or down, the degenerative permanent-magnetic biased axial radial magnetic bearing in band position is by the electric current in the controller control exciting winding, and the size of regulating each air-gap flux can keep rotor in the equilibrium position all the time.
Fig. 1, Fig. 2 is a permanent-magnetic biased axial radial magnetic bearing structural representation of the present invention, Fig. 1, radial stator 1 among Fig. 2 is made for silicon steel plate stacking, eight field structures for symmetric arrangement, be with on four magnetic pole of the stator and radially control winding 3, two radially windings in series in opposite directions connect, constitute the control magnetic pole, four flaky permanent magnets 2 are embedded in other four radial stators at interval, constitute permanent magnetism magnetic pole, place between the control magnetic pole, in order to generation biasing magnetic flux, but the permanent magnetism magnetic pole in the radial stator is wideer than rotor core 6, have the biasing magnetic flux of axial component in order to generation, axially control the internal surface that winding 4 is mounted on radial stator 1.Magnetic circuit figure as shown in Figure 3, Figure 4.The biasing magnetic flux that flaky permanent magnet produces passes through radial permanent magnet magnetic pole, radial air gap, rotor core successively, radially controls magnetic pole formation closed-loop path, shown in the solid line among Fig. 3, Fig. 4.Axially the control magnetic flux of control winding generation is through radial stator and axial air-gap, shown in the doublet among Fig. 3, Fig. 4.The control magnetic flux of radially controlling the winding generation only passes through radial air gap and radial stator, and rotor core is without axial air-gap, shown in the single dotted line among Fig. 3, Fig. 4.Axially control magnetic flux and radially control magnetic flux decoupling zero each other, do not disturb mutually.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of Heteropolarity permanent magnetism bias axial and radial magnetic bearings comprises stator module and rotor assembly, and stator module is arranged on the periphery of rotor assembly; It is characterized in that: described stator module comprises radial stator (1), flaky permanent magnet (2), radially controls winding (3), wherein radial stator (1) is eight field structures of symmetric arrangement, be respectively 4 control magnetic poles that are set with control winding (3), two radially control windings in series are in opposite directions joined, embed 4 permanent magnetism magnetic poles of flaky permanent magnet (2), the axial length of permanent magnetism magnetic pole is wider than rotor core, places between the control magnetic pole; Described rotor assembly comprises rotor (5) and rotor core (6), and rotor core (6) is sleeved on the rotor (5), places in the radial stator (1); The end that radial stator (1) is gone up near rotor core (6) mounts axial control winding (4).
2, Heteropolarity permanent magnetism bias axial and radial magnetic bearings according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the axial length of permanent magnetism magnetic pole is wider than rotor core (6) in the above-mentioned radial stator (1).
3, Heteropolarity permanent magnetism bias axial and radial magnetic bearings according to claim 1 is characterized in that: above-mentioned rotor core (6) adopts silicon steel plate stacking to make.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2008102362764A CN101413539A (en) | 2008-11-19 | 2008-11-19 | Heteropolarity permanent magnetism bias axial and radial magnetic bearings |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2008102362764A CN101413539A (en) | 2008-11-19 | 2008-11-19 | Heteropolarity permanent magnetism bias axial and radial magnetic bearings |
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| CN101413539A true CN101413539A (en) | 2009-04-22 |
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| CNA2008102362764A Pending CN101413539A (en) | 2008-11-19 | 2008-11-19 | Heteropolarity permanent magnetism bias axial and radial magnetic bearings |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101893038A (en) * | 2010-08-04 | 2010-11-24 | 南京化工职业技术学院 | Permanent magnet biased axial magnetic bearing |
| CN103095002A (en) * | 2011-10-31 | 2013-05-08 | 周凌燕 | Variable magnetic resistance type efficient energy-saving generating device |
| CN104154119A (en) * | 2014-07-16 | 2014-11-19 | 南京化工职业技术学院 | Permanent magnet biased axial-radial magnetic bearing |
| CN108087321A (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2018-05-29 | 珠海格力节能环保制冷技术研究中心有限公司 | A kind of magnetic suspension bearing, magnetic suspension rotor bearing assembly and compressor |
| CN110805616A (en) * | 2019-11-12 | 2020-02-18 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Magnetic suspension bearing device and control method of magnetic suspension bearing |
| CN113285558A (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2021-08-20 | 东南大学 | Bias magnetic field adjustable force balance type stator permanent magnet motor magnetic bearing |
-
2008
- 2008-11-19 CN CNA2008102362764A patent/CN101413539A/en active Pending
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101893038A (en) * | 2010-08-04 | 2010-11-24 | 南京化工职业技术学院 | Permanent magnet biased axial magnetic bearing |
| CN103095002A (en) * | 2011-10-31 | 2013-05-08 | 周凌燕 | Variable magnetic resistance type efficient energy-saving generating device |
| CN103095002B (en) * | 2011-10-31 | 2015-07-08 | 周凌燕 | Variable magnetic resistance type efficient energy-saving generating device |
| CN104154119A (en) * | 2014-07-16 | 2014-11-19 | 南京化工职业技术学院 | Permanent magnet biased axial-radial magnetic bearing |
| CN108087321A (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2018-05-29 | 珠海格力节能环保制冷技术研究中心有限公司 | A kind of magnetic suspension bearing, magnetic suspension rotor bearing assembly and compressor |
| CN108087321B (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2023-11-21 | 珠海格力节能环保制冷技术研究中心有限公司 | Magnetic suspension bearing, magnetic suspension rotor supporting assembly and compressor |
| CN110805616A (en) * | 2019-11-12 | 2020-02-18 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Magnetic suspension bearing device and control method of magnetic suspension bearing |
| CN110805616B (en) * | 2019-11-12 | 2020-10-20 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Magnetic suspension bearing device and control method of magnetic suspension bearing |
| CN113285558A (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2021-08-20 | 东南大学 | Bias magnetic field adjustable force balance type stator permanent magnet motor magnetic bearing |
| CN113285558B (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2022-04-29 | 东南大学 | Bias magnetic field adjustable force balance type stator permanent magnet motor magnetic bearing |
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Open date: 20090422 |