CN105435755B - 一种聚酚醛胺型吸附剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种聚酚醛胺型吸附剂及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN105435755B
CN105435755B CN201510793316.5A CN201510793316A CN105435755B CN 105435755 B CN105435755 B CN 105435755B CN 201510793316 A CN201510793316 A CN 201510793316A CN 105435755 B CN105435755 B CN 105435755B
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刘钦泽
杨慧方
姚金水
魏刚
乔从德
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Qilu University of Technology
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种聚酚醛胺型吸附剂及其制备方法。将苯酚、苯酚衍生物、甲醛和二胺加入到弱碱性水溶液中，在一定温度下反应一定时间后进行分离、洗涤、干燥，即可制得具有良好吸附性能的聚酚醛胺型吸附剂。该制备方法过程简单、操作方便、工艺可控、条件温和、重复性好、成本低廉，便于推广使用，制得的聚酚醛胺型吸附剂具有良好的吸附性能，并可以应用于对重金属离子、染料小分子及其他有机小分子的吸附，具有广泛的应用范围。

Description

一种聚酚醛胺型吸附剂及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及化工产品技术领域，具体涉及一种聚酚醛胺型吸附剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着工业的迅猛发展，重金属废物来源日渐广泛，通过采矿、冶金、电镀、机械、化工等诸多行业进入水体，造成了水源的重金属离子污染，并通过生物链进行富集，对人体造成极大的危害。更进一步而言，污染的水源在用于农业灌溉后，重金属又会污染土壤，因此重金属污染的治理是一个严峻的课题。除了对重金属污染源的有效控制外，如何修复污染的水源，去除对人体健康有严重影响的重金属离子，是目前急需解决的一个重要问题。
目前，国内外使用的去除水体中重金属离子方法包括化学沉淀法、离子交换法、膜分离法、生物法、吸附法等。化学沉淀法存在依赖pH值程度高、易产生二次污染等缺陷，其他的方法如膜分离、离子交换和生物法等也存在诸多问题，从而限制了它们的应用。利用聚合物吸附剂可以吸附废水中的多种金属离子，具有吸附速度快、去除率高和重复利用等优点。
此外，随着纺织、造纸、塑料、制革等行业的快速发展，染料的使用量日益增大，随之产生的染料废水对环境的危害也日益严重。对其有效处理，也成为目前急需解决的一个重要问题。
发明内容
为克服现有技术存在的不足和问题，本发明的目的在于提供一种聚酚醛胺型吸附剂及其制备方法，该制备方法可以很好的制备含有大量官能团且具有良好吸附性能的吸附材料，同时具有过程简单、条件温和、成本低廉，便于推广使用的优点，可以广泛应用于吸附材料制备领域。
为实现本发明的目的，提供以下技术方案：
一种聚酚醛胺型吸附剂及其制备方法，其特征在于以下步骤：
将苯酚、苯酚衍生物、甲醛和二胺加入到弱碱性水溶液中，在一定温度下反应一定时间后进行分离，即可制得具有良好吸附性能的聚酚醛胺型吸附剂。
该制备方法过程简单、操作方便、工艺可控、条件温和、重复性好、成本低廉，便于推广使用，制得的聚酚醛胺型吸附剂具有良好的吸附性能，并可以应用于对重金属离子、染料小分子及其他有机小分子的吸附，具有广泛的应用范围。
进一步的，所述步骤中苯酚衍生物为对甲基苯酚、邻羟基苯甲酸、对羟基苯甲酸中的任意一种。
进一步的，所述步骤中甲醛为甲醛溶液。
进一步的，所述步骤中二胺为赖氨酸、胱氨酸、结构式为NH2(CH2)nNH2的脂肪胺中的至少一种，其中n代表2至15的整数。
进一步的，所述步骤中苯酚衍生物、甲醛和二胺的摩尔质量比例为1 : 2~3: 0.8~1.2。
进一步的，所述步骤中苯酚和苯酚衍生物的摩尔质量比例为0~0.05 : 1。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下有益效果：
根据本发明所述的制备方法制备的聚酚醛胺型吸附剂成本低廉，并可以应用于对重金属离子、染料小分子及其他有机小分子的吸附，具有广泛的应用范围，便于推广使用；而且制备方法操作方便、工艺可控、条件温和，制得的吸附材料具有良好的吸附性能。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施方式对本发明作进一步说明。以下实施例旨在说明本发明而不是对本发明的进一步限定。此外应理解，在阅读了本发明讲授的内容之后，本领域技术人员可以对本发明作各种改动或修改，这些等价形式同样落于本申请所附权利要求书所限定的范围。
实施例1：
在100ml的烧杯中加入80ml去离子水和对甲基苯酚1.0814g、37%的甲醛1.6243g、赖氨酸1.4619g，逐滴加入氢氧化钠溶液将pH调至8~9。随后将烧杯中的液体转移至250ml容量瓶内， 80℃反应3h后将产物取出，离心、洗涤、真空干燥。将产物用于亚甲基蓝的吸附实验，实验表明产物对亚甲基蓝具有良好的吸附效果。
实施例2：
在100ml的烧杯中加入60ml去离子水和对甲基苯酚1.0794g、37%的甲醛溶液1.4920g、赖氨酸1.8265g、1ml 0.01mol/L的苯酚。逐滴加入氢氧化钠溶液将pH调至8~9。随后将烧杯中的液体转移至250ml容量瓶内，70℃反应4h后将产物取出，离心、洗涤、真空干燥。将产物用于六价铬的吸附实验，实验表明产物对六价铬具有良好的吸附效果。
实施例3：
在烧杯中加入对甲酚1.0778g、37%的甲醛1.5477g、胱氨酸3.0154g及60ml去离子水。随后将pH调至8，转移至250ml三口瓶内。80℃反应4h后将产物取出，离心、洗涤、真空干燥。将产物用于铅离子的吸附实验，实验表明产物对铅离子具有良好的吸附效果。

Claims (1)

1.一种聚酚醛胺型吸附剂的制备方法，其特征在于包括以下步骤：
将苯酚、苯酚衍生物、甲醛和二胺加入到弱碱性水溶液中，在一定温度下反应一定时间后进行分离、洗涤、干燥，即可制得具有良好吸附性能的聚酚醛胺型吸附剂；
所述的苯酚衍生物为对甲基苯酚、邻羟基苯甲酸、对羟基苯甲酸中的任意一种；
所述的甲醛为37％的甲醛溶液；
所述的二胺为赖氨酸或胱氨酸；
所述的苯酚衍生物、甲醛和二胺的摩尔质量比例为1:2～3:0.8～1.2；
所述的苯酚和苯酚衍生物的摩尔质量比例为0～0.05:1。
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CN107335409B (zh) * 2017-08-29 2020-07-31 齐鲁工业大学 一种银杏外种皮制备吸附材料的方法
CN107744801B (zh) * 2017-11-23 2020-07-28 齐鲁工业大学 一种木质素基聚酚胺吸附材料及制备方法
CN109293861B (zh) * 2018-09-20 2021-05-28 上海拓径新材料科技股份有限公司 阳离子型吸附树脂及其制备方法
CN111686702A (zh) * 2020-06-28 2020-09-22 齐鲁工业大学 一种木质素磺酸盐基聚酚胺吸附材料的制备方法
CN115646467A (zh) * 2022-11-10 2023-01-31 厦门大学 一种基于改性废弃花泥的重金属吸附剂及其制备方法

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