CN1054337A - The protective circuit of high-power darlington transistors - Google Patents
The protective circuit of high-power darlington transistors Download PDFInfo
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- CN1054337A CN1054337A CN 90107801 CN90107801A CN1054337A CN 1054337 A CN1054337 A CN 1054337A CN 90107801 CN90107801 CN 90107801 CN 90107801 A CN90107801 A CN 90107801A CN 1054337 A CN1054337 A CN 1054337A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- circuit
- comparator
- point
- protective circuit
- darlington
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Abstract
The present invention is the protective circuit of high-power darlington transistors.Its feature is to monitor V simultaneously
BE(variation of reflection Ic) and V
CECarry out duplicate protection.Protective circuit adopts two comparators to handle V respectively
BE, V
CESignal when the actual detected value of any signal surpasses set point, all can turn-off Darlington transistor immediately.This circuit adopts the NOR gate integrated circuit to finish the V after the comparison
BE, V
CEThe logical "or" of signal is handled, and can make the protective circuit action effectively with a d type flip flop again.Adopt the triode of high back-pressure switching diode, magnifying state and the circuit structure of inverter, realize V
CESignal Processing.
Description
The invention belongs to the circuit emergency protective circuit.
Power transistor (Darlington transistor) has control performance advantage good and that turn-off easily.But its overload capacity is low, needs short-circuit protection; The V of main circuit
CEIf depart from normal range (NR), then make Darlington transistor work undesired, these shortcomings once limited its application in power electronics devices, so be anxious to be solved and the general problem of care to the protection of its short-circuit protection and irregular working.
To the short-circuit protection of high-power darlington transistors, newer method is to utilize the base voltage V of Darlington transistor
BEMeasure collector current I
CVariation, to realize short-circuit protection.Because as base current and junction temperature one timing, the base voltage V of Darlington transistor
BE, can be along with collector current I
CIncrease increase by the relation of approximate first power, as shown in Figure 1.This short-circuit protection to power transistor, trouble such as exempted the necessary Signal Spacing of additive method, focus on.At present, the existing V that utilizes
BEDetect I
CProtective circuit, but general drive circuit that is suitable for and protective circuit itself more complicated all, circuit element is more.
About causing V because of some reasons such as external interference
CEDepart from normal range (NR), make Darlington transistor be difficult to guarantee the problem of operate as normal, do not find the way that solves at present as yet.
The objective of the invention is to design a kind of protective circuit that is applicable to simple and ripe high-power darlington transistors drive circuit; circuit element is few, simple in structure, reliable operation, easy to use; can short-circuit protection to Darlington transistor, can guarantee operate as normal again.
Main design of the present invention: adopt to I
C(by detecting V
BEObtain) and V
CEThe monitoring of two parameters realizes respectively the short-circuit protection of Darlington transistor and the duplicate protection of its operate as normal of assurance.At first select its V according to Darlington transistor positive sodium safety working area (SOA)
BE(by I
CDetermine) and V
CESet point (protection threshold values), work as V
BEAnd V
CEArbitrary actual detected value is during greater than corresponding set point, and high-power darlington transistors is turn-offed in the protective circuit action immediately, finishes the function to its protection.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is the I of Darlington transistor
C-V
BERelation curve.
Fig. 2 is that the Darlington transistor load is drive circuit, main circuit and the protective circuit of pure resistance.Wherein I is that II is a main circuit and the outer part of frame of broken lines is a protective circuit of the present invention in drive circuit, the frame of broken lines in the frame of broken lines.
Fig. 3 is and V
CEThe waveform of the relevant each point of detection signal.
Fig. 4 is the three-phase bridge circuit that Darlington transistor constitutes.
Fig. 5 is the U that is used for three-phase bridge circuit
4The processor schematic diagram.
Specify circuit structure scheme of the present invention in conjunction with the embodiments with reference to accompanying drawing.
Example 1: for the present invention is applied in the protective circuit of Darlington transistor load when being pure resistance.
As shown in Figure 2, be the transistor driver circuit that is applicable to fairly simple maturation of the present invention in the frame of broken lines I.In the frame of broken lines II is by large power supply, ohmic load R
L, inductance L and the high-power darlington transistors T that will protect
7The main circuit that constitutes.In the drive circuit, control signal makes triode T by photoelectrical coupler
4, T, simultaneously conducting (T
6Turn-off this moment), drive T
7Conducting; Work as T
4, T
5Turn-off (T simultaneously
6Conducting this moment), make T
7Turn-off, this just makes T
7The energy operate as normal is on off state.Part outside frame of broken lines is a protective circuit of the present invention.As mentioned above, the present invention is not only by monitoring V
BEProtect the high-power darlington triode, but to V
BE(I
C) and V
CEMonitor duplicate protection Darlington triode simultaneously.Because triode consumed power P=I
CV
CE, simultaneously to I
C(V
BE), V
CEMonitor, make P all the time less than the permissible value of triode.So just realize protection effectively to the Darlington triode.In protective circuit, V
BE, V
CEThe actual detected value take from B point in the drive circuit and the C point in the main circuit respectively, the output signal of protective circuit is passed through T
2, T
3Add to A point and B point in the drive circuit simultaneously.At T
7During operate as normal, protective circuit is failure to actuate; Work as T
7I
C(V
BE) or V
CEWhen exceeding normal range of operation, protective circuit is exported high level, adds to A, the B point of drive circuit, makes T
4, T
5Turn-off T
7Turn-off rapidly.According to design of the present invention, adopt particular circuit configurations as follows: to provide a stable+5V power supply by 7805 integrated package of pressure-stabilizing, to guarantee the protective circuit operate as normal.Comparator U
1Two input end signals, one is by R
2And R
4The V that the bleeder circuit that constitutes provides
BESet point be added in "-" input, it is by I
CThe maximum functional permissible value determine; Another is the V by the input of B point
BEThe actual detected value is added in "+" input.Work as V
BEActual value is during greater than set point, U
1Output signal is " 1 " (high level), makes U
5(d type flip flop) is output as " 1 ", T
2, T
3Conducting simultaneously makes T
7Turn-off immediately, realize pliotron T
7Short-circuit protection.Comparator U
2Be to be used for handling V
CESignal, it also has two input end signals, and one is V
CESet point ("+" input), another is V
CEActual detected value ("-" input).The V of set point during by conducting
CEMaximum permissible value is determined, works as V
CEWhen actual value surpasses set point, U
2Be output as " 1 ", make U
5(d type flip flop) is output as " 1 ", T
2, T
3Conducting, T
7Turn-off immediately, also realize protection power transistor T
7Function, make V
CEWhen departing from normal range of operation, can in time turn-off T because of some reasons such as external interference
7
Should illustrate, adopt V
CEDetected value guarantees to realize the Darlington transistor operate as normal, and difficulty is bigger, needs certain skill during processing.C point signal is the forceful electric power signal in main circuit, and comparator U
2Branch road is to handle weak electric signal, thus strong and weak electricity must be separated, simultaneously again with V
CEActual value detect.For this reason, in circuit, adopt high back-pressure switching diode D
1Finish this task.Work as T
7During conducting, the C point is 2～3/ volts low-level, this moment V
CEDetected value is delivered to U through C → C ' → C " → C " '
2"-" input, and unlike V
BEDetected value is added in comparator U
1"+" input; Work as T
7During shutoff, the C point is the high voltage of several hectovolts, D
1Partially anti-, be equivalent to C and C ' disconnection.So just reach and not only strong and weak electricity is separated but also V
CEThe purpose that input is come out.To V
CEThe processing of detected value has skill, V very much
CEActual value has three kinds of states: a kind of state is in T
7During shutoff, corresponding C point voltage is very high; Two kinds is at T in addition
7During conducting, i.e. T
7During operate as normal and the state during irregular working.Protective circuit must guarantee at T
7U during shutoff and during operate as normal (conducting)
2Be output as " 0 " (low level), make the drive circuit operate as normal, but must make at T
7In the turn on process, work as V
CEOccur requiring comparator U when undesired
2At once output " 1 ", thus turn-off T
7, under abnormal conditions, work to avoid main circuit.This just should make U
2The corresponding relation of "-" input C " ' signal and C, C ', C ", some signal as shown in Figure 3.When being added in the V that C is ordered
CEWhen raising to some extent, C ' some current potential increases, and C ", C " ' current potential reduces, and " ' current potential is lower than V as C
CEDuring set point, U
2Output switching activity is " 1 " (high level), makes T
2, T
3Conducting, T
7Turn-off.Realization makes V because of some reasons such as external interference
CEProtection when departing from normal range (NR) (higher).For obtaining the waveform of corresponding points shown in Figure 3, T
1Must be in magnifying state, R
12/ R
13Ratio should be between (1.1～1.2).And adopt by U
3-R
14-R
15The inverter circuit structure that constitutes makes C, and " ' signal is not a logic level, but the switch analog level, and is above-mentioned to V to guarantee
CEThe correct processing of signal.Promptly be to work as T
7During shutoff, C " ' for simulation high level (about 2 volts), not can be low level, otherwise can't handle; Work as T
7During conducting, C " ' be low level slightly, if the V during conducting
CEValue raises, then C, and " ' current potential continues to descend, when dropping to and V
CEWhen set point equates, comparator U
2Output switching activity be " 1 ", make protective circuit action, realize Darlington transistor T
7Protection.
Usually in main circuit, to go here and there a small inductor L, with restricted passage power transistor T
7Current changing rate, this inductance value is generally 20～40 μ H.Protective circuit V
BE(or I
C) and V
CESet point, can get 2/3 I of Darlington transistor respectively
CMWith 2/3 V
CEM, I
CMWith V
CEMBe the transistorized maximum working value that allows.V when Darlington transistor
BE, V
CEWhen value exceeds normal range of operation, take the relation of logical "or" to protect, make transistorized consumed power be limited to smaller value all the time, conducting is in the place of safety, so protective circuit of the present invention is to T
7Realized protection very effectively.
Reset switch K is used for zero clearing in the protective circuit, and its effect is after the protective circuit action, is refitted in initial condition.
Example 2: for the present invention is applied in the protective circuit of Darlington transistor load when being motor.
Motor load belongs to inductive load, and this moment, protective circuit of the present invention was usually used in the inverter.At this moment, claimed Darlington triode connects the three-phase bridge circuit of being made up of six Darlington transistors into as shown in Figure 4 usually.According to the operation principle of bridge circuit structure and inverter, be under the situation of motor in load, only need three power Darlington transistors of brachium pontis under the inverter are protected, can play whole six the transistorized effects of protection.On the protection strategy, as long as when having a pipe that short circuit or undesired trend are arranged, just can be to descending the T of brachium pontis
d, T
e, T
fThree Darlington transistors are protected simultaneously.In this case, the comparator U in the circuit as shown in Figure 2
1Should there be three, handle the V of three Darlington transistors respectively
BESignal; Comparator U
2Also should there be three, handle the V of three Darlington transistors respectively
CESignal.Integrated circuit U
4Change the NOR gate that six inputs three are exported into by two inputs, one output, use U
4' expression (is promptly used U
4' replacement U
4), as shown in Figure 5.From integrated package U
4Three road signals of ' output are imported three U simultaneously
5The set terminal of (d type flip flop).So just can guarantee: if there be arbitrary pipe that short circuit or V are arranged
CEWhen departing from normal trend, promptly turn-off three pipes of brachium pontis down simultaneously.
In sum, circuit of the present invention is to adopt to monitor V simultaneously
BE(I
C) and V
CEMethod, protect the high-power darlington triode.And only use several integrated circuits and elements such as several low-power transistors and a spot of resistance, electric capacity to constitute, protective circuit, simple in structure, turn-off rapidly, reliable operation, and realize protection very effectively to Darlington transistor.
Claims (6)
1, the protective circuit of high-power darlington transistors is used for protecting the main circuit II Darlington transistor operate as normal that is driven by the drive circuit I, and feature of the present invention is to adopt two comparator U
1And U
2Handle the V of Darlington transistor respectively
BE, V
CESignal, comparator U
1Two input signals are arranged, and "-" input is by R
2, R
4The V that the bleeder circuit that constitutes provides
BESet point, "+" input is through resistance R from drive circuit B point
6, R
5V is provided
BEThe actual detected signal, work as V
BEActual value is during greater than set point, comparator U
1Be output as " 1 " (high level), make integrated circuit U
5(d type flip flop) is output as " 1 ", makes T
2, T
3Conducting simultaneously, and export the A point and the B point of drive circuit respectively to, make Darlington transistor T
7Turn-off immediately; Comparator U
2Two input signals are also arranged, V
CESet point be added in "+" input, by R
1, R
3The bleeder circuit that constitutes provides, and another is V
CEThe actual detected value be added in "-" end, from the C point of main circuit through switching diode D
1, C ' point, triode T
1, C " point, C ' " point and resistance R
17To comparator U
2"-" input, work as V
CEWhen actual value surpasses set point, from comparator U
2Be output as " 1 ", make U
5(d type flip flop) is output as " 1 ", makes T
2, T
3Conducting simultaneously makes T
7Turn-off immediately.
2, by the described protective circuit of claim 1, it is characterized in that adopting high back-pressure diode D
1, get R
12/ R
13Ratio is 1.1～1.2, triode T
1Be operated in magnifying state, and adopt inverter U
3-R
14-R
15The circuit that constitutes makes comparator U
2"-" input end signal become the switch analog circuit.
3, by the described protective circuit of claim 1, it is characterized in that V
BESet point is taken as 2/3 I
CM, V
CESet point is taken as 2/3 V
CEM
4, by the described protective circuit of claim 1, it is characterized in that being provided with reset switch K.
5, by the described protective circuit of claim 1, it is characterized in that need connecing a small inductor L in the main circuit II, value is taken as 20～40 μ H.
6, by the described protective circuit of claim 1, it is characterized in that when constituting bridge circuit structure, adopting three comparator U by six Darlington transistors
1, three comparator U
2, integrated circuit U
4Be the NOR gate of six inputs, three outputs, supporting three d type flip flop U,, make any Darlington transistor that short circuit trend or V be arranged
CEWhen departing from normal range (NR), just three Darlington transistors to following brachium pontis carry out turn-off protection simultaneously.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 90107801 CN1019344B (en) | 1990-09-13 | 1990-09-13 | Protective circuit of high-power darlington transistors |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 90107801 CN1019344B (en) | 1990-09-13 | 1990-09-13 | Protective circuit of high-power darlington transistors |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1054337A true CN1054337A (en) | 1991-09-04 |
| CN1019344B CN1019344B (en) | 1992-12-02 |
Family
ID=4880721
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 90107801 Expired CN1019344B (en) | 1990-09-13 | 1990-09-13 | Protective circuit of high-power darlington transistors |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1019344B (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101592517B (en) * | 2008-05-29 | 2011-02-23 | 上海耀华称重系统有限公司 | Protection circuit of excitation power supply of weighing sensor |
| CN109765474A (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2019-05-17 | 无锡固电半导体股份有限公司 | A kind of test method of Darlington transistor parameter |
-
1990
- 1990-09-13 CN CN 90107801 patent/CN1019344B/en not_active Expired
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101592517B (en) * | 2008-05-29 | 2011-02-23 | 上海耀华称重系统有限公司 | Protection circuit of excitation power supply of weighing sensor |
| CN109765474A (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2019-05-17 | 无锡固电半导体股份有限公司 | A kind of test method of Darlington transistor parameter |
| CN109765474B (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2021-03-05 | 无锡固电半导体股份有限公司 | Method for testing parameters of Darlington transistor |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1019344B (en) | 1992-12-02 |
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| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C13 | Decision | ||
| GR02 | Examined patent application | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
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| C19 | Lapse of patent right due to non-payment of the annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |