CN105430860A - Apparatus and method for generating microwave liquid plasma in direct coupling manner under atmospheric pressure - Google Patents
Apparatus and method for generating microwave liquid plasma in direct coupling manner under atmospheric pressure Download PDFInfo
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- CN105430860A CN105430860A CN201510815739.2A CN201510815739A CN105430860A CN 105430860 A CN105430860 A CN 105430860A CN 201510815739 A CN201510815739 A CN 201510815739A CN 105430860 A CN105430860 A CN 105430860A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
- H05H1/24—Generating plasma
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
- H05H1/24—Generating plasma
- H05H1/2406—Generating plasma using dielectric barrier discharges, i.e. with a dielectric interposed between the electrodes
- H05H1/2443—Generating plasma using dielectric barrier discharges, i.e. with a dielectric interposed between the electrodes the plasma fluid flowing through a dielectric tube
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Abstract
The present invention provides an apparatus and a method for generating a microwave liquid plasma in a direct coupling manner under an atmospheric pressure. The apparatus comprises: a reactor, a liquid inlet, an exhaust port, a microwave discharge electrode, a rectangular waveguide, and a microwave generator; the reactor is made of a quartz material, a ceramic material or a mixture of the quartz material and the ceramic material; the reactor directly and perpendicularly runs through the rectangular waveguide, and a microwave is directly coupled into liquid inside the reactor through the rectangular waveguide; and the liquid inlet and the exhaust port are respectively formed at the upper end of the reactor, the microwave discharge electrode is disposed at the position of a central axis of the reactor, and the rectangular waveguide is connected with the microwave generator. According to the apparatus disclosed by the present invention, excitation of the plasma in microwave liquid under the atmospheric pressure and stability maintenance are achieved, so that the equipment operation cost is greatly reduced.
Description
Technical field
The embodiment of the present invention relates to technical field of plasma, particularly relates to direct-coupling microwave liquid phase plasma generator and method under a kind of atmospheric pressure.
Background technology
At present, about utilize liquid phase plasma carry out materials synthesis, material surface modifying, water treatment correlative study have been reported.Compared with gas phase discharges, it is large that the plasma that discharge in water produces has spatial distribution, the feature that density is relatively high.Produce the method mainly high pressure pulse discharge of plasma in the liquid phase, realized by submergence high-field electrode in a liquid and ground electrode, discharge type mainly contains streamer-discahrge, sparkover and streamer/spark commingle discharging.Compared with gas phase discharges, more difficult activated plasma is in the liquid phase because need higher decomposition voltage in the liquid phase.Microwave discharge plasma is regarded as having the advantage that electron density is high, spatial distribution is large always.But water is the absorber (dielectric constant is 80) that microwave is good, therefore, being difficult to form highfield in water also makes it produce microbubble, and the exciting of microwave liquid phase plasma, and is actually highfield and punctures bubble in water, and then formation electron avalanche, produce plasma.The method that people adopt usually reduces pressure to reactor and then reduces water saturation vapour pressure, makes water under atmospheric pressure easily produce bubble.Another kind method is that Xiang Shuizhong injects ultrasonic wave, utilizes supersonic cavity principle, makes to produce bubble in water.Above two kinds of methods all with the addition of extra equipment, add operating cost.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the present invention provides direct-coupling microwave liquid phase plasma generator and method under a kind of atmospheric pressure, solves in prior art and cannot under atmospheric pressure excite in liquid phase microwave plasma and the key issue of stable maintenance.
Liquid phase microwave plasma generating means of the present invention, comprising:
Reactor, inlet, exhaust outlet, microwave discharge electrode, rectangular waveguide, microwave generator; Described reactor is quartz material, ceramic material or its mixture, is directly coupled in the liquid of described inside reactor to make microwave through described rectangular waveguide;
Described reactor upper end is respectively arranged with described inlet and described exhaust outlet, described microwave discharge electrode is placed in position, institute's reactor axis, described reactor directly vertically runs through described rectangular waveguide, described rectangular waveguide is connected with described microwave generator, and sparking electrode all soaks in a liquid.Described reactor quartz ampoule is full of electric discharge liquid in waveguide region.
Further, described microwave discharge electrode can spiral up-down adjustment.
Further, described sparking electrode diameter is 2mm-6mm.
Further, described sparking electrode is platinum, tungsten, iron, nickel, copper, cerium or its alloy synthesized.
Further, described sparking electrode top is metal foot is ceramic complex.
Further, described reactor is the wherein a kind of of sudden change cylinder, cuboid, square and spheroid or its combination.
The present invention also provides direct-coupling microwave liquid phase plasma method for generation under a kind of atmospheric pressure, comprising:
Temperature is in the liquid injecting reactor of 20 DEG C-99 DEG C by liquid feeding pump;
Open microwave generator, microwave passes quartz reactor through rectangular waveguide, be directly coupled in liquid, discharge electrode tips forms microbubble, in microbubble, electronics accelerates and obtains higher energy under the effect of highfield, accelerated electronics and hydrone ionization by collision, cause bubble breakdown, and then formation electron avalanche develops into liquid phase plasma.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1, by the upper and lower spiral movement of electrode, by screw-in electric field firm for the tip of sparking electrode, avoid and depart from field center because of electrode strenuous vibration in discharge process, can simple and stable realize exciting of liquid phase microwave plasma; Cylinder saltant type quartz reactor designs, and both ensure that microwave plasma produced all the time in a liquid, and liquid plays again the effect of cooling electrode simultaneously, greatly slow down burning of electrode.
2, without the need to any pressure regulating equipment, under atmospheric conditions, directly activated plasma stable maintenance in the liquid phase, greatly reduces equipment operating cost and equipment volume
3, compared with conventional method, namely sparking electrode is utilized to import microwave energy into reactor as microwave transmitting antenna, microwave energy of the present invention is directly coupled in reactor by rectangular waveguide, greatly reduces microwave reflection loss and transmission transition loss, improves energy utilization efficiency.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, be briefly described to the accompanying drawing used required in embodiment or description of the prior art below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, other accompanying drawing can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is direct-coupling microwave liquid phase plasma generator structural representation under atmospheric pressure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is direct-coupling microwave liquid phase plasma method for generation flow chart under atmospheric pressure of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
101-reactor, 102-inlet, 103-exhaust outlet, 104-microwave discharge electrode, 105-rectangular waveguide, 106-microwave generator.
Embodiment
For making the object of the embodiment of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment is the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Fig. 1 is direct-coupling microwave liquid phase plasma generator structural representation under atmospheric pressure of the present invention, and as shown in Figure 1, the device of the present embodiment can comprise:
Reactor 101, inlet 102, exhaust outlet 103, microwave discharge electrode 104, rectangular waveguide 105, microwave generator 106.
Described reactor 101 runs through described rectangular waveguide 105 with directly vertical, ensure that microwave energy is directly coupled in the liquid of reactor, decreases microwave reflection loss and microwave transition loss, greatly improve capacity usage ratio.
Described reactor 101 upper end is respectively arranged with described inlet 102 and described exhaust outlet 103, and described microwave discharge electrode 105 is placed in position, described reactor 101 axis, and described rectangular waveguide is connected with described microwave generator 106.Sparking electrode all soaks in a liquid.Described reactor quartz ampoule is full of electric discharge liquid in waveguide region.Rectangular waveguide adopts the design of electric field reinforced structure that microwave energy is concentrated, and by suitably regulating microwave output power, achieves under atmospheric pressure and excites microwave plasma and stable maintenance in liquid phase.
Specifically, the reactor of this grading structure ensure that the space near microwave discharge eletrode tip is relatively little, and electric field is strengthened, and is easy to the vaporization of reactor localized liquid and activated plasma.Meanwhile, also ensure that there is enough large liquid storage space above this microwave discharge eletrode tip, launch in a liquid all the time to make plasma and maintain.
Further, described microwave discharge electrode can spiral up-down adjustment.By the microwave discharge electrode that can spirally move up and down, both ensure that electrode stability in the reactor, and achieved again eletrode tip optimal discharge position in the electric field, and dismounting is simply convenient to change electrode.The simplicity of design of this electrode realizes exciting of liquid phase microwave plasma easily.
Further, described sparking electrode is platinum, tungsten, iron, nickel, copper, cerium or its alloy synthesized.
Further, described sparking electrode is combined type insulation.
Specifically, the high-temperature insulation parts of the sparking electrode afterbody of combined type insulation avoid microwave lower portion transmitting in discharge process.
Further, described reactor is cylinder, reduces cylinder, cuboid, square or spheroid.Cylinder saltant type quartz reactor designs, and both ensure that microwave plasma produced all the time in a liquid, and liquid plays again the effect of cooling electrode simultaneously, greatly slow down burning of electrode.
Fig. 2 is direct-coupling microwave liquid phase plasma method for generation flow chart under atmospheric pressure of the present invention, and as shown in Figure 2, the present embodiment method, comprising:
Temperature is in the liquid injecting reactor of 20 DEG C-99 DEG C by step 101, liquid feeding pump;
Step 102, unlatching microwave generator, microwave passes quartz reactor through rectangular waveguide, be directly coupled in liquid, discharge electrode tips forms microbubble, in microbubble, electronics accelerates and obtains higher energy under the effect of highfield, accelerated electronics and hydrone ionization by collision, cause bubble breakdown, and then formation electron avalanche develops into liquid phase plasma.
Specifically, the liquid being first 20 DEG C-99 DEG C by temperature by liquid feeding pump enters in reactor with certain flow, and in the present embodiment, reactant liquor is pure water.Simultaneously by microwave discharge eletrode tip is moved to resonant cavity center; Rectangular waveguide is connected with microwave generator, microwave passes quartz reactor through rectangular waveguide, be directly coupled in liquid, along with the time of microwave increases, eletrode tip forms microbubble, and the electronics in microbubble accelerates and obtains higher energy, accelerated electronics and hydrone ionization by collision under the effect of highfield, cause bubble breakdown, and then formation electron avalanche develops into liquid phase plasma.
Microwave discharge electrode in the present embodiment liquid phase microwave plasma generating means is different from gas phase discharges electrode, is directly to contact with dense liquid all the time.Discharge in water does not need carrier gas, and directly electric discharge produces plasma in a liquid, and the reactivity materials such as the free radical of generation participate in reaction directly, do not need mass transport process, and by contrast, discharge in water plasma density is large.This device achieves under atmospheric pressure activated plasma stable maintenance in microwave liquid phase.
Last it is noted that above each embodiment is only in order to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention, be not intended to limit; Although with reference to foregoing embodiments to invention has been detailed description, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that: it still can be modified to the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments, or carries out equivalent replacement to wherein some or all of technical characteristic; And these amendments or replacement, do not make the essence of appropriate technical solution depart from the scope of various embodiments of the present invention technical scheme.
Claims (7)
1. a direct-coupling microwave liquid phase plasma generator under atmospheric pressure, is characterized in that, comprising:
Reactor, inlet, exhaust outlet, microwave discharge electrode, rectangular waveguide, microwave generator; Described reactor is quartz material, ceramic material or its mixture, is directly coupled in the liquid of described inside reactor to make microwave through described rectangular waveguide;
Described reactor upper end is respectively arranged with described inlet and described exhaust outlet, described microwave discharge electrode is placed in position, described reactor axis, described reactor directly vertically runs through described rectangular waveguide, described rectangular waveguide is connected with described microwave generator, and sparking electrode all soaks in a liquid.Described reactor quartz ampoule is full of electric discharge liquid in waveguide region.
2. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described microwave discharge electrode can spiral up-down adjustment.
3. device according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described sparking electrode diameter is 2mm-6mm.
4. device according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described sparking electrode is platinum, tungsten, iron, nickel, copper, cerium or its alloy synthesized.
5. device according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described sparking electrode is metal and ceramic combined type mixture.
6. device according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described reactor is the wherein a kind of of sudden change cylinder, cuboid, square and spheroid or its combination.
7. a direct-coupling microwave liquid phase plasma method for generation under atmospheric pressure, is characterized in that, comprising:
Temperature is in the liquid injecting reactor of 20 DEG C-99 DEG C by liquid feeding pump;
Open microwave generator, microwave passes quartz reactor through rectangular waveguide, be directly coupled in liquid, discharge electrode tips forms microbubble, in microbubble, electronics accelerates and obtains higher energy under the effect of highfield, accelerated electronics and hydrone ionization by collision, cause bubble breakdown, and then formation electron avalanche develops into liquid phase plasma.
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Cited By (3)
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| CN113104927A (en) * | 2021-03-29 | 2021-07-13 | 成都科衡环保技术有限公司 | Treatment device and treatment method for high-salt-content refractory organic wastewater |
| CN113121070A (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2021-07-16 | 沈阳农业大学 | Microwave liquid phase discharge-biological aerated filter coupling device and use method |
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| CN105430860B (en) | 2018-03-20 |
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