CN105429194A - Series-connected lead acid battery pack equalization circuit and application thereof - Google Patents
Series-connected lead acid battery pack equalization circuit and application thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105429194A CN105429194A CN201510653331.XA CN201510653331A CN105429194A CN 105429194 A CN105429194 A CN 105429194A CN 201510653331 A CN201510653331 A CN 201510653331A CN 105429194 A CN105429194 A CN 105429194A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- series
- battery pack
- voltage
- battery
- series connection
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Landscapes
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
According to a chargeable series-connected lead acid battery pack, the cost is low, the cost performance is high, safety and reliability are realized, and the chargeable series-connected lead acid battery pack can be widely applied to electric bicycles, electric automobiles, communication, portable tools, aerospace, solar energy, wind-power generation, and various energy storage apparatuses. The main reasons of the damage to the series-connected lead acid battery pack are overcharge and over-discharge caused by inconsistent and imbalanced characteristics of batteries in the battery pack. The invention relates to a series-connected storage battery pack active equalization circuit. Specifically, a double-PWM-drive application specific integrated circuit is employed to generate square waves with the phase difference of 180 degrees to control two groups of complementary field effect transistors MOSFET and switch one group of electrolytic capacitors connected to each battery of the series-connected storage battery pack in parallel, charge and discharge are continuously performed in a circulating manner, electric energy is transferred from the battery with high voltage to the battery with low voltage, and the equalization goal of consistent voltage is finally achieved. It is proved via practice that the protection circuit is simple, single-chip microcomputer data acquisition topology with complicated control is not employed, the power consumption is low, the cost is low, the equalization efficiency is high, the work is stable and reliable, the performance is excellent, and the effect is good in practical usage.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of series connection lead-acid batteries active equalization circuit.Particularly, the square wave that the present invention uses a kind of couple of PWM to drive application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) to produce phase difference 180 degree controls two groups of complementary field effect pipe switch mosfets, switching one group of electrolytic capacitor is connected in parallel on each battery of series-connected batteries, constantly move in circles and carry out discharge and recharge, thus the battery realizing making voltage high is to the low battery transfer electrical energy of voltage, finally reaches the balanced object that voltage is consistent.The invention belongs to lead-acid battery power technology and electric motor car application association area.
Background technology
Chargeable series connection lead-acid batteries cost is low, and cost performance is high, safe and reliable, is widely used in electric bicycle, electric automobile, communication, portable dam, Aero-Space, solar energy, wind power generation and various energy storage device.Monomer chargeable storage voltage is generally 12 volts, and the voltage of electrokinetic cell generally needs tens volts even higher, therefore needs many cells to be cascaded use.The series connection of a large amount of battery uses, due to each cell capacity in charge and discharge process, and internal resistance, the deviation of temperature, be easy to cause the unanimously unbalanced of each cell voltage, the lighter causes decline and the rapid decay of battery capacity, and severe one causes battery pack blast on fire.Generally, series connection lead-acid batteries to be less than at most just to have gone wrong useful life for 2 years at least half a year, and the useful life of storage battery is short, and cost is high becomes maximum problem.
According to the research of Japanese MGP society, it is so-called " dehydration " and " sulfuration " that series connection lead-acid batteries damages more than 90% reason, and this is in fact because each battery behavior in battery pack is inconsistent, the unbalanced overcharge that causes and overdischarge problem.Any one piece of GB storage battery discharge and recharge can maintain 80% capacity more than 300 times in theory, in fact the life-span of series battery sometimes connect monomer storage battery one half-life less than, one piece of battery has been broken whole Battery pack and just can not have been used, this is because general series connection lead-acid batteries charging-discharging controller only detects the global voltage of battery pack to prevent super-charge super-discharge.But in series connection storage battery, although identical by the electric current of monomer storage battery, but due to its capacity, internal resistance can not be identical with remaining capacity, the discharge and recharge degree of depth of storage battery also can be different, federation capacious charge less owes to put, and federation's super-charge super-discharge that capacity is little, this just causes, and decay capacious is slow, the life-span is long, the decay quickening that capacity is little, the lost of life, along with discharge and recharge number of times increases, vicious circle, difference can be increasing, and final low capacity storage battery can lose efficacy very soon thus cause battery pack premature failure.
The generation of the overcharge caused in order to avoid above-mentioned cell voltage is unbalanced and overdischarge phenomenon, the various methods and measures such as people take as selected cell capacity, the battery composition battery pack that internal resistance difference is little.But nonetheless, due to the repeated charge of battery pack, cell capacity, internal resistance difference can build up to be increased and becomes unbalanced, definitely consistent battery is non-existent, so how to keep the equilibrium in use of series connection lead-acid batteries unanimously to seem especially important.
The square wave that a kind of lead-acid batteries active equalization circuit of connecting of the present invention uses a kind of couple of PWM to drive application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) to produce phase difference 180 degree controls two groups of complementary field effect pipe MOSFET, switching one group of electrolytic capacitor is connected in parallel on each battery of series-connected batteries, constantly move in circles and carry out discharge and recharge, thus the battery realizing making voltage high is toward the low battery transfer electrical energy of voltage, finally reaches the balanced object that voltage is consistent.Facts have proved that protective circuit simply, does not use and control complicated single-chip data acquisition topology, little power consumption, cost is low, and equalization efficiency is high, and working stability is reliable, and function admirable is respond well in actual use.
Summary of the invention
In order to avoid using the complex scenario of the single-chip data acquisition each monomer battery voltage of topology measurement series battery and then control equalizing circuit, the square wave that series connection lead-acid batteries active equalization circuit of the present invention uses a kind of couple of PWM to drive application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) to produce phase difference 180 degree controls two groups of complementary field effect pipe MOSFET, switch one group of electrolytic capacitor, constantly move in circles to be connected in parallel on each battery of series-connected batteries and carry out discharge and recharge, thus the battery realizing making voltage high is toward the low battery transfer electrical energy of voltage, finally reach the balanced object that voltage is consistent.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention as shown in Figure 1, is applicable to N number of series connection lead acid accumulator power supply, each storage battery nominal voltage 12V but be not limited to 12V.
Circuit by storage battery BAT1 to BATn, field effect transistor FET1 to FET4n, two PWM drive integrated circult U1, and electric capacity CC1 to C2n-2 network form.
Fig. 1 is principle of the invention figure
The equalizing circuit course of work is as follows.
Two PWM drive integrated circult U1 produces square wave E1 and E2 of two row frequency 1KHz to 50KHz phase difference 180 degree, drives P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) pipe FET3 respectively, FET4 by diode D1 to D4n, FET7, FET8, FET11, FET12 to FET4n-1, FET4n and N channel field-effect pipe FET1, FET2, FET5, FET6, FET9, FET10 to FET4n-3, FET4n-2.Due to square wave E1 and E2 phase difference 180 degree, P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) pipe FET3, FET4, FET7, FET8, FET11, FET12 to FET4n-1, during FET4n conducting, N channel field-effect pipe FET1, FET2, FET5, FET6, FET9, FET10 to FET4n-3, FET4n-2 then turns off, now capacitance network CC1, CC2, CC3, CC4, CC5, CC6 to CC2n-3, CC2n-2 respectively and the two ends being connected in storage battery BAT2 to BATn are charged to the voltage of storage battery, i.e. CC1, the voltage of CC2 equals the voltage of storage battery BAT2, CC3, the voltage of CC4 equals the voltage of storage battery BAT3, CC5, the voltage of CC6 equals the voltage of storage battery BAT4, CC2n-3, the voltage of CC2n-2 equals the voltage of storage battery BATn, otherwise P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) pipe FET3, FET4, FET7, FET8, FET11, FET12 to FET4n-1, when FET4n turns off, N channel field-effect pipe FET1, FET2, FET5, FET6, FET9, FET10 to FET4n-3, FET4n-2 be conducting then, now capacitance network CC1, CC2, CC3, CC4, CC5, CC6 to CC2n-3, CC2n-2 are respectively and be connected in the two ends of storage battery BAT1 to BATn-1, if CC1, the voltage of CC2 is greater than the voltage of BAT1, then CC1, CC2 charge to BAT1, be equivalent to BAT2 to charge to BAT1, otherwise BAT1 charges to BAT2.For BAT3 and BAT4, BAT4 and BAT5, BATn-1 and BATn, in like manner as the same, that is: two adjacent storage batterys, as long as voltage is higher, by the intermediary of electric capacity, its electricity shifts to the storage battery that voltage is lower, week like this and back and forth, the battery voltage making all voltage high reduces, and the battery voltage that voltage is low raises, and reaches the object of storage battery equilibrium.
Because the charge/discharge rates of electric capacity is fast, efficiency is high, and series connection lead-acid batteries active equalization circuit of the present invention can reach very large euqalizing current (several amperes to several 10 amperes) and very high equalization efficiency (90% to 98%).Adopt symmetrical circuit structure, euqalizing current can be made double.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 1 and embodiment, invention is further illustrated.
In Fig. 1, BAT1, BAT2, BAT3, BAT4 are the 12V20Ah storage battery of 4 joint series connection, and MOSFET1-16 is small-power field effect transistor, and maximum current 10A, U1 frequency is decided to be 10KHz, and CC1-CC12 is 1000uF.When above circuit parameter, the balanced basic parameter that can reach is as follows.
Voltage: 4 pieces, 48V(12V storage battery)
Maximum euqalizing current: 4.5A
Time for balance: <6h
Quiescent current: <18mA
Size: the thick 15mm of the wide 40mm of long 85mm.
Claims (5)
1. a series connection lead-acid batteries active equalization circuit, particularly, the square wave that the present invention uses a kind of pair of PWM drive integrated circult to produce phase difference 180 degree controls two groups of field effect transistor switch mosfets, switching one group of electrolytic capacitor is connected in parallel on each battery of series-connected batteries, constantly move in circles and carry out discharge and recharge, thus the battery realizing making voltage high is toward the low battery transfer electrical energy of voltage, finally reaches the balanced object that voltage is consistent.
2. one series connection lead-acid batteries active equalization circuit according to claim 1, its drive integrated circult is a kind of integrated circuit producing two PWM square wave, and two waveform phase differences are 180 degree.
3. one series connection lead-acid batteries active equalization circuit according to claim 1, its side's of driving wave frequency is 1-40KHZ.
4. one series connection lead-acid batteries active equalization circuit according to claim 1, two groups of field effect transistor MOSFET are respectively P type and N-type complementary effect pipe.
5. one series connection lead-acid batteries active equalization circuit according to claim 1, in order to increase euqalizing current, adopting symmetrical circuit structure, making euqalizing current double.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510653331.XA CN105429194A (en) | 2015-10-12 | 2015-10-12 | Series-connected lead acid battery pack equalization circuit and application thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510653331.XA CN105429194A (en) | 2015-10-12 | 2015-10-12 | Series-connected lead acid battery pack equalization circuit and application thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105429194A true CN105429194A (en) | 2016-03-23 |
Family
ID=55507208
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510653331.XA Pending CN105429194A (en) | 2015-10-12 | 2015-10-12 | Series-connected lead acid battery pack equalization circuit and application thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN105429194A (en) |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2005031943A1 (en) * | 2003-09-29 | 2005-04-07 | Thales | Module for transferring charges between two dipoles |
| CN102064568A (en) * | 2010-10-11 | 2011-05-18 | 中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所 | Active equalizing and protecting system of stackable series-connected lithium battery |
| CN102064569A (en) * | 2010-10-11 | 2011-05-18 | 中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所 | Vehicle lithium battery pack equalizing circuit using super capacitor |
| CN203774812U (en) * | 2013-12-23 | 2014-08-13 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Battery equalization circuit using flying capacitor method |
-
2015
- 2015-10-12 CN CN201510653331.XA patent/CN105429194A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2005031943A1 (en) * | 2003-09-29 | 2005-04-07 | Thales | Module for transferring charges between two dipoles |
| CN102064568A (en) * | 2010-10-11 | 2011-05-18 | 中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所 | Active equalizing and protecting system of stackable series-connected lithium battery |
| CN102064569A (en) * | 2010-10-11 | 2011-05-18 | 中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所 | Vehicle lithium battery pack equalizing circuit using super capacitor |
| CN203774812U (en) * | 2013-12-23 | 2014-08-13 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Battery equalization circuit using flying capacitor method |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN105140978B (en) | Flexible battery management system | |
| CN201478865U (en) | Improved charging balanced circuit | |
| CN100570945C (en) | Electric vehicle rechargeable battery bag | |
| CN201122645Y (en) | Battery bag with dynamic equilibrium charging protection function | |
| CN101800344A (en) | Charge method of lithium ion power storage battery | |
| Raghavendra et al. | Solar charge controller for lithium-ion battery | |
| CN203589787U (en) | Equalization circuit for lithium battery pack | |
| CN102201682A (en) | Battery management system | |
| CN104505920A (en) | Incremental equalizing charge battery pack charging device | |
| CN201623235U (en) | Charging state equalizing circuit of power lithium ion batteries | |
| CN104283276A (en) | Novel lithium battery pack protective plate | |
| CN103178586A (en) | Equalizing charge manager of lithium ion battery pack for spacecraft | |
| CN105429194A (en) | Series-connected lead acid battery pack equalization circuit and application thereof | |
| CN104917255A (en) | Equalizing charge and discharge and protection circuit for battery pack | |
| CN202948992U (en) | Parallel-connection change-over switch of lithium-ion battery packs | |
| CN104242395A (en) | Active equalization circuit and equalization method of series batteries of single transformer | |
| CN104410117A (en) | Topological circuit of charging and discharging equalizer for novel storage battery set and control method thereof | |
| CN201435433Y (en) | Lithium iron phosphate battery charging device | |
| CN204349478U (en) | A kind of novel batteries charge and discharge balancing device topological circuit | |
| CN202633420U (en) | Storage battery with single-lattice protection function and connecting structure thereof | |
| CN202513598U (en) | Energy transfer type battery equalizer | |
| CN105207575A (en) | Hybrid energy storage device | |
| Zhang et al. | Research on Series-Parallel Connection Switching Charging Method for Lithium Battery of Autonomous Underwater Vehicles | |
| CN204481500U (en) | A kind of battery pack charging device of increment type equalizing charge | |
| CN206077042U (en) | A kind of car emergency startup power supply |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20160323 |
|
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |