CN105425290A - Pre-stack time migration method and device - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a pre-stack time migration (PSTM) method and device. The method comprises: obtaining the common-mid points and common-mid point trace gathers of imaging points in a migration aperture scope from earthquake data; calculating the travel time of a recording channel at the imaging points according to the earthquake data of the recording channel in the common-mid point trace gathers; extracting the amplitude value of the recording channel in the travel time; and calculating the amplitude mean value of the common-mid points according to the amplitude value, and using the amplitude mean value as the migration amplitude of the imaging points. According to the technical scheme, the method and device can calculate the migration amplitude at practical positions of the imaging points, thereby avoiding travel path calculation errors caused by correcting the earthquake data to a unified reference surface, and improving PSTM imaging efficiency and imaging quality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to seismic imaging processing technology field, particularly relate to a kind of pre-stack time migration method and device.
Background technology
Pre-stack time migration as the important means of engineering construction system and velocity analysis, can be widely used in the Prestack Migration Technology of petroleum prospecting.Pre-stack time migration has higher imaging precision and lower assessing the cost, and from oil company's angle, pre-stack time migration can improve oil development benefit, reduces exploratory development risk.
Usually integral method is adopted to calculate pre-stack time migration in prior art, mainly comprise two steps: the first step is according to when the travel routes of seismic event is asked away in recording channel, second step be according to described walk time ask for the seismic wave energy sum of all recording channels, more described seismic wave energy sum to be transferred on imaging point.Consider from above-mentioned two steps, affect the calculation procedure mainly first step of pre-stack time migration precision, namely during the walking of calculating seismic event.The precision of root-mean-square velocity at quoted imaging point place and the degree of closeness of the travel routes of seismic event and seismic event real travel path is depended primarily on during the walking of seismic event.When usually adopting direct rays to walk in prior art, computing method asks for walking of seismic event, when described direct rays are walked, computing method is based on uniform level reference field, namely geological data and velocity field can be corrected in uniform reference surface.But, cause error often to the precision of velocity analysis and the travel routes of seismic event by earth's surface to the correction of uniform level reference field, and then when causing away and velocity error, have impact on the precision of imaging.Especially for the correction of relief surface, the correcting value often needed is comparatively large, and the degree affecting imaging precision is also larger.
Utilize integral method to calculate pre-stack time migration in prior art to need to be corrected on earth's surface on uniform level reference field, when causing away and velocity error, affect the precision of imaging, therefore, prior art needs the higher prestack time migration method of a kind of imaging precision badly.
Summary of the invention
The object of the application is the method and the device that provide a kind of pre-stack time migration, can improve the imaging precision of pre-stack time migration.
The method of a kind of pre-stack time migration that the application provides and device are specifically achieved in that
A method for pre-stack time migration, described method comprises:
The common midpoint of imaging point within the scope of migration aperture and common midpoint gather is obtained from geological data;
The whilst on tour of described recording channel at described imaging point place is calculated according to the geological data of recording channel in described common midpoint gather;
Extract the amplitude that described recording channel is corresponding at described whilst on tour place;
The mean value of amplitude of described common midpoint is calculated, using the amplitude of deflection of described mean value of amplitude as described imaging point according to described amplitude.
Optionally, in one embodiment of the invention, the geological data of described recording channel comprises:
The coordinate of shot point, geophone station, imaging point, earth's surface elevation;
Imaging point is to the one way vertical time on earth's surface;
The speed at imaging point place.
Optionally, in one embodiment of the invention, the described recording channel of described calculating comprises following formula in the computing formula of the whilst on tour at described imaging point place:
In formula, T
ijfor the whilst on tour of a jth recording channel at imaging point place in described imaging point i-th common midpoint gather; T is the one way vertical time of imaging point to earth's surface, and v is the speed at imaging point place; Eleve
cmpijsit is the ground elevation of a jth recording channel shot point in i-th common midpoint gather; Eleve
cmpijrit is the ground elevation of a jth recording channel geophone station in i-th common midpoint gather; Eleve
crpit can be the earth's surface elevation at imaging point place; X
ijsbe in i-th common midpoint gather a jth recording channel shot point to the horizontal range of imaging point; X
ijrbe in i-th common midpoint gather a jth recording channel geophone station to the horizontal range of imaging point.
Optionally, in one embodiment of the invention, before the common midpoint obtaining imaging point described from geological data and common midpoint gather, also comprise:
Set up recording geometry, define the parameter of described recording geometry, described parameter comprises: mesh spacing, big gun distance between centers of tracks, minimum geophone offset, maximum offset;
According to described recording geometry acquiring seismic data.
Optionally, in one embodiment of the invention, the scope of the size of described migration aperture comprises: the size of described migration aperture is the twice of described maximum offset.
A device for pre-stack time migration, described device comprises:
Road collection acquiring unit, for obtaining the common midpoint of imaging point within the scope of migration aperture and common midpoint gather from geological data;
Whilst on tour computing unit, for calculating the whilst on tour of described recording channel at described imaging point place according to the geological data of recording channel in described common midpoint gather;
Amplitude extraction unit, for extracting the described recording channel amplitude corresponding at described whilst on tour place;
Amplitude of deflection acquiring unit, for calculating the mean value of amplitude of described common midpoint according to described amplitude, using the amplitude of deflection of described mean value of amplitude as described imaging point.
Optionally, in one embodiment of the invention, the geological data of described recording channel comprises:
The coordinate of shot point, geophone station, imaging point, earth's surface elevation;
Imaging point is to the one way vertical time on earth's surface;
The speed at imaging point place.
Optionally, in one embodiment of the invention, the described recording channel of described calculating comprises following formula in the computing formula of the whilst on tour at described imaging point place:
In formula, T
ijfor the whilst on tour of a jth recording channel at imaging point place in described imaging point i-th common midpoint gather; T is the one way vertical time of imaging point to earth's surface, and v is the speed at imaging point place; Eleve
cmpijsit is the ground elevation of a jth recording channel shot point in i-th common midpoint gather; Eleve
cmpijrit is the ground elevation of a jth recording channel geophone station in i-th common midpoint gather; Eleve
crpfor the earth's surface elevation at imaging point place; X
ijsbe in i-th common midpoint gather a jth recording channel shot point to the horizontal range of imaging point; X
ijrbe in i-th common midpoint gather a jth recording channel geophone station to the horizontal range of imaging point.
Optionally, in one embodiment of the invention, described device also comprises:
Recording geometry sets up unit, and for setting up recording geometry, define the parameter of described recording geometry, described parameter comprises: mesh spacing, big gun distance between centers of tracks, minimum geophone offset, maximum offset;
Seismic data acquisition unit, for according to described recording geometry acquiring seismic data.
Optionally, in one embodiment of the invention, the scope of the size of described migration aperture comprises: the size of described migration aperture is the twice of described maximum offset.
As can be seen here, the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present application is by calculating amplitude of deflection by the physical location from imaging point, avoid the error of the calculating travel routes that seismic data corrections to uniform reference surface is brought, improve imaging efficiency and the image quality of pre-stack time migration.Described method and device are also for the data process such as geologic interpretation, tectonic structure one-tenth figure, Depth Domain geologic model, initial depth territory velocity field, depth shift of follow-up such as time domain provides accuracy reliable imaging data.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present application or technical scheme of the prior art, be briefly described to the accompanying drawing used required in embodiment or description of the prior art below, apparently, the accompanying drawing that the following describes is only some embodiments recorded in the application, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, other accompanying drawing can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the method flow diagram of a kind of embodiment of the method for pre-stack time migration provided by the invention;
Fig. 2 is that provided by the invention examining when walking of pre-stack time migration is carried out in position from big gun is schemed;
Fig. 3 is the theoretical model of pre-stack time migration provided by the invention;
Fig. 4 adopts prestack depth migration method to offset the result obtained to theoretical model in application scenarios of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the migration result adopting embodiment method to obtain in application scenarios of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the modular structure schematic diagram of a kind of embodiment of pre-stack time migration device provided by the invention.
Embodiment
Technical scheme in the application is understood better in order to make those skilled in the art person, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present application, technical scheme in the embodiment of the present application is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment is only some embodiments of the present application, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the application, those of ordinary skill in the art are not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, all should belong to the scope of the application's protection.
As the above analysis, cause error often to the precision of velocity analysis and the travel routes of seismic event by earth's surface to the correction of uniform level reference field, if the actual position of examining from big gun carries out pre-stack time migration and will save the step of correction, the error brought due to correction can be reduced in theory.Fig. 1 is the method flow diagram of a kind of embodiment of prestack time migration method provided by the invention, said method comprising the steps of:
Step S1: obtain the common midpoint of imaging point within the scope of migration aperture and common midpoint gather from geological data.
By exciting artificial earthquake can collect a large amount of geological datas, described geological data contains abundant formation information.In the gatherer process of reality, due to the restriction of economy and geographic factor, the geological data collected is limited often, the formation information shown intuitively on a large scale by limited geological data needs to obtain grid geological data to earthquake sample data as space interpolation, the log sheet such as generated, isogram etc. usually.An imaging point can be chosen in the optional position of described log sheet, the migration aperture scope of described imaging point can be determined according to the inclination angle on maximum offset, stratum, described imaging point place or the degree of depth.In one embodiment of the invention, it is the square area of half length of side that described migration aperture scope can comprise centered by described imaging point, with migration aperture, or is the border circular areas of radius centered by described imaging point, with migration aperture.So, comprise the grid geological data of at least one within the scope of described migration aperture, can choose common midpoint from described grid geological data, described migration aperture scope can comprise one or more common midpoint.Concentrated by different big gun the recording channel (also referred to as seismic trace) having described common midpoint to extract, the common midpoint gather of described common midpoint can be formed.
In one embodiment of the present of invention, before the common midpoint obtaining imaging point described from geological data and common midpoint gather, further comprising the steps of:
Step SS1: set up recording geometry, defines the parameter of described recording geometry, and described parameter comprises: mesh spacing, perpendicular offset from, minimum geophone offset, maximum offset.
The correctness of described recording geometry directly can affect the acquisition quality of geological data, the precision of data process.The parameter defining described recording geometry can set up suitable recording geometry, and described parameter comprises: mesh spacing, big gun distance between centers of tracks, minimum geophone offset.In one embodiment of the invention, the mesh spacing chosen is of moderate size, and in recording geometry of the present invention, described mesh spacing can comprise 10m × 10m; Described big gun distance between centers of tracks can represent the distance of shot point line rolls forward, and in recording geometry of the present invention, described big gun distance between centers of tracks can comprise 80 meters to 100 meters; Larger geophone offset can suppress interference wave, but excessive geophone offset can unnecessarily depressor reflex ripple, and in recording geometry of the present invention, described minimum geophone offset and maximum offset can rule of thumb gained.
The relation of described migration aperture and described maximum offset is comparatively close, and in one embodiment of the invention, the scope of the size of described migration aperture can comprise: the size of described migration aperture can be the twice of described maximum offset.
Step SS2: according to described recording geometry acquiring seismic data.
Obtain the common midpoint of imaging point within the scope of migration aperture and common midpoint gather in geological data after gridding, the pre-stack time migration for described imaging point provides necessary data basis.Before acquisition geological data, define recording geometry accurately, be conducive to improving the acquisition quality of geological data and the processing accuracy of data information.
Step S2: calculate the whilst on tour of described recording channel at described imaging point place according to the geological data of recording channel in described common midpoint gather.
Common midpoint gather in the present invention at least comprises a recording channel, described recording channel comprises the path from shot point to common midpoint and the path from common midpoint to geophone station, can calculate the whilst on tour of described recording channel at described imaging point place according to the geological data of recording channel.The geological data of the recording channel in the present invention can comprise: the coordinate of shot point, geophone station, imaging point and earth's surface elevation; Imaging point is to the one way vertical time on earth's surface; The speed at imaging point place.The described recording channel of described calculating comprises following formula (1) in the computing formula of the whilst on tour at described imaging point place:
In formula, T
ijcan be the whilst on tour of a jth recording channel at imaging point place in described imaging point i-th common midpoint gather; T can for imaging point be to the one way vertical time on earth's surface, and v can be the speed at imaging point place; Eleve
cmpijsit can be the ground elevation of a jth recording channel shot point in i-th common midpoint gather; Eleve
cmpijrit can be the ground elevation of a jth recording channel geophone station in i-th common midpoint gather; Eleve
crpit can be the earth's surface elevation at imaging point place; X
ijscan be in i-th common midpoint gather a jth recording channel shot point to the horizontal range of imaging point; X
ijrcan be in i-th common midpoint gather a jth recording channel geophone station to the horizontal range of imaging point.
Following formula (2) be in prior art by cautious for big gun be corrected to uniform level reference field from actual position after, utilize straight-line method to calculate the computing formula of recording channel to imaging point whilst on tour:
In formula, t
ican for seismic event walking from shot point to imaging point and from imaging point to acceptance point time, t can be the one way vertical time of imaging point, and v (t) can be the pre-stack time migration speed of imaging point, x
1can be the horizontal range of shot point to imaging point, x
2can be the horizontal range of geophone station to imaging point.Contrast (1) and formula (2), can add a correcting value relative to formula (2) on the one way vertical time of imaging point by discoverable type (1), described correcting value is different to the difference of the elevation of bottom surface with shot point, geophone station, imaging point.Therefore, formula (1) relative type motor (2) how three parameter Elevecmp
ijs, Elevecmp
ijr, Eleve
crp, described three parameters can be embodied as picture point and participate in the shot point of imaging, the relation of geophone station actual position, can realize the analysis from examining the pre-stack time migration that actual position is reference field with big gun.
Illustrate, Fig. 2 is that provided by the invention examining when walking of pre-stack time migration is carried out in position from big gun is schemed.As shown in Figure 2, CMP1, CMP2 can be with P be imaging point migration aperture within the scope of two common midpoint gather, S1, R1 can be a recording channel in CMP1, S2, R2 can be a recording channel in CMP2, wherein, S1, S2 can be sp location, and R1, R2 can be geophone station position.Crp can be that imaging point P is examining actual position for the projection on reference field with big gun, and t, v can be that the earth's surface elevation of S1, R1, S2, R2, Crp is respectively Eleve from examining actual position with big gun for reference field is to single way time of imaging point and speed respectively
cmp11s, Eleve
cmp11r, Eleve
cmp22s, Eleve
cmp22r, Eleve
crp.X
1s, X
1r, X
2s, X2r is respectively the horizontal range of imaging point P and S1, R1, S2, R2, cross S1 and make horizontal line and line segment P-Crp extended line meets at P1, cross R1, S2, R2 and make horizontal line and line segment P-P1 meets at P2, P3, P4 respectively, S1, R1 are T1 to sum during the walking of imaging point P, S2, R2 are T2 to sum during the walking of imaging point P, and so the computing formula of T1, T2 is respectively as shown in the formula shown in (3), (4):
Step S3: extract the amplitude that described recording channel is corresponding at described whilst on tour place.
For formula (1), described recording channel is at the whilst on tour T at described imaging point place
ijafter, a jth recording channel of i-th common midpoint gather within the scope of imaging point migration aperture can be extracted at whilst on tour T
ijcorresponding sample value, obtains the amplitude of described sample value, so far can complete the skew of a jth recording channel of i-th common midpoint.
Step S4: the mean value of amplitude calculating described common midpoint gather according to described amplitude, using the amplitude of deflection of described mean value of amplitude as described imaging point.
Suppose A
ijbe the amplitude of deflection value of a jth recording channel of i-th common midpoint gather, the mean value of amplitude of so described common midpoint gather can be expressed as following formula (5):
In formula (5), A
pcan represent the mean value of amplitude of common midpoint gather, M can represent the number of common midpoint or common midpoint gather, and N can represent the number of recording channel in i-th common midpoint gather.Can by the mean value of amplitude A of described common midpoint gather
pas the amplitude of deflection of described imaging point.
Apply described prestack time migration method below by a concrete scene, Fig. 3 is the theoretical model of pre-stack time migration provided by the invention.As shown in Figure 3, reference field is positioned in X-axis, the position curve that big gun is examined is z=x+800, the stratigraphic dip of described position curve is α=45 degree, cmp1 and cmp2 is two common midpoints in migration aperture, and imaging point is Crp, imaging point is projected as P point on ground, the distance of Crp and P point is 3000 meters, and t0 is that the one way on imaging point Crp and ground blows the time, and v0 is the speed at imaging point Crp place.From common midpoint cmp1, extract a recording channel S1R1, from common midpoint cmp2, extract a recording channel S2R2, the supplemental characteristic of these two recording channels is as shown in table 1 below.
The parametric data table of table 1 common midpoint and imaging point
According to the supplemental characteristic of table 1, the formula (1) in the application embodiment of the present invention, is calculated to be the whilst on tour at picture point place, and contrasts with the calculated results, and comparing result is as shown in table 2.Can find, the whilst on tour at imaging point place adopting formula (1) to calculate and coming to the same thing of theory calculate, therefore, the whilst on tour precision being calculated to be picture point in the embodiment of the present invention is higher.
Table 2 embodiment of the present invention method is calculated to be the Comparative result table of picture point place whilst on tour and theoretical whilst on tour
Described prestack time migration method is applied below by another concrete scene, the position curve that the big gun of certain work area theoretical model is cautious is z=-0.28x+2500, the scope obtaining common midpoint according to migration aperture scope can comprise 120 meters to 678 meters, and the spacing of common midpoint can be 25 meters.The stratum in this work area can be uniform dielectric, and medium velocity is 3000m/s.Fig. 4 adopts prestack depth migration method to offset the result obtained to theoretical model in application scenarios of the present invention, and Fig. 5 is the migration result adopting embodiment method to obtain in application scenarios of the present invention.The imaging results obtained due to prestack depth migration method can represent real geologic body, by finding the contrast of Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, prestack depth migration method offsets the result that the result that obtains and the embodiment of the present invention obtain and matches, the accuracy of further proved application imaging precision.
The present invention also provides a kind of device of pre-stack time migration on the other hand, Fig. 6 is the modular structure schematic diagram of a kind of embodiment of pre-stack time migration device provided by the invention, by reference to the accompanying drawings 6, device 60 can comprise: road collection acquiring unit 61, whilst on tour computing unit 62, amplitude extraction unit 63, amplitude of deflection acquiring unit 64, wherein
Road collection acquiring unit 61, for obtaining the common midpoint of imaging point within the scope of migration aperture and common midpoint gather from geological data.
Whilst on tour computing unit 62, for calculating the whilst on tour of described recording channel at described imaging point place according to the geological data of recording channel in described common midpoint gather.
Amplitude extraction unit 63, for extracting the described recording channel amplitude corresponding at described whilst on tour place.
Amplitude of deflection acquiring unit 64, for calculating the mean value of amplitude of described common midpoint according to described amplitude, using the amplitude of deflection of described mean value of amplitude as described imaging point.
As shown in Figure 6, described device can also comprise: recording geometry sets up unit 65 and seismic data acquisition unit 66, wherein,
Recording geometry sets up unit 65, and for setting up recording geometry, define the parameter of described recording geometry, described parameter comprises: mesh spacing, big gun distance between centers of tracks, minimum geophone offset, maximum offset.
Seismic data acquisition unit 66, for according to described recording geometry acquiring seismic data.
As can be seen here, the method of a kind of pre-stack time migration of the present invention and the technical scheme of device calculate amplitude of deflection by the physical location from imaging point, avoid the error of the calculating travel routes that seismic data corrections to uniform reference surface is brought, improve imaging efficiency and the image quality of pre-stack time migration.Described method and device are also for the data process such as geologic interpretation, tectonic structure one-tenth figure, Depth Domain geologic model, initial depth territory velocity field, depth shift of follow-up such as time domain provides accuracy reliable imaging data.
Although this application provides the method operation steps as described in embodiment or process flow diagram, based on conventional or more or less operation steps can be comprised without performing creative labour.The sequence of steps enumerated in embodiment is only a kind of mode in numerous step execution sequence, does not represent unique execution sequence.When device in practice or client production perform, can perform or executed in parallel (environment of such as parallel processor or multiple threads) according to embodiment or method shown in the drawings order.
The device that above-described embodiment is illustrated or module, specifically can be realized by computer chip or entity, or be realized by the product with certain function.For convenience of description, various module is divided into describe respectively with function when describing above device.The function of each module can be realized in same or multiple software and/or hardware when implementing the application.Certainly, also the module realizing certain function can be combined realization by multiple submodule or subelement.
Method described in the application, device or module can realize controller in computer readable program code mode and realize by any suitable mode, such as, controller can be taked such as microprocessor or processor and store the computer-readable medium of the computer readable program code (such as software or firmware) that can be performed by this (micro-) processor, logic gate, switch, special IC (ApplicationSpecificIntegratedCircuit, ASIC), the form of programmable logic controller (PLC) and embedding microcontroller, the example of controller includes but not limited to following microcontroller: ARC625D, AtmelAT91SAM, MicrochipPIC18F26K20 and SiliconeLabsC8051F320, Memory Controller can also be implemented as a part for the steering logic of storer.Those skilled in the art also know, except realizing except controller in pure computer readable program code mode, controller can be made to realize identical function with the form of logic gate, switch, special IC, programmable logic controller (PLC) and embedding microcontroller etc. by method step being carried out programming in logic completely.Therefore this controller can be considered to a kind of hardware component, and to the structure that also can be considered as the device realizing various function in hardware component that its inside comprises.Or even, the device being used for realizing various function can be considered as not only can be implementation method software module but also can be structure in hardware component.
Part of module in device described in the application can describe in the general context of computer executable instructions, such as program module.Usually, program module comprises the routine, program, object, assembly, data structure, class etc. that perform particular task or realize particular abstract data type.Also can put into practice the application in a distributed computing environment, in these distributed computing environment, be executed the task by the remote processing devices be connected by communication network.In a distributed computing environment, program module can be arranged in the local and remote computer-readable storage medium comprising memory device.
As seen through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can be well understood to the mode that the application can add required hardware by software and realizes.Based on such understanding, the technical scheme of the application can embody with the form of software product the part that prior art contributes in essence in other words, also can by embodying in the implementation process of Data Migration.This computer software product can be stored in storage medium, as ROM/RAM, magnetic disc, CD etc., comprising some instructions in order to make a computer equipment (can be personal computer, mobile terminal, server, or the network equipment etc.) perform the method described in some part of each embodiment of the application or embodiment.
Each embodiment in this instructions adopts the mode of going forward one by one to describe, between each embodiment same or analogous part mutually see, what each embodiment stressed is the difference with other embodiments.The application can be used in numerous general or special purpose computing system environments or configuration in whole or in part.Such as: personal computer, server computer, handheld device or portable set, laptop device, mobile communication terminal, multicomputer system, the system based on microprocessor, programmable electronic equipment, network PC, small-size computer, mainframe computer, the distributed computing environment comprising above any system or equipment etc.
Although depict the application by embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art know, the application has many distortion and change and do not depart from the spirit of the application, and the claim appended by wishing comprises these distortion and change and do not depart from the spirit of the application.
Claims (10)
1. a method for pre-stack time migration, is characterized in that, described method comprises:
The common midpoint of imaging point within the scope of migration aperture and common midpoint gather is obtained from geological data;
The whilst on tour of described recording channel at described imaging point place is calculated according to the geological data of recording channel in described common midpoint gather;
Extract the amplitude that described recording channel is corresponding at described whilst on tour place;
The mean value of amplitude of described common midpoint is calculated, using the amplitude of deflection of described mean value of amplitude as described imaging point according to described amplitude.
2. the method for a kind of pre-stack time migration according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the geological data of described recording channel comprises:
The coordinate of shot point, geophone station, imaging point, earth's surface elevation;
Imaging point is to the one way vertical time on earth's surface;
The speed at imaging point place.
3. the method for a kind of pre-stack time migration according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the described recording channel of described calculating comprises following formula in the computing formula of the whilst on tour at described imaging point place:
In formula, T
ijfor the whilst on tour of a jth recording channel at imaging point place in described imaging point i-th common midpoint gather; T is the one way vertical time of imaging point to earth's surface, and v is the speed at imaging point place; Eleve
cmpijsit is the ground elevation of a jth recording channel shot point in i-th common midpoint gather; Eleve
cmpijrit is the ground elevation of a jth recording channel geophone station in i-th common midpoint gather; Eleve
crpit can be the earth's surface elevation at imaging point place; X
ijsbe in i-th common midpoint gather a jth recording channel shot point to the horizontal range of imaging point; X
ijrbe in i-th common midpoint gather a jth recording channel geophone station to the horizontal range of imaging point.
4. the method for a kind of pre-stack time migration according to claim 1, is characterized in that, before the common midpoint obtaining imaging point described and common midpoint gather, also comprises from geological data:
Set up recording geometry, define the parameter of described recording geometry, described parameter comprises: mesh spacing, big gun distance between centers of tracks, minimum geophone offset, maximum offset;
According to described recording geometry acquiring seismic data.
5. the method for a kind of pre-stack time migration according to claim 4, is characterized in that, the scope of the size of described migration aperture comprises: the size of described migration aperture is the twice of described maximum offset.
6. a device for pre-stack time migration, is characterized in that, described device comprises:
Road collection acquiring unit, for obtaining the common midpoint of imaging point within the scope of migration aperture and common midpoint gather from geological data;
Whilst on tour computing unit, for calculating the whilst on tour of described recording channel at described imaging point place according to the geological data of recording channel in described common midpoint gather;
Amplitude extraction unit, for extracting the described recording channel amplitude corresponding at described whilst on tour place;
Amplitude of deflection acquiring unit, for calculating the mean value of amplitude of described common midpoint according to described amplitude, using the amplitude of deflection of described mean value of amplitude as described imaging point.
7. the device of a kind of pre-stack time migration according to claim 6, is characterized in that, the geological data of described recording channel comprises:
The coordinate of shot point, geophone station, imaging point, earth's surface elevation;
Imaging point is to the one way vertical time on earth's surface;
The speed at imaging point place.
8. the device of a kind of pre-stack time migration according to claim 7, is characterized in that, the described recording channel of described calculating comprises following formula in the computing formula of the whilst on tour at described imaging point place:
In formula, T
ijfor the whilst on tour of a jth recording channel at imaging point place in described imaging point i-th common midpoint gather; T is the one way vertical time of imaging point to earth's surface, and v is the speed at imaging point place; Eleve
cmpijsit is the ground elevation of a jth recording channel shot point in i-th common midpoint gather; Eleve
cmpijrit is the ground elevation of a jth recording channel geophone station in i-th common midpoint gather; Eleve
crpfor the earth's surface elevation at imaging point place; X
ijsbe in i-th common midpoint gather a jth recording channel shot point to the horizontal range of imaging point; X
ijrbe in i-th common midpoint gather a jth recording channel geophone station to the horizontal range of imaging point.
9. the device of a kind of pre-stack time migration according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described device also comprises:
Recording geometry sets up unit, and for setting up recording geometry, define the parameter of described recording geometry, described parameter comprises: mesh spacing, big gun distance between centers of tracks, minimum geophone offset, maximum offset;
Seismic data acquisition unit, for according to described recording geometry acquiring seismic data.
10. the device of a kind of pre-stack time migration according to claim 9, is characterized in that, the scope of the size of described migration aperture comprises: the size of described migration aperture is the twice of described maximum offset.
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