CN105424801B - The method for sweeping detection for turbine casing electron beam weld water logging Ultrasonic C - Google Patents
The method for sweeping detection for turbine casing electron beam weld water logging Ultrasonic C Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method for sweeping detection for turbine casing electron beam weld water logging Ultrasonic C, the Ultrasonic C scanning image including mock standard part reference standard flat-bottom hole is shown；(2) the fusion penetration monitoring area of mock standard part is determined；Using with the scanning of mock standard part Ultrasonic C, determine that the identical parameter of fusion penetration monitoring area, step carry out Ultrasonic C to examined workpiece turbine casing electron beam weld and sweep detection, determine turbine casing electron beam weld fusion penetration monitoring area；Image is swept by observing turbine casing electron beam weld Ultrasonic C, and shows fusion penetration monitoring area determined by image according to mock standard part Ultrasonic C scanning, determines whether turbine casing electron beam weld meets design requirement.Turbine casing electron beam weld is detected using the present invention, the defects of electron beam weld fusion penetration and electron beam weld can be effectively determined, determines whether weld seam is qualified, method and process has feasibility, accuracy and reliability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to aero-turbine casing electron beam weld detection technique fields, in particular to send out for aviation
The method that motivation turbine casing electron beam weld water logging Ultrasonic C sweeps detection.
Background technique
Turbine casing is the very important component of aero-engine.The part 4 of aero-turbine casing and part 5 it
Between welded connecting, due to its design feature, working environment and material property, to lacking in the fusion penetration of weld seam, weld seam in design
It falls into, welding residual deformation has very high requirement.In consideration of it, the welding between aero-turbine casing part 4 and part 5
Using electron beam welding (EBW).Electron beam welding energy density is high, and the deep penetration welding of metal material easy to accomplish has
Weld seam is narrow, it is deep/wide than big, weld heat-affected zone is small, welding residual deformation is small, welding condition it is easy accurately control, repetition
The advantages that property and stability are good.Just because of its above-mentioned advantage, electron beam welding technology obtains tremendous development, has been widely used
In various industries.But due to the shadow of the factors such as the manufacture material of components, the state of weld seam, welding procedure and after welding treatment
It rings, defect, such as stomata, crackle, lack of penetration and incomplete fusion is often generated inside electron beam weld, directly influences the strong of weld seam
Degree and use reliability.In order to guarantee the quality of electron beam weld, it is necessary to be carried out non-destructive testing to the welded seam area on components.
Since depth/wide ratio of electron beam weld is big, defect is generally all smaller, therefore requires to compare to detection sensitivity
It is high.For the non-destructive testing of weld seam internal flaw, common method has X-ray detection method and ultrasonic Detection Method.But the prior art
Ray detection, the defects of gas pore in weld metal, crackle can only be detected, it can be determined that whether penetrate, but can not determine that welding is molten
Deep value.Also only detection welding defect, the determination application as fusion penetration are also less for ultrasound detection under normal circumstances.
In the production and processing of aero-turbine casing, in order to grasp the quality of electron beam weld, need to turbine
The fusion penetration of casket electron beam weld is detected, but the prior art does not detect the effective ways of electron beam weld fusion penetration and defect.
The fusion penetration and defect for how detecting aero-turbine casing electron beam weld are the production and processings of aero-turbine casing
Urgent problem.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method for sweeping detection for turbine casing electron beam weld water logging Ultrasonic C, with
The aero-turbine casing electron beam weld that how to detect for solving to propose in the production and processing of aero-turbine casing melts
The problem of deep and defect.
For problem to be solved by this invention, provided by the present invention for turbine casing electron beam weld water logging Ultrasonic C
The method for sweeping detection mainly includes：
(1) Ultrasonic C of mock standard part reference standard flat-bottom hole is swept image and is shown：It will be according to tested turbine casing shape ruler
The simulation of very little and detection clamping Design of State the reference standard flat-bottom hole that 3 different-diameters are machined on same diameter circumference
Standard component is mounted on rotary table and is placed in water, and the reference standard for adjusting ultrasonic probe position alignment mock standard part is flat
Bottom outlet simultaneously shows image, and ultrasonic probe is made outwardly and inwardly to move set distance respectively along by the radial direction at flat-bottom hole center,
Determine detection range, set ultrasound parameter by the Ultrasonic C woven sweep program to mock standard part carry out Ultrasonic C sweep detection,
Show the image of reference standard flat-bottom hole center and 3 reference standard flat-bottom hole wave amplitudes；The reference of 3 different-diameters
Standard flat-bottom hole is respectively the maximum equivalent diameter flat-bottom hole that weld seam allows to ignore, the maximum equivalent that multiple defects allow
The flat-bottom hole of diameter, the flat-bottom hole for the maximum equivalent diameter that individual defect allows；
(2) the fusion penetration monitoring area of mock standard part is determined：The maximum equivalent diameter that partial enlargement individual defect allows
Flat-bottom hole shows image, finds the flat-bottom hole center in Ultrasonic C and sweeps the position on image and label, from flat-bottom hole center in ultrasound
C sweeps the position in image and (inside along mock standard part diametrical direction) measures designed distance upwards, determines the upper of monitoring area
Boundary (outward along mock standard part diametrical direction) measures downwards designed distance, determines the lower boundary of monitoring area, upper following
Section between boundary is fusion penetration monitoring area；
(3) water logging Ultrasonic C is carried out to turbine casing electron beam weld and sweeps detection：Mock standard part phase is swept using with Ultrasonic C
Same detection parameters carry out Ultrasonic C to examined workpiece turbine casing electron beam weld according to step (1) and sweep detection, according to step
(2) the fusion penetration monitoring area of mock standard part determines that method determines fusion penetration monitored space to examined workpiece turbine casing electron beam weld
Domain, the image that display turbine casing electron beam weld Ultrasonic C is swept；
(4) it compares to determine：Image is swept by observing turbine casing electron beam weld Ultrasonic C, and according to mock standard part
Ultrasonic C sweeps fusion penetration monitoring area determined by display image, determines whether turbine casing electron beam weld meets design requirement.
It, can be again again to mould after the completion of the detection of turbine casing electron beam weld in above-mentioned technical proposal of the invention
Quasi- standard component carries out water logging Ultrasonic C and sweeps detection, and within the allowable range whether the amplitude change of confirmation reference standard flat-bottom hole, flat
Whether centerline hole position changes, to ensure the stability detected.
It, can be by adjusting gain adjustment when Ultrasonic C sweeps detection mock standard part in above-mentioned technical proposal of the invention
Ultrasonic C sweeps detection sensitivity, and sensitivity, which is preferably kept in, reaches the smallest flat-bottom hole image wave amplitude of diameter on mock standard part
25% or more, the maximum flat-bottom hole image wave amplitude of diameter is between 89%-99%.
In above-mentioned technical proposal of the invention, the water logging Ultrasonic C sweeps detection, refers to detected turbine casing
(workpiece) is dipped in water, is detected by ultrasonic scanning image to the electron beam weld on turbine casing (workpiece), with true
Determine whether the electron beam weld on workpiece meets design requirement.
In above-mentioned technical proposal of the invention, the composition of the mock standard part, including rotating cylinder and be fixed on back
The coaxial disc of drum body one end is machined with two groups 3 perpendicular to disk end face on the same diameter circumference in the lower end surface of disk
Different-diameter, for detecting the flat-bottom hole as reference standard of workpiece electron beam welding seam defect, 3 different-diameters it is flat
Hole is respectively the flat of the maximum equivalent diameter that the flat-bottom hole for the maximum equivalent diameter that weld seam allows to ignore, multiple defects allow
The flat-bottom hole for the maximum equivalent diameter that bottom outlet and individual defect allow, the bottom hole identity distance of flat-bottom hole have an area of thereon disk upper surface away from
From δ1With turbine casing weld seam fitting surface away from detection datum end face distance δ2Identical, end face is away from mock standard part right above flat-bottom hole
The height h of end face is installed1Height h with turbine casing weld seam detection datum end face away from installation end face2It is identical, flat hole site institute
Of substantially equal plus weld seam minimum fusion penetration value in circle diameter and the inner ring diameter after examined workpiece processing, i.e., flat-bottom hole institute is in place
The diameter D set1≈D3+ F, wherein D3For the inner ring diameter after turbine casing machining, F is weld seam minimum fusion penetration.
The size of reference standard flat-bottom hole and reference standard hole in the outer dimension of the mock standard part, mock standard part
Position determination on mock standard part is as follows：
(1) determination of mock standard part outer dimension：Size and dress when according to examined workpiece turbine casing ultrasound detection
Clip-like condition determines the outer dimension of mock standard part, simulates the reference standard flat-bottom hole upper end identity distance on mock standard part
The height h of standard component installation end face1(such as Fig. 2), with turbine casing weld seam detection datum end face away from turbine casing installation end face
Height h2(such as Fig. 4) is identical, i.e. height h of the end face away from rotary table plane right above flat-bottom hole1With turbine casing weld seam detection
Height h of the datum end face away from rotary table plane2Equally；Make the distance δ of the bottom hole identity distance disk upper surface of flat-bottom hole again1, i.e.,
Flat-bottom hole buried depth δ1(such as Fig. 3) and turbine casing weld seam fitting surface are away from detection datum end face distance δ2(such as Fig. 5) is identical, to guarantee
When mock standard part and workpiece scanning, the distance and ultrasonic probe of ultrasonic probe anomaly bottom outlet hole bottom surface are away from weld seam fitting surface
Detecting distance it is the same.
(2) size of reference standard flat-bottom hole determines on mock standard part：It requires to allow to ignore according to design drawing scarce
Sunken maximum equivalent diameter determines flat-bottom hole 1A or the 1B diameter of minimum dimension, and maximum according to multiple defects that design drawing allows
Equivalent diameter determines time small size flat-bottom hole 2A or 2B diameter, and the single greatest drawback equivalent diameter allowed further according to design drawing is true
Fixed maximum flat-bottom hole 3A or 3B diameter can determine two or more sets satisfactory flat-bottom holes of processing according to difficulty of processing, then
Determine which group flat-bottom hole can be used as reference standard hole through metering.
(3) determination of reference standard flat-bottom hole position on mock standard part：It is required according to design drawing, it is desirable that examined workpiece
The fusion penetration of weld seam is not less than F after turbine casing machining, and the final diameter of the turbine casing machine inner ring after machining is D3, according to
This determines position of the flat-bottom hole center on mock standard part disk, i.e. flat-bottom hole is located at same circumference on mock standard part disk
Diameter D1For：D1≈D3+ F, F are weld seam minimum fusion penetration, in this way can be by sweeping figure in C using maximum flat-bottom hole 3A or 3B
On position determine fusion penetration monitoring area (ROI).Method is as follows：It is measured inside from flat-bottom hole centerline along disk diameter direction
It takes size K (about F/2), the as coboundary of fusion penetration monitoring area, measures size F-K, as fusion penetration monitoring area outward
Lower boundary, the section of F long are fusion penetration monitoring area (ROI), and fusion penetration monitoring area (ROI) is the final ruler according to part at this time
Very little determination, there is no correlation with the actual processing surplus of seized part, eliminates actual parts welding deformation or processing mistake
Bring influences.In view of considerations above, standard component can be used same scanning program with actual parts and be detected, while can also
To determine fusion penetration region that needs monitor by standard component.
Provided by the present invention for the method that turbine casing electron beam weld water logging Ultrasonic C sweeps detection, have it is following very
Advantageous effects outstanding：
1, detection method is swept using water logging Ultrasonic C provided by the invention to detect turbine casing electron beam weld, it can
To determine that weld seam wants fusion penetration monitoring area (ROI), realizes and determine weld penetration in ultrasound detection, expand ultrasound detection model
It encloses, substantially increases the accuracy and reliability of detection.Simultaneously because used mock standard part being capable of preferable simulation whirlpool
Take turns casing weld inspection region and defect, with turbine casing same Ultrasonic C, which can be used, in mock standard part sweeps program and is detected,
It simplifies Ultrasonic C and sweeps program, improve detection efficiency.
2, detection method is swept using water logging Ultrasonic C provided by the invention, ultrasonic examination person can be allowed intuitively and accurately to pass through
Observation C sweeps the power for showing wave amplitude on figure and its is in the situation of fusion penetration monitoring area (ROI) to determine electron beam welding
With the presence or absence of lack of penetration, there are it is lack of penetration when, whether fusion penetration meets the requirements.
3, the method for sweeping detection provided by the present invention for electron beam weld water logging Ultrasonic C can be applied to similar whirlpool
Take turns the detection of electron beam weld on the workpiece of casing.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the overlooking structure diagram of immersed ultrasonic test mock standard part of the present invention.
Fig. 2 be Fig. 1 in schematic cross-sectional view from A-A to mock standard part.
Fig. 3 is part B partial enlargement structural representation in Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is seized part aero-turbine case structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is weld inspection region local I enlarged structure schematic diagram in Fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is that weld penetration is less than permission minimum value F welding schematic diagram (unqualified).
Fig. 7 is that weld penetration is just the welding schematic diagram (qualification) for allowing minimum value F；
Fig. 8 is that weld penetration is greater than the welding schematic diagram (qualification) for allowing minimum value F；
Fig. 9 is the C-scan image of mock standard part and the determination method schematic diagram of fusion penetration monitoring area.
Figure 10 is the C-scan image and fusion penetration monitoring area schematic of example turbine casing standard component.
The object of each shown by reference numeral mark is respectively in above-mentioned attached drawing：The disk of 1- mock standard part；2- mock standard
The cylinder of part；3- reference standard flat-bottom hole；The Z-type part of 4- turbine casing；The cone cylinder part of 5- turbine casing；6- part 4 with
Electron beam weld between part 5；7- ultrasonic probe.
Specific embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is provided with reference to the accompanying drawing, and the present invention is made further specifically by embodiment
It is bright.It is important to point out that embodiment is served only for, the present invention is described further, should not be understood as protecting model to the present invention
The limitation enclosed, fields are skillful at personnel according to foregoing invention content, to the present invention make some nonessential improvement and
Adjustment is embodied, and is easily able to, and therefore, such improvement should still fall within protection scope of the present invention with adjustment.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment is used for the method that turbine casing electron beam weld water logging Ultrasonic C sweeps detection, mainly includes：
(1) Ultrasonic C of mock standard part reference standard flat-bottom hole is swept image and is shown：It will be according to tested turbine casing shape ruler
The simulation of very little and detection clamping Design of State the reference standard flat-bottom hole that 3 different-diameters are machined on same diameter circumference
Standard component is mounted on rotary table and is placed in water, and the reference standard for adjusting ultrasonic probe position alignment mock standard part is flat
Bottom outlet makes ultrasonic probe outwardly and inwardly move 1~2mm respectively along by the radial direction at flat-bottom hole center, determines detection range；
The sensitivity for making Ultrasonic C sweep detection by adjusting gain reaches, and the wave amplitude of the smallest flat-bottom hole of diameter (φ 0.4mm-1B) is made to exist
Determine that 25% or more of detection range, the wave amplitude of the maximum flat-bottom hole of diameter (φ 1.0mm-3B) are determining detection range
Between 89%-99%；Set ultrasound parameter by the Ultrasonic C woven sweep program to mock standard part carry out Ultrasonic C sweep detection,
Show the image of reference standard flat-bottom hole center and 3 reference standard flat-bottom hole wave amplitudes；
(2) the fusion penetration monitoring area of mock standard part is determined：The maximum equivalent diameter that partial enlargement individual defect allows
Flat-bottom hole shows image, finds the flat-bottom hole center in Ultrasonic C and sweeps the position in image and label, from flat-bottom hole center in ultrasound
C sweeps the position in image and (inside along mock standard part diametrical direction) measures designed distance upwards, determines the upper of monitoring area
Boundary (outward along mock standard part diametrical direction) measures downwards designed distance, determines the lower boundary of monitoring area, upper following
Section between boundary is fusion penetration monitoring area；
(3) water logging Ultrasonic C is carried out to turbine casing electron beam weld and sweeps detection：Mock standard part phase is swept using with Ultrasonic C
Same detection parameters carry out Ultrasonic C to examined workpiece turbine casing electron beam weld according to step (1) and sweep detection, according to step
(2) the fusion penetration monitoring area of mock standard part determines that method determines fusion penetration monitored space to examined workpiece turbine casing electron beam weld
Domain, the image that display turbine casing electron beam weld Ultrasonic C is swept；
(4) confirm whether the image of reference standard flat-bottom hole changes：After the completion of the detection of turbine casing electron beam weld, weight
Water logging Ultrasonic C newly is carried out to mock standard part and sweeps detection, confirms the amplitude change of reference standard flat-bottom hole whether in allowed band
Interior, whether flat-bottom hole position of center line changes, it is ensured that the stability of detection；
(5) it compares to determine：Image is swept by observing turbine casing electron beam weld Ultrasonic C, and according to mock standard part
Ultrasonic C sweeps fusion penetration monitoring area determined by display image, determines whether turbine casing electron beam weld meets design requirement.
It is constituted as shown in attached drawing 1, attached drawing 2 and attached drawing 3 mock standard part used in the present embodiment, is detected weld seam
It is constituted as shown in figures 4 and 5 turbine casing, and the final diameter after the machining of turbine casing inner ring is φ 398.22mm,
Detected weld seam is the electron beam weld 6 in workpiece between part 4 and part 5, and design requirement weld penetration is not less than
1.52mm is closed unqualified as shown in attached drawing 6, attached drawing 7 and attached drawing 8 through detection weld penetration.The mock standard part of the present embodiment
It constitutes, the coaxial disc 1 of rotating cylinder one end is fixed on including rotating cylinder 3 and by 6 screws, the disk is ring flange
The uniform thickness disk of structure, be machined on the same diameter circumference in the lower end surface of disk two groups 3 it is different straight perpendicular to disk end face
Diameter for detecting the flat-bottom hole 2 as reference standard of workpiece electron beam welding seam defect, one group is A group, and one group is B group, two
The flat-bottom hole of corresponding 3 different-diameters of group is identical, the respectively weld seam maximum equivalent diameter that allows to ignore defect
Flat-bottom hole A1/B1, diameter 0.4mm, allow the flat-bottom hole A2/B2 of multiple defect maximum equivalent diameters, diameter 0.8mm,
The flat-bottom hole A3/B3 of the single greatest drawback equivalent diameter allowed, the bottom hole identity distance of diameter 1.0mm, flat-bottom hole have an area of thereon
The distance δ of disk upper surface1With weld seam fitting surface away from detection datum end face distance δ2Identical, end face is marked away from simulation right above flat-bottom hole
The height h of quasi- part installation end face1Height h with examined workpiece weld seam detection datum end face away from examined workpiece installation end face2It is identical,
Circle diameter where flat-bottom hole center adds the basic phase of weld seam minimum fusion penetration value with the inner ring diameter after examined workpiece processing
Deng about 399.74mm.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of method for sweeping detection for turbine casing electron beam weld water logging Ultrasonic C, it is characterised in that including：
1) Ultrasonic C of mock standard part reference standard flat-bottom hole is swept image and is shown：Will according to tested turbine casing outer dimension and
Detect the mock standard of the reference standard flat-bottom hole that 3 different-diameters are machined on same diameter circumference of clamping Design of State
Part is mounted on rotary table and is placed in water, and adjusts the reference standard flat-bottom hole of ultrasonic probe position alignment mock standard part
And show, so that ultrasonic probe is outwardly and inwardly moved set distance respectively along the radial direction by flat-bottom hole center, determines detection
Range sets ultrasound parameter and by the Ultrasonic C woven sweeps program and carry out Ultrasonic C to mock standard part and sweeps detection, and display refers to
The image of standard flat-bottom hole center and 3 reference standard flat-bottom hole wave amplitudes；The reference standard of 3 different-diameters is flat
Hole is respectively the maximum equivalent diameter flat-bottom hole that weld seam allows to ignore, and the maximum equivalent diameter that multiple defects allow is put down
Bottom outlet, the flat-bottom hole for the maximum equivalent diameter that individual defect allows；The structure of mock standard part designs：
(1) determination of mock standard part outer dimension：Size and clamping shape when according to examined workpiece turbine casing ultrasound detection
Condition determines the outer dimension of mock standard part, makes the reference standard flat-bottom hole upper end identity distance mock standard on mock standard part
The height h of part installation end face1, the height h of end face is installed with turbine casing weld seam detection datum end face away from turbine casing2It is identical；Again
Make the distance δ of the bottom hole identity distance disk upper surface of flat-bottom hole1With turbine casing weld seam fitting surface away from detection datum end face distance δ2Phase
When together, to guarantee mock standard part and workpiece scanning, the distance of ultrasonic probe anomaly bottom outlet hole bottom surface and ultrasonic probe away from
The detecting distance of weld seam fitting surface is the same；
(2) size of reference standard flat-bottom hole determines on mock standard part：It requires to allow to ignore defect according to design drawing
Maximum equivalent diameter determines flat-bottom hole 1A or the 1B diameter of minimum dimension, and the multiple defect maximum equivalents allowed according to design drawing
Diameter determines time small size flat-bottom hole 2A or 2B diameter, and the single greatest drawback equivalent diameter allowed further according to design drawing determines most
Big flat-bottom hole 3A or 3B diameter can determine two or more sets satisfactory flat-bottom holes of processing according to difficulty of processing, then through counting
Amount determines which group flat-bottom hole can be used as reference standard hole；
(3) determination of reference standard flat-bottom hole position on mock standard part：It is required according to design drawing, examined workpiece turbine casing
The fusion penetration of weld seam is not less than F after machining, and the final diameter of the turbine casing machine inner ring after machining is D3, determine therefrom that flat
The diameter D that position of the bottom outlet center on mock standard part disk, i.e. flat-bottom hole are located at same circumference on mock standard part disk1
For：D1≈D3+ F, F are weld seam minimum fusion penetration；
2) the fusion penetration monitoring area ROI of mock standard part is determined：The maximum equivalent diameter that partial enlargement individual defect allows is put down
Bottom outlet shows image, finds the flat-bottom hole center in Ultrasonic C and sweeps the position on image and label, from flat-bottom hole centerline along circle
Disk diameter direction measures size K, the as coboundary of fusion penetration monitoring area inside, measures size F-K outward, and as fusion penetration monitors
The lower boundary in region, the section of F long are fusion penetration monitoring area, K ≈ F/2；
3) water logging Ultrasonic C is carried out to turbine casing electron beam weld and sweeps detection：The identical inspection of mock standard part is swept using with Ultrasonic C
It surveys parameter and detection is swept to examined workpiece turbine casing electron beam weld progress Ultrasonic C according to step 1), simulate and mark according to step 2)
The fusion penetration monitoring area of quasi- part determines that method determines fusion penetration monitoring area to examined workpiece turbine casing electron beam weld, shows whirlpool
The image that wheel casing electron beam weld Ultrasonic C is swept；
4) it compares to determine：Image is swept by observing turbine casing electron beam weld Ultrasonic C, and according to mock standard part Ultrasonic C
Fusion penetration monitoring area determined by display image is swept, determines whether turbine casing electron beam weld meets design requirement.
2. the method according to claim 1 for sweeping detection for turbine casing electron beam weld water logging Ultrasonic C, feature exist
After the completion of the detection of, turbine casing electron beam weld, water logging Ultrasonic C is carried out to mock standard part again and sweeps detection, confirmation refers to
Within the allowable range whether, whether flat-bottom hole position of center line changes the amplitude change of standard flat-bottom hole, with ensure to detect
Stability.
3. the method according to claim 1 or 2 for sweeping detection for turbine casing electron beam weld water logging Ultrasonic C, special
Sign is, when Ultrasonic C sweeps detection mock standard part, reaches the image wave amplitude of diameter minimum flat-bottom hole by adjusting gain
25% or more, the image wave amplitude of diameter maximum flat-bottom hole is between 89%-99%, to guarantee that Ultrasonic C sweeps detection sensitivity.
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