CN105412639A - 一种治疗结石的药物组合物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开一种治疗结石的药物组合物及其制备方法,涉及医药学领域。本发明的治疗结石的药物组合物包括以下重量份的组分:芭蕉皮40~80份、滑石5~30份、玉米须5~30份、甘草1~20份、金钱草3~8份,鸡内金3~8份,关木通3~8份,牛膝3~8份,虎杖3~8份,郁金3~8份,柴胡1~5份、瞿麦1~5份、海金沙1~5份、黄柏1~5份、鸡血藤1~5份、薤白1~5份、灯芯草1~5份、冬葵子1~5份、三七1~5份。本发明精选药物组方,其药物组分经辩证配伍,在作用上相互佐助,以上诸药合用,活血清热,通利血脉,清利湿热,通淋止痛,泻火行水,能有效治疗结石,尤其适合患有糖尿病的结石患者服用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及医药学领域。
背景技术
结石是指人体内的导管腔中或腔性器官的腔中形成的固体块状物。主要见于胆囊及膀胱、肾盂中,也可见于胰导管、涎腺导管等的腔中。结石由无机盐或有机物组成。结石中一般有一核心,由脱落的上皮细胞、细菌团块、寄生虫卵或虫体、粪块或异物组成,无机盐或有机物再层层沉积核心之上。
人体胆汁中胆汁酸、磷脂及胆固醇保持在一定的比例之间,同时胆汁中还存在晶体聚合抑制因素,这样可以保证胆囊中没有结石形成。一旦某种因素破坏了这种平衡,就会导致胆囊内胆固醇结晶形成,最终导致胆囊结石。机体的代谢异常、尿路的梗阻、感染、异物和药物的使用是肾结石形成的常见病因。一旦结石形成,会影响受累器官中液体的排除,造成疼痛、出血、感染等,给患者的日常生活带来痛苦。
目前,对于结石病的治疗一般以碎石和手术为主,碎石,禁忌症多;手术,创伤大,复发率高,而且对于糖尿病患者来说还有控制术前的血糖水平,更为繁琐。因此开发一种能够治疗结石病,特别是针对糖尿病患者的治疗结石的药品有着很实际的意义。
发明内容
针对上述技术问题,本发明提供一种治疗结石的药物组合物及其制备方法。本发明的治疗结石的药物组合物包括以下重量份的组分:芭蕉皮40~80份、滑石5~30份、玉米须5~30份、甘草1~20份。
其中,优选重量配比为:芭蕉皮45~65份、滑石10~20份、玉米须10~20份、甘草5~15份。更优选重量配比为:芭蕉皮50份、滑石15份、玉米须15份、甘草10份。
进一步地,本发明的治疗结石的药物组合物的组分由以下重量份的组分组成:芭蕉皮40~80份、滑石5~30份、玉米须5~30份、甘草1~20份,以及金钱草3~8份,鸡内金3~8份,关木通3~8份,牛膝3~8份,虎杖3~8份,郁金3~8份,柴胡1~5份、瞿麦1~5份、海金沙1~5份、黄柏1~5份、鸡血藤1~5份、薤白1~5份、灯芯草1~5份、冬葵子1~5份、三七1~5份。
其中,优选为:金钱草4~7份,鸡内金4~7份,关木通4~7份,牛膝4~7份,虎杖4~7份,郁金4~7份,柴胡2~4份、瞿麦2~4份、海金沙2~4份、黄柏2~4份、鸡血藤2~4份、薤白2~4份、灯芯草2~4份、冬葵子2~4份、三七2~4份。
更优选为:金钱草5份,鸡内金5份,关木通5份,牛膝5份,虎杖5份,郁金5份,柴胡3份、瞿麦3份、海金沙3份、黄柏3份、鸡血藤3份、薤白3份、灯芯草3份、冬葵子3份、三七3份。
本发明的治疗结石的药物组合物的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1).将所述各原料洗净、干燥后粉碎;
(2).按所述配方量将步骤(1)制得的各原料粉末混合均匀后加入至混合粉末重量5倍的水中,回流提取2~3小时,分离滤液和滤渣;将滤渣再次加入至混合粉末重量5倍的水中,回流提取2~3小时,弃去滤渣,合并两次所得滤液,即得。
进一步地,可将步骤(2)所制得的合并滤液减压蒸馏得60℃时的相对密度为1.15~1.3的浓缩液,将浓缩液与药学上可接受的载体制成临床上可接受的剂型。
进一步地,可将步骤(2)所制得的合并滤液减压浓缩,并干燥得浸膏,将所述浸膏与药学上可接受的载体制成临床上可接受的剂型。
具体地,所述临床上可接受的剂型为口服液、片剂、胶囊剂、颗粒剂、散剂或丸剂。
本发明的治疗结石的药物组合物中各组分的药理药效如下:
滑石:利尿通淋,清热解暑,祛湿敛疮。用于热淋,石淋,尿热涩痛,暑湿烦渴,湿热水泻;外治湿疹,湿疮,痱子。用于小便不利、淋沥涩痛等症。
玉米须:性平,味甘淡,无毒。入肝、肾、膀胱经。利尿,泄热,平肝,利胆。
甘草:补脾益气,清热解毒,祛痰止咳,缓急止痛,调和诸药。
金钱草:味甘、咸,性微寒,归肝、胆、肾、膀胱经。利湿退黄,利尿通淋,解毒消肿。用于湿热黄疸、胆胀胁痛、石淋、热淋、小便涩痛,痈肿疔疮,蛇虫咬伤。
鸡内金:味甘、性平;归脾、胃、小肠、膀胱经。健胃消食、涩精止遗,通淋化石。用于食积不消,呕吐泻痢,小儿疳积,遗尿,遗精,石淋涩痛,胆胀胁痛。
关木通:味苦,性寒。归心、小肠、膀胱经。清心火,利小便,通经下乳。用于口舌生疮,心烦尿赤,水肿,热淋涩痛,白带,经闭乳少,湿热痹痛。
牛膝:味苦、甘、酸,性平;归肝、肾经。逐瘀通经,补肝肾,强筋骨,利尿通淋,引血下行。用于闭经、痛经,腰膝酸痛,筋骨无力,淋证,水肿,头痛,眩晕,牙痛,口疮等。
郁金:味辛、苦,性寒;归肝、心、肺经。活血止痛,行气解郁,清心凉血,利胆退黄。用于胸胁刺痛,胸痹心痛,经闭痛经,乳房胀痛,热病神昏,癫痫发狂,黄疸尿赤。
虎杖:味微苦,性微寒;归肝、胆、肺经。利湿退黄,清热解毒,散瘀止痛,止咳化痰。用于湿热黄疸,淋浊,带下,风湿痹痛,痈肿疮毒,水火烫伤,闭经,跌打损伤,肺热咳嗽。
柴胡:味辛、苦,性微寒。归肝、胆、肺经。疏散退热,疏肝解郁,升举阳气。用于感冒发热,寒热来往,胸胁胀痛,脱肛等。
瞿麦:味苦,性寒;归心、小肠经。通尿利淋,活血通经。用于热淋,血淋,石淋,小便不通,淋沥涩痛。
海金沙:味甘、咸,性寒;归膀胱、小肠经。清利湿热,通淋止痛,用于热淋、石淋、血淋、膏淋、尿道涩痛。
黄柏:味苦、性寒。归肾、膀胱经。清热燥湿,泻火除蒸,解毒疗疮。用于湿热泻痢,黄疸尿赤,带下阴痒,热淋涩痛,骨蒸劳热,盗汗,遗精,疮疡肿毒,湿疹湿疮。
鸡血藤:味苦、甘,性温;归肝、肾经。活血补血,调经止痛,舒筋活络。用于月经不调,痛经,闭经,风湿痹痛,麻木瘫痪,血虚萎黄。
薤白:味辛、苦,性温;归心、肺、胃、大肠经。通阳散结,行气导滞。用于胸痹心痛,脘腹痞满胀痛,泻痢后重。
灯芯草:味甘、淡,性微寒;归心、肺、小肠经。清心火,利小便。用于心烦失眠,尿少涩痛,口舌生疮。
冬葵子:味甘苦,性微寒,无毒。入大小肠、膀胱经。利水,滑肠,下乳。治二便不通,淋病,水肿,妇女乳汁不行,乳房肿痛。
三七:味甘、微苦,性温;归肝、胃经。散瘀止血,消肿定痛。用于咯血,吐血,便血,崩漏,胸腹刺痛,跌扑肿痛等。
本发明的治疗结石的组合物可作为药品的有效活性成分使用,其在药品中的重量百分比可根据临床需要适当调整(如0.1~99.9%的范围内),其余为药学可接受的其它成分。这些可接受的其它成分可为其它药物活性成分,也可为各种载体如赋型剂、粘合剂、崩解剂、润滑剂、滴丸剂基质、助悬剂等。
例如,本发明的治疗结石的组合物可以结合各种载体制成制剂形式,加入蜂蜜可以制成蜜丸、糖浆剂等适用于非糖尿病患者;加入其他辅料可以制成片剂、胶囊剂、滴丸剂、颗粒剂;口服液,包括水性或油性悬浮液、乳剂等,或者是一种在使用时可用水或其它适宜载体复配的干燥产品,适用于糖尿病患者。
其中,所述赋形剂可以为淀粉(包括玉米淀粉、马铃薯淀粉、小麦淀粉等)、糖粉、糊精、乳糖。可压性淀粉、微晶纤维素、无机盐(包括些无机钙盐,如硫酸钙、磷酸氢钙及碳酸钙等。其中二水硫酸钙较为常用)和糖醇类(包括甘露醇和山梨醇)。
所述粘合剂可以为:淀粉浆、甲基纤维素、羟丙基纤维素、羟丙甲基纤维素、羧甲基纤维素钠、乙基纤维素、聚维酮、明胶、聚乙二醇等。
所述崩解剂可以为:干淀粉、羧甲基淀粉纳、低取代羟丙基纤维素、交联羧甲基纤维素钠、交联聚维酮、碳酸氢纳与枸橼酸组成泡腾崩解剂等。
所述润滑剂可以为:硬脂酸镁、微粉硅胶、滑石粉、氢化植物油等。
滴丸剂基质可以为:PEG类,如PEG6000、PEG4000、PEG9300,肥皂类,硬脂酸钠及甘油明胶等。
发明人惊奇的发现,芭蕉皮的水煮提取物有着非常优越的治疗结石的作用,以配方量的芭蕉皮、滑石、玉米须和甘草混合煮水,冷却后加入蜂蜜制得的蜜丸可以在较短时间内治愈多年的肾结石和胆结石。本发明以芭蕉皮为君药,滑石和玉米须为臣药,金钱草、鸡内金、关木通、虎杖、郁金、柴胡、瞿麦、海金沙、黄柏、鸡血藤、薤白、灯芯草、冬葵、三七为佐药,甘草和牛膝为使药。本发明精选药物组方,其药物组分经辩证配伍,在作用上相互佐助,以上诸药合用,活血清热,通利血脉,清利湿热,通淋止痛,泻火行水,能有效治疗结石,所得到的水提取物与药学上可接受的载体能够制成临床上可接受的剂型,疗效显著确切,毒副作用小,便于携带,特别适合同时患有糖尿病的结石患者使用。
为了更好地理解和实施,下面详细说明本发明。
具体实施方式
药物组合物制备实施例
本发明的药物组合物的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1).将表1中各原料洗净、干燥后粉碎;
(2).按表1配方量,将步骤(1)制得的各原料粉末混合均匀后加入至混合粉末重量5倍的水中,回流提取t1小时,分离滤液和滤渣;将滤渣再次加入至混合粉末重量5倍的水中,回流提取t2小时,弃去滤渣,合并两次所得滤液,即得。
<表1各组分配方量、以重量份计,及提取时间>
丸剂制备实施例
制备方法:将实施例3制得药物组合物的合并滤液减压浓缩,并干燥得浸膏。将荆条蜜用武火熬沸,然后改为文火慢熬,将其加热熬沸至泡沫呈浅红色光泽,手捻有粘性。按处方量,将荆条蜜与所制得的浸膏均匀搅拌,捏合调制成湿药团,将湿药团置入制丸机中制成每粒10g的湿丸;将制得的湿丸进行微波干燥,然后将干燥后的药丸包装,即得。本制剂适合非糖尿病患者使用。
泡腾片制备实施例
制备方法:按处方量,将实施例6制得的药物组合物的合并滤液减压浓缩,干燥得浸膏并粉碎,依次加入碳酸氢钠、枸橼酸、可压性淀粉、聚维酮和微粉硅胶,混合均匀,直接压片。本制剂适合糖尿病患者使用。
可溶片制备实施例
制备方法:将实施例7制得的药物组合物的合并滤液减压蒸馏得60℃时的相对密度为1.15~1.3的浓缩液;按处方量,将羧甲基纤维素钠溶解于所述浓缩液中,再加入乳糖、微晶纤维素和1g交联聚维酮制软材,以14目筛制粒后,置70℃~80℃干燥后于12目筛整粒,加入1g交联聚维酮混匀后,压片,即得。取6片按照中国药典2010版附录XA测定崩解时限:水温为15~25℃,6片在3min内全部崩解并溶化。
滴丸剂制备实施例
制备方法:将实施例8制得的药物组合物的合并滤液减压浓缩,干燥得浸膏并粉碎;按处方量,将聚乙二醇6000加热至95℃,加入所述浸膏,搅拌成均匀的悬浊液,90℃保温,用管口内、外径分别为9.0mm、9.8mm的滴管滴制,滴速为70滴/min,滴入含43%煤油的液体石蜡冷却液中,冷凝成丸,以液体石蜡洗丸,至无煤油味,用毛边纸吸去粘附的液体石蜡,即得。
胶囊剂与颗粒剂制备实施例
制备方法:将实施例9制得的药物组合物的合并滤液减压浓缩,干燥得浸膏并粉碎;按处方量,加入乳糖与淀粉浆制软材,以14目筛制粒后,置70℃~80℃干燥后于12目筛整粒,即为颗粒剂;灌装胶囊,即得胶囊剂。
口服液制备实施例
制备方法:按处方量,将适量矫味剂和山梨酸钾加入实施例10制得的药物组合物中,溶解完全后灌装,即得。
临床观察实施例
本发明对患有肾结石或胆结石的病人进行临床观察治疗,患者性别不限,年龄为30~70岁。肾结石表现为下腹部疼痛、尿血、小便疼痛、排不出尿等。胆结石的表现为胆绞痛、急慢性胆囊炎等。治疗方法:口服上述实施例制得的药物。伴糖尿病患者服用泡腾片。
给药方式:1)胶囊剂:每天三次,每次服2~3粒,温水送服。2)片剂:每天三次,每次2~4片,温水送服。3)丸剂:每天三次,每次1丸,温水送服。4)颗粒剂:每天三次。每次1袋,温水送服。5)口服液:每天两次。每次1支。6)滴丸剂:每天三次。每次10丸,温水送服。各剂型10天为一疗程。
疗效评定标准:治愈:临床症状体征消失,功能活动恢复正常,疼痛消失,排尿正常,经检查各项指标恢复正常。显效:临床症状体征基本或大部分消失,疼痛基本消失,排尿略有不畅,经检查大部分指标恢复正常。有效:临床症状体明显好转或好转,疼痛减轻,排尿略见好转,经检查各项指标略有好转。无效:临床症状体征物改善,检查指标未见好转。
经过3个疗程的试验,结果如表2所示,其中的伴糖尿病患者的血糖在服药前后无明显波动:
<表2试验结果>
典型病例
宋先生:61岁,患肾结石,患病时间3年,吃其他排石药久治不好。经服用本发明丸剂22天后全愈。
黄女士:55岁,患糖尿病,并患肾结石2年半,吃其他排石药久治不好。经服用本发明泡腾片23天后全愈。
郭先生:43岁,患肾结石,患病时间3年,吃其他排石药久治不好。经服用本发明口服液14天后全愈。
李女士:52岁,患胆结石,患病时间3年,吃其他排石药久治不好。经服用本发明颗粒剂16天后全愈。
钟先生:33岁,患胆结石,患病时间2年半,吃其他排石药久治不好。经服用本发明胶囊剂15天后全愈。
本发明并不局限于上述实施方式,如果对本发明的各种改动或变形不脱离本发明的精神和范围,倘若这些改动和变形属于本发明的权利要求和等同技术范围之内,则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变形。
Claims (10)
1.一种治疗结石的药物组合物,其特征在于包括以下重量份的组分:芭蕉皮40~80份、滑石5~30份、玉米须5~30份、甘草1~20份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的治疗结石的药物组合物,其特征在于包括以下重量份的组分:芭蕉皮45~65份、滑石10~20份、玉米须10~20份、甘草5~15份。
3.根据权利要求2所述的治疗结石的药物组合物,其特征在于包括以下重量份的组分:芭蕉皮50份、滑石15份、玉米须15份、甘草10份。
4.根据权利要求1~3任意一项所述的治疗结石的药物组合物,其特征在于由以下重量份的组分组成:权利要求1~3任意一项所述重量份的芭蕉皮、滑石、玉米须、甘草,以及金钱草3~8份,鸡内金3~8份,关木通3~8份,牛膝3~8份,虎杖3~8份,郁金3~8份,柴胡1~5份、瞿麦1~5份、海金沙1~5份、黄柏1~5份、鸡血藤1~5份、薤白1~5份、灯芯草1~5份、冬葵子1~5份、三七1~5份。
5.根据权利要求4所述的治疗结石的药物组合物,其特征在于:金钱草4~7份,鸡内金4~7份,关木通4~7份,牛膝4~7份,虎杖4~7份,郁金4~7份,柴胡2~4份、瞿麦2~4份、海金沙2~4份、黄柏2~4份、鸡血藤2~4份、薤白2~4份、灯芯草2~4份、冬葵子2~4份、三七2~4份。
6.根据权利要求5所述的治疗结石的药物组合物,其特征在于:金钱草5份,鸡内金5份,关木通5份,牛膝5份,虎杖5份,郁金5份,柴胡3份、瞿麦3份、海金沙3份、黄柏3份、鸡血藤3份、薤白3份、灯芯草3份、冬葵子3份、三七3份。
7.一种制备权利要求1~6任意一项所述的治疗结石的药物组合物的方法,其特征在于包括以下步骤:
(1).将所述各原料洗净、干燥后粉碎;
(2).按所述配方量将步骤(1)制得的各原料粉末混合均匀后加入至混合粉末重量5倍的水中,回流提取2~3小时,分离滤液和滤渣;将滤渣再次加入至混合粉末重量5倍的水中,回流提取2~3小时,弃去滤渣,合并两次所得滤液,即得。
8.根据权利要求7所述的治疗结石的药物组合物的制备方法,其特征在于:将步骤(2)所制得的合并滤液减压蒸馏得60℃时的相对密度为1.15~1.3的浓缩液,将浓缩液与药学上可接受的载体制成临床上可接受的剂型。
9.根据权利要求7所述的治疗结石的药物组合物的制备方法,其特征在于:将步骤(2)所制得的合并滤液减压浓缩,并干燥得浸膏,将所述浸膏与药学上可接受的载体制成临床上可接受的剂型。
10.根据权利要求8或9所述的治疗结石的药物组合物的制备方法,其特征在于:所述临床上可接受的剂型为口服液、片剂、胶囊剂、颗粒剂、散剂或丸剂。
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