CN105411983A - Preparation and use method of whitening and skincare mask for treating pimples - Google Patents
Preparation and use method of whitening and skincare mask for treating pimples Download PDFInfo
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- CN105411983A CN105411983A CN201510968079.1A CN201510968079A CN105411983A CN 105411983 A CN105411983 A CN 105411983A CN 201510968079 A CN201510968079 A CN 201510968079A CN 105411983 A CN105411983 A CN 105411983A
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- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/96—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing materials, or derivatives thereof of undetermined constitution
- A61K8/98—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing materials, or derivatives thereof of undetermined constitution of animal origin
- A61K8/981—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing materials, or derivatives thereof of undetermined constitution of animal origin of mammals or bird
- A61K8/985—Skin or skin outgrowth, e.g. hair, nails
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- A61K35/12—Materials from mammals; Compositions comprising non-specified tissues or cells; Compositions comprising non-embryonic stem cells; Genetically modified cells
- A61K35/32—Bones; Osteocytes; Osteoblasts; Tendons; Tenocytes; Teeth; Odontoblasts; Cartilage; Chondrocytes; Synovial membrane
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation and use method of a whitening and skincare mask for treating pimples. The whitening skincare mask is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 to 80 parts of ixeris chinensis, 30 to 80 parts of borage, 30 to 50 parts of coconut meat, 2 to 5 parts of coptis chinensis Franch, 2 to 5 parts of cortex phellodendri, 7 to 10 parts of scutellaria baicalensis, 10 to 15 parts of honeysuckle, 8 to 12 parts of Indian mockstrawberrg herb, 8 to 12 parts of fructus forsythiae, 8 to 10 parts of purslane, 10 to 15 parts of dandelion, 5 to 8 parts of rehmannia glutinosa libosch, 5 to 8 parts of root-bark of tree peony, 8 to 15 parts of mung bean, 8 to 12 parts of cornu bubali, 4 to 6 parts of flos carthami, 4 to 6 parts of peach kernel, 8 to 12 parts of juncus effusus, 8 to 12 parts of waxgourd peel, 8 to 12 parts of polygonum aviculare, 6 to 8 parts of orange peel, 5 to 8 parts of rose and 8 to 1 part of mint. The preparation method comprises the following steps of drying raw materials and crushing same to obtain raw material powder; mixing the raw material powder and ethanol and performing extracting to obtain an extracting solution; concentrating the extracting solution to obtain thick paste, and adding a diluent into the thick paste for diluting to obtain an extracting solution; adsorbing the extracting solution to a facial mask and sealing to obtain the whitening and skincare mask.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to tcm field, particularly relate to a kind of method of preparation and use for the treatment of the whitening and skin-protecting facial film of comedo.
Background technology
Comedo formal name used at school acne, is also called acne, strong pimple, is that a kind of chronic inflammatory skin of pilosebaceous unit is sick, is mainly apt to occur in teenager, and clinical manifestation is to be apt to occur in the pleomorphism skin lesion such as acne, pimple, pustule, tuberosity of face for feature.
The factors such as the generation of comedo is main and hypersteatosis, pilosebaceous duct block, bacteriological infection and inflammatory reaction are closely related.After adolescing, in human body, the level of androgen particularly testosterone raises rapidly, promotes that sebaceous gland is grown and produces a large amount of sebum.The dyskeratosis of pilosebaceous duct causes catheter blockage, dyssebacia simultaneously, forms horn plug and micropowder thorn.Multiple-microorganism especially propionibacterium acnes amount reproduction in hair follicle, the lipase decomposition sebum that propionibacterium acnes produces generates free fatty, chemotactic inflammatory cell and medium simultaneously, final induction also exacerbate inflammation reaction.
At present, treatment comedo generally use topical antibiotic or hormone medicine, as tretinoin emulsifiable paste, benzoyl peroxide, erythromycin, chloromycetin etc., side effect is larger.
On the other hand, the vegetable protein contained in Herba Sonchi Oleracei has good non-oxidizability, anti-inflammation and sterilization effect, eliminating inflammation and expelling toxin effect; Borage has the multiple efficacies such as removing toxic substances, analgesia, clear inflammation; Fructus Litchi has acceleration toxin and gets rid of, promotes Hemapoiesis, makes the effects such as skin is delicate; Radix Dauci Sativae is rich in abundant carotene, pectin saccharide, volatile oil, anthocyanidin and multivitamin, has effect of eliminating toxin and beautifying the skin.Coconut juice rich in proteins and multivitamin, mineral, can play good moisturizing, skin care, skin care effect, and can promote cell metabolism.
But, also do not fully utilize Herba Sonchi Oleracei, borage, Fructus Litchi etc. at present, and these natural materials be combined with Chinese medicine composition, for the preparation of the report of the pure draft facial film for the treatment of comedo.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of preparation method for the treatment of the whitening and skin-protecting facial film of comedo, efficiently can treat comedo, beauty face-whitening-nourishing, have no side effect.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of using method for the treatment of the whitening and skin-protecting facial film of comedo, the effective ingredient of facial film can be made fully to absorb and be locked in skin pore, increase action time and the action effect of effective ingredient, improve the curative effect to comedo.
Other objects with some for achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
Treat a preparation method for the whitening and skin-protecting facial film of comedo, comprise the following steps:
Step one, raw material drying, pulverizing, obtain material powder; Wherein, described raw material mainly comprises the component of following weight portion: Herba Sonchi Oleracei 30-80, borage 30-80, coconut meat 30-50, Rhizoma Coptidis 2-5, Cortex Phellodendri 2-5, Radix Scutellariae 7-10, Flos Lonicerae 10-15, five-fingered jack 8-12, Fructus Forsythiae 8-12, Herba portulacae 8-10, Herba Taraxaci 10-15, Radix Rehmanniae 5-8, Cortex Moutan 5-8, Semen phaseoli radiati 8-15, Cornu Bubali 8-12, Flos Carthami 4-6, Semen Persicae 4-6, Medulla Junci 8-12, Exocarpium Benincasae 8-12, Herba Polygoni Avicularis 8-12, Pericarpium Citri tangerinae 6-8, Flos Rosae Rugosae 5-8 and Herba Menthae 8-12;
Step 2, by the 60-80% ethanol hybrid extraction of material powder and 10-15 times of volume, concrete extracting process is: the mixture of material powder and alcoholic solution is heated to 30-45 DEG C, then this temperature is kept to carry out ultrasonic vibration 10-18 minute, make cell breakage, dissolution of cellular content, continue to leave standstill after 30-40 minute, centrifugalize obtains supernatant, obtains extract;
Step 3, extract are concentrated, obtain thick paste;
Step 4, the diluent of gained thick paste with 10-15 times of volume to be mixed, obtain extracting solution; Wherein, described diluent by borage juice, Lychee juice, Radix Dauci Sativae juice, borage honey, coconut juice, peony seed oil and distilled water according to 2: 5: 5: 5: 10: 5: 50 volume ratio mix;
Step 5, be adsorbed onto on mask sheet by extracting solution, sealing, obtains described whitening and skin-protecting facial film.
Preferably, in the preparation method of the whitening and skin-protecting facial film of described treatment comedo, in step one, described raw material mainly comprises the component of following weight portion: Herba Sonchi Oleracei 50, borage 50, coconut meat 40, Rhizoma Coptidis 3, Cortex Phellodendri 3, Radix Scutellariae 8, Flos Lonicerae 12, five-fingered jack 10, Fructus Forsythiae 10, Herba portulacae 9, Herba Taraxaci 12, the Radix Rehmanniae 6, Cortex Moutan 6, Semen phaseoli radiati 12, Cornu Bubali 10, Flos Carthami 5, Semen Persicae 5, Medulla Junci 10, Exocarpium Benincasae 10, Herba Polygoni Avicularis 10, Pericarpium Citri tangerinae 7, Flos Rosae Rugosae 7 and Herba Menthae 10.
Preferably, in the preparation method of described treatment comedo ointment, in step 3, method for concentration is: extract is carried out 40-45 DEG C revolve steam evaporate completely to ethanol, obtain thick paste.
Preferably, in the preparation method of described treatment comedo ointment, after being mixed with diluent by gained thick paste, in frozen water, ultrasonic vibration 5-10 minute makes thick paste disperse, and obtains extracting solution.
Preferably, in the preparation method of described treatment comedo ointment, in step 4, also add the Margarita powder of 3% in extracting solution and grind.
Preferably, in the preparation method of described treatment comedo ointment, the juice of borage described in step 4 is squeezed the juice by fresh borage blade and is obtained; Described Lychee juice is obtained by the fresh squeezing of fresh lichee; Described Radix Dauci Sativae juice is obtained by the fresh squeezing of fresh carrot.
Treat a using method for the whitening and skin-protecting facial film of comedo, comprise the following steps:
Step 7.1, steam are stifling, and after clean, described facial film is spread on face, steam fumigates facial 15-20 minute;
Step 7.2, ice compress, use the ice bag of 4-10 DEG C by being pressed in facial film outside, pressing 5-10 minute;
Step 7.3, air-dry, after ice compress terminates, continue under room temperature to keep facial film 30 minutes more than extremely air-dry.
The present invention at least comprises following beneficial effect: first, the present invention combines with the Chinese medicine composition for the treatment of comedo by adopting Herba Sonchi Oleracei, borage, coconut meat, borage juice, Lychee juice, Radix Dauci Sativae juice, coconut juice etc., utilize Herba Sonchi Oleracei, Fructus Momordicae charantiae anti-inflammation and sterilization, refreshing and detoxicating, and possess the advantage compared with effects such as strong anti-oxidations, borage has the multiple efficacies such as removing toxic substances, analgesia, antiinflammatory, Fructus Litchi accelerates toxin and gets rid of, promotes Hemapoiesis, Radix Dauci Sativae eliminating toxin and beautifying the skin, coconut juice moisturizing, skin care, skin care, accelerate cell metabolism, in conjunction with theory of Chinese medical science, think that the pathology of comedo is that lung meridian heat in blood forms, the cause of disease is arranged in upper and middle portions of the body cavity, treatment is with Qingfei Liangxue, activating blood circulation to dissipate blood stasis, eliminating damp, detoxifying is main, and then by Herba Sonchi Oleracei, borage, coconut meat, Lychee juice etc. and other plurality of Chinese reasonable compatibilities, composition effectively can treat the compositions of comedo, and by optimized fabrication technique, the effective ingredient of various material can be retained to greatest extent, thus prepare the whitening and skin-protecting facial film efficiently can treating comedo, have no side effect, and there is whitening, effect of skin care.
Secondly, the present invention is by optimizing the using method of facial film, steam is first adopted to fumigate, skin pore is fully opened, the effective ingredient be beneficial to contained by facial film is fully absorbed in pore, then adopts ice compress and the mode of pressing, pore is shunk, effective ingredient is locked in skin, thus substantially increases the action effect of facial film.
Part is embodied by explanation below by other advantage of the present invention, target and feature, part also will by research and practice of the present invention by those skilled in the art is understood.
Detailed description of the invention
Below the present invention is elaborated, can implement according to this after consulting this description to make those of ordinary skill in the art.
Treat a preparation method for the whitening and skin-protecting facial film of comedo, comprise the following steps:
Step one, raw material drying, pulverizing, obtain material powder; Wherein, described raw material mainly comprises the component of following weight portion: Herba Sonchi Oleracei 30-80, borage 30-80, coconut meat 30-50, Rhizoma Coptidis 2-5, Cortex Phellodendri 2-5, Radix Scutellariae 7-10, Flos Lonicerae 10-15, five-fingered jack 8-12, Fructus Forsythiae 8-12, Herba portulacae 8-10, Herba Taraxaci 10-15, Radix Rehmanniae 5-8, Cortex Moutan 5-8, Semen phaseoli radiati 8-15, Cornu Bubali 8-12, Flos Carthami 4-6, Semen Persicae 4-6, Medulla Junci 8-12, Exocarpium Benincasae 8-12, Herba Polygoni Avicularis 8-12, Pericarpium Citri tangerinae 6-8, Flos Rosae Rugosae 5-8 and Herba Menthae 8-12;
Step 2, by the 60-80% ethanol hybrid extraction of material powder and 10-15 times of volume, concrete extracting process is: the mixture of material powder and alcoholic solution is heated to 30-45 DEG C, then this temperature is kept to carry out ultrasonic vibration 10-18 minute, make cell breakage, dissolution of cellular content, continue to leave standstill after 30-40 minute, centrifugalize obtains supernatant, obtains extract;
Step 3, extract are concentrated, obtain thick paste;
Step 4, the diluent of gained thick paste with 10-15 times of volume to be mixed, obtain extracting solution; Wherein, described diluent by borage juice, Lychee juice, Radix Dauci Sativae juice, borage honey, coconut juice, peony seed oil and distilled water according to 2: 5: 5: 5: 10: 5: 50 volume ratio mix;
Step 5, be adsorbed onto on mask sheet by extracting solution, sealing, obtains described whitening and skin-protecting facial film.
The present invention combines with the Chinese medicine composition for the treatment of comedo by adopting Herba Sonchi Oleracei, borage, coconut meat, borage juice, Lychee juice, Radix Dauci Sativae juice, coconut juice, borage honey etc., utilize Herba Sonchi Oleracei, Fructus Momordicae charantiae anti-inflammation and sterilization, refreshing and detoxicating, and possess the advantage compared with effects such as strong anti-oxidations; Borage has the multiple efficacies such as removing toxic substances, analgesia, antiinflammatory; Fructus Litchi accelerates toxin and gets rid of, promotes Hemapoiesis; Radix Dauci Sativae eliminating toxin and beautifying the skin; Coconut juice moisturizing, skin care, skin care, accelerate cell metabolism; Peony seed oil is conducive to cutaneous circulation, and has the specially good effect of beauty face-whitening-nourishing.Borage honey has stronger antioxidation, improve effect of skin, in conjunction with theory of Chinese medical science, think that the pathology of comedo is that lung meridian heat in blood forms, the cause of disease is arranged in upper and middle portions of the body cavity, treatment is with Qingfei Liangxue, activating blood circulation to dissipate blood stasis, eliminating damp, detoxifying is main, and then by Herba Sonchi Oleracei, borage, coconut meat, Lychee juice etc. and other plurality of Chinese reasonable compatibilities, composition effectively can treat the compositions of comedo, and by optimized fabrication technique, the effective ingredient of various material can be retained to greatest extent, thus prepare the whitening and skin-protecting facial film efficiently can treating comedo, have no side effect, and there is whitening, effect of skin care.
The concrete pharmacology of described Chinese medicine composition is: Rhizoma Coptidis is used for carbuncle sore tumefacting virus, the fire that removing pathogen in the heart is dirty, damp-heat in middle-JIAO of dispelling, and all skin ulcers must be used; Cortex Phellodendri and Rhizoma Coptidis are with using the effect that can strengthen eliminating fire and detoxication, remuval of damp and hot; Radix Scutellariae bitter cold, dampness, to expel the heat-evil, and can detoxify, the especially pyretic toxicity of lung meridian; Flos Lonicerae heat-clearing and toxic substances removing, with Cortex Moutan, the Radix Rehmanniae together with protecting the moon, removing pathogenic heat from blood and toxic substance from the body by clearing heat in YING system; Fructus Forsythiae is used for pyretic toxicity and pents up caused various sore carbuncle, energy eliminating carbuncle eliminating stagnation; Herba portulacae is again the five elements grass, can reduce inflammation, increases the resistance to oxidation of Skin Cell, and heat-clearing and toxic substances removing, cooling blood for hemostasis, dissipating blood stasis for subsidence of swelling; Herba Taraxaci heat-clearing and toxic substances removing, eliminating carbuncle eliminating stagnation, dampness removing; Radix Rehmanniae clearing away heat and cooling blood, YIN nourishing and the production of body fluid promoting; Semen phaseoli radiati heat-clearing and toxic substances removing, inducing diuresis to remove edema; Cornu Bubali removing pathogenic heat from blood and toxic substance from the body; Flos Carthami activating blood circulation to dissipate blood stasis, looks improving and the skin nourishing, removing pathogenic heat from blood and toxic substance from the body, can regulate pigment to precipitate in skin surface; Semen Persicae, bitter in the mouth, can rush down heat in blood, grow dryness of the intestine; Herba Polygoni Avicularis bitter in the mouth and trembling with fear, clearing away heat-fire; Pericarpium Citri tangerinae dampness, phlegm-eliminiating and qi-regulating; Flos Rosae Rugosae pathogenic fire reducing gas, conditioning vim and vigour, blood circulation promoting, skin maintenance, contributes to metabolism; Herba Menthae wind-dispelling heat-dissipating, resolving depression, heat-clearing and toxic substances removing, itch stopping and diminish inflammation.
In the preparation method of the whitening and skin-protecting facial film of described treatment comedo, in step one, described raw material mainly comprises the component of following weight portion: Herba Sonchi Oleracei 50, borage 50, coconut meat 40, Rhizoma Coptidis 3, Cortex Phellodendri 3, Radix Scutellariae 8, Flos Lonicerae 12, five-fingered jack 10, Fructus Forsythiae 10, Herba portulacae 9, Herba Taraxaci 12, the Radix Rehmanniae 6, Cortex Moutan 6, Semen phaseoli radiati 12, Cornu Bubali 10, Flos Carthami 5, Semen Persicae 5, Medulla Junci 10, Exocarpium Benincasae 10, Herba Polygoni Avicularis 10, Pericarpium Citri tangerinae 7, Flos Rosae Rugosae 7 and Herba Menthae 10.
In the preparation method of described treatment comedo ointment, in step 2, by 75% ethanol hybrid extraction of material powder and 12 times of volumes.
In the preparation method of described treatment comedo ointment, in step 3, method for concentration is: extract is carried out 40-45 DEG C revolve steam evaporate completely to ethanol, obtain thick paste.Select low temperature to revolve steaming, and proper extension revolve the time of steaming, is also the biological activity in order to maximally retain active substance in extract, avoids its high temperature to be damaged.
In the preparation method of described treatment comedo ointment, after being mixed with diluent by gained thick paste, in frozen water, ultrasonic vibration 5-10 minute makes thick paste disperse, and obtains extracting solution.In frozen water, carry out ultrasonic vibration can keep low temperature state, avoid effective ingredient to be damaged.
In the preparation method of described treatment comedo ointment, in step 4, also add the Margarita powder of 3% in extracting solution and grind.Margarita powder can not only clearing away heart-fire, contributes to the healing of comedo, and has effect of beauty face-whitening-nourishing.
In the preparation method of described treatment comedo ointment, the juice of borage described in step 4 is squeezed the juice by fresh borage blade and is obtained; Described Lychee juice is obtained by the fresh squeezing of fresh lichee; Described Radix Dauci Sativae juice is obtained by the fresh squeezing of fresh carrot.Adopt fresh squeezeding juice directly to add in thick paste, effective substance composition can be remained with more fully, improve effect of described ointment.
Treat a using method for the whitening and skin-protecting facial film of comedo, comprise the following steps:
Step 7.1, steam are stifling, and after clean, described facial film is spread on face, steam fumigates facial 15-20 minute;
Step 7.2, ice compress, use the ice bag of 4-10 DEG C by being pressed in facial film outside, pressing 5-10 minute;
Step 7.3, air-dry, after ice compress terminates, continue under room temperature to keep facial film 30 minutes more than extremely air-dry.
The present invention is by optimizing the using method of facial film, steam is first adopted to fumigate, skin pore is fully opened, the effective ingredient be beneficial to contained by facial film is fully absorbed in pore, then ice compress is adopted and the mode of pressing, pore is shunk, effective ingredient is locked in skin, thus substantially increase the action effect of facial film.
The foregoing is only embodiment of the present invention; not thereby the scope of the claims of the present invention is limited; every utilize description of the present invention to do equivalent structure or the conversion of equivalent flow process, or indirectly or be directly used in other correlative technology fields, include in scope of patent protection of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. treat a preparation method for the whitening and skin-protecting facial film of comedo, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
Step one, raw material drying, pulverizing, obtain material powder; Wherein, described raw material mainly comprises the component of following weight portion: Herba Sonchi Oleracei 30-80, borage 30-80, coconut meat 30-50, Rhizoma Coptidis 2-5, Cortex Phellodendri 2-5, Radix Scutellariae 7-10, Flos Lonicerae 10-15, five-fingered jack 8-12, Fructus Forsythiae 8-12, Herba portulacae 8-10, Herba Taraxaci 10-15, Radix Rehmanniae 5-8, Cortex Moutan 5-8, Semen phaseoli radiati 8-15, Cornu Bubali 8-12, Flos Carthami 4-6, Semen Persicae 4-6, Medulla Junci 8-12, Exocarpium Benincasae 8-12, Herba Polygoni Avicularis 8-12, Pericarpium Citri tangerinae 6-8, Flos Rosae Rugosae 5-8 and Herba Menthae 8-12;
Step 2, by the 60-80% ethanol hybrid extraction of material powder and 10-15 times of volume, concrete extracting process is: the mixture of material powder and alcoholic solution is heated to 30-45 DEG C, then this temperature is kept to carry out ultrasonic vibration 1--18 minute, make cell breakage, dissolution of cellular content, continue to leave standstill after 30-40 minute, centrifugalize obtains supernatant, obtains extract;
Step 3, extract are concentrated, obtain thick paste;
Step 4, the diluent of gained thick paste with 10-15 times of volume to be mixed, obtain extracting solution; Wherein, described diluent by borage juice, Lychee juice, Radix Dauci Sativae juice, borage honey, coconut juice, peony seed oil and distilled water according to 2: 5: 5: 5: 10: 5: 50 volume ratio mix;
Step 5, be adsorbed onto on mask sheet by extracting solution, sealing, obtains described whitening and skin-protecting facial film.
2. the preparation method of the whitening and skin-protecting facial film for the treatment of comedo as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step one, described raw material mainly comprises the component of following weight portion: Herba Sonchi Oleracei 50, borage 50, coconut meat 40, Rhizoma Coptidis 3, Cortex Phellodendri 3, Radix Scutellariae 8, Flos Lonicerae 12, five-fingered jack 10, Fructus Forsythiae 10, Herba portulacae 9, Herba Taraxaci 12, the Radix Rehmanniae 6, Cortex Moutan 6, Semen phaseoli radiati 12, Cornu Bubali 10, Flos Carthami 5, Semen Persicae 5, Medulla Junci 10, Exocarpium Benincasae 10, Herba Polygoni Avicularis 10, Pericarpium Citri tangerinae 7, Flos Rosae Rugosae 7 and Herba Menthae 10.
3. the preparation method of the whitening and skin-protecting facial film for the treatment of comedo as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step 3, method for concentration is: extract is carried out 40-45 DEG C and revolve to steam and evaporate completely to ethanol, obtain thick paste.
4. the preparation method of the whitening and skin-protecting facial film for the treatment of comedo as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, after being mixed with diluent by gained thick paste, in frozen water, ultrasonic vibration 5-10 minute makes thick paste disperse, and obtains extracting solution.
5. the preparation method of the whitening and skin-protecting facial film for the treatment of comedo as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, in step 4, also add the Margarita powder of 3% and grind in extracting solution.
6. the preparation method of the whitening and skin-protecting facial film for the treatment of comedo as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the juice of borage described in step 4 is squeezed the juice by fresh borage blade and is obtained; Described Lychee juice is obtained by the fresh squeezing of fresh lichee; Described Radix Dauci Sativae juice is obtained by the fresh squeezing of fresh carrot.
7. a using method for the whitening and skin-protecting facial film for the treatment of comedo as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
Step 7.1, steam are stifling, and after clean, described facial film is spread on face, steam fumigates facial 15-20 minute;
Step 7.2, ice compress, use the ice bag of 4-10 DEG C by being pressed in facial film outside, pressing 5-10 minute;
Step 7.3, air-dry, after ice compress terminates, continue under room temperature to keep facial film 30 minutes more than extremely air-dry.
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Application publication date: 20160323 |