CN105408407A - 阀门构件 - Google Patents

阀门构件 Download PDF

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CN105408407A
CN105408407A CN201480036057.5A CN201480036057A CN105408407A CN 105408407 A CN105408407 A CN 105408407A CN 201480036057 A CN201480036057 A CN 201480036057A CN 105408407 A CN105408407 A CN 105408407A
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J-M·波佩
J·德梅
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Xie Mu Alta Holdings Ltd.
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于泡沫产品的分配器阀的阀门构件,和特别地用于聚氨酯泡沫容器的分配器阀,其包含相对于密封是可移动的阀门构件。本发明也涉及这种分配器阀和泡沫容器。为了提供用于阀门构件的可替换的材料,本发明提出该阀门构件由填充了1wt%-60wt%的玄武岩颗粒的塑性材料制成。令人惊讶地发现,与未填充的塑料和玻璃填充的塑料相比,以这样的含量用玄武岩颗粒填充的塑料制备的阀门构件显示出改进的性能,例如强度和磨损率。

Description

阀门构件
本发明涉及用于泡沫产品的分配器阀、特别地用于聚氨酯泡沫容器的分配器阀的阀门构件,,包含相对于密封(sealing)是可移动的阀门构件。本发明也涉及这种分配器阀和泡沫容器。
已发现例如聚氨酯泡沫的泡沫在建筑行业具有广泛的应用,例如作为填料和隔热材料。存在一组分(1K)和双组分(2K)的聚氨酯泡沫,前者是湿气固化,而后者不需要湿气进行固化。这两种聚氨酯泡沫通常包装在具有分配器阀的喷雾罐中。当使用者操纵该分配器阀时,该阀门构件被移动并且使得该泡沫被分配。作为分配器阀的最常用的部件,其在分配器阀的寿命内具有足够的耐久性。
而且,在1K和2K聚氨酯泡沫的情况下存在粘结的问题。如果湿气通过分配器阀迁移到喷雾罐内时,该泡沫会在阀门构件附近固化并且会妨碍该阀的操作,在其关闭时会密封。
已知玻璃填充的聚烯烃比没有玻璃填充的聚烯烃更耐用。由具有3-30%玻璃含量的玻璃填充聚乙烯制备的阀门构件公开在EP1789343B1。与没有玻璃填充的阀门构件相比,该上面描述的阀门构件能更加抵抗源自湿气渗透的故障。然而,玻璃填充材料的表面粗糙度不满足所有技术应用,并且导致生产工具和装配线的磨损增大。
EP262649A2描述了一种使用包含玄武岩填料和某种增强添加剂的相容性混合物制备不相容的热塑性烃聚合物混合物的方法。
在EP2354037A1中解决了气体损失问题,其中该阀门构件包含具有附加层的环形基础法兰,用于改进索环法兰的底面的密封。这除了对粘结具有良好的抗性之外,还良好地防止了气体损失,但是该阀门构件的成本对商业产品来说相对较高,该商业产品例如含有湿气可固化组合物的容器,例如聚氨酯。
已指出,尽管已经提出解决方案,但是仍然存在降低产品成本和同时确保该阀的最佳稳定性、强度、粘结抗性和气体损失性能的需求。
因此本发明的目的在于提供用于满足这些条件的阀门构件的材料。
所述目的是按照本发明完成的:该阀门构件由填充了1wt%-60wt%的玄武岩颗粒的塑性材料制成。
令人惊讶地发现,与未填充的塑料和玻璃填充的塑料相比,以这样的含量用玄武岩颗粒填充的塑料制备的阀门构件显示出改进的性能,例如强度和磨损率。
本发明的优选实施方式为该玄武岩颗粒选自包含玄武岩颗粒,云母颗粒,硅灰石颗粒和滑石颗粒的组。
在测试中使用玄武岩纤维达到了最佳的结果。然而,其他各种颗粒也显示出足够的抗性。
本发明的改进包括在该塑性材料中添加相容剂。
实际上,相容剂的添加改进了塑料与玄武岩颗粒之间的粘结性。
在本发明的范围内,该相容剂选自马来酸,马来酸与脂肪族、芳香族或杂环多元醇的缩合产物,脂肪族的丙烯酰胺、马来酰亚胺或马来酰胺酸,氨基硅烷,烷基硅烷,芳香族或杂环聚胺和二氧化钛。
已发现马来酸的衍生物和氨基硅烷,烷基硅烷,芳香族或杂环聚胺是非常合适的用于改进塑料与玄武岩颗粒之间粘结性的相容剂。
根据本发明,该塑料选自聚烯烃,聚酯和聚甲醛。
优选聚烯烃选自聚乙烯,聚丙烯,中密度聚乙烯,中密度聚丙烯,高密度聚乙烯,高密度聚丙烯和茂金属聚乙烯。
用于该阀门构件的优选的塑性材料为聚乙烯,尤其是高密度聚乙烯,这是因为这些材料用于该阀门构件已经成功使用了很多年,并且它们在市场上可以以合理的价格获得。
优选的聚酯为聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯和聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯。
根据本发明优选的实施方式,该玄武岩颗粒以玄武岩纤维,玄武岩粉末或玄武岩纳米粉末的形式。
在本文中,优选该玄武岩纤维具有0.1-12mm的平均长度,优选1-8mm,和最优选2-6mm。
该玄武岩纤维的宽/长比为1∶20至1∶500,优选1∶50至1∶250,和最优选已经给出最佳结果的1∶100至1∶200。
优选该玄武岩粉末具有0.1mm-10mm的平均粒径,优选1-8mm,和最优选3-6mm。
玄武岩纤维和玄武岩颗粒各自在长度上的平均颗粒尺寸大约与用于生产阀门构件的塑性颗粒的长度相同。
关于玄武岩纳米颗粒,该平均颗粒尺寸为1nm-100nm,优选10nm-50nm,和最优选20nm-30nm。
优选,该阀门构件由用1wt%-50wt%玄武岩颗粒填充的塑性材料制备,优选5-40wt%,最优选10-35wt%。
本发明也涉及用于泡沫产品的分配器阀,其包含相对于密封是可移动的阀门构件,该阀门构件为根据本发明的阀门构件。
本发明的一个优选的实施方式为该分配器阀是用于单组分或双组分聚氨酯泡沫的分配器阀。
单组分(1K-)或双组分(2K-)聚氨酯泡沫广泛地用于工业和建筑行业中。
本发明进一步涉及具有分配器阀的泡沫容器,该分配器阀为根据本发明的分配器阀。
以下进一步详细说明本发明优选的实施方式。
实施例1:
阀门构件由包含高密度聚乙烯和长玄武岩纤维构成的塑性颗粒制成。该塑性颗粒具有约9mm的平均尺寸和用33wt%的玄武岩纤维填充,该玄武岩纤维具有与塑性颗粒的尺寸基本上相同的平均长度(约8mm)和17μm的平均直径。该玄武岩纤维具有环氧涂层和使用马来酸作为相容剂。
通过注塑上述组合物制备的阀门构件用在1K-或2K-聚氨酯泡沫容器的分配器阀中。其显示出较好的机械抗性(断裂应力(DINEN527):80MPa,断裂应变(DINEN527):3%,拉伸模量(DINEN527):5800MPa)和较少的粘结,即与传统阀门构件相比,非固意固化的容器内容物粘结至阀门构件并妨碍阀门的操作的可能性很小。
实施例2:
阀门构件由包含高密度聚乙烯和短玄武岩纤维构成的塑性颗粒制成。该塑性颗粒具有约9mm的平均尺寸和用33wt%的玄武岩纤维填充,该玄武岩纤维具有约1mm的平均长度和17μm的平均直径和使用马来酸作为相容剂。
通过注塑上述组合物制备的阀门构件用在1K-或2K-聚氨酯泡沫容器的分配器阀中。其显示出较好的机械抗性(断裂应力(DINEN527):80MPa,断裂应变(DINEN527):3%,拉伸模量(DINEN527):5800MPa)和较少的粘结,即与传统阀门构件相比,非固意固化的容器内容物粘结至阀门构件并妨碍阀门的操作的可能性很小。
实施例3:
阀门构件由包含高密度聚乙烯和长玄武岩纤维构成的塑性颗粒制成。该塑性颗粒具有约9mm的平均尺寸和用33wt%的玄武岩纤维填充,该玄武岩纤维具有与塑性颗粒的尺寸基本上相同的平均长度(约8mm)和17μm的平均直径。该玄武岩纤维具有环氧涂层和使用马来酸作为相容剂。
通过注塑上述组合物来制备的阀门构件用在1K-或2K-聚氨酯泡沫容器的分配器阀中。其显示出较好的机械抗性(断裂应力(DINEN527):80MPa,断裂应变(DINEN527):3%,拉伸模量(DINEN527):5800MPa)和较少的粘结,即与传统阀门构件相比,非固意固化的容器内容粘物结至阀门构件并妨碍阀门的操作的可能性很小。
图1显示循环测试的结果。
在循环测试中,在不同温度下,倒置的罐中储存气体,以使该阀门直接与该气体接触。在x轴上显示了该罐暴露于不同的循环和温度,例如
循环1:
在23℃下72小时
在-20℃下48小时
在23℃下24小时
在45℃下24小时
……
循环4
在23℃下7天,罐直立。
在每一个循环步骤后,测量气体损失并且指示在图1中的y轴上,以g为单位。
使用标准阀门(A3105)进行该循环测试,其阀门构件(阀杆)由填充了33wt%玻璃纤维的聚乙烯制成,和使用具有由填充了33wt%玄武岩纤维的聚乙烯制备的阀杆的阀(EXP3105-47)进行循环测试。
从结果中可以发现具有玄武岩填充的阀杆的阀门(上面的曲线)与填充玻璃纤维的标准阀门(下面的曲线)相比显示出较少的气体损失。

Claims (14)

1.阀门构件,其特征在于:该阀门构件由填充了最为1wt%-60wt%的玄武岩颗粒的塑性材料制成。
2.根据权利要求1或2的阀门构件,其特征在于:将相容剂加入到该塑性材料中。
3.根据权利要求1-3任一项的阀门构件,其特征在于:该相容剂选自马来酸,马来酸与脂肪族、芳香族或杂环多元醇的缩合产物,脂肪族的丙烯酰胺、马来酰亚胺或马来酰胺酸,氨基硅烷,烷基硅烷,芳香族或杂环聚胺和二氧化钛。
4.根据权利要求1-4任一项的阀门构件,其特征在于:该塑料选自聚烯烃,聚酯和聚甲醛。
5.根据权利要求1-5任一项的阀门构件,其特征在于:该聚烯烃选自聚乙烯,聚丙烯,中密度聚乙烯,中密度聚丙烯,高密度聚乙烯,高密度聚丙烯和茂金属聚乙烯。
6.根据权利要求1-5任一项的阀门构件,其特征在于:该聚酯选自聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯和聚碳酸酯。
7.根据权利要求1-7任一项的阀门构件,其特征在于:该玄武岩颗粒为玄武岩纤维,玄武岩粉末或玄武岩纳米粉末的形式。
8.根据权利要求1-8任一项的阀门构件,其特征在于:该玄武岩纤维具有0.1-12mm的平均长度,优选1-8mm,最优选2-6mm。
9.根据权利要求1-9任一项的阀门构件,其特征在于:该玄武岩纤维的平均宽/长比为1∶20至1∶500,优选1∶50至1∶250,最优选的1∶100至1∶200。
10.根据权利要求1-10任一项的阀门构件,其特征在于:该玄武岩粉末具有0.1mm-10mm的平均粒径,优选1-8mm,最优选3-6mm。
11.根据权利要求1-10任一项的阀门构件,其特征在于:该玄武岩纳米粉末具有1nm-100nm的平均颗粒尺寸,优选10nm-50nm,最优选20nm-30nm。
12.根据权利要求1-12任一项的阀门构件,其特征在于:该阀门构件由用1wt%-50wt%量的玄武岩颗粒填充的塑性材料制成,优选5-40wt%,最优选10-35wt%。
13.用于泡沫产品、特别是用于聚氨酯泡沫的分配器阀,包含相对于密封是可移动的阀门构件,其特征在于:该阀门构件为根据权利要求1-13任一项的阀门构件。
14.具有分配器阀的泡沫容器,其特征在于:该分配器阀为根据权利要求13或14的分配器阀。
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