CN105405545A - Insulator and method for improving surface electric strength of insulator - Google Patents
Insulator and method for improving surface electric strength of insulator Download PDFInfo
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- CN105405545A CN105405545A CN201510872742.8A CN201510872742A CN105405545A CN 105405545 A CN105405545 A CN 105405545A CN 201510872742 A CN201510872742 A CN 201510872742A CN 105405545 A CN105405545 A CN 105405545A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an insulator, which comprises two insulator non-groove regions and an insulator groove region, wherein the insulator groove region is located between the two insulator non-groove regions; a plurality of grooves are formed in the insulator groove region; an intercalation electrode is arranged in each groove; cathodes and anodes are arranged in the two insulator non-groove regions respectively; and the grooves, the cathodes and the anodes are located at the same side of the insulator. According to the insulator, adjustment of secondary electron emission and multiplication processes of the surface of the insulator is achieved by simultaneously utilizing the grooves in the surface of the insulator and a periodically changing normal electric field generated by intercalation of the metal electrodes, so that the target of improving the vacuum surface electrical resistance characteristic of the insulator is achieved. The method disclosed by the invention is easy to process, low in manufacturing technology difficulty, and beneficial to conversion toward an actual engineering application layer; and development of a pulse power technology is promoted.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to insulator technology field, particularly a kind of insulator and improve insulator along the method for face electric strength.
Background technology
Will surface breakdown be there is in insulator under far below the breakdown strength of self and same size vacuum gap, critical the puncturing of such as vacuum is about 350kV/cm, high-purity alpha-alumina pottery is about 300 ~ 400kV/cm, and flashover will occur vacuum-aluminium oxide ceramics system usually under the electric field of tens kV/cm, this phenomenon seriously governs the insulation property of high pressure vacuum electrical system.Compared with conventional electrovacuum equipment, the requirement of the restriction that pulse power device factor receptor amasss and compactedness, its Insulation Problems is particularly outstanding.That improves insulator has become along face electric strength the problem cannot avoided in the development of large-scale pulse power device, is the Pinch technology of Limited Pulses power technology development.Therefore, research insulator edge flashing phenomenon and formation mechenism thereof, find the method improving its flashover voltage significant.
The edge flashing of solid insulation is a kind of surface interface physical phenomenon occurring in complexity under high electric field in complex media system in itself, large quantity research shows: electrode material and structure, electrode-medium contact mode, isolator material and geometry, surface appearance and pre-arcing process, apply voltage waveform, vacuum degree, temperature, the many factors such as magnetic field all can affect insulator surface flashover characteristics.Research is thought under the prerequisite of the performance such as mechanics, calorifics ensureing insulating material, consider that prioritizing selection dielectric constant is little as a whole, surface resistivity suitably little, that secondary electron yield is little, low, the surperficial outgas of shallow energy level trap density is weak material contribute to improving the insulation characterisitic of insulator under pulse voltage, single parameter is excellent might not resistance to electrical characteristics be good along face.To specific insulation system, be optimized design to the shape of near interface electrode and medium, as electrode embeds, insulating material is inner or insulating material intercalation electrode is inner, use the measure such as shading ring, insulator edge chamfer can improve its edge flashing voltage.Excellent insulating material is only had to coordinate the insulating structure design optimized just can show splendid performance.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of insulator and improve the method for insulator along face electric strength, to improve the edge flashing voltage of insulator.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme to be achieved:
A kind of insulator, comprise two insulators without cutting region and at two insulators without the insulator cutting region between cutting region; Insulator cutting region is provided with several grooves; Intercalation electrode is provided with in groove.
Further, two insulators are respectively arranged with negative electrode and anode without on cutting region; Described groove, negative electrode and anode are positioned at insulator the same side.
Further, the distance of insulator cutting region and negative electrode is 0mm; Or the distance of insulator cutting region and anode is 0mm; Or the spacing between insulator cutting region and anode is greater than 0mm; Spacing between insulator cutting region and negative electrode is greater than 0mm; Center line between negative electrode and anode overlaps with the center line in insulator cutting region.
Further, the material of this insulator is conventional organic insulating material, as polytetrafluoroethylene, polymethyl methacrylate, crosslinked polystyrene, polyethylene, Merlon, epoxy resin, polyimides etc.
Further, insulator cutting region account for insulator surface long-pending 1/3 ~ 1/2; The bearing of trend of groove is vertical with the line between negative electrode and anode.
Further, the spacing between negative electrode and anode is 15mm, the long 5mm in insulator cutting region, and insulator surface chamfered shape is rectangle, and cutting parameter is: groove width G
w0.5mm, groove depth G
d2mm, separation G
d0.5mm, intercalation electrode adopts the copper wire of diameter 0.5mm, and negative electrode and positive electrode all adopts stainless steel.
Further, insulator is without cutting region outer edge half separation near the outermost groove in distance insulator cutting region, edge in insulator cutting region.
Improve the method for insulator along face electric strength, comprise the following steps:
(1) prepare insulator, and carry out cutting in its surface, form insulator cutting region, insulator cutting region account for insulator surface long-pending 1/3 ~ 1/2;
(2) prepare the intercalation electrode in embedded groove, the cutting in intercalation electrode and step matches; Embed surface and carry out polishing, make its surface can not cause the defect of electric field distortion;
(3) intercalation electrode of preparation in above-mentioned steps (2) is installed on bottom the cutting prepared by step (1).
Further, the shape of groove is rectangle, and the shape of intercalation electrode is circular or rectangle; Described defect is most advanced and sophisticated or burr.
Further,
The distance of the negative electrode installation region on insulator cutting region and insulator is 0mm;
Or the anode installation region distance on insulator cutting region and insulator is 0mm;
Or the spacing of the negative electrode installation region on insulator cutting region and insulator is greater than 0mm; Spacing between anode installation region on insulator cutting region and insulator is greater than 0mm; Negative electrode installation region on insulator and the center line between the anode installation region on insulator overlap with the center line in insulator cutting region.
Further, the negative electrode installation region on insulator and the spacing between the anode installation region on insulator are 15mm, and the long 5mm in insulator cutting region, insulator surface chamfered shape is rectangle, and cutting parameter is: groove width G
w0.5mm, groove depth G
d2mm, separation G
d0.5mm, intercalation electrode adopts the copper wire of diameter 0.5mm.
Relative to prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
Based on secondary snowslide (Secondaryelectronemissionavalanche, SEEA) theoretical, in vacuum, the edge flashing of insulator originates in the Field Electron Emission of the junction of negative electrode, vacuum and insulating material, initiating electron collides with insulating material surface formation secondary under electric field action, and then generation electron avalanche, cause adsorption desorbing gas and ionize and cause flashover.Along face, resistance to electrical characteristics develop skill the dielectric that the present invention proposes, utilize insulator surface cutting simultaneously and produce secondary and the multiplicative process that periodically variable normal electric field reaches adjustment insulator surface because embedding metal electrode, thus realize the object improving insulator resistance to electrical characteristics along face.The inventive method is easy to realize processing, and manufacturing technology difficulty is low, is conducive to transforming to practical engineering application aspect, the development of driving pulse power technology.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the cross-sectional schematic that the present invention embeds metallic surface cutting insulator structure.In figure: 1 is insulator cutting region, 2 is insulator without cutting region, 3 for embedding metal, and 4 is negative electrode, and 5 is anode.In addition, in figure, each physical quantity is defined as: G
w-groove width, G
d-groove depth, G
d-separation, the distance of l-cutting region and negative electrode, d-electrode spacing.
Fig. 2 tests the High Voltage Impulse Waveform schematic diagram adopted for sample flashover delay character.
Fig. 3 is the vacuum edge flashing delay character schematic diagram of PTFE insulator cutting when negative electrode (l=0).
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and the specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail, should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.
Refer to shown in Fig. 1, a kind of insulator of the present invention comprises: insulator, embedding metal 3, negative electrode 4, anode 5.Insulator comprise two insulators without cutting region 2 and at two insulators without the insulator cutting region 1 between cutting region 2, negative electrode 4 and anode 5 are arranged at two insulators respectively without on cutting region 2.Periphery, insulator cutting region 1 is provided with multiple groove; Intercalation electrode 3 is provided with in groove.Insulator cutting region 1 and insulator are outer edge+1/2 separation G of the groove of the most both sides in insulator cutting region 1 without the border between cutting region 2
d.Insulator can be plate shaped, circular arc or other shape.
The present invention is a kind of improves the method for insulator along face electric strength, comprises the following steps:
(1) insulator is prepared, and cutting (near negative electrode, near anode and electrode zone line) is carried out in the high field area, local on its surface, form insulator cutting region (1), insulator cutting region (1) account for insulator surface long-pending 1/3 ~ 1/2; Chamfered shape is chosen as rectangle; Insulator can be rectangular slab or other shape;
(2) prepare the intercalation electrode (3) in embedded groove, the cutting in intercalation electrode and step (1) matches, and intercalation electrode shape is chosen as circle or rectangle; Embed surface and carry out polishing, make its surface can cause the defect of electric field distortion without tip, burr etc.;
(3) intercalation electrode of preparation in above-mentioned steps (2) is installed on bottom the cutting prepared by step (1), and guarantees that the two assembling is good.
The material of the insulator of the embodiment of the present invention is polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), and electrode spacing d fixes 15mm, the long 5mm in insulator cutting region 1, and insulator surface chamfered shape is rectangle, cutting setting parameter groove width G
w0.5mm, groove depth G
d2mm, separation G
d0.5mm, intercalation electrode 3 adopts diameter 0.5mm, the copper wire of length 140mm, and negative electrode 4 and anode 5 all adopt stainless steel.The insulation system of preparation is carried out the test of flashover delay character, the positive polarity High Voltage Impulse Waveform adopted as shown in Figure 2, pulse front edge 30ns.
Embodiment one
Insulator cutting region near negative electrode, i.e., during the distance l=0 of cutting region and negative electrode, embeds the delay character of the edge flashing of metallic surface cutting insulator as shown in Figure 3.As can be seen from the figure compared to during without cutting, after insulator surface cutting, flashover time delay significantly improves; After embedding metal in groove, flashover time delay increases further.Table 1 gives insulator surface without under cutting, embedding three kinds of situations such as metal in cathode zone cutting and groove, the electric field strength corresponding to different flashover time delay.When flashover time delay is 50ns, the flashover field intensity of surface groove is 43.4kV/cm, and the flashover field intensity embedding metal in groove is 52.2kV/cm, and embeds metal in groove compared to the flashover field intensity of cutting and improve 20.3%; When flashover time delay is 100ns, the flashover field intensity of surface groove is 29.2kV/cm, and the flashover field intensity embedding metal in groove is 37.5kV/cm, and embeds metal in groove and improve 28.4% compared to the flashover field intensity of cutting.
Table 1 cutting region (l=0) when negative electrode, embeds the flashover field intensity (unit: kV/cm) before and after metal
Embodiment two
Insulator cutting position is positioned at electrode zone line, during the distance l=5mm of i.e. cutting region and negative electrode, table 2 gives insulator surface without under cutting, embedding three kinds of situations such as metal in cathode zone cutting and groove, the electric field strength corresponding to different flashover time delay.When flashover time delay is 50ns, the flashover field intensity of surface groove is 26.7kV/cm, and the flashover field intensity embedding metal in groove is 41.0kV/cm, and embeds metal in groove compared to the flashover field intensity of cutting and improve 53.5%; When flashover time delay is 100ns, the flashover field intensity of surface groove is 22.3kV/cm, and the flashover field intensity embedding metal in groove is 29.8kV/cm, and embeds metal in groove and improve 33.6% compared to the flashover field intensity of cutting.
Table 2 cutting is positioned at electrode zone line (l=5mm), embeds flashover field intensity contrast (unit: kV/cm) before and after metal
Embodiment three
Insulator cutting position is near anode, i.e., during the distance l=10mm of cutting region and negative electrode, table 3 gives insulator surface without under cutting, embedding three kinds of situations such as metal in cathode zone cutting and groove, the electric field strength corresponding to different flashover time delay.When flashover time delay is 50ns, the flashover field intensity of surface groove is 41.9kV/cm, and the flashover field intensity embedding metal in groove is 57.4kV/cm, and embeds metal in groove compared to the flashover field intensity of cutting and improve 37.0%; When flashover time delay is 100ns, the flashover field intensity of surface groove is 30.1kV/cm, and the flashover field intensity embedding metal in groove is 39.0kV/cm, and embeds metal in groove and improve 29.6% compared to the flashover field intensity of cutting.
Table 3 cutting is positioned at electrode zone line (l=10mm), embeds flashover field intensity contrast (unit: kV/cm) before and after metal
Above-described embodiment shows: embed the surface flashover characteristics that metal effectively can improve insulator in groove.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; should be understood that; to at those of ordinary skill in the art; under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention; some improvements and modifications can also be made (as the optimization of the groove parameters such as groove width, groove depth, separation; the area in cutting region and the optimization of position, parameter optimization of intercalation electrode etc.), these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. an insulator, is characterized in that, comprises two insulators without cutting region (2) be positioned at two insulators without the insulator cutting region (1) between cutting region (2); Insulator cutting region (1) is provided with several grooves; Intercalation electrode (3) is provided with in groove.
2. a kind of insulator according to claim 1, is characterized in that, two insulators are without cutting region (2) being respectively arranged with negative electrode (4) and anode (5).
3. a kind of insulator according to claim 2, is characterized in that, insulator cutting region (1) is 0mm with the distance of negative electrode;
Or insulator cutting region (1) is 0mm with the distance of anode;
Or the spacing between insulator cutting region (1) and anode is greater than 0mm; Spacing between insulator cutting region (1) and negative electrode is greater than 0mm; Center line between negative electrode (4) and anode (5) overlaps with the center line in insulator cutting region (1).
4. a kind of insulator according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the material of this insulator is polytetrafluoroethylene, polymethyl methacrylate, crosslinked polystyrene, polyethylene, Merlon, epoxy resin or polyimides.
5. a kind of insulator according to claim 1, is characterized in that, insulator cutting region (1) account for insulator surface long-pending 1/3 ~ 1/2; The bearing of trend of groove is vertical with the line between negative electrode (4) and anode (5).
6. a kind of insulator according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, the spacing between negative electrode (4) and anode (5) is 15mm, insulator cutting region (1) long 5mm, insulator surface chamfered shape is rectangle, and cutting parameter is: groove width G
w0.5mm, groove depth G
d2mm, separation G
d0.5mm, intercalation electrode (3) adopts the copper wire of diameter 0.5mm, and negative electrode (4) and anode (5) all adopt stainless steel.
7. improve the method for insulator along face electric strength, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) prepare insulator, and carry out cutting in its surface, form insulator cutting region (1), insulator cutting region (1) account for insulator surface long-pending 1/3 ~ 1/2;
(2) prepare the intercalation electrode (3) in embedded groove, the cutting in intercalation electrode and step (1) matches; Embed surface and carry out polishing, make its surface can not cause the defect of electric field distortion;
(3) intercalation electrode of preparation in above-mentioned steps (2) is installed on bottom the cutting prepared by step (1).
8. according to claim 7ly a kind ofly improve the method for insulator along face electric strength, it is characterized in that, the shape of groove is rectangle, and the shape of intercalation electrode is circular or rectangle; Described defect is most advanced and sophisticated or burr.
9. according to claim 7ly a kind ofly improve the method for insulator along face electric strength, it is characterized in that,
Insulator cutting region (1) is 0mm with the distance of the negative electrode installation region on insulator;
Or insulator cutting region (1) is 0mm with the anode installation region distance on insulator;
Or insulator cutting region (1) is greater than 0mm with the spacing of the negative electrode installation region on insulator; Spacing between anode installation region on insulator cutting region (1) and insulator is greater than 0mm; Negative electrode installation region on insulator and the center line between the anode installation region on insulator overlap with the center line in insulator cutting region (1).
10. according to claim 9ly a kind ofly improve the method for insulator along face electric strength, it is characterized in that, negative electrode installation region on insulator and the spacing between the anode installation region on insulator are 15mm, insulator cutting region (1) long 5mm, insulator surface chamfered shape is rectangle, and cutting parameter is: groove width G
w0.5mm, groove depth G
d2mm, separation G
d0.5mm, intercalation electrode (3) adopts the copper wire of diameter 0.5mm.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110136899A (en) * | 2019-06-13 | 2019-08-16 | 西北核技术研究院 | A kind of insulator and preparation method thereof |
| CN110153847A (en) * | 2019-03-18 | 2019-08-23 | 华北电力大学 | For improving method, insulator and its grinding apparatus of insulator dielectric performance |
| CN111161930A (en) * | 2020-01-03 | 2020-05-15 | 西北核技术研究院 | Vacuum insulator with composite structure and preparation method thereof |
| CN114188108A (en) * | 2021-10-25 | 2022-03-15 | 西安交通大学 | Insulator and method for improving electric strength of vacuum edge surface of insulator |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110153847A (en) * | 2019-03-18 | 2019-08-23 | 华北电力大学 | For improving method, insulator and its grinding apparatus of insulator dielectric performance |
| CN110153847B (en) * | 2019-03-18 | 2021-06-01 | 华北电力大学 | Method for improving insulating property of insulator, insulator and polishing equipment thereof |
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| CN110136899B (en) * | 2019-06-13 | 2021-07-02 | 西北核技术研究院 | Insulator and preparation method thereof |
| CN111161930A (en) * | 2020-01-03 | 2020-05-15 | 西北核技术研究院 | Vacuum insulator with composite structure and preparation method thereof |
| CN111161930B (en) * | 2020-01-03 | 2021-07-02 | 西北核技术研究院 | Vacuum insulator with composite structure and preparation method thereof |
| CN114188108A (en) * | 2021-10-25 | 2022-03-15 | 西安交通大学 | Insulator and method for improving electric strength of vacuum edge surface of insulator |
| CN114188108B (en) * | 2021-10-25 | 2022-08-26 | 西安交通大学 | Insulator and method for improving electric strength of vacuum edge surface of insulator |
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Effective date of registration: 20181213 Address after: No. 28 Xianning West Road, Xianning stele area, Xi'an, Shaanxi Co-patentee after: Power Science Research Institute of Zhejiang Electric Power Co., Ltd. Patentee after: Xi'an Jiaotong University Address before: No. 28 Xianning West Road, Xianning stele area, Xi'an, Shaanxi Patentee before: Xi'an Jiaotong University |