CN105404850B - Station flow monitoring system for passenger, station passenger flow monitoring method and station passenger flow managing and control system, station passenger flow management-control method - Google Patents
Station flow monitoring system for passenger, station passenger flow monitoring method and station passenger flow managing and control system, station passenger flow management-control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105404850B CN105404850B CN201510687586.8A CN201510687586A CN105404850B CN 105404850 B CN105404850 B CN 105404850B CN 201510687586 A CN201510687586 A CN 201510687586A CN 105404850 B CN105404850 B CN 105404850B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
- G06V20/00—Scenes; Scene-specific elements
- G06V20/50—Context or environment of the image
- G06V20/52—Surveillance or monitoring of activities, e.g. for recognising suspicious objects
- G06V20/53—Recognition of crowd images, e.g. recognition of crowd congestion
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06M—COUNTING MECHANISMS; COUNTING OF OBJECTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06M11/00—Counting of objects distributed at random, e.g. on a surface
Abstract
A kind of station flow monitoring system for passenger, monitoring method and station passenger flow managing and control system and management-control method, monitoring system include data collection system, data processing system etc.；Data collection system includes multiple infrared countings in station setting, video identification counting and gate counting equipment；These equipment are connected to data processing system；Monitoring method includes: that station is divided into non-payment area, paid area, platform area, further this three differentiation is separated by setting rays safety detection apparatus, gate out of the station etc., the data of acquisition are delivered to data processing system by equipment such as infrared counting, gate countings again to handle, obtain the two-way volume of the flow of passengers of the disengaging in 3rd area.Station passenger flow managing and control system then further comprises control decision-making module on the basis of monitoring system, and management-control method is then effectively to be managed by managing decision-making module to station passenger flow.The present invention can improve passenger flow control efficiency, convenient for dredging interior passenger flow of standing, and prevent large passenger flow emergency event from occurring.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to safety of urban transit and contingency management technical fields more particularly to a kind of station passenger flow to supervise
Survey, managing and control system and the monitoring of station passenger flow, management-control method.
Background technique
With Chinese society expanding economy, especially urbanization, the gradually quickening of Development of China's Urbanization, more and more people
Mouth is poured in large- and-medium size cities, this also increases the traffic pressure in city while being filled with life for city.Currently, ground ironworker
Author has sufficiently paid attention to passenger flow control work, and establishes with targetedly passenger flow control prediction scheme, certain
Play the role of bus's flow control in degree.But generally existing following problems: (1) passenger flow real-time distribution state often can only
It relies on artificial range estimation or video monitoring carries out rough estimate, subjective randomness is larger, accuracy is not high；(2) bus's flow tube in standing
The formulation of control prediction scheme relies primarily on empiricism, often requires that administrative staff are very familiar to station situation, and has abundant
Passenger flow manage experience；(3) in passenger flow AT STATION solid space streamline and dynamic evolution mechanism lack clear judgement, cause
Control decision lacks certain science, affects giving full play to for efficiency of operation；(4) it is deposited for starting the judgement of passenger flow control
In hysteresis quality, cause management and control measures that can not implement in time.
In terms of passenger flow monitoring, Li Na, Fang Weining propose combining adaptive background difference and ratio adaptive template
The algorithm matched identifies crowd's number and distribution in subway station.Image is split with background subtraction, then recycles ratio
Adaptive template scans for matching to interested region, and the number and position distribution for identifying target group are (referring to Li Na, side
Subway crowd target identification [J] Beijing Jiaotong University journal of the Wei Ning based on video flowing, 2006,30 (1): 96-99.).Fringe
Great waves propose the urban track traffic for passenger flow real-time monitoring system based on ticket information, devise urban track traffic for passenger flow monitoring
The overall architecture and detailed algorithm of system propose the congestion transport phenomenon of passenger flow, have formulated using computer queuing theory as root
The form operation method analytic approach of this solution provides powerful measure and (is based on referring to Haitao Liu to analyze and tracking passenger flow flowing
Research [D] the Southwest Jiaotong University of the urban track traffic for passenger flow real-time monitoring system of ticket information, 2011.).Chen Liang is used
The means of optical flow method video analysis study metro passenger flow monitoring application, by estimating the intensity of passenger flow in background frame,
In conjunction with corresponding traffic parameter (such as speed, time), crowded state in specified region is judged automatically, and triggering alarm in time
(application [J] city rail traffic referring to Chen Liang based on the Video Analysis Technology of optical flow method in metro passenger flow monitoring, 2013,10
(1):58-62.)。
However the above monitoring method have the defects that it is certain: combining adaptive background difference and ratio adaptive template
The algorithm matched, when passenger flow mobility is lower, error is larger, is unable to satisfy required precision；System is realized using ticketing data information
The method of meter, prediction and analysis urban track traffic operation state service has apparent hysteresis quality；Optical flow method video analysis
Means are lower to the computational accuracy of intensity of passenger flow, and processing reliability is not high.
Most of the country subway station uses the side of gate counting, human eye eye estimate and subregion video monitoring at present
Method carrys out Trip distribution situation in acquisition station.However, above method can not obtain the passenger flow in subway station point comprehensively and accurately
Cloth data: gate counts the total number of persons that can only be recorded into subway platform and paid area, and cannot learn and be distributed in each region
Specific effective strength；There are biggish error judgments for human eye eye estimate, and subjective randomness is very big；The problem of video is observed exists
In station, internal area is larger, causes Platform attendant to have heavy monitoring work amount, it is difficult to which note abnormalities situation in time.State
The emerging technology of video count has been introduced in one line city of inner part, but is limited to the development of video image processing technology, based on view
There are limitations for the passenger flow dynamic monitoring of frequency meter number.
In terms of passenger flow security control, Shi little Jun describes the basic principle of subway station passenger organization, analyzes influence
The factor of subway station passenger organization, in conjunction with Tianjin Metro Line No.1 passenger organization example, brief analysis station is when coping with large passenger flow
The organiztion measure taken is (referring to organiztion measure [J] Urban Mass Transit of the small person of outstanding talent subway station the reply large passenger flow of history
.2009(10).).Some scholars are in the passenger flow control technique study of urban transportation transfer stop, according to the maximum transmission capacity at station
The handling capacity at control point is determined, to form complete passenger flow control scheme；There are also scholars to happen suddenly in urban track traffic
In passenger flow Transportation Organization technique study, specific organiztion measure when reply passenger flow outburst is proposed.
By above-mentioned documents and materials as it can be seen that being mainly at present some large-scale activities to the traffic administration analysis in the case of large passenger flow
The specific aim of the summary of experience of traffic administration, research object is very strong, some theoretical without universality；Urban track traffic for passenger flow
Research mainly for the planning stage passenger flow estimation, inquire into it is more be passenger flow forecasting improvement and relevant evaluation body
The foundation of system, and it is less for the control analysis of the passenger flow of operation stage.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of to mention in background above technology and defect, provide one
Kind can accurate, in real time, accurately obtain the station flow monitoring system for passenger and monitoring method of each region volume of the flow of passengers in station, also provide
It is a kind of to improve passenger flow control efficiency, the station passenger flow control convenient for dredging interior passenger flow of standing, preventing large passenger flow emergency event generation
System and management-control method.
In order to solve the above technical problems, technical solution proposed by the present invention is a kind of station flow monitoring system for passenger, the vehicle
Flow monitoring system for passenger of standing includes data collection system, data processing system and data-storage system；The data collection system packet
It includes infrared monitoring module, video identification monitoring modular and gate and counts monitoring modular, the infrared monitoring module includes AT STATION
Multiple infrared counting equipment of each Security Inspection Office setting, the video identification monitoring modular include AT STATION subway concourse, station platform,
More video identification counting equipments of station corridor mouth installing, it includes AT STATION into and out of station lock that the gate, which counts monitoring modular,
The more gate counting equipments installed at machine；The infrared monitoring module, video identification monitoring modular and gate count monitoring mould
Block passes through data line and is connected to the data processing system, and the data processing system is connected to data-storage system.It is described
Station particularly preferably refer to subway station.Infrared monitoring module, video identification monitoring modular and gate above-mentioned count monitoring
Module primary data collected includes the direction of the number for passing in and out section, corresponding time and passenger flow.These primary datas
It is transferred to the people flow rate that the unit time can be obtained after data processing system (this people flow rate can be used for predicting).Data processing
System can get the real-time number in each region according to the primary data acquired above and be distributed, while can also obtain each partition equipment
Real-time stream of people's speed.In addition, infrared counting equipment above-mentioned, gate counting equipment and video identification counting equipment can pass through
Commercially available acquisition.
As a general technical idea, the present invention also provides a kind of station passenger flow monitoring methods, comprising the following steps:
1) by partition equipment, solid space where station is divided at least three regions, it may be assumed that non-payment area B1, pay
Take area B2, platform area B3；
2) the non-payment zoning is divided by non-Mag & Bag Area and Mag & Bag Area by setting rays safety detection apparatus；The non-Mag & Bag Area with
It is connected to outside station；The Mag & Bag Area is separated with paid area into and out of station gate by setting；By be arranged up and down station elevator or
Stair separate paid area and platform differentiation；
3) at rays safety detection apparatus be arranged infrared counting equipment, into and out of station gate at install gate counting equipment；Upper and lower
It stands and installs video identification counting equipment at elevator or stair；
4) the infrared counting equipment, gate counting equipment and video identification counting equipment convey the data respectively acquired
To a data processing system, obtain into the number in non-payment area, paid area, platform area being respectively I1,I2,I3, obtain leaving non-
Paid area, paid area, platform area number be respectively O1,O2,O3；
5) I of the data processing system to acquisition1,I2,I3And O1,O2,O3Data processing is carried out, obtains in the unit time non-pair
Take the two-way volume of the flow of passengers of disengaging in area, paid area, platform area, and it is spare to be stored into data-storage system；Connected by each region key
The two-way volume of the flow of passengers of contact can also calculate the real-time number distribution in each region in station, carry out that number can also be stored into after suitably correcting
It is spare according to storage system.
It is comprehensive to use infrared technology, video identification technology etc. in above-mentioned technical proposal of the invention, AT STATION in
Pass in and out exit, Security Inspection Office, at entrance gate, the important tie point of the passenger flows streamline such as at subway concourse elevator & stairs and platform region
It deploys to ensure effective monitoring and control of illegal activities, real-time monitoring passengers quantity and passenger's flow direction, with the volume of the flow of passengers situation in the dynamic acquisition station region Nei Ge.Consider each
Timing point passenger flow pass through feature, above-mentioned technical proposal of the present invention AT STATION in different tie points use different counting sides
Infrared counting equipment is set in Security Inspection Office, the number for entering non-payment area is counted likes:；It enters the station at gate, leads in subway
It crosses gate counting equipment and obtains the passengers quantity into paid area；Important channel mouth, stair activity mouth between subway concourse and platform
And video identification counting equipment is installed at lift port, the passengers quantity of platform is entered using video identification technology statistics.By red
Outer counting, gate counts and video count, and the two-way volume of the flow of passengers of disengaging in non-payment area and paid area can be obtained.
In the technical solution of aforementioned present invention, the precision of infrared counting equipment is up to 97%, the essence of gate counting equipment
Degree is close to 100%, and for video identification counting equipment then up to 96%, the integrated application of these technologies can satisfy station visitor of the present invention
Flow the required precision of monitoring system.
As a general technical idea, the present invention also provides a kind of station passenger flow managing and control systems, including control decision model
Block and above-mentioned station flow monitoring system for passenger, the control decision-making module include passenger flow estimation module, schemes generation module and pre-
Alert information issuing module；The input terminal of the passenger flow estimation module is connected to data-storage system, the passenger flow by data line
The output end of prediction module is connected to the schemes generation module that embodiment is managed based on three-level, the early warning letter by data line
Ceasing release module includes display and signal prior-warning device；The schemes generation module is connected to display by data line and shows
Manage decision scheme；The schemes generation module is additionally coupled to signal prior-warning device, and signal prior-warning device is according to schemes generation mould
The control decision scheme of block issues warning signal in due course.
As a general technical idea, the present invention also provides a kind of station passenger flow management-control methods, comprising the following steps:
1) volume of the flow of passengers at station is monitored by station flow monitoring system for passenger, and acquires the volume of the flow of passengers data storage at station to counting
According in storage system；
2) prediction model is established, according to station after predicting T min from the volume of the flow of passengers data called in data-storage system
The Trip distribution in each region；
3) the prediction visitor that the real-time passenger flow data and control decision-making module obtained the station flow monitoring system for passenger generates
Flow data is input in control decision-making module, after being judged by control decision-making module, is generated dynamic security and is managed decision scheme；
The dynamic security control decision scheme is generated based on three-level passenger flow control principle；
4) dynamic security control decision scheme is output in display, and by warning information release module in due course into
Row early warning.
Above-mentioned station passenger flow management-control method, the station flow monitoring system for passenger preferably use the station visitor of aforementioned present invention
Flow monitoring system.Correspondingly, the step 1) of above-mentioned station passenger flow management-control method is preferably supervised using the station passenger flow of aforementioned present invention
Survey method.
Above-mentioned station passenger flow management-control method, it is preferred that in the step 2): the passenger flow called from data-storage system
Amount data include the real-time passenger flow data and history passenger flow data that flow monitoring system for passenger acquisition in station obtains；The history passenger flow number
According to including lateral historical data and longitudinal historical data, lateral historical data is the Trip distribution data in a period of time on same day T,
Longitudinal historical data be certain time limit in every day the same time point Trip distribution data.By the number thus according to the same day
The number after T min is predicted according to variation tendency and other parameters, therefore the value of T does not have to generally too greatly herein.Consider
To the peak period tidal regime of the station volume of the flow of passengers, the observation data for prediction are preferably within half an hour a to hour
, specific range can be determined according to station actual conditions.
Above-mentioned station passenger flow management-control method, it is preferred that in the step 2): the general basis of the predicted time T min
The difference at station and it is different, to start frequency jointly true for the reaction time for preferably implementing control decision scheme by station employees and train
It is fixed.
Above-mentioned station passenger flow management-control method, it is preferred that the prediction model is that the historical data based on input is established
It arrives, the historical data is the continuous data at least recorded at interval of 5 seconds based on time series, selects prediction technique packet
Include artificial neural network method, time series method and Cellular Automata Simulation method.Wherein, a kind of song being preferably based on time series
Line fitting process is as follows:
For the passenger flow estimation in short-term on the same day, with the beginning and recession of peak period, stream of people's speed in each channel in the short time
Rate can regard linear relationship as, in the period volume of the flow of passengers curve in each region can approximation regard conic section as.For consecutive identical
The same time period of characteristic day, the number in each region also feature having the same, can be by the visitor of the synchronization of same characteristic features day
Flow approximation regards linear change as, and can test to prediction result amendment.Refer to that identical week is presented in passenger flow variation same characteristic features day
It is the date of phase property variation, general according to whether being day and section vacation after working day, the section day before yesterday, section with identical route map of train
Day is chosen.
1. prediction model: real-time number of the note in moment t region i isHistory in same day certain time before moment t
Past be pushed forward of data is followed successively byIf matched curve is p ' (t)=a '+b ' t+c ' t2, then according to least square
Fa Ke get a ', b ', c ' satisfaction:
It solves: a '=a '0, b '=b '0, c '=c '0；Then matched curve are as follows: p ' (t)=a '0+b′0t+c′0t2；Then predict
After time Δ t, the prediction number of region i are as follows: p 'i(t+Δt)=a '0+b′0(t+Δt)+c′0(t+Δt)2。
2. the inspection of curve matching: using K.Pearson χ2Method of inspection.Statistical hypothesis is H0: p (t)=p ' (t), H1: p
(t) ≠ p ' (t) test statistics isIt takes under common level of significance α=0.1, test statistics
Region of rejection are as follows:The statistical check amount χ calculated according to historical data and fitting theory value2Size,
If calculated result is not fallen on region of rejection, receive the fit equation, carries out the amendment of next step prediction result.If calculating knot
Fruit falls on region of rejection, then fitting effect is bad, and above-mentioned model is modified, and the number for increasing matched curve is calculated simultaneously
It examines, until inspection result meets the requirements.
3. the amendment of prediction data: correction model is as follows, the number of note t time domain i at the time of correspond to same characteristic features day with
This is to being pushed forward are as follows:If matched curve is p " (t)=a "+b " t, then a " can be obtained according to least square method,
B " meets:
It solves: a "=a "0, b "=b '0；Then matched curve are as follows:Then after predicted time Δ t, region
The prediction number of i are as follows: p "i(t+Δt)=a "0+b″0(t+Δt).The result can reflect passenger flow in periodically variable feature, with working as
The true value at preceding moment and the difference of upper two prediction results of current time are modified the predicted value of prediction time.Note is current
Moment t0When observation data be1. the result that middle prediction model calculates is p 'i(t0), 3. calculated result is p " to correction modeli
(t0)；The result that 1. middle prediction model calculates when prediction time t+ Δ t is p 'i(t+ Δ t), 3. calculated result is p " to correction modeli
(t+ Δ t), then:
That is:
In conclusion the prediction number of region i in a time interval at thereafter is pi(t+ Δ t) is required.
The station passenger flow managing and control system and method for aforementioned present invention are based on real-time passenger flow data, history passenger flow data and passenger flow
Development law predicts each region number in station, in conjunction with design parameter and passenger flow data founding mathematical models, when needing to make
When managing decision out, station passenger flow managing and control system can issue early warning and control decision scheme is presented to management by display platform
Personnel, administrative staff can utilize this station passenger flow managing and control system publication control decision concrete measure.
Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:
Station passenger flow monitoring of the invention and managing and control system can according to different stations, subway station hardware device situation,
The parameters such as service ability realize the dynamic monitoring of station Trip distribution and variation, realize to the flow of passenger flow, flow direction and streamline
Effectively control provides the management-control method of science for station staff, to mitigate the pressure of staff, avoid interior appearance of standing
Overcrowding situation reduces contingency occurrence probability, and it is safe to guarantee that passenger rides.
In addition, passenger flow monitoring in station of the invention and managing and control system have the subway system at different stations and different cities
The universality of height.Station passenger flow monitoring and managing and control system can also be train arrangement, the passenger flow control of entire city underground gauze
System provides aid decision, runs tissue for subway system and provides reliable technical support.
In addition, the present invention can also be achieved the monitoring and controlling forecast to Trip distributions such as subway stations, coped with for subway station staff
Large passenger flow and emergency situations provide scientific basis, make a response before passenger flow outburst arrival, prevent the generation of large passenger flow event.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is the present invention
Some embodiments for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can also basis
These attached drawings obtain other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural block diagram of the monitoring of subway station passenger flow and managing and control system in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the data monitoring headend equipment arrangement schematic diagram of subway station flow monitoring system for passenger in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of data processing and flow measuring schematic diagram of subway station flow monitoring system for passenger in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the flow chart that model foundation in decision-making module is managed in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the prediction flow diagram of prediction model in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is entirely to manage decision scheme product process figure in the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
To facilitate the understanding of the present invention, the present invention is made below in conjunction with Figure of description and preferred embodiment more complete
Face meticulously describes, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments.
It should be strongly noted that when to be described as " be fixed on, be fixed in, be connected to or be connected to " another for a certain element
When on element, it can be directly fixed, affixed, connection or is connected on another element, be also possible to by connecting among other
Fitting is indirectly fixed, affixed, connects or is connected on another element.
Unless otherwise defined, all technical terms used hereinafter and the normally understood meaning of those skilled in the art
It is identical.Technical term used herein is intended merely to the purpose of description specific embodiment, is not intended to the limitation present invention
Protection scope.
Unless otherwise specified, various raw material, reagent, the instrument and equipment etc. used in the present invention can pass through city
Field is commercially available or can be prepared by existing method.
Embodiment:
A kind of subway station passenger flow managing and control system of the invention as shown in Figure 1, including subway station flow monitoring system for passenger and control
Decision-making module.
The subway station flow monitoring system for passenger of the present embodiment, that is, passenger flow shown in FIG. 1 dynamic monitoring module, including data acquisition
System, data processing system and data-storage system；Data collection system includes infrared monitoring module, video identification monitoring modular
Monitoring modular is counted with gate, infrared monitoring module includes multiple infrared counting equipment in each Security Inspection Office's setting of subway station,
Video identification monitoring modular includes counting in the more video identifications that subway station subway concourse, subway platform, subway station corridor mouth are installed
Equipment, it includes the more gate counting equipments in subway station into and out of installing at the gate of station that gate, which counts monitoring modular,；Infrared monitoring
Module, video identification monitoring modular and gate, which count monitoring modular and pass through data line, is connected to data processing system, at data
Reason system can calculate the real-time number distribution situation in each region in subway station, and will calculate the respective data storage that obtains to
The data-storage system of data processing system connection.
As shown in Figure 1, the control decision-making module of the present embodiment includes passenger flow estimation module, schemes generation module and early warning letter
Cease release module；The input terminal of passenger flow estimation module is connected to data-storage system by data line, passenger flow estimation module it is defeated
Outlet is connected to the schemes generation module that embodiment is managed based on three-level by data line, and warning information release module includes aobvious
Show device and signal prior-warning device；Schemes generation module is connected to display display control decision scheme by data line；Scheme is raw
It is additionally coupled to signal prior-warning device at module, signal prior-warning device issues in due course according to the control decision scheme of schemes generation module
Pre-warning signal.
A kind of management-control method of the subway station passenger flow managing and control system based on above-mentioned the present embodiment, comprising the following steps:
1. monitoring the volume of the flow of passengers at station by subway station flow monitoring system for passenger, and acquire the volume of the flow of passengers data storage of subway station
Into data-storage system, specific subway station passenger flow monitoring method includes the following steps again:
1) as shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 2 shows the data monitoring headend equipments of the subway station flow monitoring system for passenger of the present embodiment to exist
The arrangement schematic diagram in one subway station region on the spot.From Figure 2 it can be seen that subway station portal including there are four, by separating equipment,
Solid space where the subway station is divided at least three regions, it may be assumed that non-payment area B1, paid area B2, platform area B3；Then into
Flow direction of the passenger in subway station stand as B1-B2-B3；
2) non-payment zoning is divided into non-Mag & Bag Area and Mag & Bag Area by two safety check apparatus in setting Fig. 2；Non- safety check
It is connected to outside area and subway station, 9 automatic machines is provided in Mag & Bag Area；By setting 8 into and out of station gate by Mag & Bag Area with
Paid area separates；Lift & Stairs are helped to separate paid area and platform differentiation by the way that about two station width are arranged；
3) at safety check apparatus be arranged infrared counting equipment, into and out of station gate at install gate counting equipment；Upper and lower
It stands and installs video identification counting equipment at elevator or stair；
4) data respectively acquired are delivered to one by infrared counting equipment, gate counting equipment and video identification counting equipment
Data processing system obtains into the number in non-payment area, paid area, platform area being respectively I1,I2,I3, obtain leaving non-payment
Area, paid area, platform area number be respectively O1,O2,O3；Any moment each region can be then calculated according to subway station structure
Number:
pi=Ii-Oi(i=1,2,3) (1)
5) I of the data processing system to acquisition1,I2,I3And O1,O2,O3Carry out data processing, I1,I2,I3And O1,O2,O3By
The rate that the passenger flow that enters the station enters and leaves --- the passage rate of section is determined where individual count equipment；And in the following △ T
In time, region B is entered and lefti(i=1,2,3) the maximum volume of the flow of passengers is Ii',Oi':
Ii'=△ T × V (i) (2)
Oi'=△ T × V (i+1) (3)
Wherein, V (1) is portal always current rate, and V (2) is safety check always current rate, and V (3) is that gate is always current fast
Rate；V (4) is paid area to the total current rate of the stair of station up and down and lift port in platform area.
Above-mentioned V (i) does not mean that the people flow rate observed at each partition equipment section, and each partition equipment referred to exists
Theoretic maximum through-rate is to calculate resulting value according to the parameter of partition equipment.The relevant parameter definition of each partition equipment
It is as shown in table 1 below:
Table 1: separate the relevant parameter definition of equipment
Then station entrance, safety check, gate, paid area total current rate calculation formula difference it is as follows:
V (1)=Ns1×(Cs×ds1)+Ne1×(Ce×de1) (4)
V (2)=NSafety check×CSafety check (5)
V (3)=NGate×CGate (6)
V (4)=Ns2×(Cs×ds2)+Ne2×(Ce×de2) (7)
Wherein, respectively the traffic capacity of partition equipment can refer to shown in table 2.We can calculate in certain parameter as a result,
The theoretical value of each region number of condition.
Table 2: each position maximum tonnage capacity in station
As shown in figure 3, can obtain the disengaging in non-payment area, paid area, platform area in the unit time after above-mentioned processing
The two-way volume of the flow of passengers, and it is spare to be stored into data-storage system.
2. appropriate prediction model is established, according to from data-storage system by the Evolution Mechanism for analyzing the passenger flow that enters the station
The Trip distribution in each region in station after the volume of the flow of passengers data prediction T min of calling；Prediction model is the history number based on input
It is obtained according to foundation, historical data is then the continuous data recorded based on time series at interval of 5 seconds, selects prediction technique packet
Artificial neural network method, time series method and Cellular Automata Simulation method are included, pre- flow gauge is as shown in Figure 5.
3. the prediction that real-time passenger flow data and control decision-making module that above-mentioned subway station flow monitoring system for passenger is obtained generate
Passenger flow data is input in control decision-making module, and the mathematical model to control decision-making module is established as shown in Figure 4.In different visitors
In the case of flow distribution, judge whether by control decision-making module to the starting of passenger flow control, judgment criteria is as follows.
Comprehensively consider BiThe corresponding density p of the service level in region1(i) and safe escape density p2(i), we are to the two
Different weight αs (i), β (i), and+β (i)=1 α (i) are assigned respectively, obtain passenger flow control reference density ρ (i)=α (i) * ρ1
(i)+β(i)*ρ2(i).It, can service level density p to different zones according to the difference of management regulation1(i) and safe escape is close
Spend ρ2(i) different weights is assigned.Service level density and safe escape density can refer to the following table 3 and the following table 4 respectively.
If the effective area in each region is Si(i=1,2,3), then the corresponding maximum passenger flow saturation in each region is respectively Pi
=Si×ρ(i)。
Table 3:LOS grade scale (m2/ people)
Table 4: different pass facility one skilled in the art evacuate horizontal density range (people/m2)
4. starting according to above-mentioned judgment criteria and generating dynamic security control decision scheme, which manages decision-making party
Case is generated based on three-level passenger flow control principle.Dynamic security control decision scheme is output in display, and is believed by early warning
Breath release module carries out early warning in due course.The present embodiment is based on being managed by three-level, according to each region number of prediction and each area
Domain maximum passenger flow saturation compares, and judges which rank of control implemented.When platform region passenger flow is crowded, start level-one passenger flow
Control, to control the passenger flow that enters the station as major control point at the stairs port between subway concourse and platform；When paid area passenger flow is crowded, starting
Second level passenger flow control, to carry out flow control as major control point at gate mouth；When non-toll zone passenger flow is crowded, start three-level passenger flow
Control carries out flow control using safety check and portal as major control point.Then, it enters data into decision model, generates control
Decision scheme, decision scheme are open or closed several elevators, gate, security check to achieve the purpose that control passenger flow flow velocity.Pipe
Control decision model flow chart is shown in Fig. 4, and entire control decision scheme product process figure is as shown in Figure 6.
Specifically, from the angle of control passenger flow flow velocity, to seek corresponding passenger flow control side in the case of different passenger flows
Case.
If △ T is the time interval played between lower train arrival from current time, when the platform number of prediction reaches
Level-one passenger flow alarm value, i.e. p3≥0.6*P3When, start level-one passenger flow control.At this point, passenger flow flow velocity should expire at paid area stairs port
Foot:
V(4)*△T≤(P3-p3) (8)
According to crowd's Controlling principle of three class control, portal, safety check, the passenger flow flow velocity at gate should meet:
V(4)≤V(3)≤V(2)≤V(1)；
Each area stay volume of the flow of passengers should also meet the passenger flow limitation quantity of corresponding region:
p1≤P1；
p2≤P2；
Similarly, when the paid area number of prediction reaches second level passenger flow alarm value, i.e. p2≥0.6*P2When, start second level passenger flow
Control.
At this point, the passenger flow flow velocity and each region number at each intercept unit should meet:
V(3)≤V(1)；
V(3)≤V(2)；
p1≤P1；
p3≥0.8*P3
When the non-payment area number of prediction reaches three-level passenger flow alarm value, i.e. p1≥0.8*P1When, start the control of three-level passenger flow
System.
At this point, the passenger flow flow velocity and each region number at each intercept unit should meet:
V(2)≤V(1)；
V(4)≤V(3)≤V(2)。
It can show that the control model equation group with universality is as follows by the above standard:
Remarks: a, b, c, d, e are corresponding establishment quantity in subway station.According to the design parameter of practical subway station and " subway
Design specification ", assignment can be carried out to the relevant parameter for respectively separating equipment in upper table 1；Flat according to practical subway station is longitudinally set with meter
Parameter, the effective area S in available each regioni(i=1,2,3)；According to the data of control decision-making platform processing, can be worked as
The time interval △ T and current each region number p that the preceding moment reaches apart from lower traini.The above numerical value substitutes into Simultaneous Equations,
The optimal case of corresponding partition opening of device quantity under current passenger flow situation can be obtained.In conjunction with the actual conditions of subway station,
Administrative staff can take corresponding management and control measures.
From the technical solution of above-mentioned the present embodiment:
(1) subway large passenger flow dynamic monitoring and managing and control system realize the real-time monitoring of subway station Trip distribution and variation,
Realize effective control to the flow of passenger flow, flow direction and streamline in subway station；
(2) by the crucial tie point of analysis subway station, subway station monitoring area is divided into non-pair in the form of tie point
Take three area, paid area and platform parts.Using multi-Monitoring Techniques, the advantage of various technologies is given full play to, to the maximum extent
The characteristics of agreeing with subway station passenger flow rationally utilizes the effects of the existing equipments in monitoring such as gate, detector gate；
(3) using three-level management and control measures as foundation, the space layout and passenger's streamline trend inside subway station is made full use of, is mentioned
For the control scheme of science；
(4) system for integrating passenger flow monitoring, control scheme is had developed, there is high reliability and universality.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of station passenger flow management-control method, comprising the following steps:
1) volume of the flow of passengers at station is monitored by station flow monitoring system for passenger, and the volume of the flow of passengers data storage for acquiring station is deposited to data
In storage system；
2) prediction model is established, according to each area in station after predicting T min from the volume of the flow of passengers data called in data-storage system
The Trip distribution in domain；
3) the passenger flow forecast number that the real-time passenger flow data and control decision-making module obtained the station flow monitoring system for passenger generates
According to being input in control decision-making module, after being judged by control decision-making module, generates dynamic security and manage decision scheme；It is described
Dynamic security control decision scheme is generated based on three-level passenger flow control principle, and specific dynamic security control decision scheme is such as
Under:
Wherein, for portal, always current rate, V (2) are safety check always current rate to V (1), and V (3) is gate always current rate；V
It (4) is the total current rate of the stair of station up and down and lift port of paid area to platform area；p1、p2、p3For the passenger flow people of each region
Number；P1、P2、P3For the maximum passenger flow saturation of each region；NS1For number of staircases at station entrance；CSFor 1m wide in the unit time
The net traffic capacity of stair；dS1For stair span width at station entrance；Ne1For elevator quantity at station entrance；CeFor 1m wide in the unit time
The net traffic capacity of elevator；de1For elevator span width at station entrance；NSafety checkFor safety check quantity；CSafety checkFor platform rays safety detection apparatus in the unit time
The traffic capacity；NGateFor the gate quantity that enters the station；CGateFor the platform gate equipment traffic capacity in the unit time；Ns2For paid area stair number
Amount；ds2For paid area stair span width；Ne2For paid area elevator quantity；de2For paid area elevator span width；Ii、OiRespectively into
Enter the passenger flow number in the i-th region and leaves the passenger flow number in the i-th region, i=1,2,3；A, b, c, d, e are accordingly to set in subway station
Apply quantity；Δ T is the time interval reached apart from lower train at current time；
Assignment is carried out to the above-mentioned relevant parameter of each partition equipment according to relevant design parameter and specification；According to the flat of practical station
Vertical design parameter obtains the effective area S in each regioni；
The above numerical value substitutes into the Simultaneous Equations of dynamic security control decision scheme, obtains corresponding partition under current passenger flow situation
Opening of device quantity scheme, and then according to the unlatching quantity for opening quantity scheme control partition equipment；
4) the dynamic security control decision scheme is output in display, and is carried out in due course in advance by warning information release module
It is alert.
2. passenger flow management-control method in station according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the station flow monitoring system for passenger includes
Data collection system, data processing system and data-storage system；The data collection system includes infrared monitoring module, video
Identify that monitoring modular and gate count monitoring modular, the infrared monitoring module includes the multiple of each Security Inspection Office's setting AT STATION
Infrared counting equipment, the video identification monitoring modular include AT STATION subway concourse, station platform, station corridor mouth installing more
Video identification counting equipment, it includes AT STATION into and out of more gate meters of installing at the gate of station that the gate, which counts monitoring modular,
Number equipment；The infrared monitoring module, video identification monitoring modular and gate count monitoring modular and are connected to by data line
The data processing system, the data processing system are connected to data-storage system.
3. passenger flow management-control method in station according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the concrete operations of the step 1) include
Following steps:
11) by partition equipment, solid space where station is divided at least three regions, it may be assumed that non-payment area B1, paid area
B2, platform area B3；
12) the non-payment zoning is divided by non-Mag & Bag Area and Mag & Bag Area by setting rays safety detection apparatus；The non-Mag & Bag Area and vehicle
Connection outside standing；The Mag & Bag Area is separated with paid area into and out of station gate by setting；By the way that station elevator or building up and down is arranged
Ladder separates paid area and platform differentiation；
13) at rays safety detection apparatus be arranged infrared counting equipment, into and out of station gate at install gate counting equipment；It is standing up and down
Video identification counting equipment is installed at elevator or stair；
14) data respectively acquired are delivered to by the infrared counting equipment, gate counting equipment and video identification counting equipment
One data processing system obtains into the number in non-payment area, paid area, platform area being respectively I1,I2,I3, obtain leaving non-pair
Take area, paid area, platform area number be respectively O1,O2,O3；
15) I of the data processing system to acquisition1,I2,I3And O1,O2,O3Data processing is carried out, obtains non-payment in the unit time
Area, paid area, platform area the two-way volume of the flow of passengers of disengaging, and it is spare to be stored into data-storage system.
4. passenger flow management-control method in station according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step 2): being stored from data
The volume of the flow of passengers data called in system include the real-time passenger flow data and history passenger flow number that flow monitoring system for passenger acquisition in station obtains
According to；The history passenger flow data includes lateral historical data and longitudinal historical data, lateral historical data be the same day for a period of time
Interior Trip distribution data, longitudinal historical data be certain time limit in every day the same time point Trip distribution data.
5. passenger flow management-control method in station according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step 2): when the prediction
Between T min, by station employees implement control decision scheme reaction time and train start frequency and determine jointly.
6. passenger flow management-control method in station according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the prediction model is based on input
Historical data is established to obtain, and the historical data is the continuous data at least recorded at interval of 5 seconds based on time series,
Selection prediction technique is the curve-fitting method based on time series.
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