CN105488751A - Subway station passenger flow micro statistics and scheduling method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a subway station passenger flow micro statistics and scheduling method. The method comprises the following steps of building a model of the total number of people entering and leaving an automatic fare collection entrance in the time period T, and making a scheduling strategy according to the model; building a dynamic moving model of escalators and pedestrian stairs, and making a scheduling strategy according to the model; and building an in-station-hall dynamic subway waiting people number model, and making a scheduling strategy according to the model. The method has the advantages that the intuitive performance is good; the implementation is simple; and the intentionality is definite, and the like. By the method provided by the invention, the number of people in station entering ticket check-in gate and a station leaving ticket check-in gate in a subway system, the number of people in passages and stairs, and the number of subway waiting people in different station halls in each time period can be predicted; easy-to-be-crowded regions such as station entering and leaving ticket check-in gates, stairs and platforms are subjected to maximum passenger flow threshold value analysis and prediction distribution, so that the passenger flow rule is provided for the relative traffic study; and the data analysis and support is provided for the infrastructure building.

Description

A kind of subway station passenger flow microcomputer statistical and dispatching method

Technical field

The present invention relates to metro passenger flow scheduling field, be specifically related to a kind of subway station passenger flow microcomputer statistical and dispatching method.

Background technology

Along with the growth of Urban traffic demand, the urban mass transit network of domestic several big cities as Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou etc. tentatively builds up, passenger is on track traffic station platform, assemble congestion and be tending towards serious, especially the station platform that some volumes of the flow of passengers are larger, such as transfer stop, peak period concentrates due to passenger flow and introduces, and it is more outstanding that platform congestion shows.If passenger flow can not get timely evacuation, the efficiency of operation of subway will be made to receive serious impact, cause passenger to be difficult to get on or off the bus smoothly, and bring the series of problems such as potential safety hazard.

Research both at home and abroad for the traffic characteristics of track traffic passenger is still in the starting stage, Urban Rail Transit Development to a certain extent time, how to improve the by bus efficiency of passenger, minimizing is blocked up, improve the comfort level of passenger, the operation interval of shortening train becomes key factor.Therefore, this method based on domestic accessible transfer, by studying the real-time present situation of passenger flow of subway station, proposition on a whole set of model basis, calculate real-time passenger flow method.

What we needed solution is not only track traffic infrastructure construction problem, effective operation management is the important leverage giving full play to Rail Transit System advantage, how fully effectively to analyze available data, estimate the real-time volume of the flow of passengers, and then carry out correct shunting, be current and even the problem that urgently solves of a period of time from now on.

Microscopic behavior metro passenger flow real-time computing technique, the i.e. statistical method of metro passenger flow in short-term, this invention has great importance for station traffic control and management.

Summary of the invention

The object of this invention is to provide a kind of subway station passenger flow microcomputer statistical and dispatching method, thus provide objective foundation for traffic passenger flow statistics and scheduling, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A kind of subway station passenger flow microcomputer statistical and dispatching method, comprise the following steps:

S1: the total number of persons Q passing in and out AFC (Automatic Fare Collection) mouth Time Created in section T _aFCmodel, and according to model formulate scheduling strategy, comprising:

In computing time section T, the number Q that enters the station of i-th ticket checking of entering the station _ii, and a jth departures ticketing spot departures number Q _oj, the flow direction of the subway station passenger flow of statistics Different periods T;

The total number of persons Q of AFC (Automatic Fare Collection) mouth is passed in and out Time Created in section T _aFCcomputation model, the number scope of setting peak period, usually phase, low ebb phase, determining time T is peak period period, usually period phase or period low ebb phase;

The open quantity of turnover exit of setting peak period period, usually period phase, period low ebb phase, and according to Q _ii, Q _ojquantity selects open turnover exit from high to low; Q is set respectively _ii, Q _ojthreshold value, at Q _ii, Q _ojquantity all exceedes the region of threshold value, arranges two-way ticketing spot, alleviates the passenger flow pressure of each period, all directions;

S2: the dynamic motion model setting up escalator, People's Bank of China's stair, and formulate scheduling strategy according to model, comprising:

According to Q _ii, Q _ojthe passenger flow number that in acquisition time section T, escalator, People's Bank of China's stair need transport;

The transport passenger flow Q of escalator, People's Bank of China's stair in Time Created section T _motionmodel, wherein, the on-board and off-board flow that escalator is carried is Q _d, the on-board and off-board flow carried of People's Bank of China's stair is Q _m; Q _dUfor the up transport capacity of single escalator, Q _dDfor the descending transport capacity of escalator;

The travelling speed of the escalator under setting peak state, normal state, low state, the open quantity of People's Bank of China's stair and escalator;

According to Q _ii, Q _ojand Q _motionmodel determination escalator operation, People's Bank of China's stair run with peak state, normal state or low state;

S3: set up dynamic waiting person's digital-to-analogue type in subway concourse, and formulate scheduling strategy according to model, comprising:

Calculate subway concourse according to subway concourse infrastructure construction condition to wait region volume of the flow of passengers threshold value Q _platform, described threshold value is divided into crowded, normal, rarefaction state according to parameter passenger bulkfactor a value difference wherein, and a>=1.25 are congestion state; 0.85 < a < 1.25 is normal condition; A≤0.85 is rarefaction state;

According to Q _ii, Q _ojthe passenger flow quantity that in acquisition time section T, subway concourse need be carried, determines that the running status of subway concourse in this period is crowded, normal or sparse;

The open quantity of the subway concourse under crowded, normal or rarefaction state is set, according to Q _ii, Q _ojand Q _platformmodel determination subway concourse is crowded, normal or rarefaction state is run;

In Different periods T, if the congestion state frequency of occurrences is higher than 60%, increases subway concourse quantity and arrange; In Different periods T, if the rarefaction state frequency of occurrences is higher than 60%, reduces subway concourse quantity and arrange.

Wherein: in step S1:

Q _ii, Q _ojenter and outbound data according to automatic ticket checker is self registering, Q _aFCmodel is as follows:

$Q_{\mathrm{AFC}}=\underset{i=1}{\overset{m}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{Q}_{\mathrm{Ii}}+\underset{j=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{Q}_{\mathrm{Oj}}$

In formula: Q _aFC---in time T, the total number of persons out of the station of AFC (Automatic Fare Collection) mouth statistics;

Q _ii---in time T, the number that enters the station of i-th ticketing spot statistics that enters the station;

Q _oj---in time T, the departures number of a jth departures ticketing spot statistics;

M---the number of ticketing spot of entering the station;

N---the number of departures ticketing spot.

Wherein: in step S2:

Q _motion=Q _d+ Q _m

Wherein, Q _d---the on-board and off-board flow that escalator is carried;

Q _m---the on-board and off-board flow that People's Bank of China's stair are carried;

Wherein, the on-board and off-board flow that escalator is carried, i.e. Q _dcan be expressed as again:

Q _D＝N ₁·Q _DU·W _D+N ₂·Q _DD·W _D；

Wherein, Q _dU---the up transport capacity of escalator;

Q _dD---the descending transport capacity of escalator;

W _d---the width of escalator;

N ₁, N ₂---submeter represents the quantity of uplink and downlink staircase in whole subway station;

For escalator, because uplink and downlink travelling speed is the same, i.e. Q _dU=Q _dD, Q _dcan again be expressed as: Q _d=NQ _dUw _d;

Wherein, N=N ₁+ N ₂, represent the total quantity of uplink and downlink escalator;

The on-board and off-board flow of People's Bank of China's stair conveying, represents with following formula:

Q _M＝M ₁·Q _MU·W _M+M ₂·Q _MD·W _M；

Wherein, Q _mU---the passenger flow ability that People's Bank of China's stair are up;

Q _mD---the passenger flow ability that People's Bank of China's stair are descending;

W _m---the width of People's Bank of China's stair;

M ₁, M ₂---submeter represents the quantity of uplink and downlink stair in whole subway station;

For two-way People's Bank of China stair, the on-board and off-board flow of People's Bank of China's stair conveying, can be expressed as:

Q _m=M _two-wayq _two-wayw _two-way;

Wherein, Q _two-way---two-way People's Bank of China stair passenger flow ability;

M _two-way---the quantity of two-way People's Bank of China stair;

W _m---the width of two-way People's Bank of China stair.

Wherein: in step S3:

Q _{subway concourse}=NMaS _aC/ S _p;

In formula, Q _{subway concourse}---platform is waited the region volume of the flow of passengers

A---passenger's bulkfactor;

S _aC---the area sum of subway concourse Accreditation Waiting Area;

S _p---the floor area shared by single passenger's individuality;

N---represent that the subway line that this station has has several;

M---represent that platform that each line contains the altogether district that waits has several;

In above formula, the area of subway concourse Accreditation Waiting Area obtains by the physical measurement of reality;

S _pfloor area shared by passenger individual, decided by full-size shoulder breadth physiological in vertical direction and body thickness and the distance at heart that all around can bear, this value is obtained by the fat or thin variant people of random searching 50 men and women's height statistics of averaging.

A kind of subway station passenger flow microcomputer statistical provided by the present invention and dispatching method, have the following advantages:

The present invention have intuitive strong, implement simple, the purpose advantage such as clearly, the number of waiting of the number in the number of the ticketing spot out of the station in the subway system of each period, passage and stair, different subway concourse can be predicted by method of the present invention; And can easily congested area carry out maximum passenger flow Threshold Analysis, prediction distributes to ticketing spot out of the station, stair, platform etc., thus for providing passenger flow rule in traffic correlative study, based on Facilities Construction data analysis and support are provided.

Accompanying drawing explanation

accompanying drawing 1wait for subway concourse in subway and distinguish district's signal figure.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawingand embodiment is to a kind of subway station passenger flow microcomputer statistical of the present invention and the further detailed description of dispatching method.

The present invention is the passenger model by studying zones of different in a station, and then counts the dynamic realtime passenger flow situation at this station, thus for shunting and scheduling foundation is provided.Passenger takes urban track traffic can be divided into following process: enter station, line up for tickets, swipe the card enter the station, arrive subway concourse by stair, staircase, passage, facility, select suitable time to take advantage of position to wait, get on or off the bus, departures etc.By data and characteristic model, understand passenger to ride situation at the dynamic model of subway station and passenger, according to data and actual conditions, carry out design and scheduling scheme early, prevent passenger to assemble, to wait etc. problem for a long time, improve the comfort level that passenger takes track traffic, a series of unsafe factors that also avoiding blocks up brings, make the trip of passenger safer, improve the efficiency of operation of track traffic simultaneously.

If subway station is regarded as an enclosure space, the dynamic behaviour of the people of this enclosure space only has three kinds, out of the station, walk, wait.Enter the station and set off and all can carry out electronic counting by automatic fare collection mouth, the passenger walked just in the channel can have the passages such as stair activity to estimate, the passenger model of waiting then can have the passenger flow in the region of waiting in subway concourse to estimate.。

And in the operation of subway reality, the real-time passenger flow of subway, the passenger flow that main and intensive congested area is held is closely bound up, and most important close quarters has automatic ticket checker to pass in and out exit, stair activity, region of waiting (subway concourse waiting area).Therefore, the volume of the flow of passengers that these three regions of primary study of the present invention can hold respectively, and then estimate the maximum passenger flow threshold value analyzing zones of different, and provide rule and the foundation of shunting management and running.

Subway automatic ticket checker is all passengers only way which must be passed out of the station, passenger from entering station mouth, arrive by stair or escalator the gate that enters the station, line up for tickets after, all to stick into station through automatic fare collection mouth brush.According to the self registering data of automatic ticket checker, just can get the number that enters the station in T time section, thus obtain the volume of the flow of passengers model of newly-increased passenger generation.

Escalator and People's Bank of China's stair are as the tie of subway concourse and subway concourse, and playing an important role to the conveying of metro passenger flow, is also the region the most easily blocked up during passenger flow is passed through.Therefore, channel width, stair, staircase Length x Width etc. all can affect the evacuation of passenger flow and passenger flow dynamic change out of the station.So we are using stair region as research object, according to the physical structural characteristic of passenger flow at the dynamic motion of subway station and stair, staircase, thus the passenger estimating stair activity region dynamic passenger flow model out of the station.

Subway subway concourse is the low spot of passenger getting on/off, enter station passenger, finally all can be gathered in the regions of waiting such as subway concourse, subway concourse, passageway to wait, As time goes on the passengers quantity assembled increases, therefore, the subway concourse region density of personnel of waiting and subway concourse structure, area all affect the volume of the flow of passengers.So this paper, by the factor such as surface area, subway concourse area, the passenger speed of travel, out of the station dynamic change of research shared by passenger individual, estimates dynamic waiting person's digital-to-analogue type in subway concourse.

Following examples are implemented under premised on technical solution of the present invention, give detailed embodiment and process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.

The present invention is chosen as basis with the peek of IC-card intelligence, artificial long-term observation, and the time interval of record represents with T, and T is tentatively set to 15 minutes, can be considered the volume of the flow of passengers in short-term, is also a kind of passenger flow real-time computing technique of microscopic behavior.Concrete embodiment is as follows:

(1) the passenger flow model of AFC system generation

Subway automatic ticket checker is all passengers only way which must be passed out of the station, enters and outbound data, just can get the number out of the station in T time section, thus obtain volume of the flow of passengers model out of the station according to automatic ticket checker is self registering.Method is as follows:

$Q_{\mathrm{AFC}}=\underset{i=1}{\overset{m}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{Q}_{\mathrm{Ii}}+\underset{j=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{Q}_{\mathrm{Oj}}$ (formula 1-1)

In formula: Q _aFC---in time T, the total number of persons out of the station of AFC (Automatic Fare Collection) mouth statistics

Q _ii---in time T, the number that enters the station of i-th ticketing spot statistics that enters the station

Q _oj---in time T, the departures number of a jth departures ticketing spot statistics

M---the number of ticketing spot of entering the station

N---the number of departures ticketing spot

In above formula, the value of m, n can calculating according to concrete subway station reality, Q _ii, Q _ojconcrete value can be read out by AFC system reality.

Dispatching method is performed as follows: the total number of persons Q passing in and out AFC (Automatic Fare Collection) mouth Time Created in section T _aFCmodel, and according to model formulate scheduling strategy, comprising:

In computing time section T, the number Q that enters the station of i-th ticket checking of entering the station _ii, and a jth departures ticketing spot departures number Q _oj, the flow direction of the subway station passenger flow of statistics Different periods T;

The total number of persons Q of AFC (Automatic Fare Collection) mouth is passed in and out Time Created in section T _aFCcomputation model, the number scope of setting peak period, usually phase, low ebb phase, determining time T is peak period period, usually period phase or period low ebb phase;

The open quantity of turnover exit of setting peak period period, usually period phase, period low ebb phase, and according to Q _ii, Q _ojquantity selects open turnover exit from high to low; Q is set respectively _ii, Q _ojthreshold value, at Q _ii, Q _ojquantity all exceedes the region of threshold value, arranges two-way ticketing spot, alleviates the passenger flow pressure of each period, all directions;

For certain subway station, survey this subway station and have A, B, C tri-subway lines, total thingtwo turnover exits, entering ticketing spot has 6, and going out ticketing spot is 5, and the present invention acquires certain working day passenger by AFC counting and selects the peak period of subway and flat peak phase, and the time is the peek situation of the AFC in 15 minutes.

table 1: peek situation in ticketing spot out of the station in certain subway station 15 minutes

In metro design code, maximum colleague's ability of automatic fare collection mouth is 30 people/min, from table 1can find out, substantially the pressure of workaday peak period subway is larger, also it is the more crowded period, the average traffic capacity in morning peak exit and each ticketing spot of evening peak ENTRANCE is 36 ~ 40 people/min, other times passenger compares dispersion, subway relative pressure is less, substantially there will not be congestion state.We find out that from form morning peak phase exit presents congestion state, and relative evening peak phase station entrance presents congestion state, and from then on the flow direction of passenger is roughly gets off at station morning, and evening, from then on got on the bus in station, and this station is arranged on Administrative Area just.So, in order to alleviate the subway pressure of peak period, can according to the flow direction rule of passenger, at the turnover exit of open different number of different periods, even many some two-way ticketing spots of increase, morning peak outputs ticketing spot, station number more, and evening peak sets up the ticketing spot number that enters the station more, thus alleviates the passenger flow pressure of each period of all directions.

Therefore, this model, subway station not only can estimate the ticketing spot out of the station passenger flow number of each period, the passenger flow flow direction rule of Different periods can also be estimated, thus increase or reduce the open number of ticketing spot out of the station flexibly according to the time period, finally reach and alleviate passenger flow pressure out of the station, for passenger brings comfortable good experience easily.

(2) the dynamic motion model of staircase, stair

In same time T, except the passenger just entering station, departures, subway concourse are waited, the passenger that also has a lot of passenger to comprise transfer are in the process by clear passage, stair or staircase, therefore, according to the physical arrangement at station, such as channel width, elevator, staircase Length x Width and number etc. obtain the out of the station dynamic motion model of passenger in station.Because People's Bank of China's staircase is different with handling capacity of passengers with the speed of escalator, and all can there is the situation of uplink and downlink in two kinds of elevators, and therefore, the passenger model in motion can be expressed as:

Q _motion=Q _d+ Q _m(formula 1-2)

(1-2) in formula, Q _d---the on-board and off-board flow that escalator is carried

Q _m---the on-board and off-board flow that People's Bank of China's stair are carried

Wherein, the on-board and off-board flow that escalator is carried, i.e. Q _dcan be expressed as again:

Q _d=N ₁q _dUw _d+ N ₂q _dDw _d(formula 1-3)

(1-3) in formula, Q _dU---the up transport capacity of escalator

Q _dD---the descending transport capacity of escalator

W _d---the width of escalator

N ₁, N ₂---submeter represents the quantity of uplink and downlink staircase in whole subway station

For escalator, because uplink and downlink travelling speed is the same, i.e. Q _dU=Q _dD, therefore formula (1-3) can be expressed as again:

Q _d=NQ _dUw _d(formula 1-4)

In formula (1-4), N=N ₁+ N ₂, represent the total quantity of uplink and downlink escalator.

Therefore, the travelling speed of escalator arranged according to actual subway station and the quantity of the escalator of the actual setting of subway station and width, just can go out the volume of the flow of passengers of the escalator in T moment by real-time estimation according to formula (1-4).

Same Computing Principle, the on-board and off-board flow of People's Bank of China's stair conveying, can represent with following formula:

Q _m=M ₁q _mUw _m+ M ₂q _mDw _m(formula 1-5)

In formula (1-5), Q _mU---the passenger flow ability that People's Bank of China's stair are up

Q _mD---the passenger flow ability that People's Bank of China's stair are descending

W _m---the width of People's Bank of China's stair

M ₁, M ₂---submeter represents the quantity of uplink and downlink stair in whole subway station

For two-way People's Bank of China stair, the on-board and off-board flow of People's Bank of China's stair conveying, can be expressed as:

Q _m=M _two-wayq _two-wayw _two-way(formula 1-6)

In formula (1-6), Q _two-way---two-way People's Bank of China stair passenger flow ability

M _two-way---the quantity of two-way People's Bank of China stair

W _m---the width of two-way People's Bank of China stair

Its dispatching method is performed as follows: according to Q _ii, Q _ojthe passenger flow number that in acquisition time section T, escalator, People's Bank of China's stair need transport;

The transport passenger flow Q of escalator, People's Bank of China's stair in Time Created section T _motionmodel, wherein, the on-board and off-board flow that escalator is carried is Q _d, the on-board and off-board flow carried of People's Bank of China's stair is Q _m; Q _dUfor the up transport capacity of single escalator, Q _dDfor the descending transport capacity of escalator;

The travelling speed of the escalator under setting peak state, normal state, low state, the open quantity of People's Bank of China's stair and escalator;

According to Q _ii, Q _ojand Q _motionmodel determination escalator operation, People's Bank of China's stair run with peak state, normal state or low state;

In metro design code, for escalator, general width W _dfor 1m, 30 °, angle of inclination, travelling speed is generally 0.65m/s or 0.5m/s, handling capacity is 160 ~ 135 people per minute, the up handling capacity of People's Bank of China's stair is about unit width 60 people per minute, descending handling capacity is relatively higher, and obtain by the manual observation of reality and subway staff experience, the traffic capacity of Bidirectional stair is per minute about 55.

Still for above-mentioned station, the optimum configurations situation of this subway station People's Bank of China stair and auto-stair is as follows:

table 2: staircase optimum configurations situation

From table 2find out, the maximum transmission capacity of single escalator is 135 people/min, the maximum transmission capacity of single People's Bank of China stair is 127 people/min, and by ticketing spot out of the station counting statistics, the passenger of morning peak and the turnover of evening peak stage is 400 people/about min, therefore, the situation of the crowded queuing of passenger is there will be at stair or staircase region.And can calculate these subway station stair conveying volume of the flow of passengers situation according to formula (1-4) (1-6) is: Q _d≈ 270/min, Q _m≈ 254/min, Q _aFC≈ 524

Therefore, through type (1-2), can estimate real-time stair conveying passenger flow ability, also can draw the maximum delivery volume of the flow of passengers of escalator and stair, can thus provide reference frame for the max-thresholds of the transport capacity calculating stair.When paroxysmal appearance is crowded, can by the travelling speed of adjustment escalator, the transport capacity increasing escalator is shunted in time, when statistical observation is in congestion state for a long time, by infrastructure rebuilding, the quantity and the width that suitably increase escalator or stair solve congested problem.

(3) dynamic waiting person's digital-to-analogue type in subway concourse

Subway subway concourse is the place of passenger getting on/off, has generally all divided passenger holding areas and drive through lane in subway concourse region to ensure that passenger gets on or off the bus by order. as Fig. 1, queue up in the process of getting on the bus by normal order, A and C district waits for the passenger area of getting on the bus, and B district is the passage of passenger's walking of getting off, and in general, region of waiting is full, and concrete number can be described by the so sparse factor of the bulkfactor a of passenger, as Fig. 1shown in. fig. 1in, the area of each ellipse represents the floor area shared by passenger.Therefore, the number of waiting in subway concourse calculates by the accommodation passenger flow in A and C district, and the present invention, by factors such as the surface area of research shared by passenger individual, subway concourse area, passenger's density are sparse, to estimate in subway concourse dynamically waiting person's digital-to-analogue type.

Q _platform=NMaS _aC/ S _p(formula 1-7)

In formula, Q _platform---subway concourse is waited the region volume of the flow of passengers

A---passenger's bulkfactor

S _aC---the area sum of A district and Accreditation Waiting Area, C district

S _p---the floor area shared by single passenger's individuality

N---represent that the subway line that this station has has several

M---represent that subway concourse that each line contains the altogether district that waits has several

In above formula, the area of A and C Accreditation Waiting Area obtains by the physical measurement of reality;

N, M can determine according to concrete station;

S _pfloor area shared by passenger individual, decided by full-size shoulder breadth physiological in vertical direction and body thickness and the distance at heart that all around can bear, this value is obtained by the fat or thin variant people of random searching 50 men and women's height statistics of averaging, result as table 3shown in;

table 3: 50 individual area occupied average statistical value of passenger

A passenger's bulkfactor, can along with passenger queue up formation, crowded sparse degree, luggage size change, therefore the passenger flow that subway concourse holds of waiting is being calculated, need to introduce bulkfactor factor a to revise, calculate subway concourse according to subway concourse infrastructure construction condition and to wait region volume of the flow of passengers threshold value Q _platform, described threshold value is divided into crowded, normal, rarefaction state according to parameter passenger bulkfactor a value difference wherein, and a>=1.25 are congestion state; 0.85 < a < 1.25 is normal condition; A≤0.85 is rarefaction state;

According to Q _ii, Q _ojthe passenger flow quantity that in acquisition time section T, subway concourse need be carried, determines that the running status of subway concourse in this period is crowded, normal or sparse;

The open quantity of the subway concourse under crowded, normal or rarefaction state is set, according to Q _ii, Q _ojand Q _platformmodel determination subway concourse is crowded, normal or rarefaction state is run;

In Different periods T, if the congestion state frequency of occurrences is higher than 60%, increases subway concourse quantity and arrange; In Different periods T, if the rarefaction state frequency of occurrences is higher than 60%, reduces subway concourse quantity and arrange.

Therefore, number of waiting formula model in this Waiting Lounge, the volume of the flow of passengers of estimation Waiting Lounge that not only can be real-time, also the early warning value of maximum number of waiting can be provided, thus provide foundation for the maximum early warning of subway station waiting rooms number, subway station this modeling statistics of basis can go out the number of waiting of every day each period, in units of the moon, both statistical can separate out every day peak period subway concourse and to wait passenger flow actual conditions, come area, the number of corresponding increase compartment or subway concourse, conveniently evacuate passenger timely, for passenger safety ensures.

Certainly; above-mentioned explanation is not limitation of the present invention; the present invention is also not limited in above-mentioned citing, the change that those skilled in the art make in essential scope of the present invention, remodeling, interpolation or replacement, also should belong to protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. subway station passenger flow microcomputer statistical and a dispatching method, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:

S1: the total number of persons Q passing in and out AFC (Automatic Fare Collection) mouth Time Created in section T _aFCmodel, and according to model formulate scheduling strategy, comprising:

In computing time section T, the number Q that enters the station of i-th ticket checking of entering the station _ii, and a jth departures ticketing spot departures number Q _oj, the flow direction of the subway station passenger flow of statistics Different periods T;

The total number of persons Q of AFC (Automatic Fare Collection) mouth is passed in and out Time Created in section T _aFCcomputation model, the number scope of setting peak period, usually phase, low ebb phase, determining time T is peak period period, usually period phase or period low ebb phase;

The open quantity of turnover exit of setting peak period period, usually period phase, period low ebb phase, and according to Q _ii, Q _ojquantity selects open turnover exit from high to low; Q is set respectively _ii, Q _ojthreshold value, at Q _ii, Q _ojquantity all exceedes the region of threshold value, arranges two-way ticketing spot, alleviates the passenger flow pressure of each period, all directions;

S2: the dynamic motion model setting up escalator, People's Bank of China's stair, and formulate scheduling strategy according to model, comprising:

According to Q _ii, Q _ojthe passenger flow number that in acquisition time section T, escalator, People's Bank of China's stair need transport;

The transport passenger flow Q of escalator, People's Bank of China's stair in Time Created section T _motionmodel, wherein, the on-board and off-board flow that escalator is carried is Q _d, the on-board and off-board flow carried of People's Bank of China's stair is Q _m; Q _dUfor the up transport capacity of single escalator, Q _dDfor the descending transport capacity of escalator;

The travelling speed of the escalator under setting peak state, normal state, low state, the open quantity of People's Bank of China's stair and escalator;

According to Q _ii, Q _ojand Q _motionmodel determination escalator operation, People's Bank of China's stair run with peak state, normal state or low state;

S3: set up dynamic waiting person's digital-to-analogue type in subway concourse, and formulate scheduling strategy according to model, comprising:

Calculate subway concourse according to subway concourse infrastructure construction condition to wait region volume of the flow of passengers threshold value Q _platform, described threshold value is divided into crowded, normal, rarefaction state according to parameter passenger bulkfactor a value difference wherein, and a>=1.25 are congestion state; 0.85 < a < 1.25 is normal condition; A≤0.85 is rarefaction state;

According to Q _ii, Q _ojthe passenger flow quantity that in acquisition time section T, subway concourse need be carried, determines that the running status of subway concourse in this period is crowded, normal or sparse;

The open quantity of the subway concourse under crowded, normal or rarefaction state is set, according to Q _ii, Q _ojand Q _platformmodel determination subway concourse is crowded, normal or rarefaction state is run;

In Different periods T, if the congestion state frequency of occurrences is higher than 60%, increases subway concourse quantity and arrange; In Different periods T, if the rarefaction state frequency of occurrences is higher than 60%, reduces subway concourse quantity and arrange.

2. a kind of subway station passenger flow microcomputer statistical according to claim 1 and dispatching method, is characterized in that: in step S1:

Q _ii, Q _ojenter and outbound data according to automatic ticket checker is self registering, Q _aFCmodel is as follows:

$Q_{\mathrm{AFC}}=\underset{i=1}{\overset{m}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{Q}_{\mathrm{Ii}}+\underset{j=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{Q}_{\mathrm{Oj}}$

In formula: Q _aFC---in time T, the total number of persons out of the station of AFC (Automatic Fare Collection) mouth statistics;

Q _ii---in time T, the number that enters the station of i-th ticketing spot statistics that enters the station;

Q _oj---in time T, the departures number of a jth departures ticketing spot statistics;

M---the number of ticketing spot of entering the station;

N---the number of departures ticketing spot.

3. a kind of subway station passenger flow microcomputer statistical according to claim 1 and dispatching method, is characterized in that: in step S2:

Q _motion=Q _d+ Q _m

Wherein, Q _d---the on-board and off-board flow that escalator is carried;

Q _m---the on-board and off-board flow that People's Bank of China's stair are carried;

Wherein, the on-board and off-board flow that escalator is carried, i.e. Q _dcan be expressed as again:

Q _D＝N ₁·Q _DU·W _D+N ₂·Q _DD·W _D；

Wherein, Q _dU---the up transport capacity of escalator;

Q _dD---the descending transport capacity of escalator;

W _d---the width of escalator;

N ₁, N ₂---submeter represents the quantity of uplink and downlink staircase in whole subway station;

For escalator, because uplink and downlink travelling speed is the same, i.e. Q _dU=Q _dD, Q _dcan again be expressed as:

Q _D＝N·Q _DU·W _D；

Wherein, N=N ₁+ N ₂, represent the total quantity of uplink and downlink escalator;

The on-board and off-board flow of People's Bank of China's stair conveying, represents with following formula:

Q _M＝M ₁·Q _MU·W _M+M ₂·Q _MD·W _M；

Wherein, Q _mU---the passenger flow ability that People's Bank of China's stair are up;

Q _mD---the passenger flow ability that People's Bank of China's stair are descending;

W _m---the width of People's Bank of China's stair;

M ₁, M ₂---submeter represents the quantity of uplink and downlink stair in whole subway station;

For two-way People's Bank of China stair, the on-board and off-board flow of People's Bank of China's stair conveying, can be expressed as:

Q _m=M _two-wayq _two-wayw _two-way;

Wherein, Q _two-way---two-way People's Bank of China stair passenger flow ability;

M _two-way---the quantity of two-way People's Bank of China stair;

W _m---the width of two-way People's Bank of China stair.

4. a kind of subway station passenger flow microcomputer statistical according to claim 1 and dispatching method, is characterized in that: in step S3:

Q _{subway concourse}=NMaS _aC/ S _p;

In formula, Q _{subway concourse}---platform is waited the region volume of the flow of passengers

A---passenger's bulkfactor;

S _aC---the area sum of subway concourse Accreditation Waiting Area;

S _p---the floor area shared by single passenger's individuality;

N---represent that the subway line that this station has has several;

M---represent that platform that each line contains the altogether district that waits has several;

In above formula, the area of subway concourse Accreditation Waiting Area obtains by the physical measurement of reality;

S _pfloor area shared by passenger individual, decided by full-size shoulder breadth physiological in vertical direction and body thickness and the distance at heart that all around can bear, this value is obtained by the fat or thin variant people of random searching 50 men and women's height statistics of averaging.