CN105391265B - A kind of composite excitation fault-tolerant motor system of brushless harmonic exitation - Google Patents
A kind of composite excitation fault-tolerant motor system of brushless harmonic exitation Download PDFInfo
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- CN105391265B CN105391265B CN201510964408.5A CN201510964408A CN105391265B CN 105391265 B CN105391265 B CN 105391265B CN 201510964408 A CN201510964408 A CN 201510964408A CN 105391265 B CN105391265 B CN 105391265B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
- H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
- H02K21/14—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
- H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
- H02K1/272—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
- H02K1/274—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
- H02K1/2753—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets the rotor consisting of magnets or groups of magnets arranged with alternating polarity
- H02K1/276—Magnets embedded in the magnetic core, e.g. interior permanent magnets [IPM]
- H02K1/2766—Magnets embedded in the magnetic core, e.g. interior permanent magnets [IPM] having a flux concentration effect
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
- H02K21/02—Details
- H02K21/04—Windings on magnets for additional excitation ; Windings and magnets for additional excitation
- H02K21/042—Windings on magnets for additional excitation ; Windings and magnets for additional excitation with permanent magnets and field winding both rotating
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
- Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of composite excitation fault-tolerant motor system of brushless harmonic exitation, by adding harmonic winding (8)；Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection harmony wave winding is sleeved in rotor slot, and is concentratred winding；Excitation winding pole coil is connected from beginning to end successively, forms electricity excitation magnetic field；The harmonic winding in two rotor slots diametrically is connected into a phase；It is connected after each phase harmonic winding is in parallel by rectification circuit with Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection, is powered for Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection.The electric system of the present invention increases Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection harmony wave winding and rectifier, saves brush and slip ring on rotor structure, is advantageous to further improve the reliability and power density of motor.The permanent magnet in rotor is set in " V " type simultaneously, the existing radial magnetizing of permanent magnet, there is cutting orientation magnetizing again, active set has suffered magnetic flux, improves the output of motor, while has the advantages such as speed-regulating range width, power density and efficiency height.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of motor, more particularly to a kind of composite excitation fault-tolerant motor based on brushless harmonic exitation.
Background technology
Rotor permanent magnet type internal permanent magnet synchronous motor has big torque output, speed-regulating range width, power density and efficiency
The advantages that high, it is widely used in many high-grade drives fields.And in New-energy electric vehicle, wind-power electricity generation and boat
The high performance Qu Donglingyu such as empty space flight, all proposes very high requirement to the reliability of drive system.But it is traditional it is built-in forever
There are still the problem of fault freedom difference, can not meet system reliability requirement for magnetic-synchro motor.In order to overcome this shortcoming, state
Inside and outside some experts and scholar propose fault-tolerant motor, the motor can realize motor circuit between phase and phase, magnetic circuit and
The isolation in temperature field, improve the fault-tolerant operation ability of motor.But the excitation field of the motor is produced by permanent magnet, can not realize
Regulation to air-gap field.Mixed excitation electric machine is due to that can efficiently solve such problem and by the green grass or young crops of domestic and international researcher
Look at.At present, for the mixed excitation electric machine of rotor permanent magnet type, the position according to where Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection, Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection can be divided into and existed
Stationary part and Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection are in the class of rotor portion two.First kind motor is without brush and slip ring, and reliability is high, but electric machine structure
Complexity, there is additional air gap, existing radial flux has axial magnetic flux again, and power density and efficiency are low；Second class electric machine structure
It is fairly simple, but due to Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection on rotor, it is necessary to by external power supply for direct current, it is necessary to which brush and slip ring, unfavorable
In the highly reliable operation of motor.To solve the above problems, it is necessary that developing a kind of mixing based on brushless harmonic exitation encourages
Magnetic-capacity mistake electric system, to meet drive system to motor high efficiency, strong fault tolerance, requirement easy to process and brushless.
The content of the invention
For above-mentioned prior art and its deficiency, the present invention proposes that a kind of composite excitation based on brushless harmonic exitation is fault-tolerant
Electric system, solve fault-tolerant operation poor performance present in conventional internal formula permagnetic synchronous motor, permanent magnet demagnetization and Excitation Adjustment
Difficult problem is saved, while improves the efficiency and torque density of motor, and non-brushing can be realized, ensures the highly reliable of motor
Operation.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that：
(1) permanent magnet in rotor is set in " V " type, and the existing radial magnetizing of permanent magnet has a cutting orientation magnetizing again, in active set
Magnetic flux, improves the output of motor, while have the advantages such as speed-regulating range width, power density and efficiency height；
(2) using higher hamonic wave cutting harmonic winding to produce induced electromotive force, then by diode rectifier circuit rectification,
Give Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection power supply, it is not necessary to brush and collector ring, and AC excitation motor, it is simple in construction, reliability is high；
(3) in Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection installation rotor slot, in the absence of axial magnetic circuit and additional air gap, the Gao Gong of magneto is maintained
Rate density and high efficiency；
(4) armature winding on stator is centralized winding, and end is short, is easily installed, without the fault-tolerant teeth conduct of winding
Flux circuit, while circuit, magnetic circuit and the isolation in temperature field of motor between phase and phase are realized, improve the reliability of motor
With fault-tolerant operation ability；
(5) redundancy electrical excitation is used, when loss of excitation failure occurs for permanent magnet, excitation caused by electrical excitation winding can be passed through
Magnetic field, motor operating is maintained, improve the fault-tolerant ability of motor.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is electric machine structure schematic diagram of the present invention；
Wherein：1 stator, 2 rotors, 3 permanent magnets, 4 armature tooths, 5 fault-tolerant teeths, 6 armature winding, 7 Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection, 8 harmonic waves around
Group.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the kind of air-gap design such as not；
Wherein：ω is rotor velocity, RsFor stator inside radius, RrFor rotor outer radius, h is centrifugation height.
Fig. 3 is air gap flux density frequency analysis when armature winding is passed through five cross streams electric currents.
Fig. 4 is the circuit structure block diagram of the composite excitation fault-tolerant motor system of the brushless harmonic exitation of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is rotor harmonic winding connected mode of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is rotor field coil connected mode of the present invention.
Embodiment
Technical scheme is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
Excitation fault-tolerant motor, including stator 1, rotor five are mixed based on brushless harmonic exitation to be a kind of as shown in Figure 1
2nd, the harmonious wave winding 8 of permanent magnet 3, armature tooth 4, fault-tolerant teeth 5, armature winding 6, Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection 7.Armature tooth 4 and fault-tolerant teeth 5 are along calmly
1 inner ring is circumferentially-spaced is uniformly distributed for son, and total number of teeth is 2m multiple (m is the number of phases of motor), and the facewidth and appearance of armature tooth 4
The facewidth of side set 5 is unequal.Armature winding 6 is wound with armature tooth 4, is individual layer concentratred winding, two adjacent individual layer concentratred windings
Between isolated by fault-tolerant teeth 5, alternate Magnetic isolation, physical isolation are played while flux circuit is provided, be thermally isolated and
The effect of electrical isolation, fundamentally avoids phase fault, has higher reliability and the ability that operates with failure, reduces
Torque pulsation.Permanent magnet 3 is embedded in rotor 2, and shape is in " V " type, so existing radial magnetizing of permanent magnet, there is cutting orientation magnetizing again,
Active set has suffered magnetic flux, can improve the torsion of motor.The number of pole-pairs of total number of teeth of armature tooth 4 and fault-tolerant teeth 5 and permanent magnet 3 it
Difference is ± 2.The harmonious wave winding 8 of Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection 7 is sleeved in rotor slot, and is concentratred winding, and harmonic winding 8 passes through diode
Rectification circuit is connected with Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection 7；The coil of Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection 7 is connected from beginning to end successively；All permanent magnets 3 form permanent magnetic field, institute
There is magnet exciting coil to form electricity excitation magnetic field.
Distance is Unequal distance between the inner periphery of stator 1 and the excircle of rotor 2.In the present invention, the armature on stator 1
The inner periphery radian of tooth 4 and fault-tolerant teeth 5 is big compared with the excircle radian of rotor 2.As shown in Fig. 2 the inside radius of stator 1 is than turning
The outer radius of son 2 is big；Distance is h between the Inner arc center of circle of stator 1 and the external arc center of circle of rotor 2 simultaneously, is defined as centrifuging
Highly.So result in the non-uniform air-gap between rotor 2 and stator 1.Along the direction of rotor rotate counterclockwise, a cycle
Interior, gas length becomes maximum value from minimum value.Therefore, armature field can weaken in air gap larger part, while smaller in air gap
Place is compensated.So as to which air gap flux density distortion and torque pulsation can be suppressed well.By optimizing centrifugation height h and electricity
Armature tooth and the fault-tolerant teeth facewidth, it can make it that back-emf distortion and torque pulsation are minimum.When armature winding is passed through five cross streams electric currents
When, air gap flux density is as shown in figure 3, be primarily present 9 times and 11 subharmonic.
When motor operation base speed is following, permanent magnet works independently, and only exists permanent magnetic field；When motor operation in base speed with
When upper, harmonic winding accesses, and permanent magnet and Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection collective effect, realizes the regulation to permanent magnetic field.Utilize uneven gas
Gap and the stator facewidth such as not, optimize air gap flux density, it is only existed certain higher hamonic wave, utilize higher hamonic wave cutting harmonic winding
To produce induced electromotive force, then by diode rectifier circuit rectification, give Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection power supply, magnetic caused by DC excitation winding
Field is equal with permanent magnetic field number of poles, realizes the regulation to air-gap field.When demagnetization failure occurs for permanent magnet, harmonic winding connects
Enter, again may be by excitation field caused by electrical excitation winding, maintain motor operating, improve the fault-tolerant ability of motor.
The operation principle of the present invention is as follows：The motor produces main magnetic jointly by permanent magnet excitation and two kinds of excitation sources of electrical excitation
, in both magnetic potential sources, permanent magnet sources are main magnetic potential source, and electrical excitation magnetic potential is as auxiliary magnetic potential source.When motor operation is in base
When fast following, rotor windings do not work, permanent magnet independent role.When motor operation is in the base speed above, rotor windings and permanent magnetism
Body cooperation, harmonic winding 8 is cut using the higher hamonic wave in air gap flux density to produce induced electromotive force, then by diode
Rectifier circuit rectifies, magnetic field is equal with permanent magnetic field number of poles caused by DC excitation winding, realizes the regulation to permanent magnetic field.
The present invention harmonic winding produce induced harmonics electromotive force principle be：
It is illustrated in figure 3 air gap flux density frequency analysis when armature winding is passed through five cross streams electric currents, as seen from the figure, air gap
The higher hamonic wave being primarily present during magnetic is close is 9 times and 11 times, wherein, work harmonic wave based on 9 subharmonic, for producing torque, and
11 subharmonic are used for excitation winding.The circuit structure block diagram of the composite excitation fault-tolerant motor system of brushless harmonic exitation is as schemed
Shown in 4, external power supply device is powered to armature winding, 11 subharmonic in air gap, the harmonic winding production installed on cutting rotor
Raw induced electromotive force, the rectified circuit rectifies of induced potential are powered into direct current to Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection.Tradition is thus eliminated to encourage
The brush and slip ring of mixed excitation electric machine of the magnetic winding on rotor.The connected mode of harmonic winding is as shown in figure 4, diametrically
Two rotor slots in harmonic winding be connected into a phase.Nine phase harmonic windings are connected by rectification circuit with Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection, excitation
As shown in figure 5, excitation winding pole coil is connected from beginning to end successively, concrete reason is analyzed as follows winding connection：
The rotary speed of higher hamonic wave is different from fundamental wave synchronous rotational speed, similar with asynchronous machine, the revolutional slip of υ subharmonic
For：
Wherein,υωS=ωS/ υ, ωSFor stator electric angle frequency；ωRFor rotor field electric angle frequency；S is not use harmonic wave
Revolutional slip before,
When rotor polar distance is equal, the sensing magnetic linkage of single turn Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection is：
Wherein,Magnetic for υ subharmonic is close,υξψFor the coupling factor of υ subharmonic and rotor field coil, l is armature shaft
To length, τ is rotor polar distance.
Wherein, PRFor rotor number of pole-pairs.
When excitation winding pole coil is connected, according to formula (2), the sensing magnetic linkage in k-th of coil is：
From formula (4) and Fig. 6, Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection sensing magnetic linkage summation is：
Solution formula (5), the sensing magnetic linkage for obtaining rotor field coil are：
υ=(2g-1) PRG=1,2,3 ...
From formula (6) and (7) as can be seen that when all excitation winding pole coil series connection, work is only existed in rotor windings
Make harmonic wave, although inoperative harmonic wave (υ ≠ (2g-1) P in each coil of rotor be presentR), but when they connect, this
A little harmonic waves can cancel out each other in magnetic linkage is sensed.
Therefore, caused induced electromotive force passes through diode rectifier circuit rectification, the production of DC excitation winding in harmonic winding
Raw magnetic field is equal with permanent magnetic field number of poles, realizes the regulation to permanent magnetic field.
Electric system of the present invention, remained in structure and performance conventional internal formula permagnetic synchronous motor torque output it is big,
The advantages such as speed-regulating range width, power density and efficiency height；On excitation mode, employ permanent magnet excitation and two kinds of electrical excitation is encouraged
Magnetic mode, solve permanent magnet demagnetization and adjustment of field excitation difficult problem；On stator structure, armature winding is concentrated using individual layer, can
Improve the fault freedom of motor；On rotor structure, increase Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection harmony wave winding and rectifier, save brush and cunning
Ring, be advantageous to further improve the reliability and power density of motor.
Described above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications also should
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of composite excitation fault-tolerant motor system of brushless harmonic exitation, including stator (1), rotor (2), permanent magnet (3), electricity
Armature tooth (4), fault-tolerant teeth (5), armature winding (6), Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection (7)；The armature tooth (4) and the fault-tolerant teeth (5) are along described
Stator (1) inner ring is circumferentially-spaced to be uniformly distributed, and the facewidth of the armature tooth (4) and the facewidth of the fault-tolerant teeth (5) not phase
Deng；Be wound with the armature winding (6) of individual layer concentratred winding on the armature tooth (4), between two adjacent individual layer concentratred windings by
The fault-tolerant teeth (5) is isolated；In the embedded rotor (2) of the permanent magnet (3), all permanent magnets (3) form permanent-magnet magnetic
；It is characterized in that：Also include harmonic winding (8)；The Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection (7) and the harmonic winding (8) are sleeved on rotor slot
In, and be concentratred winding；Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection (7) coil is connected from beginning to end successively, forms electricity excitation magnetic field；Diametrically two
The harmonic winding (8) in rotor slot is connected into a phase；After harmonic winding (8) described in each phase is in parallel by rectification circuit with
The Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection (7) is connected；Distance is Unequal distance between the stator (1) and the rotor (2).
2. the composite excitation fault-tolerant motor system of brushless harmonic exitation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described fixed
The excircle radian of rotor (2) is big described in the inner periphery camber ratio of sub (1).
3. the composite excitation fault-tolerant motor system of brushless harmonic exitation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The electricity
Total number of teeth of armature tooth (4) and the fault-tolerant teeth (5) is 2m multiple, and the armature tooth (4) and the fault-tolerant teeth (5) is total
The difference of the number of teeth and the number of pole-pairs of the permanent magnet (3) is ± 2, and wherein m is the number of phases of motor.
4. the composite excitation fault-tolerant motor system of brushless harmonic exitation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described forever
Shape in the embedded rotor (2) of magnet (3) is in " V " type.
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| CN105811681A (en) * | 2016-05-11 | 2016-07-27 | 山东理工大学 | Production method for rotor of electromagnetic generator with combined type permanent magnet magnetic poles and salient poles |
| JP6645351B2 (en) * | 2016-05-12 | 2020-02-14 | スズキ株式会社 | Rotating electric machine |
| JP6645352B2 (en) * | 2016-05-12 | 2020-02-14 | スズキ株式会社 | Rotating electric machine |
| CN105763001A (en) * | 2016-05-13 | 2016-07-13 | 山东理工大学 | Production method of electromagnetic and built-in combined type radial permanent magnet drive motor rotor |
| CN105763003A (en) * | 2016-05-13 | 2016-07-13 | 山东理工大学 | Permanent magnetism and electromagnetism compounded excitation generation device rotor production method |
| CN108183643B (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2020-05-08 | 上海沪工焊接集团股份有限公司 | Hybrid excitation system and method of power generation electric welding machine |
| WO2020092522A1 (en) | 2018-10-31 | 2020-05-07 | Optiphase Drive Systems, Inc. | Electric machine with permanent magnet rotor |
| CN110126607A (en) * | 2019-05-05 | 2019-08-16 | 台州市金宇机电有限公司 | A kind of hanging motor driver in the side of battery-operated motor cycle |
| CN111082625A (en) * | 2020-01-09 | 2020-04-28 | 东华大学 | Alternating magnetic pole brushless hybrid excitation synchronous motor |
| CN112787476B (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2021-11-23 | 南京航空航天大学 | Integrated direct-current induction hybrid excitation brushless motor based on alternating-pole rotor |
| CN114204711B (en) * | 2021-12-07 | 2023-09-26 | 江苏大学 | Permanent magnet-armature double-harmonic collaborative optimization design method for magnetic field modulation permanent magnet motor |
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| CN102044946B (en) * | 2010-12-24 | 2013-03-20 | 东南大学 | Single-phase self-start permanent magnet synchronous motor |
| CN102185448B (en) * | 2011-05-09 | 2013-04-03 | 清华大学 | Hybrid excitation permanent magnet motor for wireless transmission and tooth harmonic excitation |
| CN102255460A (en) * | 2011-06-20 | 2011-11-23 | 上海电机学院 | Permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) possessing assembled magnetic effect |
| JP5997928B2 (en) * | 2012-05-09 | 2016-09-28 | ミネベア株式会社 | Single phase brushless motor |
| CN203368275U (en) * | 2013-06-03 | 2013-12-25 | 东南大学 | Open winding hybrid excitation motor |
| CN104201808B (en) * | 2014-09-12 | 2016-08-31 | 东南大学 | A kind of composite excitation fault-tolerant motor system based on position automatic detection |
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