CN111082625A - Alternating magnetic pole brushless hybrid excitation synchronous motor - Google Patents
Alternating magnetic pole brushless hybrid excitation synchronous motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN111082625A CN111082625A CN202010020622.6A CN202010020622A CN111082625A CN 111082625 A CN111082625 A CN 111082625A CN 202010020622 A CN202010020622 A CN 202010020622A CN 111082625 A CN111082625 A CN 111082625A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
- H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
- H02K21/14—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K19/00—Synchronous motors or generators
- H02K19/16—Synchronous generators
- H02K19/26—Synchronous generators characterised by the arrangement of exciting windings
- H02K19/28—Synchronous generators characterised by the arrangement of exciting windings for self-excitation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K29/00—Motors or generators having non-mechanical commutating devices, e.g. discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
- H02K2213/03—Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information
Abstract
The invention provides a brushless mixed excitation synchronous motor with alternate magnetic poles, which comprises a stator and a rotor and is characterized in that: the stator winding is a three-phase alternating current winding or a double three-phase alternating current winding, the rotor is an electric excitation magnetic pole and a permanent magnetic pole which are alternately arranged to form an at least four-pole structure, and the rotor harmonic winding is connected with the excitation winding. The invention provides an alternate magnetic pole harmonic excitation-permanent magnet brushless hybrid excitation synchronous motor based on the existing harmonic excitation technology, and can be applied to various industrial fields such as wind power generation, hybrid electric vehicles and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an alternating magnetic pole brushless hybrid excitation synchronous motor.
Background
The synchronous motor has the excellent characteristics of high power density, high efficiency and the like, and is widely applied to the industrial fields of electric automobiles, wind power generation, automatic manufacturing equipment and the like. However, there are always three problems to be solved with permanent magnet synchronous machines: (1) the excitation flux generated by the permanent magnet is difficult to adjust; (2) the permanent magnet material has the risk of loss of magnetism, so that the motor cannot work; (3) with the increasingly widespread use of permanent magnet materials, the price of the permanent magnet materials is high, and the dosage needs to be reduced. The hybrid excitation motor with the high power density of the permanent magnet motor and the adjustable excitation flux of the electric excitation motor is an important approach for solving the problems.
The excitation source in the hybrid excitation motor comprises two parts, namely a permanent magnet and an electric excitation coil. The permanent magnet is provided with a magnetic field, and external excitation is not needed, so the structure and the performance of the brushless hybrid excitation motor mainly depend on an electric excitation mode. The existing brushless mixed excitation motor scheme can be divided into a stator side electrically-excited brushless mixed excitation motor and a rotor side electrically-excited brushless mixed excitation motor.
The stator side electro-magnetic brushless mixed excitation motor mainly comprises: the magnetic field generator comprises a brushless claw pole hybrid excitation motor, a rotor magnetic shunt hybrid excitation motor, a magnetic pole staggered axial magnetic flux hybrid excitation motor and a double salient pole hybrid excitation motor. The excitation coil of the brushless claw-pole hybrid excitation motor is arranged at the end part of the stator, and compared with a brush claw-pole motor, the brushless claw-pole hybrid excitation motor has an additional air gap and has the defects of large magnetic leakage and the like, so that the power density is low. The rotor magnetic shunt hybrid excitation motor has an axial flux path, so that eddy current loss is increased, and an additional air gap also exists. The magnetic pole staggered axial magnetic flux hybrid excitation motor also has an axial magnetic flux path, and the iron core is divided into two sections, so that the power density and the material utilization rate are difficult to improve. The excitation part of the doubly salient hybrid excitation motor is arranged on the stator, the rotor structure is simple, but the problems of large torque fluctuation, non-sinusoidal output voltage waveform and the like of the motor are always not solved easily due to the inherent contradiction between the maintenance of large torque and the sine of the output waveform. As described above, the excitation energy of the stator-side electrically-excited brushless hybrid excitation motor is mainly transmitted by the dc magnetic field, and the excitation efficiency is low without using the motional electromotive force. The presence of an additional air gap in the magnetic circuit results in the need for a larger excitation current.
The rotor side electrically excited brushless hybrid excitation motor mainly comprises: tooth harmonic mixed excitation motor, coupling transformer excitation motor. The tooth harmonic mixed excitation motor can realize brushless excitation, but the excitation source of the tooth harmonic mixed excitation motor comes from the tooth harmonic inherent to the motor, so that the excitation current regulation range is limited. Coupling transformer excited machines increase the axial length of the machine, plus the additional air gap through which the magnetic flux passes, resulting in a reduction in power density. In addition, the shell type U-shaped concentric iron core formed by silicon steel sheets is complex in manufacturing process and heavy in size, and the manufacturing cost is increased. As described above, the rotor-side electrically-excited brushless hybrid excitation motor transmits excitation energy mainly by an alternating magnetic field and utilizes a motional electromotive force, thereby achieving high excitation efficiency. However, the existing rotor side electrically-excited brushless hybrid excitation motor still has the defects of limited magnetic field adjusting range, increased axial length and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the problems of an axial magnetic flux path, increased axial length, limited magnetic field adjusting range and the like exist in the existing hybrid excitation motor.
In order to solve the above problems, the technical solution of the present invention is to provide an alternating magnetic pole brushless hybrid excitation synchronous motor, which includes a stator and a rotor, and is characterized in that: the stator winding is a three-phase alternating current winding or a double three-phase alternating current winding, the rotor is an electric excitation magnetic pole and a permanent magnetic pole which are alternately arranged to form an at least four-pole structure, and the rotor harmonic winding is connected with the excitation winding.
Preferably, the electrically excited magnetic poles are brushless excited by harmonic current, and the permanent magnet poles are arranged in a V-shaped embedded permanent magnet arrangement mode.
Preferably, the rotor harmonic windings are single phase windings, and the pitch of the rotor harmonic windings is 1/3 of the pitch of the excitation windings.
Preferably, the rotor comprises a main tooth and a branch tooth, the main tooth is connected with the branch tooth, and the rotor harmonic winding is nested on the branch tooth structure of the permanent magnet magnetic pole and the electric excitation magnetic pole.
Preferably, the electrical angle phase difference of the double three-phase windings is 30 degrees.
Preferably, the stator winding is an open winding, and the rotor excitation is realized by injecting third harmonic current through a double three-phase power converter.
Preferably, the rotor harmonic winding is connected to the field winding by a rotating rectifier.
Preferably, the permanent magnet magnetic pole and the electric excitation magnetic pole are provided with slots for nesting the rotor harmonic winding.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the mixed excitation is realized by adopting the alternate magnetic poles, and the excitation adjustment is convenient to realize;
(2) the armature current waveform is saddle-shaped, so that the power density of the motor is improved;
(3) only radial magnetic field, no axial magnetic flux, small magnetic leakage loss and high efficiency;
(4) simple structure, firmness and wide operating speed range.
The invention provides an alternate magnetic pole harmonic excitation-permanent magnet brushless hybrid excitation synchronous motor based on the existing harmonic excitation technology, and can be applied to various industrial fields such as wind power generation, hybrid electric vehicles and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a rotor structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the phase relationship of the stator windings of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the motor system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the invention more comprehensible, preferred embodiments are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the alternating magnetic pole brushless hybrid excitation synchronous motor of the present invention includes a stator 1 and a rotor 2, and a stator winding 11 is a three-phase ac winding or a double three-phase ac winding. The rotor 2 is a four-pole structure, the electric excitation magnetic poles 21 and the permanent magnetic poles 22 are alternately arranged, the electric excitation magnetic poles 21 adopt a harmonic current brushless excitation scheme, and the permanent magnetic poles 22 adopt permanent magnets 27 in V-shaped embedded arrangement. The rotor 2 is in a structure that the main teeth 25 are connected with the sub-teeth 26, the rotor harmonic winding 23 is nested on the sub-teeth 26 of the permanent magnet poles 22 and the electric excitation poles 21, and the pitch of the rotor harmonic winding 23 is 1/3 of the excitation winding 24. The rotor 2 may be 2n (n is a positive integer) poles, the actual number of poles depending on the diameter size of the rotor 2 and the manufacturing process.
The main field of the rotor 2 exciter consists of the magnetic field generated by the harmonic current exciter pole and the magnetic field of the permanent magnet pole 22. When the third harmonic current content for excitation is less than the rated value, the motor is in a weak magnetic state; when the third harmonic current content for excitation is greater than the rated value, the motor is in a magnetizing state. The excitation flux can be adjusted by adjusting the amplitude of the third harmonic current component in the stator winding 11.
As shown in fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the stator 1 has a 24-slot structure, the stator winding 11 has a double three-phase winding with a single-layer structure and a pitch of 3, the phase difference between the electrical angles of the double three-phase windings is 30 degrees, and a triple harmonic current is injected through the double three-phase power converter to excite the rotor 2; the stator 1 can also be in a 12-slot structure, and the stator winding 11 is in a single three-phase winding and single-layer structure, and has a pitch of 3.
The permanent magnetic pole 22 and the electric excitation magnetic pole 21 are both provided with small slots 4 for mounting rotor harmonic windings 23. The rotor harmonic winding 23 is a single phase winding with a pitch 1/3 of the pole moment of the field winding 24. The rotor harmonic winding 23 is connected to the main excitation winding 24 via the rotating rectifier 3. After the rotor harmonic winding 23 has an induced electromotive force, it is rectified by the rotating rectifier 3 to supply an exciting current to the exciting winding 24.
The motor stator winding 11 is an open winding, which is convenient for injecting third harmonic current. The current waveform of the stator winding 11 is controlled by the power converter so that each phase of stator current contains a third harmonic current component. The amplitude of the alternating zero-sequence current injected into the stator winding 11 of the rotor harmonic winding 23 is changed through a power converter, so that the induced electromotive force generated by the action of the rotor 2 side and the zero-sequence harmonic magnetic field can be adjusted, and the transmission of the brushless electric excitation power is realized.
Claims (8)
1. An alternate magnetic pole brushless hybrid excitation synchronous motor comprises a stator (1) and a rotor (2), and is characterized in that: the stator winding (11) is a three-phase alternating current winding or a double three-phase alternating current winding, the rotor (2) is in at least a four-pole structure formed by alternately arranging an electric excitation magnetic pole (21) and a permanent magnetic pole (22), and the rotor harmonic winding (23) is connected with an excitation winding (24).
2. An alternating pole brushless hybrid excitation synchronous machine as defined in claim 1, wherein: the electric excitation magnetic poles (21) are in brushless excitation by harmonic current, and the permanent magnet magnetic poles (22) are arranged in a V-shaped embedded mode by permanent magnets (27).
3. An alternating pole brushless hybrid excitation synchronous machine as defined in claim 1, wherein: the rotor harmonic winding (23) is a single-phase winding, and the pitch of the rotor harmonic winding (23) is 1/3 of the pitch of the excitation winding (24).
4. An alternating pole brushless hybrid excitation synchronous machine as defined in claim 1, wherein: the rotor (2) comprises a main tooth (25) and a sub-tooth (26), the main tooth (25) is connected with the sub-tooth (26), and the rotor harmonic winding (23) is nested on the sub-tooth (26) of the permanent magnet pole (22) and the electric excitation pole (21).
5. An alternating pole brushless hybrid excitation synchronous machine as defined in claim 1, wherein: the electrical angle phase difference of the double three-phase windings is 30 degrees.
6. An alternating pole brushless hybrid excitation synchronous machine as defined in claim 1, wherein: the stator winding (11) is an open winding, and the rotor (2) is excited by injecting third harmonic current through the double three-phase power converter.
7. An alternating pole brushless hybrid excitation synchronous machine as defined in claim 1, wherein: the rotor harmonic winding (23) is connected with the excitation winding (24) through a rotating rectifier (3).
8. An alternating pole brushless hybrid excitation synchronous machine as defined in claim 1, wherein: the permanent magnetic pole (22) and the electric excitation magnetic pole (21) are provided with grooves (4) for nesting the rotor harmonic winding (23).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010020622.6A CN111082625A (en) | 2020-01-09 | 2020-01-09 | Alternating magnetic pole brushless hybrid excitation synchronous motor |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010020622.6A CN111082625A (en) | 2020-01-09 | 2020-01-09 | Alternating magnetic pole brushless hybrid excitation synchronous motor |
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| CN111082625A true CN111082625A (en) | 2020-04-28 |
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| CN202010020622.6A Pending CN111082625A (en) | 2020-01-09 | 2020-01-09 | Alternating magnetic pole brushless hybrid excitation synchronous motor |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113507176A (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2021-10-15 | 南京航空航天大学 | Rotor multi-groove type induction excitation type hybrid excitation motor |
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| CN103904855A (en) * | 2014-04-22 | 2014-07-02 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Brushless harmonic excitation motor with initial self-starting capacity |
| CN104682648A (en) * | 2015-02-02 | 2015-06-03 | 南昌大学 | Biharmonic excitation mixed excitation permanent magnet motor |
| CN105186744A (en) * | 2015-09-14 | 2015-12-23 | 常州市普世汽车电动系统有限公司 | Magnetic steel embedded hybrid excitation motor |
| CN105391265A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2016-03-09 | 东南大学 | Hybrid excitation fault-tolerant motor system based on brushless harmonic excitation |
| CN106026458A (en) * | 2016-05-13 | 2016-10-12 | 山东理工大学 | Combined radial permanent magnet and electromagnet series-parallel generation device for automobiles |
| CN106026589A (en) * | 2016-05-13 | 2016-10-12 | 山东理工大学 | Electromagnetic and built-in combined bi-radial permanent-magnetic drive motor for electric automobiles |
| CN108964396A (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2018-12-07 | 南京航空航天大学 | Stator partition type replaces pole hybrid excitation motor |
| CN108964392A (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2018-12-07 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | The harmonic field of a kind of double three-phase synchronous motors and the motor orients brushless excitation method |
| CN109921592A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2019-06-21 | 河海大学 | A kind of mixed excitation electric machine rotor structure suitable for modularized production |
-
2020
- 2020-01-09 CN CN202010020622.6A patent/CN111082625A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103904855A (en) * | 2014-04-22 | 2014-07-02 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Brushless harmonic excitation motor with initial self-starting capacity |
| CN104682648A (en) * | 2015-02-02 | 2015-06-03 | 南昌大学 | Biharmonic excitation mixed excitation permanent magnet motor |
| CN105186744A (en) * | 2015-09-14 | 2015-12-23 | 常州市普世汽车电动系统有限公司 | Magnetic steel embedded hybrid excitation motor |
| CN105391265A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2016-03-09 | 东南大学 | Hybrid excitation fault-tolerant motor system based on brushless harmonic excitation |
| CN106026458A (en) * | 2016-05-13 | 2016-10-12 | 山东理工大学 | Combined radial permanent magnet and electromagnet series-parallel generation device for automobiles |
| CN106026589A (en) * | 2016-05-13 | 2016-10-12 | 山东理工大学 | Electromagnetic and built-in combined bi-radial permanent-magnetic drive motor for electric automobiles |
| CN108964392A (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2018-12-07 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | The harmonic field of a kind of double three-phase synchronous motors and the motor orients brushless excitation method |
| CN108964396A (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2018-12-07 | 南京航空航天大学 | Stator partition type replaces pole hybrid excitation motor |
| CN109921592A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2019-06-21 | 河海大学 | A kind of mixed excitation electric machine rotor structure suitable for modularized production |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113507176A (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2021-10-15 | 南京航空航天大学 | Rotor multi-groove type induction excitation type hybrid excitation motor |
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Application publication date: 20200428 |
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