CN105369649A - 一种分散染料微孔膜染色方法 - Google Patents

一种分散染料微孔膜染色方法 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN105369649A
CN105369649A CN201510688576.6A CN201510688576A CN105369649A CN 105369649 A CN105369649 A CN 105369649A CN 201510688576 A CN201510688576 A CN 201510688576A CN 105369649 A CN105369649 A CN 105369649A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
dyeing
microporous barrier
disperse dyes
container
described step
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201510688576.6A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
赵涛
郝昆玥
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Donghua University
National Dong Hwa University
Original Assignee
Donghua University
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Donghua University filed Critical Donghua University
Priority to CN201510688576.6A priority Critical patent/CN105369649A/zh
Publication of CN105369649A publication Critical patent/CN105369649A/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
    • D06P1/16—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using dispersed, e.g. acetate, dyestuffs
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
    • D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
    • D06P1/64—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders using compositions containing low-molecular-weight organic compounds without sulfate or sulfonate groups
    • D06P1/651—Compounds without nitrogen
    • D06P1/65106—Oxygen-containing compounds
    • D06P1/65112—Compounds containing aldehyde or ketone groups
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
    • D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
    • D06P1/64—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders using compositions containing low-molecular-weight organic compounds without sulfate or sulfonate groups
    • D06P1/651—Compounds without nitrogen
    • D06P1/65106—Oxygen-containing compounds
    • D06P1/65118—Compounds containing hydroxyl groups
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
    • D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
    • D06P1/64—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders using compositions containing low-molecular-weight organic compounds without sulfate or sulfonate groups
    • D06P1/651—Compounds without nitrogen
    • D06P1/65106—Oxygen-containing compounds
    • D06P1/65125—Compounds containing ester groups
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
    • D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
    • D06P1/64—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders using compositions containing low-molecular-weight organic compounds without sulfate or sulfonate groups
    • D06P1/651—Compounds without nitrogen
    • D06P1/65106—Oxygen-containing compounds
    • D06P1/65131—Compounds containing ether or acetal groups
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
    • D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
    • D06P1/64—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders using compositions containing low-molecular-weight organic compounds without sulfate or sulfonate groups
    • D06P1/651—Compounds without nitrogen
    • D06P1/6515—Hydrocarbons
    • D06P1/65162—Hydrocarbons without halogen

Abstract

本发明涉及一种分散染料微孔膜染色方法，包括：将分散染料、水以及染色助剂加入到容器中，用微孔膜密封容器；将密封的容器和待染物置于染杯中，高温高压染色，水洗，得到染色物。本发明的方法工艺简单，操作方便，染色时通过微孔膜使溶解的染料透过并以单分子形式上染纤维保证了染色牢度，而染色助剂在一定程度上解决了微孔膜染色方法存在的低上染率的问题。本发明中染色后助剂可以通过蒸馏回收，染料可通过抽滤回收，整个染色过程无需加入表面活性剂类助剂，减轻水洗负担，提高染色牢度，节能环保。

Description

一种分散染料微孔膜染色方法
技术领域
本发明属于染色方法领域，特别涉及一种分散染料微孔膜染色方法。
背景技术
传统的分散染料染色中，高温高压和长时间染色对设备要求高，耗用了大量资源，更重要的是，商品分散染料中含有近一半的助剂，在染色过程中还要再次加入更多的助剂来获得良好的染色效果。助剂的增溶作用使得非常多的分散染料以极小的颗粒残留在染液中，极难分离，后果是严重的色度污染和更大的COD、BOD负荷。并且助剂吸附在纤维表面，它们对染料的吸附和增溶作用，导致染料在纤维表面大量堆积，形成所谓浮色，严重影响色牢度等服用性能。为了消除大量浮色，涤纶染色后还要进行复杂的还原清洗和皂洗、水洗。这繁重的后水洗会消耗大量的水资源和化学品，对生态造成严重毁坏。据统计，每染1t涤纶织物，染色用水量为10-20t，染色后水洗用水量约为80-120t，总共耗水量在90-140t之间。这些水将全部变为严重污染的废水。水洗中加热能耗相当于燃烧430kg标准煤。所以寻找更好的染色方法一直是国内外研究的焦点问题。
微孔膜在各个领域的应用基本都是作为过滤组件，然而它作为一种半透膜，其密布的微孔和选择透过性赋予了它另外的特性，缓释性能。微孔膜的缓释性能的应用研究尚处于初期阶段，主要用于药物胶囊的制备。而将其缓释性能应用于染色的研究还未见报道。
发明内容该方法
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种分散染料微孔膜染色方法，该方法工艺简单，操作方便，染色时微孔膜让溶解了的染料透过并以单分子形式上染纤维保证了染色牢度，而染色助剂在一定程度上解决了微孔膜染色方法存在的低上染率的问题；染色后溶剂可以通过蒸馏回收，染料通过抽滤回收，整个染色过程无需加入表面活性剂类助剂，减轻水洗负担，提高染色牢度，节能环保。
本发明的一种分散染料微孔膜染色方法，包括：
(1)将分散染料、水以及染色助剂加入到容器中，用微孔膜密封容器；
(2)将步骤(1)中密封的容器和待待染物置于染杯中，加水，高温高压染色，水洗，得到染色纤维。
所述步骤(1)中的分散染料均为纯分散染料，不含任何分散剂或者其他助剂。
所述步骤(1)中染色助剂为丙酮、甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇、乙酸乙酯、环己烷或者石油醚。
所述步骤(1)中染色助剂与水的体积比为1：1-1：20。
所述步骤(1)中微孔膜为聚四氟乙烯亲水膜PTFE、聚偏氟乙烯亲水膜PVDF或者醋酸纤维素微孔膜CA、聚碳酸酯微孔膜。
所述步骤(1)中容器为半密封耐高温高压容器。
所述步骤(2)中待染物为涤纶、腈纶、锦纶、氨纶、丙纶的散纤维、纱线、针织物或机织物。
所述步骤(1)中水与步骤(2)中染杯中的水体积比为1：1-1：10。
所述步骤(2)中高温高压染色的工艺参数为：分散染料用量为0.1-10％o.w.f；温度为110-140℃；时间为0.5h-6h；浴比为1：5-200。
所述步骤(2)中高温高压染色过程中被染物在40℃放入，以2℃/min升至110-140℃；恒温染色之后以3℃/min降至60℃后取出。
所述步骤(1)和步骤(2)中水为去离子水或自来水。
所述步骤(2)中得到染色纤维后染色助剂通过蒸馏回收，残留染料通过抽滤方法回收。
将微孔膜用于染色的染色原理是基于微孔膜的半透膜性质和分散染料的微水溶性。将纯分散染料、水和低沸点溶剂置于用微孔膜密封的定制小染杯中，再将小染杯放于装有水和织物的大染杯中，进行高温高压染色。只有溶解了的染料单分子才能透过微孔膜进入染液，对织物进行上染，染浴中染料数量很少且都是溶解了的染料分子，所以保证了织物的匀染性。微孔膜内的分散染料不断溶解，但由于微孔膜通道对染料的扩散有一定的阻碍，所以仅仅凭借膜内外的染料分子浓度差难以实现染料的大幅度扩散上染从而达到较高的上染率。采用染色助剂可以提高染料的扩散速率，促使染料单分子能够较多的、源源不断地扩散进入染液，上染织物，从而解决上染率低的问题。
有益效果
(1)本发明的方法通过微孔膜技术和低沸点助剂的添加，实现了染色牢度较高，上染率较高的染色效果，可与传统染色媲美，且染色时无需加入匀染剂、分散剂、润湿剂等助剂，故可以避免助剂本身造成的染色废水污染，同时减少了助剂成本；
(2)本发明的染色方法因织物染浴中无染色助剂，染色后的纤维表面浮色少，可省略还原清洗，并且缩短水洗工艺，节约能源；
(3)本发明的染色方法染色后容器内析出及未溶解的分散染料和残留的助剂均可回收使用，节能环保，降低成本；且染色方法方便，简单易行。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例，进一步阐述本发明。应理解，这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。此外应理解，在阅读了本发明讲授的内容之后，本领域技术人员可以对本发明作各种改动或修改，这些等价形式同样落于本申请所附权利要求书所限定的范围。
实施例1
在浴比1:20下，容器与染杯中的水比例为1：3，分散染料用量为：1％o.w.f，丙酮的用量与水的比例为1：2，将染料、助剂和水加入容器后用聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)微孔膜密封。然后把密封好的容器放入染杯内，加入水和涤纶织物后，进行高温高压染色。染色工艺为：40℃放入，以2℃/min升至130℃后保温1h，再以3℃/min降至60℃后取出，水洗。待容器内的染液冷却至室温后，通过抽滤洗涤的方法回收分散染料，蒸馏的方法回收丙酮。皂洗要求低，可省略还原清洗，染得织物色牢度好。
实施例2
在浴比1:20下，容器与染杯中的水比例为1：3，分散染料用量为：1％o.w.f，异丙醇的用量与水的比例为1：2，将染料、助剂和水加入容器后用聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)微孔膜密封。然后把密封好的容器放入染杯内，加入水和涤纶织物后，进行高温高压染色。染色工艺为：40℃放入，以2℃/min升至130℃后保温1h，再以3℃/min降至60℃后取出，水洗。待容器内的染液冷却至室温后，通过抽滤洗涤的方法回收分散染料，蒸馏的方法回收异丙醇。皂洗要求低，可省略还原清洗，染得织物色牢度好。
实施例3
在浴比1:20下，容器与染杯中的水比例为1：3，分散染料用量为：1％o.w.f，乙醇的用量与水的比例为1：2，将染料、助剂和水加入容器后用聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)微孔膜密封。然后把密封好的容器放入染杯内，加入水和涤纶织物后，进行高温高压染色。染色工艺为：40℃放入，以2℃/min升至130℃后保温1h，再以3℃/min降至60℃后取出，水洗。待容器内的染液冷却至室温后，通过抽滤洗涤的方法回收分散染料，蒸馏的方法回收乙醇。皂洗要求低，可省略还原清洗，染得织物色牢度好。
实施例4
在浴比1:20下，容器与染杯中的水比例为1：3，分散染料用量为：1％o.w.f，石油醚的用量与水的比例为1：2，将染料、助剂和水加入容器后用聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)微孔膜密封。然后把密封好的容器放入染杯内，加入水和涤纶织物后，进行高温高压染色。染色工艺为：40℃放入，以2℃/min升至130℃后保温1h，再以3℃/min降至60℃后取出，水洗。待容器内的染液冷却至室温后，通过抽滤洗涤的方法回收分散染料，蒸馏的方法回收石油醚。皂洗要求低，可省略还原清洗，染得织物色牢度好。

Claims (7)

1.一种分散染料微孔膜染色方法，包括：
(1)将分散染料、水以及染色助剂加入到容器中，用微孔膜密封容器；
(2)将步骤(1)中密封的容器和待染物置于染杯中，高温高压染色，水洗，得到染色物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种分散染料微孔膜染色方法，其特征在于，所述步骤(1)中染色助剂为丙酮、甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇、乙酸乙酯、环己烷或者石油醚。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种分散染料微孔膜染色方法，其特征在于，所述步骤(1)中染色助剂与水的体积比为1：1-1：20。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种分散染料微孔膜染色方法，其特征在于，所述步骤(1)中微孔膜为聚四氟乙烯亲水膜PTFE、聚偏氟乙烯亲水膜PVDF、醋酸纤维素微孔膜CA或聚碳酸酯微孔膜。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种分散染料微孔膜染色方法，其特征在于，所述步骤(2)中待染物为涤纶、腈纶、锦纶、氨纶、丙纶的散纤维、纱线、针织物或机织物。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种分散染料微孔膜染色方法，其特征在于，所述步骤(2)中高温高压染色的工艺参数为：分散染料用量为0.1-10％o.w.f；温度为110-140℃；时间为0.5h-6h；浴比为1：5-200。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种分散染料微孔膜染色方法，其特征在于，所述步骤(2)中得到染色物后染色助剂通过蒸馏回收，残留染料通过抽滤方法回收。
CN201510688576.6A 2015-10-21 2015-10-21 一种分散染料微孔膜染色方法 Pending CN105369649A (zh)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201510688576.6A CN105369649A (zh) 2015-10-21 2015-10-21 一种分散染料微孔膜染色方法

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201510688576.6A CN105369649A (zh) 2015-10-21 2015-10-21 一种分散染料微孔膜染色方法

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN105369649A true CN105369649A (zh) 2016-03-02

Family

ID=55372243

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201510688576.6A Pending CN105369649A (zh) 2015-10-21 2015-10-21 一种分散染料微孔膜染色方法

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN105369649A (zh)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109403073A (zh) * 2018-10-10 2019-03-01 上海硕翼机电设备有限公司 一种分散染料有机溶剂水染色方法

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101270551A (zh) * 2008-04-30 2008-09-24 浙江理工大学 一种聚乳酸纤维分散染料染色促进剂
CN104264506A (zh) * 2014-09-17 2015-01-07 东华大学 一种分散染料无助剂染色方法

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101270551A (zh) * 2008-04-30 2008-09-24 浙江理工大学 一种聚乳酸纤维分散染料染色促进剂
CN104264506A (zh) * 2014-09-17 2015-01-07 东华大学 一种分散染料无助剂染色方法

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
杨天乔等: "分散染料无助剂微孔膜染色性能研究", 《染料与染色》 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109403073A (zh) * 2018-10-10 2019-03-01 上海硕翼机电设备有限公司 一种分散染料有机溶剂水染色方法

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN105484071A (zh) 一种反胶束体系及其在酸性染料染色中的应用
CN103726351B (zh) 一种超临界co2流体还原染料染色方法
CN107164974B (zh) 一种涤纶纤维的低温染色工艺
US10604891B2 (en) Reactive dye bath and dyeing process for textiles
CN103741526B (zh) 一种筒子纱的残液染色工艺
CN103243588B (zh) 一种涤纶纺织品高温高压染色的方法
JP2020513485A (ja) 無水チーズ染色の装置、染色方法及びその製品
CN104264506B (zh) 一种分散染料无助剂染色方法
CN104195854A (zh) 一种零排放的染整工艺
CN105696384A (zh) 一种涤棉混纺织物反胶束超临界co2染色系统及染色方法
CN110004738A (zh) Pla/phbv共混丝/粘胶交织物一浴法染色工艺
CN102220702A (zh) 一种针织物前处理和染色一体化工艺
CN105369649A (zh) 一种分散染料微孔膜染色方法
CN104264516A (zh) 一种利用多种助剂进行棉纶织物染色的方法
CN106192453A (zh) 一种蚕丝织物的红曲红染色方法
CN104342869A (zh) 带有二只染缸的超临界二氧化碳流体染色装置
CN109505165B (zh) 一种以硅氧烷为介质的分散染料涤纶染色方法
CN104313919A (zh) 一种非离子型混合反胶束及其制备方法
CN111424440A (zh) 一种分散染料非水介质染色的方法
CN107201679B (zh) 一种活性染料染纤维素纤维低温皂洗工艺
CN102628231B (zh) 一种适于碱性条件下应用的退浆匀染剂
CN203284609U (zh) 一种超临界二氧化碳流体染色的专用设备
CN109403067A (zh) 以废弃食用油作为染色溶剂的染色方法
CN104631149A (zh) 无水和少水环保染色技术
CN105256617A (zh) 一种反胶束染色体系的回用方法

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
RJ01 Rejection of invention patent application after publication
RJ01 Rejection of invention patent application after publication

Application publication date: 20160302