CN1053563C - 制造醋酸纤维素长丝束的方法和香烟过滤嘴 - Google Patents

制造醋酸纤维素长丝束的方法和香烟过滤嘴 Download PDF

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CN1053563C
CN1053563C CN92112850A CN92112850A CN1053563C CN 1053563 C CN1053563 C CN 1053563C CN 92112850 A CN92112850 A CN 92112850A CN 92112850 A CN92112850 A CN 92112850A CN 1053563 C CN1053563 C CN 1053563C
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additive
diameter
starch
spinning solution
fiber
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CN1072580A (zh
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休伯特·克鲁斯
京特·海恩
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Austria Tabakwerke AG
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
    • A24D3/06—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
    • A24D3/14—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters of organic materials as additive
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
    • A24D3/06—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
    • A24D3/08—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters of organic materials as carrier or major constituent
    • A24D3/10—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters of organic materials as carrier or major constituent of cellulose or cellulose derivatives
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
    • A24D3/06—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
    • A24D3/067—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters characterised by functional properties
    • A24D3/068—Biodegradable or disintegrable
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
    • A24D3/06—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
    • A24D3/16—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters of inorganic materials
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
    • D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
    • D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F2/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F2/24—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof from cellulose derivatives
    • D01F2/28—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof from cellulose derivatives from organic cellulose esters or ethers, e.g. cellulose acetate

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Cigarettes, Filters, And Manufacturing Of Filters (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
  • Polysaccharides And Polysaccharide Derivatives (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
  • Filtering Materials (AREA)

Abstract

本发明描述了一种制造醋酸纤维素丝束的方法，其中由所述丝束构成的纤维是通过榨取一种纺丝溶液而获得的，在所述纺丝溶液中，除了(2，5)-醋酸酯纤维素及溶剂之外，还包含有难溶的无毒的化合物，该化合物的直径至少小于纤维直径30%，其中使用可溶于水或可用细菌降解的有机化合物，特别是淀粉或淀粉衍生物或糊精，作为添加物。

Description

制造醋酸纤维素长丝束的方法和香烟过滤嘴
现代香烟过滤嘴几乎都是由(2，5)-醋酸酯纤维素制作的。与先前所用的纸过滤嘴和棉花过滤嘴相比，这种材料具有以下优点：能够制成各种规格的特别是各种纤维横截面的、制造过滤嘴所用的丝束(Kabel)，而且易于加工成过滤嘴，就这一点来说，这种过滤嘴可用在快速运转的香烟生产机器上。这种由醋酸纤维素制成的过滤嘴在抽烟时看起来挺好。在生产过滤嘴时给上述丝束(已经不是纤维)添加“硬化剂”三醋酸酯(甘油三醋酸酯)或三甘醇二酯酸酯，使得该过滤嘴对于香烟烟雾中所含有的一些危害健康的物质，如苯酚和N-亚硝胺，有很好的选择性。
与未经化学改性的纤维素相比，这种材料的缺点在于微生物可使它慢慢降解。根据新近的研究工作，纯的(2，5)-醋酸酯纤维素在做成过滤嘴形状进行堆肥时，通过微生物的作用，在大约6至9个月的时间内被降解，在净化装置的水状介质中，估计约为12至15个月。过滤嘴的紧密性、上述硬化剂的添加物、以及它所吸附的香烟烟雾的凝聚物，妨碍了这种降解。
人们由此可以看到，由于在堆肥时和在净化装置中的相对来说较长的降解时间的限制，过滤嘴给环境带来的问题现在并未解决。
在尽可能完全保留目前这种通常的醋酸纤维素过滤嘴的优点的情况下，应这样来进行改进，即，与最新的有关文献中给出的所需时间相比，上述微生物降解明显地加快了。
当用按照本发明的方法制作的丝束来生产香烟时，就解决了所提出的任务。为实现上述目的，根据本发明提供一种制造醋酸纤维素长丝束的方法，所述方法包括下述步骤：由一种纺丝溶液榨取所述的纤维，所述的纺丝溶液包含(2，5)-醋酸脂纤维，一种溶液和一种悬浮于所述的溶液中的可用细菌降解的有机化合物添加剂，其中所述添加剂的颗粒的直径至少小于所述纤维直径的30％，并且从淀粉、淀粉衍生物或糊精中选择所述添加剂。
根据本发明还提供一种香烟过滤嘴，包括一束由醋酸纤维素制成的纤维束，所述的纤维束由纺丝溶液制成，所述的纺丝溶液包括醋酸脂纤维和可细菌降解的有机添加剂，所述的可细菌降解的有机添加剂被分布于所述的纤维束中的单个纤维中，其中所述的添加剂的颗粒的直径至少小于所述纤维直径的30％，并且所述添加剂从淀粉、淀粉衍生物或糊精中选择。
本发明是通过榨取一种纺丝溶液来获得一种醋酸纤维素丝束构成的纤维，在所述纺丝溶液中，除了(2，5)-醋酸酯纤维素及溶剂之外，还包含有占所述纺丝溶液的0.1％至5％的重量百分比的、难溶的、无毒的与所述(2，5)-醋酸酯纤维素有关的化合物，该化合物的直径至少小于纤维直径30％，使用可溶于水的化合物或可用细菌降解的有机化合物，特别是淀粉或淀粉衍生物或糊精，作为添加物。
本发明的作为可添加的能溶于水的物质有；二元糖和三元糖、有机酸和一些无机酸的碱金属和碱土金属盐(如氯化镁、硫酸镁、氯化钠、硫酸钠等)。
在湿气的作用下，上述可溶于水的物质从香烟过滤嘴中析出来，并且因此破坏了单根纤维的结构。在这种情况下所产生的残余纤维碎片的挺大的表面，使得(2，5)-醋酸酯纤维素能更快地进行微生物降解。
另一方面，将淀粉、部分地化学或生物降解了的淀粉、淀粉衍生物、含淀粉的产物(如谷类作物粉末、糊精)悬浮于纺丝溶液中，这样，通过在净化装置底部的微生物等，降解了这种添加物。并且在吸烟时破坏了香烟过滤嘴中的单根纤维的结构，且使得易于和加速残留的(2，5)-醋酸酯纤维素的进一步的微生物降解。

Claims (2)

1.一种制造醋酸纤维素长丝束的方法，所述方法包括下述步骤：由一种纺丝溶液榨取所述的纤维，所述的纺丝溶液包含(2，5)-醋酸脂纤维，一种溶液和一种悬浮于所述的溶液中的可用细菌降解的有机化合物添加剂，其中所述添加剂的颗粒的直径至少小于所述纤维直径的30％，并且从淀粉、淀粉衍生物或糊精中选择所述添加剂。
2.一种香烟过滤嘴，包括一束由醋酸纤维素制成的纤维束，所述的纤维束由纺丝溶液制成，所述的纺丝溶液包括醋酸脂纤维和可细菌降解的有机添加剂，所述的可细菌降解的有机添加剂被分布于所述的纤维束中的单个纤维中，其中所述的添加剂的颗粒的直径至少小于所述纤维直径的30％，并且所述添加剂从淀粉、淀粉衍生物或糊精中选择。
CN92112850A 1991-10-22 1992-10-21 制造醋酸纤维素长丝束的方法和香烟过滤嘴 Expired - Lifetime CN1053563C (zh)

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ATA2101/91 1991-10-22
AT0210191A AT396862B (de) 1991-10-22 1991-10-22 Verfahren zur herstellung eines zelluloseazetat-kabels und zigarettenfilter daraus

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EP (1) EP0609284B1 (zh)
JP (1) JPH07500385A (zh)
KR (1) KR100264527B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN1053563C (zh)
AT (2) AT396862B (zh)
CA (1) CA2121136C (zh)
DE (1) DE59205875D1 (zh)
DK (1) DK0609284T3 (zh)
ES (1) ES2085650T3 (zh)
GE (1) GEP19991509B (zh)
GR (1) GR3019451T3 (zh)
RU (1) RU2083146C1 (zh)
UA (1) UA27822C2 (zh)
WO (1) WO1993007771A1 (zh)
ZA (1) ZA928128B (zh)

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EP0622407A1 (en) * 1993-04-28 1994-11-02 Hoechst Celanese Corporation Polymer blend composed of cellulose acetate and starch acetate used to form fibers, films and plastic materials and a process to prepare said blends
DE4322967C1 (de) * 1993-07-09 1994-10-13 Rhodia Ag Rhone Poulenc Filtertow aus Celluloseacetat, dessen Herstellung und Verwendung als Tabakrauchfilterelement
DE4322965C1 (de) * 1993-07-09 1994-10-06 Rhodia Ag Rhone Poulenc Filtertow und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung sowie dessen Verwendung als Tabakrauchfilterelement
EP0783841A4 (en) * 1995-08-04 1998-08-26 Mitsubishi Rayon Co A FILTER MATERIAL AND MANUFACTURED CIGARETTE FILTER
DE19536505A1 (de) * 1995-09-29 1997-04-10 Biotec Biolog Naturverpack Biologisch abbaubares Filtermaterial und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
US5922110A (en) * 1998-01-21 1999-07-13 Dcv, Inc. Water-soluble, biodegradable filter, and process of using same
DK1167589T3 (da) 1999-03-11 2007-10-29 Japan Tobacco Inc Bionedbrydelige artikler af celluloseacetat samt filter for tobaksrög
EP1756023B1 (en) 2004-05-24 2012-04-11 British American Tobacco (Investments) Limited Molecularly imprinted polymers selective for nitrosamines and methods of using the same
CN1301076C (zh) * 2004-05-26 2007-02-21 长沙卷烟厂 高分子聚合物卷烟滤嘴添加剂及应用
US7585441B2 (en) * 2004-06-25 2009-09-08 Celanese Acetate, Llc Process of making cellulose acetate tow
DE102008051579A1 (de) 2008-10-14 2010-04-15 Rhodia Acetow Gmbh Biologisch abbaubarer Kunststoff und Verwendung desselben
JP5192982B2 (ja) * 2008-10-22 2013-05-08 ピジョン株式会社 不織布および衛生用品
JP5192981B2 (ja) * 2008-10-22 2013-05-08 ピジョン株式会社 不織布および衛生用品
US8434498B2 (en) 2009-08-11 2013-05-07 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Degradable filter element
EP3072405A1 (de) * 2015-03-27 2016-09-28 Cordenka GmbH & Co. KG Zigarettenfilter
RU2693531C1 (ru) * 2019-03-06 2019-07-03 Сергей Николаевич Ким Способ изготовления фильтрующего штранга из ацетат-целлюлозного волокна

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GB8712617D0 (en) * 1987-05-28 1987-07-01 British American Tobacco Co Tobacco smoke filters
US4964426A (en) * 1988-09-28 1990-10-23 Eastman Kodak Company Tobacco smoke filters and process for production thereof

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EP0609284B1 (de) 1996-03-27
GR3019451T3 (en) 1996-06-30
ES2085650T3 (es) 1996-06-01
CN1072580A (zh) 1993-06-02
KR100264527B1 (ko) 2000-09-01
DK0609284T3 (da) 1996-05-20
CA2121136A1 (en) 1993-04-29
EP0609284A1 (de) 1994-08-10
KR940702696A (ko) 1994-09-17
ATA210191A (de) 1993-05-15
WO1993007771A1 (de) 1993-04-29
JPH07500385A (ja) 1995-01-12
RU2083146C1 (ru) 1997-07-10
ATE135892T1 (de) 1996-04-15
DE59205875D1 (de) 1996-05-02
GEP19991509B (en) 1999-03-05
UA27822C2 (uk) 2000-10-16
AT396862B (de) 1993-12-27
CA2121136C (en) 2001-03-06
ZA928128B (en) 1993-05-04

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