Wild matsutake tames parent species preparation method
Technical field
The present invention relates to matsutake culture fields, and in particular to a kind of wild matsutake domestication parent species preparation method.
Background technique
Matsutake Tricholoma matsutake Sing. is one of world-renowned wild edible fungus.Yunnan in recent years
The world matsutake Yi Zhan staple market --- 60% or more of Japanese market sales volume of outlet, year outlet matsutake, which is earned foreign exchange, reaches 4000
Ten thousand dollars or more, reaching within 2004 53610000 dollars, export volume is 1280.85 tons, wherein 973.5 tons of fresh matsutake, matsutake product
307.35 ton.According to investigations, Deqin County and Xianggelila country peasant economy income 60% or more derive from matsutake.Industry chain of Tricholoma spp
Continue, sound development will shake off poverty and set out on the road to prosperity for hill farmer, the development of the rural economy of border ethnic minorities area, social stabilization
Important Economic guarantee is provided.
The matsutake in century more than one is tamed studies have shown that directlying adopt Pure cultured spawn realizes that matsutake artificial cultivation is a kind of
The target being difficult to realize, for this purpose, being highly desirable to carry out artificial domesticating cultivation technological development.
Summary of the invention
To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a kind of wild matsutakes to tame parent species preparation method.
To achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
Wild matsutake tames parent species preparation method, includes the following steps:
S1, the matsutake for acquiring nature field grown, take full grown fructification cap part, cut away stem, with 75%
Cotton ball soaked in alcohol clean cap surface, lamella is caught in the triangular flask for hanging on sterilizing with sterilized iron hook downward, and use is sterile
Tampon sealing overnight, collects spore print, spore liquid is made with sterile water;
S2, it is added in fluid nutrient medium and shake bacterium, carry out the more spores selfings of liquid, shake bacterium condition are as follows: revolving speed 140r/
Min, cultivation temperature are 25 DEG C, obtain matsutake mixing mycelia liquid;
S3, resulting matsutake is mixed into mycelia liquid on the compost that toilet is inoculated in culture bottle, is sealed with ventilating cover,
It is placed in 25~30d of dark culture in 14~15 DEG C of culturing room, in 2~6d, carries out ultrasound bath culture, the frequency of ultrasonic wave
Rate and power are respectively set as 68kHz and 600W, and ultrasonic treatment time is 10min~90min, and ultrasound interval is than being 20s/5s
~30s/5s;
S4, after mycelia covers with culture bottle, infection processing matsutake advantage associated species, water 900ml~1000ml, lid
Good covering, domestication can be obtained that stability is strong, can be used for breeding the matsutake parent species of production.
Wherein, every liter of fluid nutrient medium in the step S2 contains:
20~24g of glucose, 0.3~0.5g of yeast extract, 0.5~0.7g of peptone, 3~5g of nostoc freeze-dried powder, amino
Sour 0.05~0.07g of chelated magnesium, 0.1~0.2g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 40~60g of water soluble starch, remaining is sterile water.
Wherein, the compost in the step S3 is prepared by following steps:
(1) 36~48 parts of pine tree sawdust, 8~10 parts of konjaku flour, 0.5~0.6 part of allicin, 8~10 parts of weathered coal are weighed
It is placed in steam-explosion jar, being first passed through nitrogen to steam explosion pressure inside the tank is 0.7~1.3MPa, 8~25min of explosion treatment;Then rapidly
Being passed through steam to steam explosion pressure inside the tank is 1.3~1.7MPa, and 0.5~2.5min of Steam explosion treatment obtains mixture;
(2) after resulting mixture being naturally cooling to room temperature, 3~7 parts of silicon nitride Ultramicro-powder, chitin fiber 4 is added
~6 parts, 3~5 parts of alginic acid fibre are mixed evenly, and by be added water adjust moisture content be total weight 64~
68%, it is spare to obtain culture base-material.
Wherein, the nostoc freeze-dried powder is prepared by following steps:
Take 50~55 portions of nostoc, clean, wear into coarse powder with grinder, then with 90~95 DEG C of hot-water soaks 50~
85min is pulled out after draining, and 10~12 parts of room temperature pure water and even are added, and is then inoculated with according to the ratio of inoculum concentration 1~1.5%
Microbe leaven is kept for 38 DEG C of temperature, is fermented 52~58 hours, low temperature drying, is ground into fine powder after fermentation.
Wherein, the ingredient of the microbe leaven are as follows: according to bacterial strain quantity than Bacillus acidi lactici: bacillus licheniformis: paddy
Propylhomoserin bar bacterium are as follows: 1: 1.2: 2 ratio is configured to 1.5 × 107Bacterial strain/ml leavening.
The invention has the following advantages:
By the rational modification of culture medium and cultural method, the domestication of matsutake parent species is realized, it is raw to change matsutake
Production fully relies on natural status, and also achieves the stable and high yields of matsutake product and high-quality.Meanwhile the present invention is also effective
The ecological environment that ground protects matsutake germ plasm resource and its relied on provides one to realize the sustainable development of matsutake production
The effective approach of item.
Specific embodiment
In order to which objects and advantages of the present invention are more clearly understood, the present invention is carried out with reference to embodiments further
It is described in detail.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, it is not used to limit this hair
It is bright.
In implementing below, every liter of fluid nutrient medium in the step S2 contains:
20~24g of glucose, 0.3~0.5g of yeast extract, 0.5~0.7g of peptone, 3~5g of nostoc freeze-dried powder, amino
Sour 0.05~0.07g of chelated magnesium, 0.1~0.2g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 40~60g of water soluble starch, remaining is sterile water.
Compost in the step S3 is prepared by following steps:
(1) 36~48 parts of pine tree sawdust, 8~10 parts of konjaku flour, 0.5~0.6 part of allicin, 8~10 parts of weathered coal are weighed
It is placed in steam-explosion jar, being first passed through nitrogen to steam explosion pressure inside the tank is 0.7~1.3MPa, 8~25min of explosion treatment;Then rapidly
Being passed through steam to steam explosion pressure inside the tank is 1.3~1.7MPa, and 0.5~2.5min of Steam explosion treatment obtains mixture;
(2) after resulting mixture being naturally cooling to room temperature, 3~7 parts of silicon nitride Ultramicro-powder, chitin fiber 4 is added
~6 parts, 3~5 parts of alginic acid fibre are mixed evenly, and by be added water adjust moisture content be total weight 64~
68%, it is spare to obtain culture base-material.
The nostoc freeze-dried powder is prepared by following steps:
Take 50~55 portions of nostoc, clean, wear into coarse powder with grinder, then with 90~95 DEG C of hot-water soaks 50~
85min is pulled out after draining, and 10~12 parts of room temperature pure water and even are added, and is then inoculated with according to the ratio of inoculum concentration 1~1.5%
Microbe leaven is kept for 38 DEG C of temperature, is fermented 52~58 hours, low temperature drying, is ground into fine powder after fermentation.
Wherein, the ingredient of the microbe leaven are as follows: according to bacterial strain quantity than Bacillus acidi lactici: bacillus licheniformis: paddy
Propylhomoserin bar bacterium are as follows: 1: 1.2: 2 ratio is configured to 1.5 × 107Bacterial strain/ml leavening.
Embodiment 1
S1, the matsutake for acquiring nature field grown, take full grown fructification cap part, cut away stem, with 75%
Cotton ball soaked in alcohol clean cap surface, lamella is caught in the triangular flask for hanging on sterilizing with sterilized iron hook downward, and use is sterile
Tampon sealing overnight, collects spore print, spore liquid is made with sterile water;
S2, it is added in fluid nutrient medium and shake bacterium, carry out the more spores selfings of liquid, shake bacterium condition are as follows: revolving speed 140r/
Min, cultivation temperature are 25 DEG C, obtain matsutake mixing mycelia liquid;
S3, resulting matsutake is mixed into mycelia liquid on the compost that toilet is inoculated in culture bottle, is sealed with ventilating cover,
It is placed in dark culture 25d in 14~15 DEG C of culturing room, in 2d, carries out ultrasound bath culture, the frequency and function of ultrasonic wave
Rate is respectively set as 68kHz and 600W, and ultrasonic treatment time is that 10min ultrasound interval ratio is 20s/5s;
S4, after mycelia covers with culture bottle, infection processing matsutake advantage associated species, water 900ml, cover covering
Object, domestication can be obtained that stability is strong, can be used for breeding the matsutake parent species of production.
Embodiment 2
S1, the matsutake for acquiring nature field grown, take full grown fructification cap part, cut away stem, with 75%
Cotton ball soaked in alcohol clean cap surface, lamella is caught in the triangular flask for hanging on sterilizing with sterilized iron hook downward, and use is sterile
Tampon sealing overnight, collects spore print, spore liquid is made with sterile water;
S2, it is added in fluid nutrient medium and shake bacterium, carry out the more spores selfings of liquid, shake bacterium condition are as follows: revolving speed 140r/
Min, cultivation temperature are 25 DEG C, obtain matsutake mixing mycelia liquid;
S3, resulting matsutake is mixed into mycelia liquid on the compost that toilet is inoculated in culture bottle, is sealed with ventilating cover,
It is placed in dark culture 30d in 15 DEG C of culturing room, in 6d, carries out ultrasound bath culture, the frequency and power point of ultrasonic wave
It is not set as 68kHz and 600W, ultrasonic treatment time 90min, ultrasound interval is than being 30s/5s;
S4, after mycelia covers with culture bottle, infection processing matsutake advantage associated species, water 1000ml, cover covering
Object, domestication can be obtained that stability is strong, can be used for breeding the matsutake parent species of production.
Embodiment 3
S1, the matsutake for acquiring nature field grown, take full grown fructification cap part, cut away stem, with 75%
Cotton ball soaked in alcohol clean cap surface, lamella is caught in the triangular flask for hanging on sterilizing with sterilized iron hook downward, and use is sterile
Tampon sealing overnight, collects spore print, spore liquid is made with sterile water;
S2, it is added in fluid nutrient medium and shake bacterium, carry out the more spores selfings of liquid, shake bacterium condition are as follows: revolving speed 140r/
Min, cultivation temperature are 25 DEG C, obtain matsutake mixing mycelia liquid;
S3, resulting matsutake is mixed into mycelia liquid on the compost that toilet is inoculated in culture bottle, is sealed with ventilating cover,
It is placed in dark culture 27.5d in 14.5 DEG C of culturing room, in 4d, carries out ultrasound bath culture, the frequency and function of ultrasonic wave
Rate is respectively set as 68kHz and 600W, and ultrasonic treatment time 50min, ultrasound interval is than being 25s/5s;
S4, after mycelia covers with culture bottle, infection processing matsutake advantage associated species, water 950ml, cover covering
Object, domestication can be obtained that stability is strong, can be used for breeding the matsutake parent species of production.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, without departing from the principle of the present invention, it can also make several improvements and retouch, these improvements and modifications are also answered
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.