CN105349206A - 一种生物质型煤 - Google Patents

一种生物质型煤 Download PDF

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CN105349206A
CN105349206A CN201510712960.5A CN201510712960A CN105349206A CN 105349206 A CN105349206 A CN 105349206A CN 201510712960 A CN201510712960 A CN 201510712960A CN 105349206 A CN105349206 A CN 105349206A
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charing
biomass
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江东
黄天
梁君祚
梁承悍
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GUANGXI KUONENGBA ENERGY TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT CO., LTD.
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Guangxi Guisheng New Energy Science & Technology Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10LFUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00Solid fuels
    • C10L5/02Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/04Raw material of mineral origin to be used; Pretreatment thereof
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10LFUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00Solid fuels
    • C10L5/02Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/06Methods of shaping, e.g. pelletizing or briquetting
    • C10L5/10Methods of shaping, e.g. pelletizing or briquetting with the aid of binders, e.g. pretreated binders
    • C10L5/14Methods of shaping, e.g. pelletizing or briquetting with the aid of binders, e.g. pretreated binders with organic binders
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10LFUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00Solid fuels
    • C10L5/40Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/44Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on vegetable substances
    • C10L5/447Carbonized vegetable substances, e.g. charcoal, or produced by hydrothermal carbonization of biomass
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10LFUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2230/00Function and purpose of a components of a fuel or the composition as a whole
    • C10L2230/08Inhibitors
    • C10L2230/088Inhibitors for inhibiting or avoiding odor
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10LFUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2290/00Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/32Molding or moulds
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种生物质型煤,包括以下重量份的原料:无烟煤50~60%、炭化生物质燃料粉末30~36%、粘结剂10~15%;所述炭化生物质燃料粉末由以下原料按重量份配比经炭化制成:桉树皮58~70份、桉树枝10~15份、大豆秸秆20~28份、玉米秸秆15~20份、稻壳8~12份。所述型煤采用了无烟煤和炭化生物质燃料粉末的结合,挥发物含量低,无需使用固硫剂,节能环保。

Description

一种生物质型煤
技术领域
本发明涉及型煤领域,特别是涉及一种生物质型煤。
背景技术
型煤是指以适当的工艺和设备,将具有一定粒度组成的粉煤加工成一定形状、尺寸、强度及理化特性的人工“块煤”;型煤具有工艺简单、投资少、成本低,且能取得提升燃煤品质、提高燃烧效率、降低燃煤污染等优势,因此作为燃料在人们日常生活和工业生产中得到广泛应用。随着经济的持续高速发展,对煤的需求和消费不断增加,由此引起的环境问题也越来越突出。每年我国排放的废气中,烟尘排放量约1478万吨,二氧化硫排放量1891万吨,其中90%来自煤的燃烧,为解决因燃煤造成的大气环境污染问题,发展高效、环保煤技术势在必行。
生物质燃料,一般主要是指农林废弃物(如秸秆、锯末、甘蔗渣、稻糠等),虽然其是大量可直接取用的废弃资源,符合废物再利用的环保趋势,但直接燃烧生物质属于高污染燃料,且用生物质燃料制成的型煤,往往存在燃烧的不充分,因此发热量较低。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种生物质型煤,节能环保,解决了燃烧不充分、发热量低的问题。
为实现上述目的,本发明的技术方案为:
一种生物质型煤,包括以下重量份的原料:无烟煤50~60%、炭化生物质燃料粉末30~36%、粘结剂10~15%;
其中,炭化生物质燃料粉末包括以下重量份的原料,经炭化制成:桉树皮58~70份、桉树枝10~15份、大豆秸秆20~28份、玉米秸秆15~20份、稻壳8~12份。
所述生物质型煤,优选包括以下重量份的原料:无烟煤56%、炭化生物质燃料粉末33%、粘结剂11%。
炭化生物质燃料粉末优选包括以下重量份的原料,经炭化制成:桉树皮62份、桉树枝12份、大豆秸秆24份、玉米秸秆18份、稻壳10份。
优选地,所述粘结剂为黄腐酸钾、腐殖酸、羧甲基纤维素与水的混合物。
所述粘结剂优选由黄腐酸钾、腐殖酸、羧甲基纤维素和水按3:2:1:22的质量配比混合制成。
所述炭化生物质燃料粉末的优选制作工艺为:将原料放入炭化炉中,将桉树皮和桉树枝铺在底层和顶层,中间层放入大豆秸秆、玉米秸秆和稻壳,点火燃烧,经过4~5天的炭化后,再将炭化后的燃料粉碎,过20~30目筛,即制得炭化生物质燃料粉末。
生物质型煤,具有以下优势:
(1)经炭化后的生物质燃料,使用时不产生二氧化硫,且炭化后的生物质燃料去除了原料本身所带有的水分,从而提高了型煤燃烧时的发热量,解决了燃烧不充分的问题;
(2)采用了无烟煤,固定碳含量高,进一步提高了型煤燃烧时的发热量;
(3)无烟煤和炭化生物质燃料粉末的结合,挥发物含量低,无需使用固硫剂,节能环保,且全面提升了型煤的碳含量。
具体实施方式
以下结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明,但本发明的保护范围和应用范围不限于以下实施例:
实施例1
一种生物质型煤,包括以下重量份的原料:无烟煤56%、炭化生物质燃料粉末33%、粘结剂11%;
炭化生物质燃料粉末包括以下重量份的原料,经炭化制成:桉树皮62份、桉树枝12份、大豆秸秆24份、玉米秸秆18份、稻壳10份;炭化生物质燃料粉末的制作工艺为:将原料放入炭化炉中,将桉树皮和桉树枝铺在底层和顶层,中间层放入大豆秸秆、玉米秸秆和稻壳,点火燃烧,经过4~5天的炭化后,再将炭化后的燃料粉碎,过20~30目筛,即制得炭化生物质燃料粉末。
其中,粘结剂由黄腐酸钾、腐殖酸、羧甲基纤维素和水按3:2:1:22的质量配比混合制成。
所述生物质型煤制备方法包括如下步骤:(1)先将水与黄腐酸钾、腐殖酸和羧甲基纤维素进行预混合,不停搅拌至其呈胶体状的粘结剂;(2)将粘结剂与无烟煤、炭化生物质燃料粉末混合均匀,经成型机冷压成型。
经测试,所述生物质型煤燃烧后颗粒物排放浓度为14.9mg/m3,氮氧化物排放浓度为49.6mg/m3,二氧化硫排放浓度为48.5mg/m3,烟气黑度<1级,达到《锅炉大气污染物排放标准》GB13271-2014的要求。发热量为4845大卡/kg,抗压强度大于500N/个,浸水强度大于180N/个。
实施例2
一种生物质型煤,包括以下重量份的原料:无烟煤50%、炭化生物质燃料粉末36%、粘结剂14%;
炭化生物质燃料粉末包括以下重量份的原料,经炭化制成:桉树皮70份、桉树枝10份、大豆秸秆20份、玉米秸秆15份、稻壳8份;炭化生物质燃料粉末的制作工艺为:将原料放入炭化炉中,将桉树皮和桉树枝铺在底层和顶层,中间层放入大豆秸秆、玉米秸秆和稻壳,点火燃烧,经过4~5天的炭化后,再将炭化后的燃料粉碎,过20~30目筛,即制得炭化生物质燃料粉末。
其中,粘结剂由黄腐酸钾、腐殖酸、羧甲基纤维素和水按4:1:3:21的质量配比混合制成。
所述生物质型煤制备方法包括如下步骤:(1)先将水与黄腐酸钾、腐殖酸和羧甲基纤维素进行预混合,不停搅拌至其呈胶体状的粘结剂;(2)将粘结剂与无烟煤、炭化生物质燃料粉末混合均匀,经成型机冷压成型。
经测试,所述生物质型煤燃烧后颗粒物排放浓度为14.5mg/m3,氮氧化物排放浓度为45.6mg/m3,二氧化硫排放浓度为46.9mg/m3,烟气黑度<1级,达到《锅炉大气污染物排放标准》GB13271-2014的要求。发热量为4536大卡/kg,抗压强度大于505N/个,浸水强度大于183N/个。
实施例3
一种生物质型煤,包括以下重量份的原料:无烟煤60%、炭化生物质燃料粉末30%、粘结剂10%;
炭化生物质燃料粉末包括以下重量份的原料,经炭化制成:桉树皮58份、桉树枝15份、大豆秸秆28份、玉米秸秆20份、稻壳12份;炭化生物质燃料粉末的制作工艺为:将原料放入炭化炉中,将桉树皮和桉树枝铺在底层和顶层,中间层放入大豆秸秆、玉米秸秆和稻壳,点火燃烧,经过4~5天的炭化后,再将炭化后的燃料粉碎,过20~30目筛,即制得炭化生物质燃料粉末。
其中,粘结剂由黄腐酸钾、腐殖酸和羧甲基纤维素按1:4:1:20的质量配比混合制成。
所述生物质型煤制备方法包括如下步骤:(1)先将水与黄腐酸钾、腐殖酸和羧甲基纤维素进行预混合,不停搅拌至其呈胶体状的粘结剂;(2)将粘结剂与无烟煤、炭化生物质燃料粉末混合均匀,经成型机冷压成型。
经测试,所述生物质型煤燃烧后颗粒物排放浓度为17.2mg/m3,氮氧化物排放浓度为50.8mg/m3,二氧化硫排放浓度为51.2mg/m3,烟气黑度<1级,达到《锅炉大气污染物排放标准》GB13271-2014的要求。发热量为4858大卡/kg,抗压强度大于495N/个,浸水强度大于178N/个。
以上内容不能认定本发明的具体实施只局限于这些说明,对于本发明所属技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明构思的前提下,还可以做出若干简单推演或替换,都应当视为属于本发明由所提交的权利要求书确定的专利保护范围。

Claims (6)

1.一种生物质型煤,其特征在于:
包括以下重量份的原料:无烟煤50~60%、炭化生物质燃料粉末30~36%、粘结剂10~15%;其中,炭化生物质燃料粉末包括以下重量份的原料,经炭化制成:桉树皮58~70份、桉树枝10~15份、大豆秸秆20~28份、玉米秸秆15~20份、稻壳8~12份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的生物质型煤,其特征在于:
包括以下重量份的原料:无烟煤56%、炭化生物质燃料粉末33%、粘结剂11%。
3.根据权利要求1所述的生物质型煤,其特征在于:
所述炭化生物质燃料粉末包括以下重量份的原料,经炭化制成:桉树皮62份、桉树枝12份、大豆秸秆24份、玉米秸秆18份、稻壳10份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的生物质型煤,其特征在于:
所述粘结剂为黄腐酸钾、腐殖酸、羧甲基纤维素与水的混合物。
5.根据权利要求4所述的生物质型煤,其特征在于:
所述黄腐酸钾、腐殖酸、羧甲基纤维素和水按3:2:1:22的质量配比混合制成。
6.根据权利要求1或3所述的生物质型煤,其特征在于:
所述炭化生物质燃料粉末的制作工艺为:将原料放入炭化炉中,将桉树皮和桉树枝铺在底层和顶层,中间层放入大豆秸秆、玉米秸秆和稻壳,点火燃烧,经过4~5天的炭化后,再将炭化后的燃料粉碎,过20~30目筛,即制得炭化生物质燃料粉末。
CN201510712960.5A 2015-10-28 2015-10-28 一种生物质型煤 Pending CN105349206A (zh)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107267249A (zh) * 2017-08-17 2017-10-20 安徽微威环保科技有限公司 一种新型环保材料及其生产工艺

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101280236A (zh) * 2008-05-23 2008-10-08 肖国雄 一种清洁型煤及其快速生产方法

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101280236A (zh) * 2008-05-23 2008-10-08 肖国雄 一种清洁型煤及其快速生产方法

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107267249A (zh) * 2017-08-17 2017-10-20 安徽微威环保科技有限公司 一种新型环保材料及其生产工艺

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