CN105347787A - 一种钛酸钡陶瓷的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种钛酸钡陶瓷的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN105347787A
CN105347787A CN201510944063.7A CN201510944063A CN105347787A CN 105347787 A CN105347787 A CN 105347787A CN 201510944063 A CN201510944063 A CN 201510944063A CN 105347787 A CN105347787 A CN 105347787A
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任鹏荣
王倩
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种钛酸钡陶瓷的制备方法,具体为:在球磨罐中分别加入钛酸钡、二氧化钛、氧化钇和无水乙醇,球磨;将得到的球磨料烘干后,依次进行压块、预烧、研碎、再球磨、过筛,得到掺杂Y3+离子的钛酸钡粉料;将掺杂Y3+离子的钛酸钡粉体通过等静压技术压制成型,烧结,得到钛酸钡陶瓷。本发明选取氧化钇作为掺杂剂,采用固相合成法制备含有不同含量Y3+离子的钛酸钡粉体,利用Y3+离子同时取代Ba2+与Ti4+离子引起的晶格应变,解决了掺杂制备过程中居里温度向低温方向移动的问题,有效提高了钛酸钡陶瓷的居里温度。

Description

一种钛酸钡陶瓷的制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于陶瓷材料制备领域,涉及一种钛酸钡陶瓷的制备方法。
背景技术
钛酸钡是一种十分重要的电子陶瓷材料,在电容器及传感器等方面有许多应用,虽然研究人员对钛酸钡陶瓷已经开展了广泛的研究,但其仍然存在一些问题。其中,居里温度过低是制约钛酸钡陶瓷应用的一个主要瓶颈。目前,文献中报道较多的掺杂改性通常使钛酸钡陶瓷的居里温度向低温方向移动。
文献“LemanovVV.ConcentrationdependenceofphononmodefrequenciesandtheGrüneisencoefficientsinBaxSr1-xTiO3solidsolutions.PhysSolidState39:318–322(1997)”公开了一种陶瓷的制备方法。Sr2+离子取代A位的Ba2+离子使得居里温度以4℃/at.%Sr的速率向低温方向移动,文献“YuZ,AngC,GuoR,BhallaAS.DielectricpropertiesofBa(Ti1-xZrx)O3solidsolutions.Mater.Lett.61:326–329(2007)和“BaskaranN,ChangH.EffectofSndopingonthephasetransformationpropertiesofferroelectricBaTiO3.J.Mater.Sci.–Mater.Electron.12:527–31(2001)”中通过掺杂Zr4+或Sn4+离子以取代Ti4+离子使得居里温度以5~6℃/at.%Zr或Sn的速率向低温方向移动。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种钛酸钡陶瓷的制备方法,解决了现有掺杂技术制备钛酸钡陶瓷过程降低了其居里温度的问题。
本发明所采用的技术方案是,一种钛酸钡陶瓷的制备方法,具体按以下步骤实施:
步骤1,在球磨罐中分别加入钛酸钡、二氧化钛、氧化钇和无水乙醇,球磨;
步骤2,将步骤1得到的球磨料烘干后,依次进行压块、预烧、研碎、再球磨、过筛,得到掺杂Y3+离子的钛酸钡粉料;
步骤3,将步骤2得到的掺杂Y3+离子的钛酸钡粉体通过等静压技术压制成型,烧结,得到钛酸钡陶瓷。
本发明的特点还在于,
步骤1物料中Ba2+离子、Ti4+离子及Y3+离子的摩尔百分比为:Ba2+离子49.25%~49.75%,Ti4+离子49.25%~49.75%,Y3+离子0.5%~1.5%,以上摩尔百分比之和为100%。
步骤1中球磨过程中按氧化锆球:料:无水乙醇体积比为3:1:1的比例混料球磨,球磨时间为8~12小时。
步骤2中预烧温度为1100~1200℃,预烧时间1~4小时。
步骤2中再球磨时间为8~12小时。
步骤3中等静压压力为200~250MPa。
步骤3中烧结温度为1250~1325℃,保温时间3~5小时。
本发明的有益效果是,本发明选取氧化钇作为掺杂剂,采用固相合成法制备含有不同含量Y3+离子的钛酸钡粉体,利用Y3+离子同时取代Ba2+与Ti4+离子引起的晶格应变,解决了掺杂制备过程中居里温度向低温方向移动的问题,有效提高了钛酸钡陶瓷的居里温度。
附图说明
图1是本发明方法不同掺杂条件下制备的钛酸钡粉体的X射线衍射图谱;
图2是本发明方法不同掺杂条件下制备的钛酸钡陶瓷的介电常数与介电损耗随温度变化图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明进行详细说明。
本发明提供了一种钛酸钡陶瓷的制备方法,具体按以下步骤实施:
步骤1,在球磨罐中分别加入钛酸钡、二氧化钛和氧化钇,其中Ba2+离子、Ti4+离子及Y3+离子的摩尔百分比为:Ba2+离子49.25%~49.75%,Ti4+离子49.25%~49.75%,Y3+离子0.5%~1.5%,以上摩尔百分比之和为100%,按氧化锆球:料:无水乙醇体积比为3:1:1的比例混料球磨,球磨时间为8~12小时;
步骤2,将球磨料烘干后压块,在1100~1200℃温度下预烧1~4小时,取出研碎,再球磨8~12小时,然后过筛,得到掺杂Y3+离子的钛酸钡粉料;
步骤3,将掺杂Y3+离子的钛酸钡粉料预压,并在200~250MPa等静压压力下成型,然后在空气中烧结,烧结温度在1250~1325℃,保温3~5小时,得到钛酸钡陶瓷。
本发明一种钛酸钡陶瓷的制备方法,选取氧化钇作为掺杂剂,采用固相合成法制备含有不同含量Y3+离子的钛酸钡粉体,利用Y3+离子同时取代Ba2+与Ti4+离子引起的晶格应变,解决了掺杂制备过程中居里温度向低温方向移动的问题,有效提高了钛酸钡陶瓷的居里温度
实施例1
步骤1,在球磨罐中分别加入钛酸钡、二氧化钛和氧化钇,其中Ba2+离子、Ti4+离子的摩尔百分比为:Ba2+离子50%,Ti4+离子50%,以上摩尔百分比之和为100%,按氧化锆球:料:酒精体积比为3:1:1的比例混料球磨,球磨时间为12小时;
步骤2,将球磨料烘干后压块,在1100℃温度下预烧4小时,取出研碎,再球磨12小时,然后过筛,得到掺杂Y3+离子的钛酸钡粉料;
步骤3,将掺杂Y3+离子的钛酸钡粉料预压,并在200MPa等静压压力下成型,然后在空气中烧结,烧结温度在1275℃,保温3小时,得到钛酸钡陶瓷。
将得到的钛酸钡陶瓷,打磨抛光,然后涂敷银浆,在550℃下,保温30分钟烧成银电极。用日本理学公司的全自动X射线衍射仪(D/Max2550VB+/PC)对陶瓷结构进行测试,用安捷伦阻抗测试仪(4284A)对被银后的陶瓷进行温谱测试。图1中(a)是实施例1制得的纯钛酸钡粉体的X射线衍射图谱,从图中可以看出,只有纯的BaTiO3相,无其他杂相出现。图2中(a)是实施例1制得的纯钛酸钡陶瓷的介电温谱图,从图中可以看出钛酸钡的居里温度为135.5℃。
实施例2
步骤1,在球磨罐中分别加入钛酸钡、二氧化钛和氧化钇,其中Ba2+离子、Ti4+离子及Y3+离子的摩尔百分比为:Ba2+离子49.75%,Ti4+离子49.75%,Y3+离子0.5%,以上摩尔百分比之和为100%,按氧化锆球:料:酒精体积比为3:1:1的比例混料球磨,球磨时间为8小时;
步骤2,将球磨料烘干后压块,在1100℃温度下预烧4小时,取出研碎,再球磨12小时,然后过筛,得到掺杂Y3+离子的钛酸钡粉料;
步骤3,将掺杂Y3+离子的钛酸钡粉料预压,并在200MPa等静压压力下成型,然后在空气中烧结,烧结温度在1250℃,保温5小时,得到钛酸钡陶瓷。
将得到的钛酸钡陶瓷,打磨抛光,然后涂敷银浆,在550℃下,保温30分钟烧成银电极。用日本理学公司的全自动X射线衍射仪(D/Max2550VB+/PC)对陶瓷结构进行测试,用安捷伦阻抗测试仪(4284A)对被银后的陶瓷进行温谱测试。图1中(b)是实施例2制得的掺杂Y3+的钛酸钡粉体的X射线衍射图谱,从图中可以看出,只有纯的钛酸钡相,无其他杂相出现。图2中(b)是实施例2制得的掺杂Y3+的钛酸钡陶瓷的介电温谱图,从图中可以看出钛酸钡的居里温度为137.5℃。
实施例3
步骤1,在球磨罐中分别加入钛酸钡、二氧化钛和氧化钇,其中Ba2+离子、Ti4+离子及Y3+离子的摩尔百分比为:Ba2+离子49.5%,Ti4+离子49.5%,Y3+离子1%,以上摩尔百分比之和为100%,按氧化锆球:料:酒精体积比为3:1:1的比例混料球磨,球磨时间为10小时;
步骤2,将球磨料烘干后压块,在1150℃温度下预烧2.5小时,取出研碎,再球磨10小时,然后过筛,得到掺杂Y3+离子的钛酸钡粉料;
步骤3,将掺杂Y3+离子的钛酸钡粉料预压,并在250MPa等静压压力下成型,然后在空气中烧结,烧结温度在1290℃,保温4小时,得到钛酸钡陶瓷。
将制成的陶瓷片用无水乙醇洗涤后被银极测试其介电性能。图1中(c)是实施例3制得的掺杂Y3+的钛酸钡粉体的X射线衍射图谱,从图中可以看出,只有纯的钛酸钡相,无其他杂相出现。图2中(c)是实施例3制得的掺杂Y3+的钛酸钡陶瓷的介电温谱图,从图中可以看出钛酸钡的居里温度为143.8℃。
实施例4
步骤1,在球磨罐中分别加入钛酸钡、二氧化钛和氧化钇,其中Ba2+离子、Ti4+离子及Y3+离子的摩尔百分比为:Ba2+离子49.25%,Ti4+离子49.25%,Y3+离子1.5%,以上摩尔百分比之和为100%,按氧化锆球:料:酒精体积比为3:1:1的比例混料球磨,球磨时间为12小时;
步骤2,将球磨料烘干后压块,在1200℃温度下预烧1小时,取出研碎,再球磨8小时,然后过筛,得到掺杂Y3+离子的钛酸钡粉料;
步骤3,将掺杂Y3+离子的钛酸钡粉料预压,并在225MPa等静压压力下成型,然后在空气中烧结,烧结温度在1325℃,保温3小时,得到钛酸钡陶瓷。
将得到的钛酸钡陶瓷,打磨抛光,然后涂敷银浆,在550℃下,保温30分钟烧成银电极。用日本理学公司的全自动X射线衍射仪(D/Max2550VB+/PC)对陶瓷结构进行测试,用安捷伦阻抗测试仪(4284A)对被银后的陶瓷进行温谱测试。图1中(d)是实施例4制得的掺杂Y3+的钛酸钡粉体的X射线衍射图谱,从图中可以看出,只有纯的钛酸钡相,无其他杂相出现。图2中(d)是实施例4制得的掺杂Y3+的钛酸钡陶瓷的介电温谱图,从图中可以看出钛酸钡的居里温度为152.4℃。
通过对比不掺杂Y3+离子与掺杂Y3+离子制备的钛酸钡陶瓷性能,可以看出本发明制备出的钛酸钡陶瓷,只有纯的钛酸钡相,无其他杂相出现,具有较高的介电常数,并且掺杂Y3+离子使钛酸钡陶瓷的居里温度有了明显提高。

Claims (7)

1.一种钛酸钡陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于,具体按以下步骤实施:
步骤1,在球磨罐中分别加入钛酸钡、二氧化钛、氧化钇和无水乙醇,球磨;
步骤2,将步骤1得到的球磨料烘干后,依次进行压块、预烧、研碎、再球磨、过筛,得到掺杂Y3+离子的钛酸钡粉料;
步骤3,将步骤2得到的掺杂Y3+离子的钛酸钡粉体通过等静压技术压制成型,烧结,得到钛酸钡陶瓷。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种钛酸钡陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤1中所述物料中Ba2+离子、Ti4+离子及Y3+离子的摩尔百分比为:Ba2+离子49.25%~49.75%,Ti4+离子49.25%~49.75%,Y3+离子0.5%~1.5%,以上摩尔百分比之和为100%。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种钛酸钡陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤1中所述球磨过程中按氧化锆球:料:无水乙醇体积比为3:1:1的比例混料球磨,球磨时间为8~12小时。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种钛酸钡陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤2中所述预烧温度为1100~1200℃,预烧时间1~4小时。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种钛酸钡陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤2中所述再球磨时间为8~12小时。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种钛酸钡陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤3中所述等静压压力为200~250MPa。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种钛酸钡陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤3中所述烧结温度为1250~1325℃,保温时间3~5小时。
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