CN105346179A - 一种轻量化、节能环保托盘及制造方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种轻量化、节能环保托盘及制造方法,提供了一种托盘材料,其特征在于包括:B和C的双层复合体叠加16-3000层而成的叠加复合体,所述B为高融体强度聚丙烯(HMSPP)发泡物,所述C为玻纤增强聚丙烯(玻纤含量为10-40%)、增韧聚丙烯或碳酸钙聚丙烯(碳酸钙含量10%-30%),其具有轻量化、低成本、高强度、可回收、快装快卸的特点。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种托盘材料及制备方法。
背景技术
托盘是用于集装、堆放、搬运和运输的放置作为单元负荷的货物和制品的水平平台装置。作为与集装箱类似的一种集装设备,托盘现已广泛应用于生产、运输、仓储和流通等领域。托盘作为物流运作过程中重要的装卸、储存和运输设备,与叉车配套使用在现代物流中发挥着巨大的作用。托盘给现代物流业带来的效益主要体现在:可以实现物品包装的单元化、规范化和标准化,保护物品,方便物流和商流,托盘又名栈板,夹板。托盘以塑料材质为主。塑料外壳存在脆、硬的问题,有的时候会发生破损和开裂的状况,影响物品的使用寿命。
随着劳动力成本的增高以及国家一带一丝的快速发展,势必要尽量降低劳动力和物流成本。而现在的托盘制品密度大于0.90g/cm3,具有热胀冷缩系数大,低温时易变脆、不耐磨、易老化等缺点,并存在动植物检疫问题以及成本过高过重等问题。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种轻量化、低成本、高强度、可回收、快装快卸的带盘运输托盘。
本发明的目的是通过以下措施实现的:
一种托盘材料,其特征在于包括:B和C的双层复合体叠加16-3000层而成的叠加复合体,所述B为高融体强度聚丙烯(HMSPP)发泡物,所述C为玻纤增强聚丙烯(玻纤含量为10-40%)、增韧聚丙烯或碳酸钙聚丙烯(碳酸钙含量10%-30%)。本发明所述的叠加是B料和C料的物理成层粘合,不发生化学反应和物料的无序混合。本发明大大提高了材料的应用性能,如力学强度、阻隔性等等。优选地,上述高融体强度聚丙烯与C的重量比为(80~90)∶(10~30)。
上述高融体强度聚丙烯发泡物的发泡剂D为AC发泡剂。发泡剂优选用量为总重量的1-5%。
为了覆盖、着色等,上述托盘材料,还可以包括A-无规聚丙烯,,其组成按重量份数计为:A-无规聚丙烯5-10份、高融体强度聚丙烯80-90份、C-玻纤增强PP(玻纤含量为10-40%)、增韧PP或碳酸钙PP(碳酸钙含量为10%-30%)。
A中可以添加F-色母料,其用量占1wt‰-4wt%。
上述A-无规PP加入了抗氧剂。抗氧剂优选为[3-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸]季戊四醇酯,其用量为3-8wt%。
上述增韧pp的增韧剂优选为橡胶,其用量为10-40wt%。
具体地,上述材料按照A-(BC)n-A的排列方式复合。其中n为BC双层结构的层数;n=16~3000。
本发明的另一目的在于提供上述材料的制备方法。其通过以下措施实现的:
上述材料的制备方法,将B、C分别经混炼塑化挤出,经分配成B和C的双层复体,双层复体叠加16-3000层形成叠加复合体,将其与其它混炼塑化挤出物经分配挤出复合发泡材料;所述挤出温度控制在160-280℃。
上述材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)在无规PP中分别加入抗氧剂和色母料后投入A挤出机经混炼塑化挤出,高融体强度聚丙烯(HMSPP)和发泡剂按比例混匀后投入B挤出机料斗内经混炼塑化挤出,C投入C挤出机料斗内经混炼塑化挤出;挤出加工温度控制在160-250℃,压力在12-20Mpa;
(2)将步骤(1)所得B挤出料和C挤出料通过分配器分成B、C的双层复合体,然后叠加挤出16-3000层的叠加复合体;叠加复合体、A挤出料,通过分配机经分配挤出,经过T型头模具形成A、BC、BC…A(A-(BC)n-A)的复合发泡材料;其中步骤(1)和(2)的加工温度控制在160-280℃,压力在12-20Mpa;
(3)经压制、定型、冷却、切割为要求的板材;
(4)将制备好的PP复合发泡板材,送入烘箱烘软,温度在180-300℃,时间为60-180s,烤软的板材送入不同模具的压机进行压制、保压、冷却、定型、切边得到不同的托盘,边角料回收再次利用。托盘重量为6-8kg/L。
有益效果
1.本发明的材料具有可回收、无毒等特性,真正实现了绿色、环保的多用途特性。
2.本发明材料物理性能、耐高温性能优异。
3.本发明的材料是轻量化、低成本、高强度、可回收、快装快卸的带盘运输托盘材料。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步阐述,但本发明并不限于以下实施例。所述方法如无特别说明均为常规方法。所述原材料如无特别说明均能从公开商业途径而得。
实施例1
一种托盘材料,各组分的配比如下所示:A-无规PP10份、高融体强度聚丙烯80-90份、C-增韧PP。
A中添加1wt‰-4wt%的F-色母料,3-8wt%[3-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸]季戊四醇酯作为抗氧剂。
C-增韧pp的增韧剂为橡胶,其用量为10-40wt%。
制备方法按以下步骤:
(1)在无规PP中分别加入抗氧剂和色母料后投入A挤出机经混炼塑化挤出,高融体强度聚丙烯(HMSPP)和发泡剂按比例混匀后投入B挤出机料斗内经混炼塑化挤出,C投入C挤出机料斗内经混炼塑化挤出;挤出加工温度控制在160-250℃,压力在12-20Mpa;
(2)将步骤(1)所得B挤出料和C挤出料通过分配器分成B、C的双层复合体,然后进入叠加机叠加挤出16-3000层的叠加复合体;叠加复合体、A挤出料,通过分配机经分配挤出,经过T型头模具形成A、BC、BC…A(A-(BC)n-A)的复合发泡材料;其中步骤(1)和(2)的加工温度控制在160-280℃,压力在12-20Mpa;
(3)经压制、定型、冷却、切割为要求的复合发泡板材;
(4)将制备好的复合发泡板材,送入烘箱烘软,温度在180-300℃,时间为60-180s,烤软的板材送入不同模具的压机进行压制、保压、冷却、定型、切边得到不同的托盘,边角料回收再次利用。托盘重量为6-8kg/m3。产品密度(0.3-0.65)×103kg/m3。
本产品(尺寸1830*915*15mm)的性能如表1所示。
表1
本产品表面光滑、平整,无伤痕,凹凸、裂纹、杂质等,色泽均匀一致。
耐温性测试:将产品放置于100℃,保持60min后,产品无气泡、裂痕和软化现象,继续加热到180℃,保持90min,尺寸膨胀率0.1%,再快速降温到零摄氏度(10s内迅速转移至0℃的环境),保持2h,采用2mm钉子钉在产品上,无开裂现象。再次进行物理性能测试,其性能相对于表1无明显变化。
产品长期(12个月以上)分别或者交替置于90℃和-30℃环境中,其性能不变。
耐腐蚀实验:分别浸泡于饱和氢氧化钙溶液和20%的氯化氢,48h,产品无变化。
Claims (10)
1.一种托盘材料,其特征在于包括:B和C的双层复合体叠加16-3000层而成的叠加复合体,所述B为高融体强度聚丙烯(HMSPP)发泡物,所述C为玻纤增强聚丙烯(玻纤含量为10-40%)、增韧聚丙烯或碳酸钙聚丙烯(碳酸钙含量10%-30%)。
2.如权利要求1所述的托盘材料,所述高融体强度聚丙烯与C的重量比为(80~90):(10~30)。
3.如权利要求1所述的托盘材料,所述高融体强度聚丙烯发泡物的发泡剂D为AC发泡剂;发泡剂用量优选为1-5wt%。
4.如权利要求1-3任一所述的托盘材料,玻纤增强聚丙烯的玻纤含量为10-40%,碳酸钙聚丙烯的碳酸钙含量为10-30wt%。
5.如权利要求1-4任一所述的托盘材料,还可以包括A无规聚丙烯;其用量按重量份数计为:A-无规聚丙烯5-10份、高融体强度聚丙烯80-90份、C-玻纤增强PP、增韧PP或碳酸钙PP10-30份。
6.如权利要求1-5任一所述的托盘材料,A中添加F-色母料或抗氧剂,其用量占1wt‰-4wt%;抗氧剂优选为[3-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙烯]季戊四醇酯,其用量为3-8wt%。
7.如权利要求1-6任一所述的托盘材料,所述增韧pp的增韧剂优选为橡胶,其用量为10-40wt%。
8.如权利要求5、6或7所述的托盘材料,所述材料按照A-(BC)n-A的排列方式复合;其中n为BC双层结构的层数;n=16~3000。
9.如权利要求1-8任一所述的托盘材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:将B、C分别经混炼塑化挤出,经分配成B和C的双层复体,双层复体叠加16-3000层形成叠加复合体,将其与其它混炼塑化挤出物经分配挤出复合发泡材料;所述挤出温度控制在160-280℃。
10.如权利要求9所述的托盘材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)在无规PP中分别加入抗氧剂和色母料后投入A挤出机经混炼塑化挤出,高融体强度聚丙烯和发泡剂按比例混匀后投入B挤出机料斗内经混炼塑化挤出,C投入C挤出机料斗内经混炼塑化挤出;挤出加工温度控制在160-250℃,压力在12-20Mpa;
(2)将步骤(1)所得B挤出料和C挤出料通过分配器分成B、C的双层复合体,然后叠加挤出16-3000层的叠加复合体;叠加复合体、A挤出料,通过分配机经分配挤出,经过T型头模具形成A-(BC)n-A的复合发泡材料;其中步骤(1)和(2)的加工温度控制在160-280℃,压力在12-20Mpa;
(3)经压制、定型、冷却、切割为板材;
(4)将制备好发泡板材,送入烘箱烘软,温度在180-300℃,时间为60-180s,烤软的板材进行压制、保压、冷却、定型、切边得到托盘。
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CN113667219A (zh) * | 2021-09-26 | 2021-11-19 | 安徽中宏橡塑有限公司 | 托盘及其制备方法 |
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