CN105329109A - Fuel battery car with auxiliary solar energy electricity generation - Google Patents
Fuel battery car with auxiliary solar energy electricity generation Download PDFInfo
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- CN105329109A CN105329109A CN201510831754.6A CN201510831754A CN105329109A CN 105329109 A CN105329109 A CN 105329109A CN 201510831754 A CN201510831754 A CN 201510831754A CN 105329109 A CN105329109 A CN 105329109A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/133—Renewable energy sources, e.g. sunlight
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
Abstract
The invention discloses a fuel battery car with auxiliary solar energy electricity generation. One implementing manner comprises a methyl alcohol-water storage container, a conveying pump, a heat exchanger, a reforming device, a fuel battery, an electricity power conversion device, a solar photovoltaic electricity generation system and a car motor, wherein the reforming device is provided with an electric hearing device, a reforming room and a hydrogen purifying device; the electric heating device provides heat for the reforming room and can be subjected to comprehensive complementary electricity providing by the solar photovoltaic electricity generation system and the fuel battery; electricity power generated by the solar photovoltaic electricity generation system is provided for the car motor, the conveying pump and the electric heating device after being converted by the electricity power conversion device. According to the fuel battery car with auxiliary solar energy electricity generation, the solar photovoltaic electricity generation system and the fuel battery can be used for comprehensive electricity generation for providing the electricity for the electric heating device/an electromagnetic heating device of the reforming device, the conveying pump and the car motor, the hydrogen production efficiency is high, the electricity generation efficiency is high, the energy utilization rate is high, raw materials such as methyl alcohol and water are saved, the limiting by weather is avoided, the hydrogen production after stopping is not required, and additional hydrogen production loading device is not required to be arranged.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electric vehicle engineering field, particularly a kind of fuel cell powered vehicle of solar power auxiliary power generation.
Background technology
At present, most automobile all with gasoline, diesel oil for fuel, not only consume a large amount of oil resources, and vehicle exhaust causes serious atmospheric contamination.For tackling this resource problem and environmental problem, the exploitation of electronlmobil becomes extremely important.Electronlmobil refers to vehicle power to be power, drives the vehicle of wheels travel with motor.Electronlmobil comprises pure electric automobile, hybrid vehicle and fuel cell powered vehicle.In the prior art, fuel cell powered vehicle refers to and is equipped with the electronlmobil of fuel cell as the power supply of acquisition propulsive effort.Fuel cell, in power generation process, needs hydrogen as electrochemical reaction material.In the prior art, the hydrogen that fuel cell uses derives from hydrogen load bearing equipment or hydrogen producer.
The Chinese invention patent application CN201410845114.6(applying date: 2014-12-31, application people first creator: Guangdong He Ji get Energy Science Co., Ltd) disclose a kind of fuel cell powered vehicle, comprise methanol-water hydrogen producer, fuel cell and automobile motor, after hydrogen prepared by methanol-water hydrogen producer, be supplied to fuel cell power generation, to drive automobile motor work, by the mode of instant hydrogen manufacturing for fuel cell provides hydrogen source.Methanol-water hydrogen producer is in hydrogen production process, the electric heater of its reformer needs to expend electricity, its transmission pump also needs to expend electricity, and the electric energy thus making fuel cell produce can not be supplied to automobile motor completely, and needs a part of electric energy from supply methanol-water hydrogen producer; Therefore, how making the efficiency of fuel cell powered vehicle realize maximizing, is those skilled in the art's urgent problems.
In view of this, the fuel cell powered vehicle technology based on solar power is developed gradually, and the patent of this one side comprises: 1. Chinese patent literature: CN201310556749.X new fuel cell Energy Distribution in Hybrid Electric Vehicles management system; 2. the preparation method of the clean continuable hydrogen for fuel cell vehicle of Chinese patent literature: CN201010126519.6 mono-kind; 3. Chinese patent literature: CN201310556851.X fuel cell and solar united confession type electronlmobil; 4. Chinese patent literature: CN201310583106.4 mono-kind is based on the vapour hydrogen fuel used for vehicle preparation system of solar power; 5.CN201410238360.5 an integrated form Hydrogen Energy produces storage and recycling device.Technology contents disclosed in above-mentioned patent documentation record has a common feature: first utilize solar photovoltaic generation system to generate electricity, then by electric power supply to hydrogen generating system hydrogen manufacturing, then the hydrogen storage of preparation is got up, then hydrogen is supplied to fuel cell power generation again, finally drive automobile motor work, wherein, hydrogen generating system is generally water electrolysis hydrogen production system.
But, technology contents disclosed in above-mentioned patent documentation also has following defect: one, for fuel cell powered vehicle, because solar photovoltaic generation system electricity amount is less, the amounts of hydrogen that water electrolysis hydrogen production system is prepared within the unit time is also than very little, hydrogen production efficiency is very low, the demand of fuel cell can not be met far away, therefore, this kind utilizes the fuel cell powered vehicle of solar power to need to berth for a long time after hydrogen manufacturing, again by hydrogen storage to abundant time, fuel cell powered vehicle just can be made normally to start, or need configuration hydrogen load bearing equipment in addition, or need the chargeable electrokinetic cell of configuration in addition, with supplementary electricity, two, solar photovoltaic generation system affects comparatively large by solar irradiation, overcast and rainy or without sunlight region, solar power all cannot be utilized to power to water electrolysis hydrogen production system, and fuel cell powered vehicle is difficult to normally start.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is for above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art, a kind of fuel cell powered vehicle of solar power auxiliary power generation is provided, this fuel cell powered vehicle can utilize solar photovoltaic generation system and fuel cell comprehensive electric generating, for the electric heater of reformer, transmission pump and automobile motor are powered, hydrogen production efficiency is high, generating efficiency is high, capacity usage ratio is high, can save methanol-water raw material, not limit by weather, without the need to hydrogen manufacturing of stopping, also without the need to configuring hydrogen load bearing equipment in addition.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, first technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of fuel cell powered vehicle of solar power auxiliary power generation, comprise methanol-water reservoir vessel, transmission pump, heat exchanger, reformer, fuel cell, power inverter, solar photovoltaic generation system and automobile motor, wherein:
Methanol-water reservoir vessel, stores liquid methanol-water raw material in it;
Transmission pump, for the methanol-water raw material in methanol-water reservoir vessel to be pumped to the reformer chamber of reformer by delivery duct, this transmission pump is powered by solar photovoltaic generation system and fuel cell integrated complementary;
Heat exchanger, is installed on the delivery duct of methanol-water raw material, and methanol-water raw material is in heat exchanger, and the high-temperature hydrogen exported with reformer carries out heat exchange, and methanol-water material temperature raises, and hydrogen temperature reduces;
Reformer, is provided with electric heater, reformer chamber and hydrogen purification apparatus, and described electric heater provides heat energy for reformer chamber, and this electric heater is powered by solar photovoltaic generation system and fuel cell integrated complementary; The temperature of described reformer chamber is 350-570 DEG C of temperature, reformer chamber is provided with catalyst, first alcohol and water is at the obtained hydrogen-containing gas of reformer chamber generation reformation hydrogen production reaction, reformer chamber is connected by connecting line with hydrogen purification apparatus, the all or part of of connecting line is arranged at reformer chamber, and the high temperature by reformer chamber continues the hydrogen-containing gas that heating exports from reformer chamber; Described connecting line is as the buffering between reformer chamber and hydrogen purification apparatus, make the temperature of the hydrogen-containing gas exported from reformer chamber identical with the temperature of hydrogen purification apparatus or close, obtain hydrogen from the aerogenesis end of hydrogen purification apparatus, this hydrogen is supplied to fuel cell after heat exchanger;
Fuel cell, produces electric energy for the oxygen generation electrochemical reaction in hydrogen and air, and the electric energy of this generation, after power inverter conversion, is respectively automobile motor, transmission pump and electric heater and powers;
Solar photovoltaic generation system, its electric energy produced, after power inverter conversion, is respectively automobile motor, transmission pump and electric heater and powers;
Automobile motor, makes running car for axle shaft rotates.
Preferably, described fuel cell powered vehicle also comprises electric energy storage facilities, and the charging end of this electric energy storage facilities connects power inverter, and this electric energy storage facilities can be automobile motor and powers.
Preferably, described fuel cell powered vehicle is provided with at least two group methanol-water reformation hydrogen production and power generation module group, often group methanol-water reformation hydrogen production and power generation module group all integrate heat exchanger, reformer and the fuel cell stated to some extent, and often group methanol-water reformation hydrogen production and the electricity needed for power generation module group self-operating are powered by solar photovoltaic generation system and fuel cell integrated complementary.
Preferably, described hydrogen purification apparatus is the membrane separation device at porous ceramic surface Vacuum Deposition palladium-silver, and film plating layer is palladium-silver, and the percent by weight palladium of palladium-silver accounts for 75%-78%, and silver accounts for 22%-25%.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, second technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of fuel cell powered vehicle of solar power auxiliary power generation, comprise methanol-water reservoir vessel, transmission pump, frequency converter, heat exchanger, reformer, fuel cell, power inverter, solar photovoltaic generation system and automobile motor, wherein:
Methanol-water reservoir vessel, stores liquid methanol-water raw material in it;
Transmission pump, for the methanol-water raw material in methanol-water reservoir vessel to be pumped to the reformer chamber of reformer by delivery duct, this transmission pump is powered by solar photovoltaic generation system and fuel cell integrated complementary;
Frequency converter, for LF voltage or vdc being converted to the high frequency voltage of the magnet coil of electromagnetic heater, described frequency converter is provided with liquid cooling heat radiator, described methanol-water raw material is in the pumping procedure of transmission pump, flow through this liquid cooling heat radiator, the heat that frequency converter is produced is taken away by methanol-water raw material;
Heat exchanger, is installed on the delivery duct of methanol-water raw material, and methanol-water raw material is in heat exchanger, and the high-temperature hydrogen exported with reformer carries out heat exchange, and methanol-water material temperature raises, and hydrogen temperature reduces;
Reformer, be provided with electromagnetic heater, reformer chamber and hydrogen purification apparatus, described electromagnetic heater comprises magnet coil and metal is subject to magnet, high frequency magnetic field can be produced after described magnet coil input high frequency voltage, metal is generated heat by magnet is subject to magnetic field induction, for reformer chamber provides heat energy, this electromagnetic heater is powered by solar photovoltaic generation system and fuel cell integrated complementary; The temperature of described reformer chamber is 350-570 DEG C of temperature, reformer chamber is provided with catalyst, first alcohol and water is at the obtained hydrogen-containing gas of reformer chamber generation reformation hydrogen production reaction, reformer chamber is connected by connecting line with hydrogen purification apparatus, the all or part of of connecting line is arranged at reformer chamber, and the high temperature by reformer chamber continues the hydrogen-containing gas that heating exports from reformer chamber; Described connecting line is as the buffering between reformer chamber and hydrogen purification apparatus, make the temperature of the hydrogen-containing gas exported from reformer chamber identical with the temperature of hydrogen purification apparatus or close, obtain hydrogen from the aerogenesis end of hydrogen purification apparatus, this hydrogen is supplied to fuel cell after heat exchanger;
Fuel cell, produces electric energy for the oxygen generation electrochemical reaction in hydrogen and air, and the electric energy of this generation, after power inverter conversion, is respectively automobile motor, transmission pump and electromagnetic heater and powers;
Solar photovoltaic generation system, its electric energy produced, after power inverter conversion, is respectively automobile motor, transmission pump and electromagnetic heater and powers;
Automobile motor, makes running car for axle shaft rotates.
Preferably, described fuel cell powered vehicle also comprises electric energy storage facilities, and the charging end of this electric energy storage facilities connects power inverter, and this electric energy storage facilities can be automobile motor and powers.
Preferably, described fuel cell powered vehicle is provided with at least two group methanol-water reformation hydrogen production and power generation module group, often group methanol-water reformation hydrogen production and power generation module group all integrate heat exchanger, reformer and the fuel cell stated to some extent, and often group methanol-water reformation hydrogen production and the electricity needed for power generation module group self-operating are powered by solar photovoltaic generation system and fuel cell integrated complementary.
Preferably, described reformer comprises insulation shell, reformer chamber and hydrogen purification apparatus from outside to inside successively, the magnet coil of described electromagnetic heater is arranged between insulation shell and reformer chamber, and described metal is arranged at reformer chamber by magnet, and described metal is provided with single or multiple lift by magnet.
Preferably, the outside of described reformer chamber and inner side are also provided with vaporization coil pipe, and methanol-water raw material first passed through vaporization coil pipe before entering reformer chamber, so that methyl alcohol and water vapor.
Preferably, described hydrogen purification apparatus is the membrane separation device at porous ceramic surface Vacuum Deposition palladium-silver, and film plating layer is palladium-silver, and the percent by weight palladium of palladium-silver accounts for 75%-78%, and silver accounts for 22%-25%.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention can utilize solar photovoltaic generation system and fuel cell comprehensive electric generating, for the electric heater/electromagnetic heater of reformer, transmission pump and automobile motor are powered, when illumination condition is good, solar energy power generating is main, fuel cell power generation is auxiliary, when illumination condition difference, fuel cell power generation is main, solar energy power generating is auxiliary, thus make hydrogen production efficiency of the present invention high, generating efficiency is high, capacity usage ratio is high, methanol-water raw material can be saved, do not limit by weather, without the need to hydrogen manufacturing of stopping, also without the need to configuring hydrogen load bearing equipment in addition.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the integral structure block scheme of the embodiment of the present invention one.
Fig. 2 is the integral structure block scheme of the embodiment of the present invention two.
Fig. 3 a kind of preferred structure block scheme of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is reformer and heat exchanger external structure schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention two.
Fig. 5 is the cross-sectional TV structure schematic diagram of reformer in Fig. 4.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, structural principle of the present invention and principle of work are described in further detail.
Embodiment one
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of fuel cell powered vehicle of solar power auxiliary power generation, comprises methanol-water reservoir vessel 1, transmission pump 2, heat exchanger 3, reformer 4, fuel cell 5, power inverter 6, solar photovoltaic generation system 7 and automobile motor 8, wherein:
Methanol-water reservoir vessel 1, stores liquid methanol-water raw material in it;
Transmission pump 2, for the methanol-water raw material in methanol-water reservoir vessel 1 to be pumped to the reformer chamber 41 of reformer 4 by delivery duct, this transmission pump 3 is powered by solar photovoltaic generation system 7 and fuel cell 5 integrated complementary;
Heat exchanger 3, is installed on the delivery duct of methanol-water raw material, and methanol-water raw material is in heat exchanger 3, and the high-temperature hydrogen exported with reformer 4 carries out heat exchange, and methanol-water material temperature raises, and hydrogen temperature reduces;
Reformer 4, is provided with electric heater 42, reformer chamber 41 and hydrogen purification apparatus 43, and described electric heater 42 provides heat energy for reformer chamber 41, and this electric heater 42 is powered by solar photovoltaic generation system 7 and fuel cell 5 integrated complementary; Temperature in described reformer chamber 41 is 350-570 DEG C of temperature, be preferably 350-409 DEG C, catalyst is provided with in reformer chamber 41, first alcohol and water, in reformer chamber 41, passes through catalyst under the pressure condition of 1-5MPa, under the effect of catalyst, there is the transformationreation of methanol decomposition reaction and carbonic oxide, generate hydrogen and carbon dioxide, this is the gas solid catalytic reaction system of component more than, many reactions, and reactional equation is: (1) CH
3oH → CO+2H
2, (2) H
2o+CO → CO
2+ H
2, (3) CH
3oH+H
2o → CO
2+ 3H
2, obtain the high temperature hydrogen-containing gas based on carbon dioxide and hydrogen; Reformer chamber 41 is connected by connecting line with hydrogen purification apparatus 43, and all or part of of connecting line is arranged in reformer chamber 41, continues the hydrogen-containing gas of heating from reformer chamber output by the high temperature in reformer chamber 41; Described connecting line is as the buffering between reformer chamber 41 and hydrogen purification apparatus 43, make the temperature of the hydrogen-containing gas exported from reformer chamber 41 identical with the temperature of hydrogen purification apparatus 43 or close, hydrogen is obtained from the aerogenesis end of hydrogen purification apparatus 43, this hydrogen is supplied to fuel cell 5 after heat exchanger 3, carbon dioxide then can be discharged from reformer, or collects.It should be noted that electric heater is also the starter gear of reformer simultaneously, when reformer starts, first utilize electric heater to heat.Described electric heater 42 can select resistance heater.
Fuel cell 5, produces electric energy for the oxygen generation electrochemical reaction in hydrogen and air, the anode at fuel cell: 2H
2→ 4H
++ 4e
-, H
2break into two protons and two electronics, proton is through PEM (PEM), and electronics, by anode plate, by external loading, and enters cathode bipolar plate, the negative electrode at fuel cell: O
2+ 4e
-+ 4H
+→ 2H
2o, proton, electronics and O
2recombine to form H
2o; The electric energy of this generation, after power inverter 6 is changed, is respectively automobile motor 8, transmission pump 3 and electric heater 42 and powers;
Solar photovoltaic generation system 7, its electric energy produced, after power inverter 6 is changed, is respectively automobile motor 8, transmission pump 3 and electric heater 42 and powers; Described solar photovoltaic generation system 7 comprises solar cell, and this solar cell is monocrystaline silicon solar cell or polysilicon solar cell or non-crystal silicon solar cell;
Automobile motor 8, makes running car for axle shaft rotates.Operationally, the torque of generation is first conducted to axletree by gear automobile motor, then makes running car by axletree.
As shown in Figure 1, described fuel cell powered vehicle also comprises electric energy storage facilities 9, and the charging end of this electric energy storage facilities 9 connects power inverter 6, and this electric energy storage facilities 9 can be automobile motor 8 and powers.The direct current (DC) that described power inverter 6 pairs of solar photovoltaic generation systems 7 and fuel cell 5 export carries out DC/DC voltage transition or DC/AC changes; By using the control setup of fuel cell powered vehicle, according to the load of automobile motor and the charge capacity of electric energy storage facilities 9, the electricity supply automobile motor that solar photovoltaic generation system 7 and fuel cell 5 are sent and electric energy storage facilities 9.Specifically, such as when accelerate time etc., time automobile motor load is large, the electricity from solar photovoltaic generation system 7, fuel cell 5 and electric energy storage facilities 9 is supplied to automobile motor, and slowing down, braking time etc. in situation, a part for electricity solar photovoltaic generation system 7 and fuel cell 5 produced is that electric energy storage facilities 9 charges.
As shown in Figure 3, described fuel cell powered vehicle is provided with at least two group methanol-water reformation hydrogen productions and power generation module group 100, often group methanol-water reformation hydrogen production and power generation module group 100 all integrate heat exchanger 3, reformer 4 and the fuel cell 5 stated to some extent, and often group methanol-water reformation hydrogen production and the electricity needed for power generation module group 100 self-operating are powered by solar photovoltaic generation system 7 and fuel cell 5 integrated complementary.Owing to being provided with at least two group methanol-water reformation hydrogen production and power generation module group, therefore, volume and the hydrogen manufacturing amount of often organizing the reformer of methanol-water reformation hydrogen production and power generation module group are relatively little, easy startup running, good stability, vibratory magnitude are little, and the aspect state modulator such as hydrogen manufacturing temperature, gas flow and air pressure are sensitive; Meanwhile, when the reformer et out of order of any one group of methanol-water reformation hydrogen production and power generation module group, reformers of other group methanol-water reformation hydrogen productions and power generation module group still can normally run, and thus safety is high, reliability is strong.In addition, when the overall hydrogen manufacturing amount of fuel cell powered vehicle and electric energy generated excessive time, by closing a part of methanol-water reformation hydrogen production and power generation module group to reduce hydrogen manufacturing amount and electric energy generated, and the overall hydrogen manufacturing amount of fuel cell powered vehicle and electric energy generated too small time, be in the methanol-water reformation hydrogen production of readiness for action and power generation module group to increase hydrogen manufacturing amount and electric energy generated by starting a part again.
Preferably, described hydrogen purification apparatus 43 is the membrane separation device at porous ceramic surface Vacuum Deposition palladium-silver, and film plating layer is palladium-silver, and the percent by weight palladium of palladium-silver accounts for 75%-78%, and silver accounts for 22%-25%.
Embodiment two
As shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, a kind of fuel cell powered vehicle of solar power auxiliary power generation, comprise methanol-water reservoir vessel 1, transmission pump 2, frequency converter 10, heat exchanger 3, reformer 4, fuel cell 5, power inverter 6, solar photovoltaic generation system 7 and automobile motor 8, wherein:
Methanol-water reservoir vessel 1, stores liquid methanol-water raw material in it;
Transmission pump 2, for the methanol-water raw material in methanol-water reservoir vessel 1 to be pumped to the reformer chamber 41 of reformer 4 by delivery duct, this transmission pump 2 is powered by solar photovoltaic generation system 7 and fuel cell 5 integrated complementary;
Frequency converter 10, for LF voltage or vdc being converted to the high frequency voltage of the 20-40KHZ of the magnet coil 441 of electromagnetic heater 44, described frequency converter 10 is provided with liquid cooling heat radiator 11, described methanol-water raw material is in the pumping procedure of transmission pump 2, flow through this liquid cooling heat radiator 11, the heat that frequency converter 10 is produced is taken away by methanol-water raw material;
Heat exchanger 3, is installed on the delivery duct of methanol-water raw material, and methanol-water raw material is in heat exchanger 3, and the high-temperature hydrogen exported with reformer 4 carries out heat exchange, and methanol-water material temperature raises, and hydrogen temperature reduces;
Reformer 4, be provided with electromagnetic heater 44, reformer chamber 41 and hydrogen purification apparatus 43, described electromagnetic heater 44 comprises magnet coil 441 and metal is subject to magnet 442, high frequency magnetic field can be produced after described magnet coil 441 inputs high frequency voltage, metal is made generated heat by magnetic field induction by magnet 442, for reformer chamber 41 provides heat energy, this electromagnetic heater 44 is powered by solar photovoltaic generation system 7 and fuel cell 5 integrated complementary; Temperature in described reformer chamber 41 is 350-570 DEG C of temperature, be preferably 350-409 DEG C, catalyst is provided with in reformer chamber 41, first alcohol and water, in reformer chamber 41, passes through catalyst under the pressure condition of 1-5MPa, under the effect of catalyst, there is the transformationreation of methanol decomposition reaction and carbonic oxide, generate hydrogen and carbon dioxide, this is the gas solid catalytic reaction system of component more than, many reactions, and reactional equation is: (1) CH
3oH → CO+2H
2, (2) H
2o+CO → CO
2+ H
2, (3) CH
3oH+H
2o → CO
2+ 3H
2, obtain the high temperature hydrogen-containing gas based on carbon dioxide and hydrogen; Reformer chamber 41 is connected by connecting line with hydrogen purification apparatus 43, and all or part of of connecting line is arranged in reformer chamber 41, continues the hydrogen-containing gas of heating from reformer chamber 41 output by the high temperature in reformer chamber 41; Described connecting line is as the buffering between reformer chamber 41 and hydrogen purification apparatus 43, make the temperature of the hydrogen-containing gas exported from reformer chamber 41 identical with the temperature of hydrogen purification apparatus 43 or close, hydrogen is obtained from the aerogenesis end of hydrogen purification apparatus 43, this hydrogen is supplied to fuel cell 5 after heat exchanger 3, carbon dioxide then can be discharged from reformer, or collects.It should be noted that electromagnetic heater is also the starter gear of reformer simultaneously, when reformer starts, first utilize electromagnetic heater to heat.
Fuel cell 5, described fuel cell 6 produces electric energy for the oxygen generation electrochemical reaction in hydrogen and air, the anode at fuel cell: 2H
2→ 4H
++ 4e
-, H
2break into two protons and two electronics, proton is through PEM (PEM), and electronics, by anode plate, by external loading, and enters cathode bipolar plate, the negative electrode at fuel cell: O
2+ 4e
-+ 4H
+→ 2H
2o, proton, electronics and O
2recombine to form H
2o; The electric energy of this generation, after power inverter 6 is changed, is respectively automobile motor 8, transmission pump 2 and electromagnetic heater 44 and powers;
Solar photovoltaic generation system 7, its electric energy produced, after power inverter 6 is changed, is respectively automobile motor 8, transmission pump 2 and electromagnetic heater 44 and powers; Described solar photovoltaic generation system 7 comprises solar cell, and this solar cell is monocrystaline silicon solar cell or polysilicon solar cell or non-crystal silicon solar cell;
Automobile motor 8, makes running car for axle shaft rotates.Operationally, the torque of generation is first conducted to axletree by gear automobile motor, then makes running car by axletree.
As shown in Figure 2, described fuel cell powered vehicle also comprises electric energy storage facilities 9, and the charging end of this electric energy storage facilities 9 connects power inverter 6, and this electric energy storage facilities 9 can be automobile motor 8 and powers.The direct current (DC) that described power inverter 6 pairs of solar photovoltaic generation systems 7 and fuel cell 5 export carries out DC/DC voltage transition or DC/AC changes; By using the control setup of fuel cell powered vehicle, according to the load of automobile motor and the charge capacity of electric energy storage facilities 9, the electricity supply automobile motor that solar photovoltaic generation system 7 and fuel cell 5 are sent and electric energy storage facilities 9.Specifically, such as when accelerate time etc., time automobile motor load is large, the electricity from solar photovoltaic generation system 7, fuel cell 5 and electric energy storage facilities 9 is supplied to automobile motor, and slowing down, braking time etc. in situation, a part for electricity solar photovoltaic generation system 7 and fuel cell 5 produced is that electric energy storage facilities 9 charges.
As shown in Figure 3, described fuel cell powered vehicle is provided with at least two group methanol-water reformation hydrogen productions and power generation module group 100, often group methanol-water reformation hydrogen production and power generation module group 100 all integrate heat exchanger 3, reformer 4 and the fuel cell 5 stated to some extent, and often group methanol-water reformation hydrogen production and the electricity needed for power generation module group 100 self-operating are powered by solar photovoltaic generation system 7 and fuel cell 5 integrated complementary.Owing to being provided with at least two group methanol-water reformation hydrogen production and power generation module group, therefore, volume and the hydrogen manufacturing amount of often organizing the reformer of methanol-water reformation hydrogen production and power generation module group are relatively little, easy startup running, good stability, vibratory magnitude are little, and the aspect state modulator such as hydrogen manufacturing temperature, gas flow and air pressure are sensitive; Meanwhile, when the reformer et out of order of any one group of methanol-water reformation hydrogen production and power generation module group, reformers of other group methanol-water reformation hydrogen productions and power generation module group still can normally run, and thus safety is high, reliability is strong.In addition, when the overall hydrogen manufacturing amount of fuel cell powered vehicle and electric energy generated excessive time, by closing a part of methanol-water reformation hydrogen production and power generation module group to reduce hydrogen manufacturing amount and electric energy generated, and the overall hydrogen manufacturing amount of fuel cell powered vehicle and electric energy generated too small time, be in the methanol-water reformation hydrogen production of readiness for action and power generation module group to increase hydrogen manufacturing amount and electric energy generated by starting a part again.
As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, described reformer 4 comprises insulation shell 45, reformer chamber 41 and hydrogen purification apparatus 43 from outside to inside successively, the magnet coil 441 of described electromagnetic heater 44 is arranged between insulation shell 45 and reformer chamber 41, described metal is arranged in reformer chamber 441 by magnet 442, and described metal is provided with single or multiple lift by magnet 442.
As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, the outside of described reformer chamber and inner side are also provided with vaporization coil pipe 46, and methanol-water raw material first passed through vaporization coil pipe 46 before entering reformer chamber 41, so that methyl alcohol and water vapor.
Preferably, described hydrogen purification apparatus 43 is the membrane separation device at porous ceramic surface Vacuum Deposition palladium-silver, and film plating layer is palladium-silver, and the percent by weight palladium of palladium-silver accounts for 75%-78%, and silver accounts for 22%-25%.
The above is only better embodiment of the present invention, every above embodiment is done according to technical scheme of the present invention any trickle amendment, equivalent variations and modification, all belong in the scope of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a fuel cell powered vehicle for solar power auxiliary power generation, is characterized in that: comprise methanol-water reservoir vessel, transmission pump, heat exchanger, reformer, fuel cell, power inverter, solar photovoltaic generation system and automobile motor, wherein:
Methanol-water reservoir vessel, stores liquid methanol-water raw material in it;
Transmission pump, for the methanol-water raw material in methanol-water reservoir vessel to be pumped to the reformer chamber of reformer by delivery duct, this transmission pump is powered by solar photovoltaic generation system and fuel cell integrated complementary;
Heat exchanger, is installed on the delivery duct of methanol-water raw material, and methanol-water raw material is in heat exchanger, and the high-temperature hydrogen exported with reformer carries out heat exchange, and methanol-water material temperature raises, and hydrogen temperature reduces;
Reformer, is provided with electric heater, reformer chamber and hydrogen purification apparatus, and described electric heater provides heat energy for reformer chamber, and this electric heater is powered by solar photovoltaic generation system and fuel cell integrated complementary; The temperature of described reformer chamber is 350-570 DEG C of temperature, reformer chamber is provided with catalyst, first alcohol and water is at the obtained hydrogen-containing gas of reformer chamber generation reformation hydrogen production reaction, reformer chamber is connected by connecting line with hydrogen purification apparatus, the all or part of of connecting line is arranged at reformer chamber, and the high temperature by reformer chamber continues the hydrogen-containing gas that heating exports from reformer chamber; Described connecting line is as the buffering between reformer chamber and hydrogen purification apparatus, make the temperature of the hydrogen-containing gas exported from reformer chamber identical with the temperature of hydrogen purification apparatus or close, obtain hydrogen from the aerogenesis end of hydrogen purification apparatus, this hydrogen is supplied to fuel cell after heat exchanger;
Fuel cell, produces electric energy for the oxygen generation electrochemical reaction in hydrogen and air, and the electric energy of this generation, after power inverter conversion, is respectively automobile motor, transmission pump and electric heater and powers;
Solar photovoltaic generation system, its electric energy produced, after power inverter conversion, is respectively automobile motor, transmission pump and electric heater and powers;
Automobile motor, makes running car for axle shaft rotates.
2. fuel cell powered vehicle according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described fuel cell powered vehicle also comprises electric energy storage facilities, and the charging end of this electric energy storage facilities connects power inverter, and this electric energy storage facilities can be automobile motor and powers.
3. fuel cell powered vehicle according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described fuel cell powered vehicle is provided with at least two group methanol-water reformation hydrogen production and power generation module group, often group methanol-water reformation hydrogen production and power generation module group all integrate heat exchanger, reformer and the fuel cell stated to some extent, and often group methanol-water reformation hydrogen production and the electricity needed for power generation module group self-operating are powered by solar photovoltaic generation system and fuel cell integrated complementary.
4. fuel cell powered vehicle according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described hydrogen purification apparatus is the membrane separation device at porous ceramic surface Vacuum Deposition palladium-silver, film plating layer is palladium-silver, and the percent by weight palladium of palladium-silver accounts for 75%-78%, and silver accounts for 22%-25%.
5. a fuel cell powered vehicle for solar power auxiliary power generation, is characterized in that: comprise methanol-water reservoir vessel, transmission pump, frequency converter, heat exchanger, reformer, fuel cell, power inverter, solar photovoltaic generation system and automobile motor, wherein:
Methanol-water reservoir vessel, stores liquid methanol-water raw material in it;
Transmission pump, for the methanol-water raw material in methanol-water reservoir vessel to be pumped to the reformer chamber of reformer by delivery duct, this transmission pump is powered by solar photovoltaic generation system and fuel cell integrated complementary;
Frequency converter, for LF voltage or vdc being converted to the high frequency voltage of the magnet coil of electromagnetic heater, described frequency converter is provided with liquid cooling heat radiator, described methanol-water raw material is in the pumping procedure of transmission pump, flow through this liquid cooling heat radiator, the heat that frequency converter is produced is taken away by methanol-water raw material;
Heat exchanger, is installed on the delivery duct of methanol-water raw material, and methanol-water raw material is in heat exchanger, and the high-temperature hydrogen exported with reformer carries out heat exchange, and methanol-water material temperature raises, and hydrogen temperature reduces;
Reformer, be provided with electromagnetic heater, reformer chamber and hydrogen purification apparatus, described electromagnetic heater comprises magnet coil and metal is subject to magnet, high frequency magnetic field can be produced after described magnet coil input high frequency voltage, metal is generated heat by magnet is subject to magnetic field induction, for reformer chamber provides heat energy, this electromagnetic heater is powered by solar photovoltaic generation system and fuel cell integrated complementary; The temperature of described reformer chamber is 350-570 DEG C of temperature, reformer chamber is provided with catalyst, first alcohol and water is at the obtained hydrogen-containing gas of reformer chamber generation reformation hydrogen production reaction, reformer chamber is connected by connecting line with hydrogen purification apparatus, the all or part of of connecting line is arranged at reformer chamber, and the high temperature by reformer chamber continues the hydrogen-containing gas that heating exports from reformer chamber; Described connecting line is as the buffering between reformer chamber and hydrogen purification apparatus, make the temperature of the hydrogen-containing gas exported from reformer chamber identical with the temperature of hydrogen purification apparatus or close, obtain hydrogen from the aerogenesis end of hydrogen purification apparatus, this hydrogen is supplied to fuel cell after heat exchanger;
Fuel cell, produces electric energy for the oxygen generation electrochemical reaction in hydrogen and air, and the electric energy of this generation, after power inverter conversion, is respectively automobile motor, transmission pump and electromagnetic heater and powers;
Solar photovoltaic generation system, its electric energy produced, after power inverter conversion, is respectively automobile motor, transmission pump and electromagnetic heater and powers;
Automobile motor, makes running car for axle shaft rotates.
6. fuel cell powered vehicle according to claim 5, is characterized in that: described fuel cell powered vehicle also comprises electric energy storage facilities, and the charging end of this electric energy storage facilities connects power inverter, and this electric energy storage facilities can be automobile motor and powers.
7. fuel cell powered vehicle according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described fuel cell powered vehicle is provided with at least two group methanol-water reformation hydrogen production and power generation module group, often group methanol-water reformation hydrogen production and power generation module group all integrate heat exchanger, reformer and the fuel cell stated to some extent, and often group methanol-water reformation hydrogen production and the electricity needed for power generation module group self-operating are powered by solar photovoltaic generation system and fuel cell integrated complementary.
8. fuel cell powered vehicle according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described reformer comprises insulation shell, reformer chamber and hydrogen purification apparatus from outside to inside successively, the magnet coil of described electromagnetic heater is arranged between insulation shell and reformer chamber, described metal is arranged at reformer chamber by magnet, and described metal is provided with single or multiple lift by magnet.
9. fuel cell powered vehicle according to claim 5, is characterized in that: the outside of described reformer chamber and inner side are also provided with vaporization coil pipe, and methanol-water raw material first passed through vaporization coil pipe before entering reformer chamber, so that methyl alcohol and water vapor.
10. fuel cell powered vehicle according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described hydrogen purification apparatus is the membrane separation device at porous ceramic surface Vacuum Deposition palladium-silver, film plating layer is palladium-silver, and the percent by weight palladium of palladium-silver accounts for 75%-78%, and silver accounts for 22%-25%.
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| CN201510831754.6A CN105329109A (en) | 2015-11-25 | 2015-11-25 | Fuel battery car with auxiliary solar energy electricity generation |
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