CN105070931A - Hydrogen production power generation system employing methanol steam - Google Patents
Hydrogen production power generation system employing methanol steam Download PDFInfo
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- CN105070931A CN105070931A CN201510426581.XA CN201510426581A CN105070931A CN 105070931 A CN105070931 A CN 105070931A CN 201510426581 A CN201510426581 A CN 201510426581A CN 105070931 A CN105070931 A CN 105070931A
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- oxide
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/0612—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
- H01M8/0618—Reforming processes, e.g. autothermal, partial oxidation or steam reforming
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
- C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
- C01B3/38—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
- C01B3/40—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts characterised by the catalyst
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/22—Fuel cells in which the fuel is based on materials comprising carbon or oxygen or hydrogen and other elements; Fuel cells in which the fuel is based on materials comprising only elements other than carbon, oxygen or hydrogen
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
The invention discloses a hydrogen production power generation system employing methanol steam. The hydrogen production power generation system comprises a liquid storage container, a raw material conveyer device, hydrogen production equipment, a film separating device and a hydrogen power generation device, wherein the hydrogen production equipment comprises a heat exchanger, a vaporizing chamber and a reforming chamber; the vaporized methanol steam and steam enter the reforming chamber; a film separator is arranged in a separating chamber; hydrogen is obtained from a gas production end of the film separator; the hydrogen power generation device is connected to the hydrogen production equipment; one part of generated direct current is conveyed to the hydrogen production equipment; and an electromagnetic heating device is driven to heat the reforming chamber and the separating chamber by the hydrogen production equipment through the home-made direct current. According to the hydrogen production power generation system employing the methanol steam disclosed by the invention, the hydrogen production efficiency can be improved, so as to improve the power generation efficiency. By the direct current generated by the power generation system, the hydrogen production equipment is directly heated in an electromagnetic heating manner; electrical energy conversion is not needed; and the power generation speed is high.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to hydrogen and prepare technical field of power generation, relate to a kind of electricity generation system, particularly relate to a kind of preparing hydrogen from methanol steam electricity generation system.
Background technology
In numerous new forms of energy, Hydrogen Energy will become the 21 century optimal energy.This is because when burning the coal of identical weight, gasoline and hydrogen, the energy that hydrogen produces is maximum, and the product of its burning is water, does not have lime-ash and waste gas, does not pollute the environment; And coal and oil combustion generate is carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide, greenhouse effect and acid rain can be produced respectively.Coal and reserves are limited, and hydrogen is mainly stored in water, and after burning, unique product is also water, can produce hydrogen continuously, be finished never.
Hydrogen is a kind of colourless gas.One gram of Hydrogen Energy of burning discharges your heat of 142 kilojoules, is 3 times of gasoline caloric value.The weight of hydrogen is light especially, and it is all lighter than gasoline, natural gas, kerosene many, and thus carrying, transport conveniently, is the most suitable fuel of the high-speed flight such as space flight, the aviation vehicles.Hydrogen can burn in oxygen, and the temperature of hydrogen flame can up to 2500 DEG C, and thus people commonly use hydrogen cutting or weldable steel iron material.
In the Nature, the distribution of hydrogen is very extensive.Water is exactly large " warehouse " of hydrogen, wherein contains the hydrogen of 11%.There is the hydrogen of 1.5% earth Rio; All contain hydrogen in oil, coal, natural gas, animal and plant body etc.The main body of hydrogen exists with the form of compound water, and earth surface about 70% is covered for water, and very greatly, therefore can say, hydrogen is the energy of " inexhaustible, nexhaustible " to moisture storage capacity.If can with suitable method preparing hydrogen from water, so hydrogen also will be the energy that a kind of price is quite cheap.
Having many uses of hydrogen, applicability is strong.It can not only be used as fuel, and metal hydride has the function that chemical energy, heat energy and mechanical energy changes mutually.Such as, hydrogen storage metal has to inhale hydrogen heat release and absorb heat puts the ability of hydrogen, heat storage can be got up, use as heating in room and air-conditioning.
Hydrogen, as gaseous fuel, is first used on automobile.In May, 1976, the U.S. develops a kind of automobile making fuel with hydrogen; Afterwards, Japan also succeeded in developing a kind of take liquified hydrogen as the automobile of fuel; In the latter stage seventies, the Mercedes of front Germany tests hydrogen, and they have only used five kg of hydrogen, just makes running car 110 kilometers.
With hydrogen as motor vehicle fuel, not only totally, easily start at low temperatures, and little to the corrosiveness of engine, the useful life of engine can be extended.Because hydrogen and air can Homogeneous phase mixing, vaporizer used on general automobile can be saved completely, thus the structure of existing automobile can be simplified.More interestingly, if add in the oil 4% hydrogen.Use it as automobile engine fuel, just can fuel-economizing 40%, and without the need to doing great improvement to petrol engine.
Hydrogen is easy to become liquid under certain pressure and temperature, thus that it is all very convenient by iron flask car, on-highway tractor or ship transportation.Liquid hydrogen both can be used as the fuel of automobile, aircraft, also can be used as the fuel of rocket, guided missile.The U.S. is flown to the Apollo Personnel investigation Program of the moon " Long March carrier rocket that number spaceship and China launch a man-made satellite., all make fuel with liquified hydrogen.
In addition, use hydrogen-hydrogen fuel cell Hydrogen Energy directly can also be changed into electric energy, make utilizing of Hydrogen Energy more convenient.At present, this fuel cell is used on spaceship and submarine, and effect is pretty good.Certainly, because cost is higher, be also difficult to generally use for the moment.
The annual production of hydrogen is about 3,600 ten thousand tons in the world now, and wherein the overwhelming majority is produced from oil, coal and natural gas, and this must consume fossil fuel natively very in short supply; Separately have the hydrogen of 4% to be produce by the method for brine electrolysis, but the electric energy consumed is too many, does not calculate very much, therefore, people are trying to explore research hydrogen manufacturing new method.And the energy consumption in Chemical Manufacture can be reduced with methyl alcohol, water reformation hydrogen production and reduce costs, be expected to substitute and be called as the technique of " water electrolysis hydrogen production " of electricity-eating tiger, utilize advanced methanol vapor to reform--pressure swing adsorption making pure hydrogen and be rich in CO
2mist, through further reprocessing, hydrogen and carbon dioxide gas can be obtained simultaneously.
Methyl alcohol and steam pass through catalyst under certain temperature, pressure condition, under the effect of catalyst, the transformationreation of methanol decomposition reaction and carbon monoxide occurs, generates hydrogen and carbon dioxide, this is the gas solid catalytic reaction system of component more than, many reactions.Reactional equation is as follows:
CH
3OH→CO+2H
2(1)
H
2O+CO→CO
2+H
2(2)
CH
3OH+H
2O→CO
2+3H
2(3)
The H that reforming reaction generates
2and CO
2, then through palladium UF membrane by H
2and CO
2be separated, obtain high-purity hydrogen.The power consumption of pressure swing adsorption method is high, equipment large, and is not suitable for the preparation of small-scale hydrogen.
Existing hydrogen gas generating system, normally utilizes the hydrogen gas generation prepared, and namely prepares hydrogen and is separated with hydrogen gas generation.First utilize hydrogen producer to prepare hydrogen, hydrogen is positioned in hydrogen gas buffer, then by the hydrogen gas generation in hydrogen gas buffer.The volume of hydrogen gas buffer is comparatively huge, not Portable belt, and mobility is poor, thus constrains the portability of hydrogen preparation and generating equipment.
In order to improve the portability of hydrogen producer, the applicant proposed mobile hydrogen making system in 2013, and volume is little, was easy to carry.Exhaust combustion after mobile hydrogen making system adopts hydrogen or hydrogen manufacturing is reformer chamber, separation chamber provides the energy, and efficiency is low.
In view of this, nowadays in the urgent need to designing a kind of new hydrogen gas generating system, to overcome the above-mentioned defect of existing hydrogen gas generating system.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: provide a kind of preparing hydrogen from methanol steam electricity generation system, can improve hydrogen production efficiency, thus improves generating efficiency.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of preparing hydrogen from methanol steam electricity generation system, described system comprises: solid hydrogen reservoir vessel, device for rapidly starting, liquid container, raw material conveying device, hydrogen producer, membrane separation device, hydrogen gas generation device;
Described hydrogen producer comprises heat exchanger, vaporizer, reformer chamber; Membrane separation device is arranged in separation chamber, and separation chamber is arranged at the top of reformer chamber;
Described solid hydrogen reservoir vessel, liquid container are connected with hydrogen producer respectively; Liquid first alcohol and water is stored in liquid container;
By storing solid hydrogen in solid hydrogen reservoir vessel or/and device for rapidly starting provides the startup energy for hydrogen producer;
Store solid hydrogen in described solid hydrogen reservoir vessel, when hydrogen generating system starts, by gasification module, solid hydrogen is converted to gaseous hydrogen, gaseous hydrogen is the generating of hydrogen gas generation device, as the startup power supply of hydrogen producer;
Described device for rapidly starting comprises the first starting drive, the second starting drive; Described first starting drive comprises the first heating arrangements, the first gasification pipe, and the internal diameter of the first gasification pipe is 1 ~ 2mm, and the first gasification pipe is closely wound on the first heating arrangements; One end of described first gasification pipe connects liquid container, sends in the first gasification pipe by raw material conveying device by methyl alcohol; The other end of the first gasification pipe exports vaporized methyl alcohol, then by ignition mechanism ignition; Or the other end of the first gasification pipe exports vaporized methyl alcohol, and the methanol temperature exported reaches self-ignition point, directly spontaneous combustion after methyl alcohol exports from the first gasification pipe; Described second starting drive comprises the second gasification pipe, the main body of the second gasification pipe is arranged at described reformer chamber, first gasification pipe is or/and the methyl alcohol that the second gasification pipe exports is heat the second gasification pipe, by the methanol gasifying in the second gasification pipe while reformer chamber heats; Described reformer chamber inwall is provided with heating pipe line, is placed with catalyst in heating pipe line; Described device for rapidly starting is reformer chamber heating by the described heating pipe line of heating;
First alcohol and water in described liquid container is delivered to heat exchanger heat exchange by raw material conveying device, enters vaporizer gasification after heat exchange; Described raw material conveying device provides power, by the feedstock transportation in liquid container to hydrogen producer; Described raw material conveying device provides the pressure of 1.1 ~ 5MPa to raw material, and the hydrogen that hydrogen producer is obtained has enough pressure;
Methanol vapor after gasification and steam enter reformer chamber, and reformer chamber is provided with catalyst, and reformer chamber bottom and middle portion temperature are 350 DEG C ~ 409 DEG C; The temperature on described reformer chamber top is 400 DEG C ~ 570 DEG C; Reformer chamber is connected by connecting line with separation chamber; Temperature in described separation chamber is set as 400 DEG C ~ 570 DEG C;
Described catalyst comprises oxide, the oxide of Pd, the oxide of Cu, the oxide of Fe, the oxide of Zn, rare-earth oxide, the transition metal oxide of Pt; Wherein, precious metals pt content accounts for 0.6% ~ 1.8% of catalyst gross mass, Pd content accounts for 1.1% ~ 4% of catalyst gross mass, the oxide of Cu accounts for 6% ~ 12% of catalyst gross mass, the oxide of Fe accounts for 3% ~ 8% of catalyst gross mass, the oxide of Zn accounts for 8% ~ 20% of catalyst gross mass, and rare-earth oxide accounts for 6% ~ 40% of catalyst gross mass, and all the other are transition metal oxide;
Or described catalyst is copper-based catalysts, comprise material and mass fraction is: the CuO of 3-17 part, the ZrO of the ZnO of 3-18 part, 0.5-3 part, the Al of 55-80 part
2o
3, the CeO of 1-3 part
2, the La of 1-3 part
2o
3;
Described hydrogen gas generation device connects hydrogen producer, and the Partial DC electricity sent is delivered to hydrogen producer; Hydrogen producer drives electromagnetic heater to be reformer chamber, separation chamber's heating by oneself obtained direct current;
Described electromagnetic heater comprises the reformation cylinder body forming reformer chamber, the separation cylinder body forming separation chamber, be arranged at the first heater coil outside reformation cylinder body, the second heater coil that splitter cylinder is external, reformation cylinder body, temperature sensor, the pressure sensor be separated in cylinder body, and electromagnetic controller; Data Control first heater coil that electromagnetic controller senses according to temperature sensor, pressure sensor, the electric current of the second heater coil, can make reformer chamber, separation chamber reaches design temperature instantaneously;
Be provided with membrane separator in described separation chamber, obtain hydrogen from the aerogenesis end of membrane separator; The hydrogen that described hydrogen producer obtains is delivered to membrane separation device and is separated, and is more than or equal to 1.1MPa for separating of the difference of pressure inside and outside the membrane separation device of hydrogen;
Described membrane separation device is the membrane separation device at porous ceramic surface Vacuum Deposition palladium-silver, and film plating layer is palladium-silver, and the mass percent palladium of palladium-silver accounts for 75% ~ 78%, and silver accounts for 22% ~ 25%;
When system starts, prepare hydrogen by device for rapidly starting, the hydrogen prepared is delivered to the generating of hydrogen gas generation device; Then the electric energy sent is started hydrogen producer;
Described hydrogen producer also comprises electric energy estimation block, hydrogen prepares detection module, power storage module; Whether described electric energy estimation block can meet reformation in order to the electric energy estimated hydrogen gas generation device and send in real time, the electric energy of needs consumption when being separated; If met, then close device for rapidly starting;
Whether hydrogen is prepared detection module and is used for detecting the hydrogen prepared in real time of hydrogen producer and stablizes; If hydrogen prepared by hydrogen producer is unstable, then controls device for rapidly starting and again start, and the electric energy part obtained is stored in power storage module, use when electric energy is not enough to the consumption providing hydrogen producer.
A kind of preparing hydrogen from methanol steam electricity generation system, described system comprises: liquid container, raw material conveying device, hydrogen producer, membrane separation device, hydrogen gas generation device;
Described hydrogen producer comprises heat exchanger, vaporizer, reformer chamber; Membrane separation device is arranged in separation chamber;
First alcohol and water in described liquid container is delivered to heat exchanger heat exchange by raw material conveying device, enters vaporizer gasification after heat exchange; Methanol vapor after gasification and steam enter reformer chamber, and reformer chamber is provided with catalyst; Be provided with membrane separator in described separation chamber, obtain hydrogen from the aerogenesis end of membrane separator;
Described hydrogen gas generation device connects hydrogen producer, and the Partial DC electricity sent is delivered to hydrogen producer; Hydrogen producer drives electromagnetic heater to be reformer chamber, separation chamber's heating by oneself obtained direct current.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, described electromagnetic heater comprises the reformation cylinder body forming reformer chamber, the separation cylinder body forming separation chamber, be arranged at the first heater coil outside reformation cylinder body, the second heater coil that splitter cylinder is external, reformation cylinder body, temperature sensor, the pressure sensor be separated in cylinder body, and electromagnetic controller; Data Control first heater coil that electromagnetic controller senses according to temperature sensor, pressure sensor, the electric current of the second heater coil, can make reformer chamber, separation chamber reaches design temperature instantaneously.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, described membrane separation device is the membrane separation device at porous ceramic surface Vacuum Deposition palladium-silver, and film plating layer is palladium-silver, and the mass percent palladium of palladium-silver accounts for 75% ~ 78%, and silver accounts for 22% ~ 25%.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, described system also comprises solid hydrogen reservoir vessel, device for rapidly starting;
Described solid hydrogen reservoir vessel, liquid container are connected with hydrogen producer respectively; Liquid first alcohol and water is stored in liquid container;
By storing solid hydrogen in solid hydrogen reservoir vessel or/and device for rapidly starting provides the startup energy for hydrogen producer;
Store solid hydrogen in described solid hydrogen reservoir vessel, when hydrogen generating system starts, by gasification module, solid hydrogen is converted to gaseous hydrogen, gaseous hydrogen is the generating of hydrogen gas generation device, as the startup power supply of hydrogen producer;
Described device for rapidly starting comprises the first starting drive, the second starting drive; Described first starting drive comprises the first heating arrangements, the first gasification pipe, and the internal diameter of the first gasification pipe is 1 ~ 2mm, and the first gasification pipe is closely wound on the first heating arrangements; One end of described first gasification pipe connects liquid container, sends in the first gasification pipe by raw material conveying device by methyl alcohol; The other end of the first gasification pipe exports vaporized methyl alcohol, then by ignition mechanism ignition; Or the other end of the first gasification pipe exports vaporized methyl alcohol, and the methanol temperature exported reaches self-ignition point, directly spontaneous combustion after methyl alcohol exports from the first gasification pipe; Described second starting drive comprises the second gasification pipe, the main body of the second gasification pipe is arranged at described reformer chamber, first gasification pipe is or/and the methyl alcohol that the second gasification pipe exports is heat the second gasification pipe, by the methanol gasifying in the second gasification pipe while reformer chamber heats; Described reformer chamber inwall is provided with heating pipe line, is placed with catalyst in heating pipe line; Described device for rapidly starting is reformer chamber heating by the described heating pipe line of heating.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when system starts, prepare hydrogen by device for rapidly starting, the hydrogen prepared is delivered to the generating of hydrogen gas generation device; Then the electric energy sent is started hydrogen producer;
Described hydrogen producer also comprises electric energy estimation block, hydrogen prepares detection module, power storage module; Whether described electric energy estimation block can meet reformation in order to the electric energy estimated hydrogen gas generation device and send in real time, the electric energy of needs consumption when being separated; If met, then close device for rapidly starting;
Whether hydrogen is prepared detection module and is used for detecting the hydrogen prepared in real time of hydrogen producer and stablizes; If hydrogen prepared by hydrogen producer is unstable, then controls device for rapidly starting and again start, and the electric energy part obtained is stored in power storage module, use when electric energy is not enough to the consumption providing hydrogen producer.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the hydrogen that described hydrogen producer obtains is delivered to membrane separation device and is separated, and is more than or equal to 1.1MPa for separating of the difference of pressure inside and outside the membrane separation device of hydrogen.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, described raw material conveying device provides power, by the feedstock transportation in liquid container to hydrogen producer; Described raw material conveying device provides the pressure of 1.1 ~ 5MPa to raw material, and the hydrogen that hydrogen producer is obtained has enough pressure.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, reformer chamber bottom and middle portion temperature are 350 DEG C ~ 409 DEG C; The temperature on described reformer chamber top is 400 DEG C ~ 570 DEG C; Reformer chamber is connected by connecting line with separation chamber; Temperature in described separation chamber is set as 400 DEG C ~ 570 DEG C.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, described catalyst comprises oxide, the oxide of Pd, the oxide of Cu, the oxide of Fe, the oxide of Zn, rare-earth oxide, the transition metal oxide of Pt; Wherein, precious metals pt content accounts for 0.6% ~ 1.8% of catalyst gross mass, Pd content accounts for 1.1% ~ 4% of catalyst gross mass, the oxide of Cu accounts for 6% ~ 12% of catalyst gross mass, the oxide of Fe accounts for 3% ~ 8% of catalyst gross mass, the oxide of Zn accounts for 8% ~ 20% of catalyst gross mass, and rare-earth oxide accounts for 6% ~ 40% of catalyst gross mass, and all the other are transition metal oxide;
Or described catalyst is copper-based catalysts, comprise material and mass fraction is: the CuO of 3-17 part, the ZrO of the ZnO of 3-18 part, 0.5-3 part, the Al of 55-80 part
2o
3, the CeO of 1-3 part
2, the La of 1-3 part
2o
3.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: the preparing hydrogen from methanol steam electricity generation system that the present invention proposes, and can improve hydrogen production efficiency, thus improves generating efficiency.The direct current that the present invention utilizes electricity generation system to send, be directly hydrogen producer heating by the mode of Electromagnetic Heating, without the need to electric energy conversion, generating speed is fast.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the composition schematic diagram of preparing hydrogen from methanol steam electricity generation system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the operating diagram of Collection utilization subsystem.
Fig. 3 is the composition schematic diagram of air pressure adjustment subsystem of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the composition schematic diagram of hydrogen production units by carbinol.
Fig. 5 is the composition schematic diagram of the first starting drive.
Fig. 6 is the composition schematic diagram of fuel cell system of the present invention in embodiment four.
Embodiment
The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Embodiment one
Refer to Fig. 1, present invention is disclosed a kind of preparing hydrogen from methanol steam electricity generation system, described system comprises: hydrogen production units by carbinol 100, hydrogen gas generation device 200; Hydrogen production units by carbinol 100 comprises solid hydrogen reservoir vessel, device for rapidly starting, liquid container 10, raw material conveying device 50, hydrogen producer 20, electromagnetic heater 30.
Described hydrogen producer 20 comprises heat exchanger, vaporizer, reformer chamber, membrane separation device; Membrane separation device is arranged in separation chamber, and separation chamber is arranged at the top (also can in other positions, not shown) of reformer chamber.
Described hydrogen gas generation device connects hydrogen producer, and the Partial DC electricity sent is delivered to hydrogen producer; Hydrogen producer drives electromagnetic heater to be reformer chamber, separation chamber's heating by oneself obtained direct current.
Described electromagnetic heater comprises the reformation cylinder body forming reformer chamber, the separation cylinder body forming separation chamber, be arranged at the first heater coil outside reformation cylinder body, the second heater coil that splitter cylinder is external, reformation cylinder body, temperature sensor, the pressure sensor be separated in cylinder body, and electromagnetic controller; Data Control first heater coil that electromagnetic controller senses according to temperature sensor, pressure sensor, the electric current of the second heater coil, can make reformer chamber, separation chamber reaches design temperature instantaneously.
When system starts, prepare hydrogen by device for rapidly starting, the hydrogen prepared is delivered to the generating of hydrogen gas generation device; Then the electric energy sent is started hydrogen producer;
Described hydrogen producer also comprises electric energy estimation block, hydrogen prepares detection module, power storage module; Whether described electric energy estimation block can meet reformation in order to the electric energy estimated hydrogen gas generation device and send in real time, the electric energy of needs consumption when being separated; If met, then close device for rapidly starting;
Whether hydrogen is prepared detection module and is used for detecting the hydrogen prepared in real time of hydrogen producer and stablizes; If hydrogen prepared by hydrogen producer is unstable, then controls device for rapidly starting and again start, and the electric energy part obtained is stored in power storage module, use when electric energy is not enough to the consumption providing hydrogen producer.
Described solid hydrogen reservoir vessel, liquid container 10 are connected with hydrogen producer 20 respectively; Liquid first alcohol and water is stored in liquid container 10.
By storing solid hydrogen in solid hydrogen reservoir vessel or/and device for rapidly starting is or/and provide the startup energy for hydrogen producer.
When hydrogen generating system starts, by gasification module, solid hydrogen is converted to gaseous hydrogen, gaseous hydrogen is the generating of hydrogen gas generation device, as the startup power supply of hydrogen producer.
Solid hydrogen is stored in described solid hydrogen reservoir vessel, when hydrogen generating system starts, by gasification module, the solid hydrogen in solid hydrogen reservoir vessel is converted to gaseous hydrogen, gaseous hydrogen passes through combustion heat release, for hydrogen producer 20 provides startup heat energy, as the startup energy of hydrogen producer 20.Certainly, solid hydrogen reservoir vessel 80 is not necessaries of the present invention, can start hydrogen producer 20 by other energy.
Refer to Fig. 4, Fig. 5, described device for rapidly starting also can provide the startup energy for hydrogen producer; Described device for rapidly starting comprises the first starting drive 40, second starting drive 60.
The internal diameter that described first starting drive 40 comprises housing 41, first heating arrangements 42, first gasification pipe 43, first gasification pipe 43 is 1 ~ 2mm, and the first gasification pipe 43 is closely wound on the first heating arrangements 42; First heating arrangements 42 can be electrically heated rod, utilizes alternating current or storage battery, dry cell.
One end of described first gasification pipe 43 connects liquid container 10, and methyl alcohol is admitted in the first gasification pipe 43; The other end of the first gasification pipe 43 exports vaporized methyl alcohol, then by ignition mechanism ignition; Or the other end of the first gasification pipe 43 exports vaporized methyl alcohol, and the methanol temperature exported reaches self-ignition point, and methyl alcohol exports rear direct spontaneous combustion from the first gasification pipe 43.
Described second starting drive 60 comprises the second gasification pipe, and the main body of the second gasification pipe is arranged at described reformer chamber, and the second gasification pipe is reformer chamber heating (can also be the heating of other unit of hydrogen generating system).First gasification pipe 43 is or/and the methyl alcohol that the second gasification pipe exports is heat the second gasification pipe, by the methanol gasifying in the second gasification pipe while reformer chamber heats.
First, the methyl alcohol needing the first gasification pipe 43 to export heats the second gasification pipe, setting-up time after the methyl alcohol that the second gasification pipe can continue generation gasification, can select closedown first starting drive 40, and the methyl alcohol exported by the second gasification pipe is the second gasification pipe heating; The dependence to extra power can be reduced so further.
In order to improve the firing rate of hydrogen producer, being provided with heating pipe line at the reformer chamber inwall of described hydrogen producer 20, in heating pipe line, being placed with catalyst (as can by heating and temperature control at 380 DEG C ~ 480 DEG C); Described device for rapidly starting 40 is reformer chamber heating by the described heating pipe line of heating, can improve the efficiency of heating surface.After described hydrogen generating system starts, after the hydrogen gas generation that hydrogen generating system is obtained by hydrogen producer, provide the energy needed for operation; Now, device for rapidly starting can be closed.
In addition, in order to also can start up system when there is no other energy, the initial start energy of described device for rapidly starting is that some solar energy starts module, and solar energy starts module and comprises the solar panel, solar energy-electric energy change-over circuit, the solar cell that connect successively; Solar energy starts module provides electric energy for the first heating arrangements; Or the initial start energy of described device for rapidly starting is manual generator, manual generator by the power storage that sends in battery.
Described raw material conveying device 50 provides power, by the feedstock transportation in liquid container 10 to hydrogen producer 20; Described raw material conveying device 50 provides the pressure of 0.15 ~ 5MPa (as providing the pressure of 0.2MPa or 1.1MPa or 1.2MPa or 1.5MPa or 5MPa) to raw material, makes the obtained hydrogen of hydrogen producer 20 have enough pressure.
Methanol vapor after gasification and steam enter reformer chamber, and reformer chamber is provided with catalyst, and reformer chamber bottom and middle portion temperature are 350 DEG C ~ 409 DEG C; The temperature on described reformer chamber top is 400 DEG C ~ 570 DEG C; Reformer chamber is connected by connecting line with separation chamber; Temperature in described separation chamber is set as 400 DEG C ~ 570 DEG C;
Described reformer chamber is provided with catalyst, and catalyst comprises oxide, the oxide of Pd, the oxide of Cu, the oxide of Fe, the oxide of Zn, rare-earth oxide, the transition metal oxide of Pt.Wherein precious metals pt content accounts for 0.5% ~ 2% of catalyst gross mass, Pd content accounts for 1% ~ 5% of catalyst gross mass, the oxide of Cu accounts for 5% ~ 15% of catalyst gross mass, the oxide of Fe accounts for 2% ~ 10% of catalyst gross mass, the oxide of Zn accounts for 10% ~ 25% of catalyst gross mass, rare-earth oxide accounts for 5% ~ 45% of catalyst gross mass, and all the other are transition metal oxide.
Or described catalyst is copper-based catalysts, comprise material and mass fraction is: the CuO of 3-17 part, the ZrO of the ZnO of 3-18 part, 0.5-3 part, the Al of 55-80 part
2o
3, the CeO of 1-3 part
2, the La of 1-3 part
2o
3.As, copper-based catalysts comprises material and mass fraction is: the CuO of 10 parts, the ZnO of 10 parts, the ZrO of 2 parts, the Al of 60 parts
2o
3, the CeO of 2 parts
2, the La of 2 parts
2o
3.
The hydrogen that described hydrogen producer 20 obtains is delivered to membrane separation device 30 and is separated, and is more than or equal to 0.7MPa (as inside and outside membrane separation device 30, pressure is 0.7MPa or 1.1MPa or 1.2MPa or 1.5MPa or 5MPa) for separating of the difference of pressure inside and outside the membrane separation device 30 of hydrogen.In the present embodiment, described membrane separation device 30 is the membrane separation device at porous ceramic surface Vacuum Deposition palladium-silver, and film plating layer is palladium-silver, and the mass percent palladium of palladium-silver accounts for 75% ~ 78%, and silver accounts for 22% ~ 25%.
Obtained hydrogen is passed through transfer conduit real-time Transmission to hydrogen gas generating system by described hydrogen production units by carbinol; Described transfer conduit is provided with air pressure adjustment subsystem, for adjusting the air pressure in transfer conduit; The hydrogen gas generation that described hydrogen gas generating system utilizes hydrogen production units by carbinol obtained.In the present embodiment, described hydrogen gas generating system comprises fuel cell, and fuel cell comprises some sub-fuel cell modules, and each sub-fuel cell module comprises at least one super capacitor; Electric energy can be exported efficiently like this, and not need jumbo lithium battery.
In addition, preparing hydrogen, generating power system of the present invention also comprises air pressure adjustment subsystem 300, Collection utilization subsystem.As shown in Figure 3, described air pressure adjustment subsystem 300 comprises microprocessor 21, gas pressure sensor 22, valve positioner 23, air outlet valve 24, outlet pipe 25.Described gas pressure sensor 22 is arranged in transfer conduit, in order to respond to the barometric information in transfer conduit, and the barometric information of induction is sent to microprocessor 21; This barometric information received from gas pressure sensor 22 and setting threshold interval are compared by described microprocessor 21, and control the switch of air outlet valve 24 with this.When the pressure data received is higher than the maximum in setting threshold interval, air outlet valve setting-up time opened by microprocessor 21 by-pass valve control controller 23, makes air pressure in transfer conduit be in setting range.Preferably, one end of outlet pipe 25 connects air outlet valve 24, and the other end connects described hydrogen production units by carbinol 100, and the firing equipment (as reformer chamber) that needs being hydrogen production units by carbinol 100 by burning heats; When the pressure data received is lower than the minimum value in setting threshold interval, microprocessor 21 controls the transporting velocity that described hydrogen production units by carbinol 100 accelerates raw material, thus improves hydrogen manufacturing speed.
Described Collection utilization subsystem connects the Vent passageway of hydrogen gas generation device 200, from the gas of discharging, collect hydrogen, or utilizes the hydrogen collected for hydrogen production units by carbinol 100 or/and hydrogen gas generation device 200.As shown in Figure 2, described Collection utilization subsystem comprises hydrogen separator 401, hydrogen check-valves 402, the Vent passageway of hydrogen gas generation device 200 connects the entrance of hydrogen separator 401, is provided with hydrogen check-valves 402, prevents hydrogen from pouring in down a chimney in the pipeline that hydrogen separator 401 exit connects; Described hydrogen separator 401 is for separating of hydrogen and water.In addition, described Collection utilization subsystem also comprises hydrogen/oxygen separator, for separating of hydrogen and oxygen; Hydrogen/oxygen separator is arranged between described hydrogen gas generating system Vent passageway and hydrogen separator.
In the present embodiment, described Collection utilization subsystem also comprises oxygen separator 411, oxygen check valve 412, for collecting oxygen.The hydrogen that described Collection utilization subsystem 400 is collected and oxygen, for hydrogen production units by carbinol 100, also can be used for hydrogen gas generation device 200 to use.In addition, the oxygen collected can be deposited in setting container, for people's oxygen uptake; The water collected can be used for people to drink.
Because described Collection utilization subsystem comprises air-water separator (as above-mentioned hydrogen separator, oxygen separator), therefore water can be collected (than the also many several times of the moisture in raw material, because also containing hydrogen atom in methyl alcohol, water is obtained with oxygen reaction) after obtained hydrogen, water is delivered to hydrogen production units by carbinol 100, raw water can recycle, without the need to other interpolation.
Therefore, present system can collect the utilities such as hydrogen, oxygen, water from the residual air of hydrogen gas generating system, can improve the generating efficiency of system, simultaneously conservation (water).
Embodiment two
A kind of preparing hydrogen from methanol steam electricity generation system, described system comprises: liquid container, raw material conveying device, hydrogen producer, membrane separation device, hydrogen gas generation device.
Described hydrogen producer comprises heat exchanger, vaporizer, reformer chamber; Membrane separation device is arranged in separation chamber.
First alcohol and water in described liquid container is delivered to heat exchanger heat exchange by raw material conveying device, enters vaporizer gasification after heat exchange; Methanol vapor after gasification and steam enter reformer chamber, and reformer chamber is provided with catalyst; Be provided with membrane separator in described separation chamber, obtain hydrogen from the aerogenesis end of membrane separator.
Described hydrogen gas generation device connects hydrogen producer, and the Partial DC electricity sent is delivered to hydrogen producer; Hydrogen producer drives electromagnetic heater to be reformer chamber, separation chamber's heating by oneself obtained direct current.
Described electromagnetic heater comprises the reformation cylinder body forming reformer chamber, the separation cylinder body forming separation chamber, be arranged at the first heater coil outside reformation cylinder body, the second heater coil that splitter cylinder is external, reformation cylinder body, temperature sensor, the pressure sensor be separated in cylinder body, and electromagnetic controller; Data Control first heater coil that electromagnetic controller senses according to temperature sensor, pressure sensor, the electric current of the second heater coil, can make reformer chamber, separation chamber reaches design temperature instantaneously.
When system starts, prepare hydrogen by device for rapidly starting, the hydrogen prepared is delivered to the generating of hydrogen gas generation device; Then the electric energy sent is started hydrogen producer.
Described hydrogen producer also comprises electric energy estimation block, hydrogen prepares detection module, power storage module; Whether described electric energy estimation block can meet reformation in order to the electric energy estimated hydrogen gas generation device and send in real time, the electric energy of needs consumption when being separated; If met, then close device for rapidly starting.
Whether hydrogen is prepared detection module and is used for detecting the hydrogen prepared in real time of hydrogen producer and stablizes; If hydrogen prepared by hydrogen producer is unstable, then controls device for rapidly starting and again start, and the electric energy part obtained is stored in power storage module, use when electric energy is not enough to the consumption providing hydrogen producer.
Embodiment three
Preparing hydrogen from methanol steam electricity generation system of the present invention may be used in electric automobile, and electric automobile comprises preparing hydrogen from methanol steam electricity generation system, genemotor, vehicle frame etc.The composition of preparing hydrogen from methanol steam electricity generation system can explanation in reference example one.
In addition, described automobile can also comprise the second genemotor, energy storage units, kinetic energy converting unit, and kinetic energy converting unit, energy storage units, the second genemotor connect successively; Described kinetic energy converting unit by the power conversion of automobile brake be power storage in energy storage units, for the second genemotor provides electric energy.Described second genemotor also connects hydrogen gas generating system, by hydrogen gas generating system for the second genemotor provides the energy.Can be so electric energy by the stored energy of skidding consumption, thus effective energy savings.
Meanwhile, described automobile also comprises road environment induction module, allocation database, hydrogen distribution module; Hydrogen distribution module is connected with road environment induction module, allocation database respectively, is that each genemotor distributes corresponding hydrogen according to the data in the data of road environment induction module induction and allocation database.
Described road environment induction module is in order to respond to road congestion information, ground flat degree information; Road congestion information, according to automobile real-time speed, to accelerate, deceleration frequency, and determines down time; Ground flat degree information is determined according to the obliquity sensor that automobile chassis is arranged.
Some tables of data are stored in described allocation database, record in tables of data each road congestion information, ground flat degree information corresponding distribute the data (these data environmentally information can distribute different power to two genemotors, raise the efficiency) of hydrogen for genemotor, the second genemotor; In genemotor, the second genemotor one for driving trailing wheel or/and front-wheel (as trailing wheel), another for driving front-wheel or/and trailing wheel (as front-wheel and trailing wheel).So, more effectively can distribute kinetic energy to automobile, raise the efficiency, save the energy.
Embodiment four
The difference of the present embodiment and embodiment one is, in the present embodiment, refers to Fig. 6, and in the present embodiment, described hydrogen gas generation device 200 is fuel cell system, and fuel cell system comprises: gas supply device, pile 201; Described gas supply device utilizes the gas of compression as power, and automatic transport is in pile 201.
In the present embodiment, gas supply device is Compressed Gas feedway 202, and described Compressed Gas enters pile 201 after being delivered to a mixer 203, and one end of mixer 203 connects air; Natural air in the reaction of setting ratio inspiration pile, is regulated oxygen content by the power that Compressed Gas produces after entering mixer 203.
Described fuel cell system also comprises air intake conduit, outlet pipe, and air intake conduit, outlet pipe are all through humidification system 204.The gas of described compression is mainly oxygen (also can be air); Natural air and compressed oxygen enter pile 201 after mixer mixes.
Described fuel cell system also comprises gas regulating system, and gas regulating system is arranged in mixer 203; Described gas regulating system comprises valve regulated control device, and oxygen content transducer is or/and Compressed Gas compression ratio transducer.
The data sensed in order to respond to the content of oxygen in the air and oxygen that mix in mixer, and are sent to valve regulated control device by described oxygen content transducer.
The data sensed in order to the compression ratio of induced compression oxygen, and are sent to valve regulated control device by described Compressed Gas compression ratio transducer.
Described valve regulated control device or/and the induction result of Compressed Gas compression ratio transducer regulates oxygen infusion valve, air entrainment valve door, controls the conveying ratio (if natural air ratio can be 0-70%) of compressed oxygen, natural air according to oxygen content transducer; Mist is pushed to pile reaction by the power that compressed oxygen produces after entering mixer, utilizes natural air to do dilution decompression.
Described humidification system 204 comprises humidity exchanging container, humidity exchanges pipeline, and it is a part for air intake conduit that humidity exchanges pipeline; After described reaction, gas outlet pipe is delivered to humidity exchanging container.
The material that described humidity exchanges pipeline is only permeable airtight, makes to react rear gas and natural air carries out humidity exchange, and cannot circulate between gas.Humidity exchanges pipeline spiral in humidity exchanging container and arranges, and fully can carry out humidity exchange.
In sum, the preparing hydrogen from methanol steam electricity generation system that the present invention proposes, can improve hydrogen production efficiency, thus improves generating efficiency.The direct current that the present invention utilizes electricity generation system to send, be directly hydrogen producer heating by the mode of Electromagnetic Heating, without the need to electric energy conversion, generating speed is fast.
Here description of the invention and application is illustrative, not wants by scope restriction of the present invention in the above-described embodiments.Distortion and the change of embodiment disclosed are here possible, are known for the replacement of embodiment those those of ordinary skill in the art and the various parts of equivalence.Those skilled in the art are noted that when not departing from spirit of the present invention or substantive characteristics, the present invention can in other forms, structure, layout, ratio, and to realize with other assembly, material and parts.When not departing from the scope of the invention and spirit, can other distortion be carried out here to disclosed embodiment and change.
Claims (10)
1. a preparing hydrogen from methanol steam electricity generation system, is characterized in that, described system comprises: solid hydrogen reservoir vessel, device for rapidly starting, liquid container, raw material conveying device, hydrogen producer, membrane separation device, hydrogen gas generation device;
Described hydrogen producer comprises heat exchanger, vaporizer, reformer chamber; Membrane separation device is arranged in separation chamber, and separation chamber is arranged at the top of reformer chamber;
Described solid hydrogen reservoir vessel, liquid container are connected with hydrogen producer respectively; Liquid first alcohol and water is stored in liquid container;
By storing solid hydrogen in solid hydrogen reservoir vessel or/and device for rapidly starting provides the startup energy for hydrogen producer;
Store solid hydrogen in described solid hydrogen reservoir vessel, when hydrogen generating system starts, by gasification module, solid hydrogen is converted to gaseous hydrogen, gaseous hydrogen is the generating of hydrogen gas generation device, as the startup power supply of hydrogen producer;
Described device for rapidly starting comprises the first starting drive, the second starting drive; Described first starting drive comprises the first heating arrangements, the first gasification pipe, and the internal diameter of the first gasification pipe is 1 ~ 2mm, and the first gasification pipe is closely wound on the first heating arrangements; One end of described first gasification pipe connects liquid container, sends in the first gasification pipe by raw material conveying device by methyl alcohol; The other end of the first gasification pipe exports vaporized methyl alcohol, then by ignition mechanism ignition; Or the other end of the first gasification pipe exports vaporized methyl alcohol, and the methanol temperature exported reaches self-ignition point, directly spontaneous combustion after methyl alcohol exports from the first gasification pipe; Described second starting drive comprises the second gasification pipe, the main body of the second gasification pipe is arranged at described reformer chamber, first gasification pipe is or/and the methyl alcohol that the second gasification pipe exports is heat the second gasification pipe, by the methanol gasifying in the second gasification pipe while reformer chamber heats; Described reformer chamber inwall is provided with heating pipe line, is placed with catalyst in heating pipe line; Described device for rapidly starting is reformer chamber heating by the described heating pipe line of heating;
First alcohol and water in described liquid container is delivered to heat exchanger heat exchange by raw material conveying device, enters vaporizer gasification after heat exchange; Described raw material conveying device provides power, by the feedstock transportation in liquid container to hydrogen producer; Described raw material conveying device provides the pressure of 1.1 ~ 5MPa to raw material, and the hydrogen that hydrogen producer is obtained has enough pressure;
Methanol vapor after gasification and steam enter reformer chamber, and reformer chamber is provided with catalyst, and reformer chamber bottom and middle portion temperature are 350 DEG C ~ 409 DEG C; The temperature on described reformer chamber top is 400 DEG C ~ 570 DEG C; Reformer chamber is connected by connecting line with separation chamber; Temperature in described separation chamber is set as 400 DEG C ~ 570 DEG C;
Described catalyst comprises oxide, the oxide of Pd, the oxide of Cu, the oxide of Fe, the oxide of Zn, rare-earth oxide, the transition metal oxide of Pt; Wherein, precious metals pt content accounts for 0.6% ~ 1.8% of catalyst gross mass, Pd content accounts for 1.1% ~ 4% of catalyst gross mass, the oxide of Cu accounts for 6% ~ 12% of catalyst gross mass, the oxide of Fe accounts for 3% ~ 8% of catalyst gross mass, the oxide of Zn accounts for 8% ~ 20% of catalyst gross mass, and rare-earth oxide accounts for 6% ~ 40% of catalyst gross mass, and all the other are transition metal oxide;
Or described catalyst is copper-based catalysts, comprise material and mass fraction is: the CuO of 3-17 part, the ZrO of the ZnO of 3-18 part, 0.5-3 part, the Al of 55-80 part
2o
3, the CeO of 1-3 part
2, the La of 1-3 part
2o
3;
Described hydrogen gas generation device connects hydrogen producer, and the Partial DC electricity sent is delivered to hydrogen producer; Hydrogen producer drives electromagnetic heater to be reformer chamber, separation chamber's heating by oneself obtained direct current;
Described electromagnetic heater comprises the reformation cylinder body forming reformer chamber, the separation cylinder body forming separation chamber, be arranged at the first heater coil outside reformation cylinder body, the second heater coil that splitter cylinder is external, reformation cylinder body, temperature sensor, the pressure sensor be separated in cylinder body, and electromagnetic controller; Data Control first heater coil that electromagnetic controller senses according to temperature sensor, pressure sensor, the electric current of the second heater coil, can make reformer chamber, separation chamber reaches design temperature instantaneously;
Be provided with membrane separator in described separation chamber, obtain hydrogen from the aerogenesis end of membrane separator; The hydrogen that described hydrogen producer obtains is delivered to membrane separation device and is separated, and is more than or equal to 1.1MPa for separating of the difference of pressure inside and outside the membrane separation device of hydrogen;
Described membrane separation device is the membrane separation device at porous ceramic surface Vacuum Deposition palladium-silver, and film plating layer is palladium-silver, and the mass percent palladium of palladium-silver accounts for 75% ~ 78%, and silver accounts for 22% ~ 25%;
When system starts, prepare hydrogen by device for rapidly starting, the hydrogen prepared is delivered to the generating of hydrogen gas generation device; Then the electric energy sent is started hydrogen producer;
Described hydrogen producer also comprises electric energy estimation block, hydrogen prepares detection module, power storage module; Whether described electric energy estimation block can meet reformation in order to the electric energy estimated hydrogen gas generation device and send in real time, the electric energy of needs consumption when being separated; If met, then close device for rapidly starting;
Whether hydrogen is prepared detection module and is used for detecting the hydrogen prepared in real time of hydrogen producer and stablizes; If hydrogen prepared by hydrogen producer is unstable, then controls device for rapidly starting and again start, and the electric energy part obtained is stored in power storage module, use when electric energy is not enough to the consumption providing hydrogen producer.
2. a preparing hydrogen from methanol steam electricity generation system, is characterized in that, described system comprises: liquid container, raw material conveying device, hydrogen producer, membrane separation device, hydrogen gas generation device;
Described hydrogen producer comprises heat exchanger, vaporizer, reformer chamber; Membrane separation device is arranged in separation chamber;
First alcohol and water in described liquid container is delivered to heat exchanger heat exchange by raw material conveying device, enters vaporizer gasification after heat exchange; Methanol vapor after gasification and steam enter reformer chamber, and reformer chamber is provided with catalyst; Be provided with membrane separator in described separation chamber, obtain hydrogen from the aerogenesis end of membrane separator;
Described hydrogen gas generation device connects hydrogen producer, and the Partial DC electricity sent is delivered to hydrogen producer; Hydrogen producer drives electromagnetic heater to be reformer chamber, separation chamber's heating by oneself obtained direct current.
3. preparing hydrogen from methanol steam electricity generation system according to claim 2, is characterized in that:
Described electromagnetic heater comprises the reformation cylinder body forming reformer chamber, the separation cylinder body forming separation chamber, be arranged at the first heater coil outside reformation cylinder body, the second heater coil that splitter cylinder is external, reformation cylinder body, temperature sensor, the pressure sensor be separated in cylinder body, and electromagnetic controller; Data Control first heater coil that electromagnetic controller senses according to temperature sensor, pressure sensor, the electric current of the second heater coil, can make reformer chamber, separation chamber reaches design temperature instantaneously.
4. preparing hydrogen from methanol steam electricity generation system according to claim 2, is characterized in that:
Described membrane separation device is the membrane separation device at porous ceramic surface Vacuum Deposition palladium-silver, and film plating layer is palladium-silver, and the mass percent palladium of palladium-silver accounts for 75% ~ 78%, and silver accounts for 22% ~ 25%.
5. preparing hydrogen from methanol steam electricity generation system according to claim 2, is characterized in that:
Described system also comprises solid hydrogen reservoir vessel, device for rapidly starting;
Described solid hydrogen reservoir vessel, liquid container are connected with hydrogen producer respectively; Liquid first alcohol and water is stored in liquid container;
By storing solid hydrogen in solid hydrogen reservoir vessel or/and device for rapidly starting provides the startup energy for hydrogen producer;
Store solid hydrogen in described solid hydrogen reservoir vessel, when hydrogen generating system starts, by gasification module, solid hydrogen is converted to gaseous hydrogen, gaseous hydrogen is the generating of hydrogen gas generation device, as the startup power supply of hydrogen producer;
Described device for rapidly starting comprises the first starting drive, the second starting drive; Described first starting drive comprises the first heating arrangements, the first gasification pipe, and the internal diameter of the first gasification pipe is 1 ~ 2mm, and the first gasification pipe is closely wound on the first heating arrangements; One end of described first gasification pipe connects liquid container, sends in the first gasification pipe by raw material conveying device by methyl alcohol; The other end of the first gasification pipe exports vaporized methyl alcohol, then by ignition mechanism ignition; Or the other end of the first gasification pipe exports vaporized methyl alcohol, and the methanol temperature exported reaches self-ignition point, directly spontaneous combustion after methyl alcohol exports from the first gasification pipe; Described second starting drive comprises the second gasification pipe, the main body of the second gasification pipe is arranged at described reformer chamber, first gasification pipe is or/and the methyl alcohol that the second gasification pipe exports is heat the second gasification pipe, by the methanol gasifying in the second gasification pipe while reformer chamber heats; Described reformer chamber inwall is provided with heating pipe line, is placed with catalyst in heating pipe line; Described device for rapidly starting is reformer chamber heating by the described heating pipe line of heating.
6. preparing hydrogen from methanol steam electricity generation system according to claim 2, is characterized in that:
When system starts, prepare hydrogen by device for rapidly starting, the hydrogen prepared is delivered to the generating of hydrogen gas generation device; Then the electric energy sent is started hydrogen producer;
Described hydrogen producer also comprises electric energy estimation block, hydrogen prepares detection module, power storage module; Whether described electric energy estimation block can meet reformation in order to the electric energy estimated hydrogen gas generation device and send in real time, the electric energy of needs consumption when being separated; If met, then close device for rapidly starting;
Whether hydrogen is prepared detection module and is used for detecting the hydrogen prepared in real time of hydrogen producer and stablizes; If hydrogen prepared by hydrogen producer is unstable, then controls device for rapidly starting and again start, and the electric energy part obtained is stored in power storage module, use when electric energy is not enough to the consumption providing hydrogen producer.
7. preparing hydrogen from methanol steam electricity generation system according to claim 2, is characterized in that:
The hydrogen that described hydrogen producer obtains is delivered to membrane separation device and is separated, and is more than or equal to 1.1MPa for separating of the difference of pressure inside and outside the membrane separation device of hydrogen.
8. preparing hydrogen from methanol steam electricity generation system according to claim 2, is characterized in that:
Described raw material conveying device provides power, by the feedstock transportation in liquid container to hydrogen producer; Described raw material conveying device provides the pressure of 1.1 ~ 5MPa to raw material, and the hydrogen that hydrogen producer is obtained has enough pressure.
9. preparing hydrogen from methanol steam electricity generation system according to claim 2, is characterized in that:
Reformer chamber bottom and middle portion temperature are 350 DEG C ~ 409 DEG C; The temperature on described reformer chamber top is 400 DEG C ~ 570 DEG C; Reformer chamber is connected by connecting line with separation chamber; Temperature in described separation chamber is set as 400 DEG C ~ 570 DEG C.
10. preparing hydrogen from methanol steam electricity generation system according to claim 2, is characterized in that:
Described catalyst comprises oxide, the oxide of Pd, the oxide of Cu, the oxide of Fe, the oxide of Zn, rare-earth oxide, the transition metal oxide of Pt; Wherein, precious metals pt content accounts for 0.6% ~ 1.8% of catalyst gross mass, Pd content accounts for 1.1% ~ 4% of catalyst gross mass, the oxide of Cu accounts for 6% ~ 12% of catalyst gross mass, the oxide of Fe accounts for 3% ~ 8% of catalyst gross mass, the oxide of Zn accounts for 8% ~ 20% of catalyst gross mass, and rare-earth oxide accounts for 6% ~ 40% of catalyst gross mass, and all the other are transition metal oxide;
Or described catalyst is copper-based catalysts, comprise material and mass fraction is: the CuO of 3-17 part, the ZrO of the ZnO of 3-18 part, 0.5-3 part, the Al of 55-80 part
2o
3, the CeO of 1-3 part
2, the La of 1-3 part
2o
3.
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Application publication date: 20151118 |