CN105315111A - Rhizosphere fertilizer - Google Patents
Rhizosphere fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN105315111A CN105315111A CN201510877942.2A CN201510877942A CN105315111A CN 105315111 A CN105315111 A CN 105315111A CN 201510877942 A CN201510877942 A CN 201510877942A CN 105315111 A CN105315111 A CN 105315111A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rhizosphere fertilizer. The rhizosphere fertilizer is prepared from chitosan, hymatomelanic acid, ammonium bicarbonate, nitric acid, butylene diurea, ammonium polyphosphate and potassium nitrate. The rhizosphere fertilizer has the effects of reducing the activities of available nutrient ions and reducing damages to crop seed germination and roots and can exist around the roots for a long time, thus reducing nutrient losses.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of chemical fertilizer, in particular to a kind of rhizosphere fertilizer.
Background technology
Current China chemical fertilizer utilization ratio is too low, on average only has 30% ~ 35%, and the chemical fertilizer of waste not only causes huge financial loss and also brings serious pollution of area source and food-safety problem.The utilization ratio improving chemical fertilizer has great importance for reducing agriculture production cost and protection of the environment and improving people's life health level.The main method improving chemical fertilizer utilization ratio uses slow controlled release class fertilizer, and in use there is following problem in current common slow controlled release class fertilizer: 1. the in the initial stage of that nutrient supply is inadequate, farm crop are when early growth period needs a large amount of nutrient, and slow controlled release class fertilizer nutrient supply is inadequate easily causes crop early growth limited; 2. need moisture to carry out nutrient transport as medium: because slow controlled release class Term Fertilization needs are isolated with seed or young root, water is needed to transmit as medium, if moisture excessive or too small time all cannot ensure that nutrient supply is to crop root completely, and cause nutrient loss or cause nutrient cannot supply plant growth, such as at arid region, because chemical fertilizer granule is away from seed or root system, and when not having water or moisture less, cannot transport nutrient and arrive root system, crop then cannot normal growth; 3., because chemical fertilizer granule is away from root system, only have part to reach root system during the diffusion of nutrient solid, loss amount is larger.Common chemical fertilizer to exist especially close to kind of root and easily burns root and burn seedling, away from kind of root, lose serious problem.Chemical fertilizer granule is applied directly within the scope of rhizosphere, it is the good measure solving slow controlled release class fertilizer and common chemical fertilizer Problems existing that root table cell directly contacts nutrient, this can reduce chemical fertilizer loss, increases operation rate, also can fast for plant growth provides nutrient.If but chemical fertilizer is applied directly in the short range of crop root, easily cause at plant growth initial stage or sustained-controll-release fertiliser nutrients release high-incidence season and burn root burning seedling.Therefore, prepare a kind of controlled availability fertilizer that can be applied in crop root short range the high utilization rate not burning root burning seedling and there is positive effect.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of rhizosphere fertilizer, this rhizosphere fertilizer can be applied directly in crop root short range, also soil is dropped into together with after can mixing with seed, root can not be burnt and burn seedling, while improving utilization rate of fertilizer, reducing the loss, Quick supplies nutrient needed for plant growth.
To achieve these goals, the present invention takes following technical scheme:
A kind of rhizosphere fertilizer, be made up by weight ratio of following raw material: chitosan 80 ~ 100 parts, ulmic acid 150 ~ 200 parts, 300 ~ 400 parts, bicarbonate of ammonia, 200 ~ 250 parts, nitric acid, butylene pitch two urea 200 ~ 300 parts, ammonium polyphosphate 400 ~ 500 parts, 150 ~ 200 parts, saltpetre, the polymerization degree of described ammonium polyphosphate is 10 ~ 16, the polymerization degree preferably 12.
Preferably, the weight proportion of above-mentioned raw materials is: chitosan 90 parts, ulmic acid 180 parts, 350 parts, bicarbonate of ammonia, 225 parts, nitric acid, butylene pitch two urea 275 parts, ammonium polyphosphate 450 parts, 170 parts, saltpetre.
Above-mentioned rhizosphere fertilizer can be prepared by the following method: first by the ammonium polyphosphate of described weight with chitosan is water-soluble makes the solution that massfraction is 28 ~ 32%, with nitric acid, pH value of solution is adjusted to 5.8 ~ 6.2, remaining nitric acid is saved backup, then solution be heated to 36 ~ 38 DEG C and add the saltpetre of described weight, reaction terminating obtains mixture A; The ulmic acid of described weight be crushed to more than fineness 500 order and join in remaining nitric acid, reaction terminating obtains mixture B; The bicarbonate of ammonia of described weight is joined reaction terminating in mixture B and obtain mixture C; Join in mixture C by mixture A, the butylene adding more than fineness 300 order after reaction terminating pitches two ureas, pours tablets press into and carry out dehydration granulation and namely obtain this rhizosphere fertilizer after stirring.
The present invention has following advantage:; 1, the coordination function of ammonium polyphosphate and chitosan is utilized to be combined with metal ions such as potassium ions, ulmic acid is combined with ammonium ion with nitric acid reaction product, these ions a large amount of dissociating in the soil solution is avoided to cause burning seedling, simultaneously butylene pitch two ureas can slow releasing nitrogen nutrient, so this product can directly be applied to crop root or after puddling with seed together with apply farmland, and can not seed germination and crop root be damaged, dramatically saves on artificial and plantation labor capacity; 2. the rhizosphere fertilizer that the present invention obtains directly is applied to contact root system, fast for plant growth provides nutrient, can decrease the transport pathway of nutrient and the restriction of other factors, and can prevent the generation of soil-borne disease; 3, adopt nitric acid to carry out twice decomposition activation to tailing material ulmic acid, both improve its activity, also achieved refuse reclamation; 4, available nutrient ion is retained within the scope of crop rhizosphere by chelating by this product, decreases outside loss, improves utilization ratio, extend fertilizer efficiency period.
Embodiment
This rhizosphere fertilizer of embodiment 1 formula 1:
Chitosan 80 parts, ulmic acid 150 parts, 300 parts, bicarbonate of ammonia, 200 parts, nitric acid, butylene pitch two urea 200 parts, ammonium polyphosphate 400 parts, 150 parts, saltpetre, and the polymerization degree of ammonium polyphosphate is 10.
This rhizosphere fertilizer of embodiment 2 formula 2:
Chitosan 100 parts, ulmic acid 200 parts, 400 parts, bicarbonate of ammonia, 250 parts, nitric acid, butylene pitch two urea 300 parts, ammonium polyphosphate 500 parts, 200 parts, saltpetre, and the polymerization degree of ammonium polyphosphate is 16.
This rhizosphere fertilizer of embodiment 3 formula 3:
Chitosan 90 parts, ulmic acid 180 parts, 350 parts, bicarbonate of ammonia, 225 parts, nitric acid, butylene pitch two urea 275 parts, ammonium polyphosphate 450 parts, 170 parts, saltpetre, and the polymerization degree of ammonium polyphosphate is 12.
This rhizosphere fertilizer of embodiment 4 formula 4:
Chitosan 100 parts, ulmic acid 180 parts, 380 parts, bicarbonate of ammonia, 220 parts, nitric acid, butylene pitch two urea 280 parts, ammonium polyphosphate 460 parts, 190 parts, saltpetre.
The preparation method of embodiment 5 embodiment 1-4
First by the ammonium polyphosphate of described weight with chitosan is water-soluble makes the solution that massfraction is 28 ~ 32%, as made 28%, one of 30%, 32% isoconcentration, is then adjusted to 5.8 ~ 6.2 with nitric acid by pH value of solution, if pH value is 5.8,6.0,6.2 etc., then be heated to 36 ~ 38 DEG C, as 36 DEG C, 37.5 DEG C, 38 DEG C, remaining nitric acid is for subsequent use, dropped into by saltpetre in solution and stir 1 ~ 2 hour, question response obtains mixture A to solution clarification; Ulmic acid is crushed to more than fineness 500 order, the ulmic acid after pulverizing is put in remaining nitric acid, stirs while adding, continue stirring 30 minutes after question response stops, obtain mixture B; The bicarbonate of ammonia of described weight is joined in mixture B, stirs while adding, continue after reaction terminating to be stirred to and be cooled to room temperature, obtain mixture C; Join in mixture C by mixture A, stir while adding, the butylene adding more than fineness 300 order after reaction terminating pitches two ureas, pours tablets press into and carry out dehydration granulation and namely obtain this rhizosphere fertilizer after stirring.
The result of use that embodiment 6 the present invention and seed are manured into soil after puddling
1, proof test:
For embodiment 1, place is on farm, Nenjiang, Heilongjiang Province.Rhizosphere fertilizer 25kg/ mu obtained for embodiment 1 and soybean seeds are puddled evenly, is sown in farmland with machine.
2, simultaneous test:
Farm, Nenjiang, place Heilongjiang Province, condition is consistent with proof test.Common compound fertilizer material identical for the rhizosphere fertilizer that 30kg/ mu nutrient formula is obtained with embodiment 1 and soybean seeds are puddled evenly, is sown in farmland with machine.
3, result:
Use chemical fertilizer to observe afterwards for 25 days: proof test field soybean emerges neatly; Simultaneous test plot soybean missing seedling rate reaches 69%, and soybean shoot root system is subject to serious burn.Illustrate that using rhizosphere fertilizer that the present invention obtains does not damage the young root growth of soybean and seed germination.
Embodiment 7 the present invention promotes the result of use of seedling growth of corn
1, proof test:
For embodiment 2, place is in Xinzheng City of Henan Province, and this rhizosphere fertilizer 40kg/ mu and corn seed are puddled evenly and apply farmland, the later stage no longer imposes other fertilizer.
2, simultaneous test:
Place is in Xinzheng City of Henan Province, and condition is consistent with proof test, by coated fertilizer 40kg/ mu identical for rhizosphere fertilizer obtained for nutrient formula and embodiment 2 with apply farmland, wherein the distance of seed and chemical fertilizer granule is not less than 8cm, and the later stage no longer imposes other fertilizer.
3, result:
Plant after 25 days, the growing way of observation maize seedling: the average plant height 17.4cm of proof test water maize seedling 20 strain; Simultaneous test maize seedling plant height 9.8cm.Illustrate that rhizosphere fertilizer that the present invention obtains can provide nutrition in seedling stage for corn sooner than general coated fertilizer, be more conducive to seedling growth of corn.
The result of use of embodiment 8 combating drought and raising yields of the present invention
1, proof test:
For embodiment 3, place is in Tongliao City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, and during maize planting, whole post-trenching of raking is ploughed in soil, and rhizosphere fertilizer the present invention obtained is sprinkled in ditch by 50kg/ mu, then corn seed is sprinkled into earthing after in ditch, and the later stage no longer imposes chemical fertilizer.
2, simultaneous test:
Place is in Tongliao City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, condition is consistent with proof test, during maize planting, whole post-trenching of raking is ploughed in soil, common fertilizer identical for the rhizosphere fertilizer that nutrient formula is obtained with embodiment 3 is sprinkled in ditch by 50kg/ mu, earthing 5cm, then corn seed is sprinkled into earthing after in ditch, typhon mouth phase and tasseling stage respectively impose the urea of 20kg/ mu again.
3, result:
Tongliao City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region maize sown area is comparatively large, but the main growing area in this city all exists the problem of lack of water spring drought, and soil is sandy soil, leaks Lous seriously fertile, need repeatedly to topdress and seedling stage lack of water fertilizer deficiency serious.Because the burning seedling problem of common chemical fertilizer, so need earthing 5cm., observe after 15 days in emergence of corn: the average plant height 14.8cm of proof test plot corn 50 strain, the average plant height 11.3cm of simultaneous test plot corn 50 strain, and it is uneven to emerge; During results, checking mealie position, plot leaf is still dark green, not de-fertile, per mu yield 773kg, the yellow of mealie position, simultaneous test plot leaf, per mu yield 652kg.Illustrate that using the rhizosphere fertilizer that the present invention obtains both can save manually, can save again chemical fertilizer and drop into, and obtain higher output.
The result of use that embodiment 9 the present invention is disease-resistant to cucumber production promoting
1, proof test:
For embodiment 4, place at Yunnan Province's Yuxi, by soil plough rake whole after, carry out out cave according to normal spacing in the rows, rhizosphere fertilizer the present invention obtained is spreaded manuer in holes according to 60kg/ mu, is placed on by the cucumber seedling of transplanting on this rhizosphere fertilizer, after carry out earthing.
2, simultaneous test:
Place is at Yunnan Province's Yuxi, condition is consistent with proof test, by soil plough rake whole after, cave is carried out out according to normal spacing in the rows, earthing 4cm after coated fertilizer identical for the rhizosphere fertilizer that nutrient formula is obtained with embodiment 4 is spreaded manuer in holes according to 60kg/ mu, the cucumber seedling of transplanting is placed on this rhizosphere fertilizer, after carry out earthing.
3, result:
Cucumber emerges and observes for latter 20 days: proof test plot cucumber seedling rate 98%, and dig root find root system do not burnt, simultaneous test plot cucumber seedling rate 75%; Rear statistics per mu yield has been gathered in the crops: checking plot output 8.476 tons/mu, 6.954 tons/mu, simultaneous test plot cucumber; Checking plot cucumber is encroached on by blight whole vegetative period, and contrast plot occurs that blight is encroached on.
More than test shows, this rhizosphere fertilizer can directly be applied to crop root completely or after puddling with seed together with use, and can not seed germination and crop young root be damaged, save labor of fertilizer application power greatly, and improve chemical fertilizer utilization ratio, to plant growth and output and disease-resistantly also there is unusual effect.
Claims (4)
1. a rhizosphere fertilizer, be made up by weight ratio of following raw material: chitosan 80 ~ 100 parts, ulmic acid 150 ~ 200 parts, 300 ~ 400 parts, bicarbonate of ammonia, 200 ~ 250 parts, nitric acid, butylene pitch two urea 200 ~ 300 parts, ammonium polyphosphate 400 ~ 500 parts, 150 ~ 200 parts, saltpetre, the polymerization degree of described ammonium polyphosphate is 10 ~ 16.
2. rhizosphere fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that the weight proportion of described raw material is: chitosan 90 parts, ulmic acid 180 parts, 350 parts, bicarbonate of ammonia, 225 parts, nitric acid, butylene pitch two urea 275 parts, ammonium polyphosphate 450 parts, 170 parts, saltpetre.
3. rhizosphere fertilizer according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that the polymerization degree of described ammonium polyphosphate is 12.
4. rhizosphere fertilizer according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that preparing by the following method: first by the ammonium polyphosphate of described weight with chitosan is water-soluble makes the solution that massfraction is 28 ~ 32%, with nitric acid, pH value of solution is adjusted to 5.8 ~ 6.2, remaining nitric acid is saved backup, then solution be heated to 36 ~ 38 DEG C and add the saltpetre of described weight, reaction terminating obtains mixture A; The ulmic acid of described weight be crushed to more than fineness 500 order and join in remaining nitric acid, reaction terminating obtains mixture B; Joined in mixture B by the bicarbonate of ammonia of described weight, reaction terminating obtains mixture C; Join in mixture C by mixture A, the butylene adding more than fineness 300 order after reaction terminating pitches two ureas, pours tablets press into and carry out dehydration granulation and namely obtain this rhizosphere fertilizer after stirring.
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| CN201510877942.2A CN105315111B (en) | 2015-12-04 | 2015-12-04 | A kind of rhizosphere fertilizer |
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| CN201510877942.2A CN105315111B (en) | 2015-12-04 | 2015-12-04 | A kind of rhizosphere fertilizer |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU2006207886A1 (en) * | 2005-09-27 | 2007-04-19 | John Pashai | Fertiliser |
| CN104496608A (en) * | 2014-12-29 | 2015-04-08 | 深圳市芭田生态工程股份有限公司 | Ammonium polyphosphate chelate fertilizer as well as preparation method and application thereof |
| CN104628467A (en) * | 2015-01-26 | 2015-05-20 | 张彬 | Long-acting water-soluble fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN104788170A (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2015-07-22 | 姜明光 | Weak alkaline slow-release compound fertilizer and silicon-based weak alkaline slow-release compound microbial fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN104909959A (en) * | 2015-06-01 | 2015-09-16 | 张彬 | Soil conditioner |
-
2015
- 2015-12-04 CN CN201510877942.2A patent/CN105315111B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU2006207886A1 (en) * | 2005-09-27 | 2007-04-19 | John Pashai | Fertiliser |
| CN104496608A (en) * | 2014-12-29 | 2015-04-08 | 深圳市芭田生态工程股份有限公司 | Ammonium polyphosphate chelate fertilizer as well as preparation method and application thereof |
| CN104628467A (en) * | 2015-01-26 | 2015-05-20 | 张彬 | Long-acting water-soluble fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN104788170A (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2015-07-22 | 姜明光 | Weak alkaline slow-release compound fertilizer and silicon-based weak alkaline slow-release compound microbial fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN104909959A (en) * | 2015-06-01 | 2015-09-16 | 张彬 | Soil conditioner |
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