CN105312679B - Three-D ultrasonic elliptical vibration auxiliary cutting device and elliptical orbit production method - Google Patents
Three-D ultrasonic elliptical vibration auxiliary cutting device and elliptical orbit production method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of three-D ultrasonic elliptical vibration auxiliary cutting device and its elliptical orbit production method, belong to digital control processing field.The device piezoelectric ceramic piece, electrode slice, double nuts structure, connecting shaft, vibration frequency micro actuator on multiaxis flexible hinge, base, cutter pre-loading screw, attachment screw, tri- directions of pedestal and X, Y and Z are constituted.Multiaxis flexible hinge is made up of three orthogonal subchains and cutter mounting frame, two structure identical set orientation different the first flexible hinge unit and the second flexible hinge unit are offered in each subchain, cutter is fixed on cutter mounting frame, by in X, piezoelectric ceramics produces displacement input in each subchain on tri- directions of Y and Z, in three directions after displacement equations and superposition, drive elliptical trajectory of the multiaxis flexible hinge in generation three dimensions at tool nose, the present invention has apparatus structure simple, each input decoupling mutually, easily generate three-dimensional elliptical movement locus, it can facilitate and be directly integrated progress auxiliary Precision Machining with Digit Control Machine Tool.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to digital control processing field, more particularly to three-D ultrasonic elliptical vibration auxiliary cutting device and elliptical orbit
Production method field.
Background technology
With the fast development of accurate and Ultraprecision Machining, elliptical vibration cutting reduces cutting force, raising due to it
The advantages of crudy, supression Work-piece burr produce, increase cutter life, has received significant attention.In view of to high-accuracy zero
The crudy of part requires more and more higher, and the machined surface quality that scholars just further improve elliptical vibration cutting have devised
The method of a variety of elliptical vibration cuttings and supporting vibration cutting device.Research, which is indicated during three-dimensional elliptical vibrocutting is, most to be had
A kind of auxiliary free form surface Precision Machining of development prospect and the method for arbitrary shape micro-nano texture machining.In elliptical vibration
Cutting, especially three-dimensional elliptical vibration assisted machining, with raising machined surface quality, reduce cutting heat and cutting force, suppression
The advantages of tool wear, research indicates a kind of cutting process most promising during three-dimensional elliptical vibrocutting is, so
A kind of three-dimensional elliptical vibration auxiliary cutting device is designed to be very important.
Patent (CN102059575A) and patent (CN102371359A) and other mention diamond cutter three-dimensional elliptical
The patent of movement generation method and its device, although elliptical orbit can be generated, the device of most of design exist with
Under several major defects：(1) device processing efficiency is low, it is difficult to cut into machining within a certain period of time；(2) ellipse of generation
All there is limitation in geometric locus and piezoelectric stack used；(3) it can not be finely tuned at blade contact point, the parameter of device adjustment
It is limited, without generality；(4) flexible hinge structure is only used as elastic recovery element, without displacement enlargement, relies only on piezoelectricity
Stack as displacement output source, and the structure of some devices design is more complicated, the three-dimensional elliptical existed now in summary
Also there are many problems in vibration cutting device and machining method method.
To overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, three directions that current three-dimensional elliptical vibration auxiliary cutting device is present are solved
Vibration coupling, processing efficiency are low, the problems such as can not adjust the parameter of topping machanism, design a kind of three-dimensional elliptical vibrocutting dress
Put, the device is by cutter pre-loading screw, on the knife rest that cutter is fixed on to flexible hinge structure composition, by installed in X, Y
The electric energy of input is changed into mechanical energy with the piezoelectric ceramics on tri- directions of Z in connecting shaft and realizes that displacement is exported, multiaxis is driven
The subchain of flexible hinge produces micro-displacement in three directions, and flexible hinge is carried out after displacement equations and superposition, blade contact
Elliptical trajectory in point output three dimensions.Multiaxis flexible hinge is by subchain and knife rest structure on tri- directions of X, Y and Z
Into there is the subchain on three directions arrangement in equal length and structural arrangement form, each subchain can change direction of displacement
Vibration coupling effect can be eliminated between two orthogonal hinge arrangement units of amplification, therefore each subchain, multiaxis
The flexible hinge unit that both direction is mutually perpendicular to foundation triangle amplification principle is designed in each subchain of flexible hinge, changes position
Output and input direction are moved, multi-direction displacement output is formed, also with function of displacement amplification, is conducive to processing efficiency to improve, when
Cutter during machining, can export larger displacement under high frequency environment, it is ensured that machining efficiency, by controlling three piezoelectricity
The amplitude of sine wave drive signal, frequency and initial phase on ceramics, adjustment vibration frequency micro actuator and double nuts structure, can be adjusted
Entire signal parameter and device parameter, so as to control to produce three-dimensional elliptical movement locus.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention, is to provide a kind of three-D ultrasonic elliptical vibration auxiliary cutting device and elliptical orbit generation side
Method, it is possible to resolve the generation problem of three-D ultrasonic elliptical vibration track.
In order to reach above-mentioned purpose, solution of the invention is：
A kind of three-D ultrasonic elliptical vibration auxiliary cutting device, it is characterised in that：Three-D ultrasonic elliptical vibration auxiliary is cut
Turning device includes multiaxis flexible hinge, base, diamond cutter, diamond cutter pre-loading screw, pedestal；Above-mentioned multiaxis flexible hinge
Chain is overall structure, and it is made up of three orthogonal rectangular subchains together that intersect at, and intersection is according to processing knife
Tool installation dimension processes cutter mounting frame；Diamond cutter is installed on the cutter mounting frame by diamond cutter pre-loading screw
On；Define XYZ coordinate system, wherein origin of coordinates O for the axis of above three subchain joining, on X, Y, Z axis direction is
State the axis direction of three subchains；Above three subchain is referred to as X-direction subchain, Y direction subchain, Z-direction
Chain；Above-mentioned base is overall structure, and it is made up of three orthogonal walls intersected at together, above three wall difference
Referred to as YZ walls, XZ walls, XY walls；Wherein YZ walls are corresponding with the input of X-direction subchain, and sub with X-direction
Chain is perpendicular；XZ walls are corresponding with the input of Y direction subchain, and perpendicular with Y direction subchain；XY walls and Z axis
The input of direction subchain is corresponding, and perpendicular with Z-direction subchain；Each subchain of multiaxis flexible hinge and corresponding wall
Between by connecting shaft be connected；And by connecting shaft respectively by the first piezoelectric ceramics, first electrode piece, the second piezoelectric ceramics,
Second electrode piece, double nut are installed between the subchain input and corresponding wall inner side successively；In addition, on the outside of the wall
An also vibration frequency micro actuator is connected with being connected shaft end；Above-mentioned base is fixed on the pedestal by one of wall
On；In four sides for defining X-direction subchain, two sides parallel with Z axis are referred to as first surface, the 3rd surface,
Two sides parallel with Y-axis are referred to as second surface, the 4th surface；Four sides of Y direction subchain are defined, with X-axis
Two parallel sides are referred to as first surface, the 3rd surface, two sides parallel with Z axis be referred to as second surface,
4th surface；In four sides for defining Z-direction subchain, two sides parallel with Y-axis are referred to as first surface, the 3rd
Surface, two sides parallel with X-axis are referred to as second surface, the 4th surface；Each subchain of above-mentioned multiaxis flexible hinge
On offer two structure identical set orientation different the first flexible hinge unit and the second flexible hinge unit；Wherein
One flexible hinge unit compares the second flexible hinge unit closer to coordinate O points；First flexible hinge unit includes being located at subchain
First groove, the second groove of first surface, and the 3rd groove, the 4th groove positioned at the surface of subchain the 3rd, above-mentioned groove are equal
Perpendicular to place subchain；Also include the first I-shaped groove through second surface and the 4th surface；By the first I-shaped ditch
Groove is considered as A strips through hole, B strips through hole, the combining structure of C strip through holes, and wherein A strips through hole is parallel with B strip through holes, C
Strip through hole is perpendicular to A strips through hole, B strip through holes；Above-mentioned first groove, second groove and the 3rd groove, the 4th groove are along C
Strip through hole is symmetrical, and first groove, the 3rd groove and A strips through hole are located on the cross section of same subchain, the second ditch
Groove, the 4th groove and B strips through hole are located on the cross section of same subchain.Second flexible hinge unit includes being located at subchain the
5th groove, the 6th groove and the 7th groove, the 8th groove positioned at the surface of subchain the 4th on two surfaces, above-mentioned groove are vertical
In place subchain；Also include the second I-shaped groove through first surface and the 3rd surface；The second I-shaped groove is regarded
For D strips through hole, E strips through hole, F strip through holes combining structure, wherein D strips through hole is parallel with E strip through holes, F strips
Through hole is perpendicular to D strips through hole, E strip through holes；Above-mentioned 5th groove, the 6th groove and the 7th groove, the 8th groove are along F strips
Through hole is symmetrical, and above-mentioned 5th groove, the 7th groove and D strips through hole are located on the cross section of same subchain, the 6th groove, the
Eight grooves and E strips through hole are located on the cross section of same subchain.
In above-mentioned subchain, when inputting subchain by displacement that piezoelectric ceramic piece is produced, the first flexible hinge unit and second soft
Property hinge-unit can form with triangular displacement amplification principle to be reduced to four bar hinge arrangements, in four simplified bar hinges
The bar that beginning effect is removed in fetch bit in structure is fix bar, and relative turn will occur for other components for the hinge being connected with fix bar
Dynamic, the rotational angle of generation is α, causes the bar displacement relative with fix bar to export in four simplified bar hinge arrangements, displacement
Outbound course and input displacement direction are angled, due to flexible hinge geometry designs size and the limitation of the material of selection, phase
It is general within 1 degree to the rotational angle of generation, therefore, displacement equations are produced on the displacement outbound course, multiplication factor is
Cot α, now displacement input is exported not in the same direction with displacement.When each adjacent bar of four simplified bar hinge arrangements mutually hangs down
When straight, displacement input direction is in fix bar, and fix bar is vertical with displacement input direction, causes the rotation for being connected thereto component,
Because rectangular, relative with fix bar bar is vertical with displacement input direction, due to parallel, the institute of the bar relative with fix bar
So that the displacement output of different directions can be produced in each subchain.
In said apparatus, pedestal connects three-dimensional vibrating topping machanism to platen；The effect of base has been that positioning is soft
Property hinge effect；The effect of vibration frequency micro actuator is that frequency modulation, pretension also have the effect for changing output amplitude；Electrode slice produces voltage
Effect；The effect of piezoelectric ceramics is to produce drive signal, enables devices to produce the power source of micro-displacement；The effect of connecting rod
It is that electrode slice and double nut are connected, and realization is positioned at bottom by the flexible hinge on three-dimensional vibrating topping machanism, piezoelectric ceramics
On seat, device is connected；Double nuts structure plays self-locking action, when by pre-load nut, being adjusted in connecting shaft, to pressure
Electroceramics ultrasound pretightning force, makes piezoelectric ceramics be in compressive state, then by mobile fixing nut, form self-locking structure, favorably
In Piezoelectric Ceramic effect.
Described three-D ultrasonic elliptical vibration auxiliary cutting device, it is characterised in that：
Calculated since coordinate O points, if subchain length is L；Above-mentioned first flexible hinge unit is located at 1/3L, and second is soft
Property the distance between hinge-unit positional distance the first flexible hinge cell position be 1/5L；A strips through hole is to B strip through holes
Distance, equal with the distance of D strips through hole to E strip through holes, the distance is (2/33-4/33) L.
The position of above-mentioned first flexible hinge and the position relationship of the second flexible hinge, are due to consider cutter peace
Shelve, the distance between I-shaped groove parallel strip groove of flexible hinge unit, the constraint of subchain end, and output displacement
The relation of energy, the first flexible hinge unit of selection is located at 1/3L, second flexible hinge cell position the first flexible hinge of distance
The distance between cell position is 1/5L.Because flexible hinge receipts or other documents in duplicate member can be reduced to four bars with triangular displacement amplification principle
Hinge arrangement, when there is certain input displacement, can cause the displacement in another direction, and corner α, when the timings of α mono-, that is, export
Displacement mainly influenceed by the distance of the parallel strip through hole of two on I-shaped groove, when two on I-shaped groove are parallel
During the distance increase of strip through hole, output displacement can also increase.
Described three-D ultrasonic elliptical vibration auxiliary cutting device, it is characterised in that：Above-mentioned owning positioned at subchain surface
Groove, its trench interiors are that half of inner cylinder face and the formation of two planes seamlessly transit grooved surface；Above-mentioned A strips through hole, B
Strip through hole, D strips through hole, the two ends of E strip through holes are groove shape, and the trench interiors shape is half of inner cylinder face
Grooved surface is seamlessly transitted with two planes formation.Using face of cylinder transition, with reduction stress, the advantages of improving precision.
The method for producing elliptical vibration track using described three-dimensional elliptical vibration auxiliary cutting device, in X-direction
Chain, Y direction subchain, Z-direction subchain are while input drive signal；
The general formula that the drive signal of input produces the method for elliptical vibration track is as follows：
X in formula1(t represents to cause the change in displacement of blade point in X-direction by piezoelectric ceramics；xy(t) pressure by Y-direction is represented
Electroceramics causes the change of hinge arrangement unit blade point displacement in the X direction；xz(t) represent to be drawn by the piezoelectric ceramics of Z-direction
Play the change of hinge arrangement unit blade point displacement in the X direction；y1(t) represent to cause blade point by the piezoelectric ceramics of Y-direction
The change of displacement in the Y direction；yx(t) represent to cause hinge arrangement unit blade point in the Y direction by the piezoelectric ceramics of X-direction
The change of displacement；yz(t) represent to be caused by the piezoelectric ceramics of Z-direction the change of hinge arrangement unit blade point displacement in the Y direction
Change；z1(t) represent to be caused by the piezoelectric ceramics of Z-direction the change of blade point displacement in z-direction；zx(t) represent by X-direction
Piezoelectric ceramics causes the change of hinge arrangement unit blade point displacement in z-direction；zy(t) piezoelectric ceramics by Y-direction is represented
Cause the change of hinge arrangement unit blade point displacement in z-direction.Wherein：
In above formula, Ax1、Ay1、Az1Represent that piezoelectric ceramics control source causes blade contact point displacement defeated in three subchains
The amplitude gone out,Represent that piezoelectric ceramics control source causes the displacement of blade contact point to export in three subchains
Initial phase；Ax2、Ay2、Az2Represent that flexible hinge unit causes X-direction upper knife edge contact point displacement defeated in Y-direction subchain respectively
Flexible hinge unit causes the amplitude that the displacement of Y-direction upper knife edge contact point is exported, X-direction subchain in the amplitude gone out, X-direction subchain
Upper flexible hinge unit causes the amplitude that the displacement of Z-direction upper knife edge contact point is exported；Y-direction is represented respectively
Flexible hinge unit causes flexible hinge list in the initial phase that the displacement of X-direction upper knife edge contact point is exported, X-direction subchain in subchain
Member causes flexible hinge unit in the initial phase that the displacement of Y-direction upper knife edge contact point is exported, X-direction subchain to cause Z-direction upper slitter
The initial phase of sword contact point displacement output；Ax3、Ay3、Az3Represent that flexible hinge unit causes in X-direction in Z-direction subchain respectively
Flexible hinge unit causes the displacement of Y-direction upper knife edge contact point to export in the amplitude of blade contact point displacement output, Z-direction subchain
Amplitude, flexible hinge unit causes the amplitude that the displacement of Z-direction upper knife edge contact point is exported in Y-direction subchain；Represent that flexible hinge unit causes what the displacement of X-direction upper knife edge contact point was exported in Z-direction subchain respectively
Flexible hinge unit causes the initial phase that the displacement of Y-direction upper knife edge contact point is exported, Y-direction subchain in initial phase, Z-direction subchain
Upper flexible hinge unit causes the initial phase that the displacement of Z-direction upper knife edge contact point is exported；F is signal frequency, and t is the time.
To 2. it substitute into 1.
It can be obtained due to being overlapped mutually, the 3. formula that arranges obtains the output equation formula at blade point and is：
A in formulax、Ay、AzThe amplitude of the displacement superposed output of the displacement at point of a knife in the X direction is represented respectively, in the Y direction
Amplitude, amplitude in z-direction；The initial phase of the displacement superposed output of the displacement at point of a knife in the X direction
Position, initial phase in the Y direction, initial phase in z-direction；F is signal frequency, and t is the time.
So generating three-dimensional elliptical equation of locus at point of a knife.
The method that described three-dimensional elliptical vibration auxiliary cutting device produces elliptical vibration track, it is characterised in that：The X
Direction of principal axis subchain, Y direction subchain, the drive signal of Z-direction subchain input are differed completely.
The method that described three-dimensional elliptical vibration auxiliary cutting device produces elliptical vibration track, it is characterised in that：The Y
Direction of principal axis subchain, the drive signal of Z-direction subchain input are 0, i.e., only in X-direction subchain input signal：
Because only X-direction subchain (301) has the drive signal of input signal, so producing the side of elliptical vibration track
1. formula is the general formula of method,
2. 6. 5. 3. formula and formula substitute into formula can obtain formula：
7. formula is three-dimensional elliptical Movement Locus Equation to above formula.
The method that described three-dimensional elliptical vibration auxiliary cutting device produces elliptical vibration track, it is characterised in that：The Z
The drive signal of direction of principal axis subchain input is 0, i.e., in X-direction subchain and Y direction subchain input signal：
Because X-direction subchain and Y direction subchain have the drive signal of input signal, so producing elliptical vibration rail
1. formula is the general formula of the method for mark,
7. 3. 2. formula is substituted into formula with formula, then can be obtained：
8. formula is arranged, is reduced to：
In formula, A 'x、A′y、A′zRepresent respectively as the input of two subchain top offsets and and flexible hinge unit thereon caused by
The displacement superposed displacement amplitude at blade contact point on tri- directions of X, Y, Z,Represent respectively by two sons
Chain top offset input and and thereon caused by flexible hinge unit it is displacement superposed at blade contact point on tri- directions of X, Y, Z
Displacement initial phase；F is signal frequency, and t is the time.
8. the advantage of patent of the present invention：(1) Piezoelectric Ceramic mode is used, vibration frequency micro actuator is adjusted, is three-dimensional
The parameters such as frequency, the amplitude of oval cutting movement, can be with active accommodation, so as to obtain excellent cutting ability；(2) three phases
There is output displacement amplification on mutual vertical subchain, each subchain direction；(3) three orthogonal subchain arrangement forms
It is advantageously implemented the decoupling input of all directions input displacement；(4) double nuts structure is used, self-locking and pretension can not only be formed
Piezoelectric ceramics, moreover it is possible to select within the specific limits the thickness of piezoelectric ceramics.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is three-D ultrasonic elliptical vibration auxiliary cutting device isometric views in the present invention；
Fig. 2 is to remove pedestal and three-D ultrasonic elliptical vibration auxiliary cutting device of vibration frequency micro actuator etc. in the present invention
Axonometric drawing；
Fig. 3 is the groove and I-shaped groove isometric views of the flexible hinge unit of subchain；
Fig. 4 is three orthogonal multiaxis flexible hinge isometric views in the present invention；
Fig. 5 is connecting shaft in X-direction in the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the double nuts structure isometric views in X-direction in connecting shaft in the present invention；
Fig. 7 is vibration frequency micro actuator isometric views in the present invention；
Fig. 8 is base isometric views in the present invention；
Fig. 9 is pedestal isometric views in the present invention；
Figure 10 is hinge arrangement cell schematics in the present invention；
Figure 11 is neutron chain structure schematic diagram of the present invention；
Figure 12 is a three-D ultrasonic elliptical vibration auxiliary cutting device motion schematic diagram in the present invention；
Figure 13 is two parallel strip through hole spacing of the I-shaped groove of hinge arrangement unit with respect to subchain lenth ratio pair
Output displacement simulation analysis table；
Label title in figure：1- pedestals；2- bases；The orthogonal multiaxis flexible hinges of 3- tri-；4- attachment screws；5‐
The first piezoelectric ceramics in X-direction；First electrode piece on 6-X directions；Vibration frequency micro actuator on 3-X directions；8-X directions
On double nuts structure；Vibration frequency micro actuator on 9-Z directions；Double nuts structure on 10-Z directions；On 11-Z directions
One electrode slice；The second piezoelectric ceramics on 12-Z directions；Vibration frequency micro actuator on 13-Y directions；Double spiral shells on 14-Y directions
Parent structure；The second piezoelectric ceramics on 15-Y directions；Second electrode piece on 16-Y directions；13- diamond pre-loading screws；18‐
Diamond cutter；Connecting shaft on 19-X directions；Connecting shaft on 20-Y directions；Connecting shaft on 21-Z directions；On 22-X directions
Two piezoelectric ceramics；Second electrode piece on 23-X directions；24- attachment screws；25- attachment screws；26- attachment screws；27-Z side
Upward second electrode piece；The first piezoelectric ceramics on 28-Z directions；First electrode piece on 29-Y directions；On 30-Y directions
First piezoelectric ceramics；1001- first surfaces；1002- second surfaces；The surfaces of 1003- the 3rd；The surfaces of 1004- the 4th；1005-
One groove；1006- second grooves；The grooves of 1007- the 3rd；The grooves of 1008- the 4th；1009-B strip through holes；10010-C strips lead to
Hole；10011-A strip through holes；The grooves of 10012- the 7th；The grooves of 10013- the 8th；10014-D strip through holes；10015-F strips
Through hole；10016-E strip through holes；The grooves of 10017- the 5th；The grooves of 10018- the 6th；
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, technical scheme is described in detail.
In order to reach above-mentioned purpose, solution of the invention is：
1. a kind of three-D ultrasonic elliptical vibration auxiliary cutting device, it is characterised in that：
The three-D ultrasonic elliptical vibration auxiliary cutting device includes multiaxis flexible hinge 3, base 2, diamond cutter 18, gold
Diamond cutter pre-loading screw 17, pedestal 1；
Above-mentioned multiaxis flexible hinge 3 is overall structure, and it orthogonal intersects at rectangular subchain together by three
Composition, and intersection processes cutter mounting frame according to process tool installation dimension；Diamond cutter 18 passes through diamond cutter
Pre-loading screw 17 is installed on the cutter mounting frame；
XYZ coordinate system is defined, wherein origin of coordinates O is the joining of the axis of above three subchain, and X, Y, Z axis direction is
For the axis direction of above three subchain；By above three subchain be referred to as X-direction subchain 301, Y direction subchain 302,
Z-direction subchain 303；
Above-mentioned base 2 is overall structure, and it is made up of three orthogonal walls intersected at together, above three wall
Face is referred to as YZ walls, XZ walls, XY walls；Wherein YZ walls are corresponding with the input of X-direction subchain 301, and and X
Direction of principal axis subchain 301 is perpendicular；XZ walls are corresponding with the input of Y direction subchain 302, and with the phase of Y direction subchain 302
Vertically；XY walls are corresponding with the input of Z-direction subchain 303, and perpendicular with Z-direction subchain 303；
It is connected between each subchain of multiaxis flexible hinge 3 and corresponding wall by connecting shaft 19；And pass through connecting shaft
19 respectively install the first piezoelectric ceramics 5, first electrode piece 6, the second piezoelectric ceramics 22, second electrode piece 23, double nut 8 successively
Between the subchain input and corresponding wall inner side；In addition, also having a vibration frequency micro actuator 7 on the outside of the wall with connecting
The end of spindle 19 is connected；
Above-mentioned base 2 is fixed on the pedestal 1 by one of wall；
In four sides for defining X-direction subchain 301, two sides parallel with Z axis are referred to as first surface, the
Three surfaces, two sides parallel with Y-axis are referred to as second surface, the 4th surface；
Four sides of Y direction subchain 302 are defined, two sides parallel with X-axis are referred to as first surface, the 3rd
Surface, two sides parallel with Z axis are referred to as second surface, the 4th surface；
In four sides for defining Z-direction subchain 303, two sides parallel with Y-axis are referred to as first surface, the
Three surfaces, two sides parallel with X-axis are referred to as second surface, the 4th surface；
Different first soft in two structure identical set orientation is offered in each subchain of above-mentioned multiaxis flexible hinge 3
Property hinge-unit and the second flexible hinge unit；Wherein the first flexible hinge unit is closer compared to the second flexible hinge unit to be sat
Mark O points；First flexible hinge unit includes first groove 1005, the second groove 1006 positioned at subchain first surface 1001, and
The 3rd groove 1007, the 4th groove 1008 positioned at the surface 1003 of subchain the 3rd, subchain where above-mentioned groove is each perpendicular to；Also wrap
Include the first I-shaped groove through the surface 1004 of second surface 1002 and the 4th；The first I-shaped groove is considered as A strips
Through hole 10011, B strips through hole 1009, the combining structure of C strips through hole 10010, wherein A strips through hole 10011 are led to B strips
Hole 1009 is parallel, and C strips through hole 10010 is perpendicular to A strips through hole 10011, B strips through hole 1009；Above-mentioned first groove 1005,
The groove 1007 of second groove 1006 and the 3rd, the 4th groove 1008 are symmetrical along C strips through hole 10010, and first groove 1005,
3rd groove 1007 and A strips through hole 10011 are located on the cross section of same subchain, second groove 1006, the 4th groove
1008 and B strips through hole 1009 is located on the cross section of same subchain.
Second flexible hinge unit includes the 5th groove 10017, the 6th groove 10018 positioned at subchain second surface 1002
With the 7th groove 10012, the 8th groove 10013 positioned at the surface 1004 of subchain the 4th, subchain where above-mentioned groove is each perpendicular to；
Also include the second I-shaped groove through the surface 1003 of first surface 1001 and the 3rd；The second I-shaped groove is considered as D
Strip through hole 10014, E strips through hole 10016, the combining structure of F strips through hole 10015, wherein D strips through hole 10014 and E bars
Parallel 10016, the F strips through hole 10015 of shape through hole is perpendicular to D strips through hole 10014, E strips through hole 10016；Above-mentioned 5th ditch
Groove 10017, the 6th groove and 10018 the 7th grooves 10012, the 8th groove 10013 are symmetrical along F strips through hole 10015, and above-mentioned the
Five grooves 10017, the 7th groove 10012 and D strips through hole 10014 are located on the cross section of same subchain, the 6th groove
10018th, the 8th groove 10013 and E strips through hole 10016 are located on the cross section of same subchain.
In above-mentioned subchain, when inputting subchain by displacement that piezoelectric ceramic piece is produced, the first flexible hinge unit and second soft
Property hinge-unit can form with triangular displacement amplification principle to be reduced to four bar hinge arrangements, in four simplified bar hinges
The bar that beginning effect is removed in fetch bit in structure is fix bar, and relative turn will occur for other components for the hinge being connected with fix bar
Dynamic, the rotational angle of generation is α, causes the bar displacement relative with fix bar to export in four simplified bar hinge arrangements, displacement
Outbound course and input displacement direction are angled, due to flexible hinge geometry designs size and the limitation of the material of selection, phase
It is general within 1 degree to the rotational angle of generation, therefore, displacement equations are produced on the displacement outbound course, multiplication factor is
Cot α, now displacement input is exported not in the same direction with displacement.When each adjacent bar of four simplified bar hinge arrangements mutually hangs down
When straight, displacement input direction is in fix bar, and fix bar is vertical with displacement input direction, causes the rotation for being connected thereto component,
Because rectangular, relative with fix bar bar is vertical with displacement input direction, due to parallel, the institute of the bar relative with fix bar
So that the displacement output of different directions can be produced in each subchain.
In said apparatus, pedestal connects three-dimensional vibrating topping machanism to platen；The effect of base 2 has been that positioning is soft
Property hinge effect；The effect of vibration frequency micro actuator 7,13,9 is that frequency modulation, pretension also have the effect for changing output amplitude；Electrode slice 6,
23rd, 16,29,27,11 voltage effect is produced；The effect of piezoelectric ceramics 5,22,15,30,12,28 is to produce drive signal, makes dress
The power source of micro-displacement can be produced by putting；The effect of connecting rod 19,20,21 is by the flexible hinge on three-dimensional vibrating topping machanism
Chain 3, piezoelectric ceramics 5,22,15,30,12,28, electrode slice 6,23,16,29,27,11 and double nut 8,14,10 are connected, and real
Now it is positioned on base 2, device is connected；Double nuts structure 8,14,10 plays self-locking action, when passing through pre-load nut
801st, 1401,1001, adjusted in connecting shaft, to piezoelectric ceramic ultrasonic pretightning force, piezoelectric ceramics is in compressive state, then lead to
Cross and move fixing nut 802,1402,1002, form self-locking structure, be conducive to Piezoelectric Ceramic to act on.
Described three-D ultrasonic elliptical vibration auxiliary cutting device, it is characterised in that：
Calculated since coordinate O points, if subchain length is L；
The position of above-mentioned first flexible hinge and the position relationship of the second flexible hinge, are due to consider cutter peace
Shelve, the distance between I-shaped groove parallel strip groove of flexible hinge unit, the constraint of subchain end, and output displacement
The relation of energy, the first flexible hinge unit of selection is located at 1/3L, second flexible hinge cell position the first flexible hinge of distance
The distance between cell position is 1/5L.
A strips through hole 10011 arrives the distance of B strips through hole 1009, and E strips through hole 10016 is arrived with D strips through hole 10014
Distance it is equal, the distance is (2/33-4/33) L, because flexible hinge receipts or other documents in duplicate member can be reduced to amplify former with triangular displacement
Four bar hinge arrangements of reason, when there is certain input displacement, can cause the displacement in another direction, and corner α, when α is certain
When, i.e., output displacement size is mainly influenceed by the distance of the parallel strip through hole of two on I-shaped groove, when on I-shaped groove
When the distance of two parallel strip through holes increases, output displacement can also increase.
There is the multiaxis flexible hinge last-in-chain(LIC) of distance and device due to there is Cutting tool installation manner part, two flexible hinge units
What end had two parallel strip through holes on constraint portions, I-shaped groove the factor such as is restricted apart from value, so should be away from
From interval be (2/33-4/33) L when, relatively whole three-dimensional elliptical servicing unit is rational, this reasonable interval
Value carry out finite element simulation, can be analyzed from the result of emulation, in interval during (2/33-4/33) L, output displacement with
The distance of two parallel strip through holes on I-shaped groove increases and increased, when the parallel strip through hole of two on I-shaped groove
Distance is 4/33L, and the displacement of output is maximum, and the performance of device is also more excellent.
Described three-D ultrasonic elliptical vibration auxiliary cutting device, it is characterised in that：
Above-mentioned all grooves positioned at subchain surface, its trench interiors are that half of inner cylinder face and two planes are formed
Seamlessly transit grooved surface；
Above-mentioned A strips through hole 10011, B strips through hole 1009, D strips through hole 10014, the two ends of E strips through hole 10016
It is groove shape, the trench interiors shape is that half of inner cylinder face and the formation of two planes seamlessly transit grooved surface.
The method that described three-dimensional elliptical vibration auxiliary cutting device produces elliptical vibration track, in X-direction subchain
301st, Y direction subchain 302, Z-direction subchain 303 are while input drive signal；
The general formula that the drive signal of input produces the method for elliptical vibration track is as follows：
X in formula1(t represents to cause the change in displacement of blade point in X-direction by piezoelectric ceramics；xy(t) pressure by Y-direction is represented
Electroceramics causes the change of hinge arrangement unit blade point displacement in the X direction；xz(t) represent to be drawn by the piezoelectric ceramics of Z-direction
Play the change of hinge arrangement unit blade point displacement in the X direction；y1(t) represent to cause blade point by the piezoelectric ceramics of Y-direction
The change of displacement in the Y direction；yx(t) represent to cause hinge arrangement unit blade point in the Y direction by the piezoelectric ceramics of X-direction
The change of displacement；yz(t) represent to be caused by the piezoelectric ceramics of Z-direction the change of hinge arrangement unit blade point displacement in the Y direction
Change；z1(t) represent to be caused by the piezoelectric ceramics of Z-direction the change of blade point displacement in z-direction；zx(t) represent by X-direction
Piezoelectric ceramics causes the change of hinge arrangement unit blade point displacement in z-direction；zy(t) piezoelectric ceramics by Y-direction is represented
Cause the change of hinge arrangement unit blade point displacement in z-direction.Wherein：
In above formula, Ax1、Ay1、Az1Represent that piezoelectric ceramics control source causes blade contact point displacement defeated in three subchains
The amplitude gone out,Represent that piezoelectric ceramics control source causes the displacement of blade contact point to export in three subchains
Initial phase；Ax2、Ay2、Az2Represent that flexible hinge unit causes X-direction upper knife edge contact point displacement defeated in Y-direction subchain respectively
Flexible hinge unit causes the amplitude that the displacement of Y-direction upper knife edge contact point is exported, X-direction subchain in the amplitude gone out, X-direction subchain
Upper flexible hinge unit causes the amplitude that the displacement of Z-direction upper knife edge contact point is exported；Y-direction is represented respectively
Flexible hinge unit causes flexible hinge list in the initial phase that the displacement of X-direction upper knife edge contact point is exported, X-direction subchain in subchain
Member causes flexible hinge unit in the initial phase that the displacement of Y-direction upper knife edge contact point is exported, X-direction subchain to cause Z-direction upper slitter
The initial phase of sword contact point displacement output；Ax3、Ay3、Az3Represent that flexible hinge unit causes in X-direction in Z-direction subchain respectively
Flexible hinge unit causes the displacement of Y-direction upper knife edge contact point to export in the amplitude of blade contact point displacement output, Z-direction subchain
Amplitude, flexible hinge unit causes the amplitude that the displacement of Z-direction upper knife edge contact point is exported in Y-direction subchain；Represent that flexible hinge unit causes what the displacement of X-direction upper knife edge contact point was exported in Z-direction subchain respectively
Flexible hinge unit causes the initial phase that the displacement of Y-direction upper knife edge contact point is exported, Y-direction subchain in initial phase, Z-direction subchain
Upper flexible hinge unit causes the initial phase that the displacement of Z-direction upper knife edge contact point is exported；F is signal frequency, and t is the time.
To 2. it substitute into 1.
It can be obtained due to being overlapped mutually, the 3. formula that arranges obtains the output equation formula at blade point and is：
A in formulax、Ay、AzThe amplitude of the displacement superposed output of the displacement at point of a knife in the X direction is represented respectively, in the Y direction
Amplitude, amplitude in z-direction；The initial phase of the displacement superposed output of the displacement at point of a knife in the X direction
Position, initial phase in the Y direction, initial phase in z-direction；F is signal frequency, and t is the time.
So generating three-dimensional elliptical equation of locus at point of a knife.
The method that described three-dimensional elliptical vibration auxiliary cutting device produces elliptical vibration track, it is characterised in that：The X
The drive signal that direction of principal axis subchain 301, Y direction subchain 302, Z-direction subchain 303 are inputted is differed completely.
The method that described three-dimensional elliptical vibration auxiliary cutting device produces elliptical vibration track, it is characterised in that：The Y
The drive signal that direction of principal axis subchain 302, Z-direction subchain 303 are inputted is 0, i.e., only in the input signal of X-direction subchain 301：
Because only X-direction subchain 301 has the drive signal of input signal, so producing the method for elliptical vibration track
General formula 1. formula is,
2. 6. 5. 3. formula and formula substitute into formula can obtain formula：
6. formula is three-dimensional elliptical Movement Locus Equation to above formula.
The method that described three-dimensional elliptical vibration auxiliary cutting device produces elliptical vibration track, it is characterised in that：The Z
The drive signal that direction of principal axis subchain 303 is inputted is 0, i.e., in X-direction subchain 301 and the input signal of Y direction subchain 303：
Because X-direction subchain 301 and Y direction subchain 303 have the drive signal of input signal, so producing oval
1. formula is the general formula of the method for oscillation trajectory,
7. 3. 2. formula is substituted into formula with formula, then can be obtained：
8. formula is arranged, is reduced to：
In formula, A 'x、A′y、A′zRepresent respectively as the input of two subchain top offsets and and flexible hinge unit thereon caused by
The displacement superposed displacement amplitude at blade contact point on tri- directions of X, Y, Z,Represent respectively by two sons
Chain top offset input and and thereon caused by flexible hinge unit it is displacement superposed at blade contact point on tri- directions of X, Y, Z
Displacement initial phase；F is signal frequency, and t is the time.
Self-locking action is played in double nuts structure Fig. 8,14,10, when by pre-load nut 802,1402,1002, in connecting shaft
19th, adjust on 20,21, pretightning force produced to piezoelectric ceramics 5,22,15,30,12,28, make piezoelectric ceramics 5,22,15,30,12,
28 are in compressive state, then by mobile fixing nut 801,1401,1001, form self-locking structure, be conducive to piezoelectric ceramics 5,
22nd, 15,30,12,28 driving effect.
Designed, be arranged symmetrically, formation can change using delta displacement amplification principle in flexible hinge cell schematics
Output displacement and direction, also with amplification.
The technological thought of above example only to illustrate the invention, it is impossible to which protection scope of the present invention is limited with this, it is every to press
According to technological thought proposed by the present invention, any change done on the basis of technical scheme, each fall within the scope of the present invention it
It is interior.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of three-D ultrasonic elliptical vibration auxiliary cutting device, it is characterised in that：
The three-D ultrasonic elliptical vibration auxiliary cutting device includes multiaxis flexible hinge (3), base (2), diamond cutter
(18), diamond cutter pre-loading screw (17), pedestal (1)；
Above-mentioned multiaxis flexible hinge (3) is overall structure, and it is by three orthogonal subchain groups for intersecting at cuboid together
Into, and intersection processes cutter mounting frame according to process tool installation dimension；Diamond cutter (18) passes through diamond cutter
Pre-loading screw (17) is installed on the cutter mounting frame；
Define XYZ coordinate system, wherein origin of coordinates O for the axis of above three subchain joining, on X, Y, Z axis direction is
State the axis direction of three subchains；By above three subchain be referred to as X-direction subchain (301), Y direction subchain (302),
Z-direction subchain (303)；
Above-mentioned base (2) is overall structure, and it is made up of three orthogonal walls intersected at together, above three wall
It is referred to as YZ walls, XZ walls, XY walls；Wherein YZ walls are corresponding with the input of X-direction subchain (301), and and X
Direction of principal axis subchain (301) is perpendicular；XZ walls are corresponding with the input of Y direction subchain (302), and with Y direction subchain
(302) it is perpendicular；XY walls are corresponding with the input of Z-direction subchain (303), and mutually hung down with Z-direction subchain (303)
Directly；
It is connected between each subchain of multiaxis flexible hinge (3) and corresponding wall by connecting shaft (19)；And pass through connecting shaft
(19) respectively by the first piezoelectric ceramics (5), first electrode piece (6), the second piezoelectric ceramics (22), second electrode piece (23), double spiral shells
Female (8) are installed between the subchain input and corresponding wall inner side successively；In addition, there is a vibration frequency on the outside of the wall
Rate micro actuator (7) is connected with connecting shaft (19) end；
Above-mentioned base (2) is fixed on the pedestal (1) by one of wall；
In four sides for defining X-direction subchain (301), two sides parallel with Z axis are referred to as first surface, the 3rd
Surface, two sides parallel with Y-axis are referred to as second surface, the 4th surface；
Four sides of Y direction subchain (302) are defined, two sides parallel with X-axis are referred to as first surface, the 3rd table
Face, two sides parallel with Z axis are referred to as second surface, the 4th surface；
In four sides for defining Z-direction subchain (303), two sides parallel with Y-axis are referred to as first surface, the 3rd
Surface, two sides parallel with X-axis are referred to as second surface, the 4th surface；
The first different flexibility of two structure identical set orientation is offered in each subchain of above-mentioned multiaxis flexible hinge (3)
Hinge-unit and the second flexible hinge unit；Wherein the first flexible hinge unit compares the second flexible hinge unit closer to coordinate
O points；First flexible hinge unit includes first groove (1005), the second groove positioned at subchain first surface (1001)
(1006), and the 3rd groove (1007), the 4th groove (1008) positioned at the surface (1003) of subchain the 3rd, above-mentioned groove is vertical
In place subchain；Also include the first I-shaped groove through second surface (1002) and the 4th surface (1004)；By this first
I-shaped groove is considered as A strips through hole (10011), B strips through hole (1009), the combining structure of C strips through hole (10010), its
Middle A strips through hole (10011) is parallel with B strips through hole (1009), and C strips through hole (10010) is perpendicular to A strip through holes
(10011), B strips through hole (1009)；Above-mentioned first groove (1005), second groove (1006) and the 3rd groove (1007), the
Along C strips through hole (10010) symmetrically, and first groove (1005), the 3rd groove (1007) and A strips are logical for four grooves (1008)
Hole (10011) is located on the cross section of same subchain, second groove (1006), the 4th groove (1008) and B strip through holes
(1009) on the cross section of same subchain；
Second flexible hinge unit includes the 5th groove (10017), the 6th groove positioned at subchain second surface (1002)
(10018) and the 7th groove (10012), the 8th groove (10013) positioned at the surface (1004) of subchain the 4th, above-mentioned groove hangs down
Directly in place subchain；Also include the second I-shaped groove through first surface (1001) and the 3rd surface (1003)；By this
Two I-shaped grooves are considered as D strips through hole (10014), E strips through hole (10016), the combining structure of F strips through hole (10015),
Wherein D strips through hole (10014) is parallel with E strips through hole (10016), and F strips through hole (10015) is perpendicular to D strip through holes
(10014), E strips through hole (10016)；Above-mentioned 5th groove (10017), the 6th groove (10018) and the 7th groove
(10012), the 8th groove (10013) along F strips through hole (10015) symmetrically, above-mentioned 5th groove (10017), the 7th groove
(10012) it is located at D strips through hole (10014) on the cross section of same subchain, the 6th groove (10018), the 8th groove
(10013) it is located at E strips through hole (10016) on the cross section of same subchain.
2. three-D ultrasonic elliptical vibration auxiliary cutting device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Calculated since coordinate O points, if subchain length is L；
Above-mentioned first flexible hinge unit is located at 1/3L, second flexible hinge cell position the first flexible hinge of distance unit position
It is 1/5L the distance between to put；
A strips through hole (10011) arrives the distance of B strips through hole (1009), and E strip through holes are arrived with D strips through hole (10014)
(10016) distance is equal, and the distance is (2/33-4/33) L.
3. three-D ultrasonic elliptical vibration auxiliary cutting device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Above-mentioned all grooves positioned at subchain surface, its trench interiors are the flat of half of inner cylinder face and the formation of two planes
Slip over and cross grooved surface；
Above-mentioned A strips through hole (10011), B strips through hole (1009), D strips through hole (10014), E strips through hole (10016)
Two ends are groove shape, and the trench interiors shape is that half of inner cylinder face and the formation of two planes seamlessly transit groove
Face.
4. the method for producing elliptical vibration track using the three-dimensional elliptical vibration auxiliary cutting device described in claim 1, in X-axis
Direction subchain (301), Y direction subchain (302), Z-direction subchain (303) are while input drive signal；
The general formula that the drive signal of input produces the method for elliptical vibration track is as follows：
X in formula1(t) change in displacement of blade point is caused in expression X-direction by piezoelectric ceramics；xy(t) piezoelectricity by Y-direction is represented
Ceramics cause the change of hinge arrangement unit blade point displacement in the X direction；xz(t) represent to be caused by the piezoelectric ceramics of Z-direction
The change of hinge arrangement unit blade point displacement in the X direction；y1(t) represent to cause blade point in Y by the piezoelectric ceramics of Y-direction
The change of direction top offset；yx(t) represent to cause hinge arrangement unit blade point position in the Y direction by the piezoelectric ceramics of X-direction
The change of shifting；yz(t) represent to be caused by the piezoelectric ceramics of Z-direction the change of hinge arrangement unit blade point displacement in the Y direction；
z1(t) represent to be caused by the piezoelectric ceramics of Z-direction the change of blade point displacement in z-direction；zx(t) piezoelectricity by X-direction is represented
Ceramics cause the change of hinge arrangement unit blade point displacement in z-direction；zy(t) represent to be caused by the piezoelectric ceramics of Y-direction
The change of hinge arrangement unit blade point displacement in z-direction；Wherein：
In above formula, Ax1、Ay1、Az1Represent that piezoelectric ceramics control source causes what the displacement of blade contact point was exported in three subchains
Amplitude,Represent that piezoelectric ceramics control source causes the first of blade contact point displacement output in three subchains
Phase；Ax2、Ay2、Az2Represent that flexible hinge unit causes what the displacement of X-direction upper knife edge contact point was exported in Y-direction subchain respectively
Flexible hinge unit causes in the amplitude of Y directions upper knife edge contact point displacement output, X-direction subchain in amplitude, X-direction subchain
Flexible hinge unit causes the amplitude that the displacement of Z-direction upper knife edge contact point is exported；Y-direction is represented respectively
Flexible hinge unit causes flexible hinge unit in the initial phase that the displacement of X-direction upper knife edge contact point is exported, X-direction subchain on chain
Flexible hinge unit causes Z-direction upper knife edge in the initial phase for causing the displacement of Y-direction upper knife edge contact point to export, X-direction subchain
The initial phase of contact point displacement output；Ax3、Ay3、Az3Represent that flexible hinge unit causes X-direction upper slitter in Z-direction subchain respectively
Flexible hinge unit causes what the displacement of Y-direction upper knife edge contact point was exported in the amplitude of sword contact point displacement output, Z-direction subchain
Flexible hinge unit causes the amplitude that the displacement of Z-direction upper knife edge contact point is exported in amplitude, Y-direction subchain；
Represent that flexible hinge unit causes the initial phase that the displacement of X-direction upper knife edge contact point is exported, Z-direction in Z-direction subchain respectively
Flexible hinge unit causes flexible hinge unit in the initial phase that the displacement of Y-direction upper knife edge contact point is exported, Y-direction subchain on chain
The initial phase for causing the displacement of Z-direction upper knife edge contact point to export；F is signal frequency, and t is the time；
To 2. it substitute into 1.
It can be obtained due to being overlapped mutually, the 3. formula that arranges obtains the output equation formula at blade point and is：
A in formulax、Ay、AzThe amplitude of the displacement superposed output of the displacement at point of a knife in the X direction, width in the Y direction are represented respectively
Value, amplitude in z-direction；The displacement superposed displacement at point of a knife output initial phase in the X direction, in Y
Initial phase on direction, initial phase in z-direction；F is signal frequency, and t is the time；
So generating three-dimensional elliptical equation of locus at point of a knife.
5. the method that three-dimensional elliptical vibration auxiliary cutting device according to claim 4 produces elliptical vibration track, it is special
Levy and be：The drive signal that the X-direction subchain (301), Y direction subchain (302), Z-direction subchain (303) are inputted is complete
Differ entirely.
6. the method that three-dimensional elliptical vibration auxiliary cutting device according to claim 4 produces elliptical vibration track, it is special
Levy and be：The Y direction subchain (302), the drive signal of Z-direction subchain (303) input are 0, i.e., only in X-direction
Subchain (301) input signal：
Because only there is the drive signal of input signal in X-direction subchain (301), so produce the method for elliptical vibration track
1. formula is general formula,
2. 6. 5. 3. formula and formula substitute into formula can obtain formula：
6. formula is three-dimensional elliptical Movement Locus Equation to above formula.
7. the method that three-dimensional elliptical vibration auxiliary cutting device according to claim 4 produces elliptical vibration track, it is special
Levy and be：The drive signal of Z-direction subchain (303) input is 0, i.e., in X-direction subchain (301) and Y direction
Chain (303) input signal：
Because X-direction subchain (301) and Y direction subchain (303) have the drive signal of input signal, so producing oval
1. formula is the general formula of the method for oscillation trajectory,
7. 3. 2. formula is substituted into formula with formula, then can be obtained：
8. formula is arranged, is reduced to：
In formula, A 'x、A′y、A′zRepresent respectively as the input of two subchain top offsets and and flexible hinge unit thereon caused by displacement
The displacement amplitude that blade contact point is on tri- directions of X, Y, Z is superimposed upon,Represent respectively in two subchains
Displacement is inputted and and the displacement superposed position at blade contact point on tri- directions of X, Y, Z caused by flexible hinge unit thereon
Move initial phase；F is signal frequency, and t is the time.
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