CN105312353B - A kind of large diameter thin wall copper-nickel alloy tubing short-flow production method - Google Patents
A kind of large diameter thin wall copper-nickel alloy tubing short-flow production method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of large diameter thin wall copper-nickel alloy tubing short-flow production method, belongs to technical field of metal material.More than 5000 tons of large-scale extrusion equipment is needed for traditional " the solid ingot casting of D.C.casting-perforation extruding-pickling-drawing-annealing " technique productions large diameter thin wall copper-nickel alloy tubing, and the problems such as lumber recovery is low, cost is high, the present invention is proposed using the cold combination big specification copper-nickel alloy pipe of casting mold horizontal casting of heat, then the method for shaping large diameter thin wall copper-nickel alloy tubing using expanding or/and undergauge drawing, has the advantages that equipment investment is small, technological process is short, pickling-free.110 ~ 350mm of horizontal continuous casting tube blank external diameter, 5 ~ 30mm of wall thickness, expanding drawing passage lengthening coefficient are 0.80 ~ 1.0, and undergauge drawing passes lengthening coefficient is 1.1 ~ 1.5,100 ~ 320mm of product external diameter, 3 ~ 20mm of wall thickness after processing.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of metal material, it is related to a kind of large diameter thin wall copper-nickel alloy tubing short-flow production method.
Background technology
Copper-nickel alloy has higher intensity, good heat conductivility and decay resistance, is widely used in thermal power generation, ship
The heat exchange in the fields such as oceangoing ship, desalinization and seawaterline pipe.Wherein seawaterline with pipe (including pipeline, flange, valve,
Bellows) size range be generally 50~310mm of external diameter, 3~10mm of wall thickness, be the important of the fields such as desalinization, ship
Structure member [Zhang Wenyu, the present situation and trend of naval vessel piping material, new material industry, 2011, No.2, p.62~65].With
Developing rapidly for the marine industries such as China's desalinization, ship, the demand rapid growth of White Copper Tubes is high anti-corrosion, overlength, big
Diameter, high-precision copper-nickel alloy tubing are the crucial Cu alloy materials of ocean engineering.But production difficulty is big, only virtuous in the world
The a few countries such as state, South Korea can produce high accuracy, major diameter copper-nickel alloy tubing in batches, and the country relies primarily on import.
At present, major diameter (more than 100mm) White Copper Tubes mainly use " the solid ingot casting of D.C.casting-perforation extruding-pickling-
The technique (referred to as " squeezed to draw " technique) of expanding drawing-intermediate annealing-undergauge drawing-annealing " [is shown in：Wang Hua magnitudes, it is a kind of
The process for making of major diameter White Copper Tubes, Chinese invention patent, grant number ZL200710054272.X；Chen Qin, Liu Guanglong, Lee
It is beautiful, the product development of heavy caliber White Copper Tubes and technical study, Shanghai non-ferrous metal, 2013, Vol34, No.2, p.55~58]) carry out
Production.However, in " squeezed to draw " technique, production more than diameter 200mm pipe needs more than 5000 tons of large-scale extruding to set
Standby, investment of production is big, pickling process is needed in production process, carrying capacity of environment is heavier；And entered using conventional cast-extrusion tube blank
Row drawing is processed, and pass deformation is small, and processing passage and intermediate annealing often, cause technological process length, product lumber recovery low
The problems such as (being less than 40%) and cost are high.
Pipe is prepared using horizontal continuous casting process, replaces traditional casting-extrusion tube blank, with reference to follow-up cold working production
Copper-nickel alloy tubing, is the important channel solved the above problems.Zhang Xigang et al. has invented " horizontal casting hollow bloom-appearance facing cut
Face-planetary rolling/cold rolling-vertical pulling or disk are drawn " technique (referred to as " casting daraf(reciprocal of farad) ", [Zhang Xigang, Chen Mingyu, Wang Zhenming, Fan Zhen,
Lei Yu, Chen Huiguo, Cheng great Yong, the production method of large-coil-weight white copper alloy coil pipe, Chinese invention patent, grant number CN
201310003223.9]).The technique prepares pipe using common horizontal continuous casting process, replaces traditional " semicontinuous solid casting
Ingot-hot extrusion pipe ", can simplify pipe production technology, reduction energy consumption and raising production efficiency, but continuously cast billet for pipe-making surfaces externally and internally
The defects such as orange peel, pile displacement, fold are also easy to produce, its outer surface needs milling face before cold working, reduces lumber recovery, its inner surface lacks
Fall into cleaning difficult, be brought into subsequent processing operations, influence product quality.In addition, common horizontal casting be difficult to production major diameter, it is thin
Wall alloy pipe stock, because pipe radial direction columanar structure is flourishing and the low problem of consistency is, it is necessary to carry out the rolling of aximal deformation value
Processing improves the structure property of tubing, therefore, the White Copper Tubes mainly for the production of below diameter 60mm compared with small dimension, it is difficult to produce
Φ 100mm above large diameter thin wall pipes.
Based on above-mentioned background, the present invention is proposed using the cold combination casting mold horizontal continuous casting process production big-size thinning plastic copper-nickel alloy of heat
Pipe, drawing processing is directly carried out to continuously cast billet for pipe-making, realizes major diameter, thin-walled, high accuracy, the life of high-quality copper-nickel alloy tubing short route
Production, solves the problems such as traditional large diameter thin wall copper-nickel alloy tubing production technology invests big, long flow path, lumber recovery is low, cost is high.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to invest big, long flow path, lumber recovery for large diameter thin wall copper-nickel alloy tubing traditional processing technology
It is low, there is provided a kind of large diameter thin wall copper-nickel alloy tubing with the features such as investing small, high yield and low cost the problems such as cost is high
Short-flow production method.
To achieve the above object, the present invention uses following technical scheme：
A kind of large diameter thin wall copper-nickel alloy tubing short-flow production method, methods described is using the cold combination casting mold horizontal casting of heat
Technology, production has good inside and outside surface quality, dense structure, the big-size thinning plastic copper-nickel alloy pipe of axial orientation tissue, is not entering
Follow-up multi pass drawing processing directly is carried out to pipe under conditions of row surface treatment, large diameter thin wall copper-nickel alloy tubing is produced.
Further, methods described step is specific as follows：
(1) a diameter of 160~350m of Φ are produced using the cold combination casting mold horizontal continuous casting process of heat, 5~30mm's of wall thickness is white
Copper tube billet；
(2) 160~350mm of external diameter in step (1), 5~30mm of wall thickness continuously cast billet for pipe-making point multi-pass is carried out it is expanding or/
With the processing of undergauge drawing process；
(3) tubing after being processed in step (2) is subjected to finished product bright annealing, tissue and performance is regulated and controled, make production
Product have the surface state of light, meet actual operation requirements.
Further, the step (1) is specifically, 1150~1300 DEG C of copper liquid temperature, 1100~1250 DEG C of heat type temperature,
Cold mould primary cooling water 1500~4000L/h of flow, water spray secondary 800~2000L/h of cooling water flow, hauling speed 50~
300mm/min。
Further, the step (2) is specifically, the expanding drawing and undergauge drawing can individually, successively or alternately enter
OK, the expanding lengthening coefficient 0.80~1.0 of passage, passage undergauge lengthening coefficient 1.1~1.5,1~100m/min of drawing speed is raw
100~320mm of output external diameter, 3~20mm of wall thickness copper-nickel alloy tubing.
Further, low temperature recovery annealing, 300~500 DEG C of temperature, annealing time can be carried out during the tube-drawing
0.5~2h.
Further, the step (3) is specially：Soft 700~850 DEG C of state product annealing temperature, annealing time be 0.5~
550~700 DEG C of 2h or half-hard state product annealing temperature, annealing time are 0.5~2h；
Annealing Protection atmosphere is 2%H2, remaining as N2.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are (1) is of the invention compared with the common horizontal continuous casting pipe of casting drawing process
Use it is hot it is cold combination casting mold horizontal continuous casting process can produce major diameter, thin-walled copper-nickel alloy pipe, with surfaces externally and internally it is bright and clean, tissue
It is fine and close, the features such as cold-forming property is excellent, be suitable for directly carrying out expanding or/and undergauge drawing processing.
(2) production method provided by the present invention is compared with existing squeezed drawing process, and production technology and equipment are simple, throw
Money is small.Because the copper-nickel alloy pipe inside and outside surface quality using the cold combination casting mold horizontal continuous casting process production of heat is good, the pipe need not
Appearance facing cut face and inner surface treatment are carried out, follow-up drawing processing can be directly carried out, in addition, the processes such as extruding, pickling are eliminated,
Simplify production technology and alleviate carrying capacity of environment, without equipment such as large-tonnage extruding and pickling, reduce equipment investment.
(3) compared with squeezed drawing production technology, the method technological process of the invention provided is short, lumber recovery is high, production cost
It is low.Continuous casting continuously cast billet for pipe-making of the present invention has high fine and close, high axial orientation columanar structure, its cold machine-shaping performance
Significantly better than conventional cast or the pipe of extruding, the drawing processing of multi-pass aximal deformation value can be carried out, is conducive to improving passage
Working modulus, reduces drawing passes, reduces and even saves the links such as intermediate annealing, significantly shorten technological process, reduce energy consumption
And production cost, improve lumber recovery.Squeezed drawing process production more than external diameter 100mm, wall thickness more than 3mm copper-nickel alloy tubing, into
Material rate is less than 40%, and uses present invention process, and lumber recovery can bring up to more than 70%-80%, technological process shorten half with
On.
Embodiment
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, with the following Examples, to the present invention
It is explained in further detail.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is used only for explaining the present invention, it is not used to
Limit the present invention.
On the contrary, the present invention covers any replacement done in the spirit and scope of the present invention being defined by the claims, repaiied
Change, equivalent method and scheme.Further, in order that the public has a better understanding to the present invention, below to the thin of the present invention
It is detailed to describe some specific detail sections in section description.Part without these details for a person skilled in the art
Description can also understand the present invention completely.
A kind of large diameter thin wall copper-nickel alloy tubing short-flow production method, technical scheme is：Methods described is using the cold combination of heat
Casting mold horizontal continuous casting technology, production has good inside and outside surface quality, dense structure, the big-size thinning plastic copper-nickel alloy of axial orientation tissue
Pipe, directly follow-up multi pass drawing processing is carried out under conditions of without surface treatment to pipe, produces large diameter thin wall
Copper-nickel alloy tubing.The characteristics of heat cold combination casting mold horizontal casting is continuous cast mold by being forced the heat type section of heating and being followed
Ring water forces the cold mould section of cooling to combine, by controlling tubing freezing interface position to be between heat type section and cold mould section
Region, production great surface quality, the pipe of axial orientation tissue, on the other hand, cold mould section crystallizer is using circumferential cooling moisture
Area's control mode, the circumferential intensity of cooling uniformity of tubing is controlled during to crystallization, obtains the uniform pipe of structure property.
A kind of large diameter thin wall copper-nickel alloy tubing short-flow production method, is comprised the following steps that：
(1) a diameter of 160~350m of Φ are produced using the cold combination casting mold horizontal continuous casting process of heat, 5~30mm's of wall thickness is white
Copper (such as BFe10-1-1 and BFe30-1-1) pipe：1150~1300 DEG C of copper liquid temperature, heat type (casting mold bringing-up section) temperature 1100
~1250 DEG C, cold mould (water mold) primary cooling water 1500~4000L/h of flow, water spray secondary cooling water flow 800~
2000L/h, 50~300mm/min of hauling speed；
(2) 160~350mm of external diameter in step (1), 5~30mm of wall thickness continuously cast billet for pipe-making point multi-pass is carried out it is expanding or/
With the processing of undergauge drawing process, expanding drawing and undergauge drawing can individually, successively or alternately, the expanding lengthening coefficient of passage
0.80~1.0, passage undergauge lengthening coefficient 1.1~1.5,1~100m/min of drawing speed, can produce external diameter 100~
320mm, 3~20mm of wall thickness copper-nickel alloy tubing.Low temperature recovery annealing, temperature can be carried out in aforementioned tubes drawing process as needed
300~500 DEG C, 0.5~2h of annealing time；
(3) tubing after being processed in step (2) is subjected to finished product bright annealing, mainly tissue and performance adjusted
Control, and make product that there is the surface state of light, meet actual operation requirements.Tubing is reached after finished size, is set according to annealing
Standby type, size of pipe and tubing, supply of material state etc. formulate annealing process, general soft 700~850 DEG C of state product annealing temperature, during annealing
Between be 550~700 DEG C of 0.5~2h or half-hard state product annealing temperature, annealing time be 0.5~2h；
Annealing Protection atmosphere is 2%H2, remaining as N2。
Embodiment 1：Size is Φ 220 × 5mm BFe10-1-1 copper-nickel alloys (soft state) straight tube production method
(1) 230 × 10mm of Φ BFe10-1-1 copper-nickel alloy pipes, copper are prepared using the cold combination casting mold horizontal continuous casting process of heat
1250 DEG C of liquid fusion temperature, heat type (casting mold bringing-up section) temperature is 1200 DEG C, and primary cooling water flow is 1200L/h, water spray two
Secondary cooling water flow is 1000L/h, and hauling speed is 80mm/min.
(2) pipe for preparing step (1) directly carries out 6 passage drawings, wherein the 1st, 2 passages are expanding drawing, the 3rd,
4th, 5,6 passages are undergauge drawing.1st, the lengthening coefficient of 2 passages be respectively the 0.98 and 0.98, the 3rd, 4,5, the extension system of 6 passages
Number is respectively 1.24,1.22,1.22 and 1.18.It is not required to carry out intermediate annealing in drawing process.
(3) by drawing pipes progress finished product bright annealing, 780 DEG C of annealing temperature in step (2), annealing time is 1h, is moved back
Fiery protective atmosphere 2%H2+ surplus N2, it is therefore an objective to the finished product tubing of soft state is obtained, performance reaches use requirement.
Embodiment 2：Size is Φ 160 × 3mm BFe10-1-1 copper-nickel alloys (soft state) straight tube production method
(1) 170 × 6mm of Φ BFe10-1-1 copper-nickel alloy pipes, copper liquid are prepared using the cold combination casting mold horizontal continuous casting process of heat
1250 DEG C of fusion temperature, heat type (casting mold bringing-up section) temperature is 1200 DEG C, and primary cooling water flow is 1000L/h, water spray secondary
Cooling water flow is 600L/h, and hauling speed is 100mm/min.
(2) pipe for preparing step (1) directly carries out 5 passage drawings, wherein the 1st, 2 passages are expanding drawing, the 3rd,
4th, 5 passages are undergauge drawing.1st, the lengthening coefficient of 2 passages be respectively the 0.98 and 0.97, the 3rd, 4, the lengthening coefficient point of 5 passages
Wei 1.30,1.30 and 1.28.It is not required to carry out intermediate annealing in drawing process.
(3) by drawing pipes progress finished product bright annealing, 750 DEG C of annealing temperature in step (2), annealing time is 1h, is moved back
Fiery protective atmosphere 2%H2+ surplus N2, it is therefore an objective to the finished product tubing of soft state is obtained, performance reaches use requirement.
Embodiment 3：Size is Φ 180 × 4mm BFe30-1-1 copper-nickel alloys (soft state) straight tube production method
(1) 190 × 8mm of Φ BFe30-1-1 copper-nickel alloy pipes, copper liquid are prepared using the cold combination casting mold horizontal continuous casting process of heat
1300 DEG C of fusion temperature, heat type (casting mold bringing-up section) temperature is 1250 DEG C, and primary cooling water flow is 1200L/h, water spray secondary
Cooling water flow is 800L/h, and hauling speed is 100mm/min.
(2) pipe for preparing step (1) directly carries out 6 passage drawings, wherein the 1st, 2 passages are expanding drawing, the 3rd,
4th, 5,6 passages are undergauge drawing.1st, the lengthening coefficient of 2 passages be respectively the 0.96 and 0.96, the 3rd, 4,5, the extension system of 6 passages
Number is respectively 1.22,1.22,1.23 and 1.21.It is not required to carry out intermediate annealing in drawing process.
(3) by drawing pipes progress finished product bright annealing, 800 DEG C of annealing temperature in step (2), annealing time is 1h, is moved back
Fiery protective atmosphere 2%H2+ surplus N2, it is therefore an objective to the finished product tubing of soft state is obtained, performance reaches use requirement.
Embodiment 4：Size is Φ 180 × 4mm BFe30-1-1 copper-nickel alloys (soft state) straight tube production method
(1) 190 × 8mm of Φ BFe30-1-1 copper-nickel alloy pipes, copper liquid are prepared using the cold combination casting mold horizontal continuous casting process of heat
1300 DEG C of fusion temperature, heat type (casting mold bringing-up section) temperature is 1250 DEG C, and primary cooling water flow is 1200L/h, water spray secondary
Cooling water flow is 800L/h, and hauling speed is 100mm/min.
(2) pipe for preparing step (1) directly carries out 6 passage drawings, wherein the 1st, 2 passages are expanding drawing, the 3rd,
4th, 5,6 passages are undergauge drawing.1st, the lengthening coefficient of 2 passages be respectively the 0.96 and 0.96, the 3rd, 4,5, the extension system of 6 passages
Number is respectively 1.22,1.22,1.23 and 1.21.It is not required to carry out intermediate annealing in drawing process.
(3) by drawing pipes progress finished product bright annealing, 650 DEG C of annealing temperature in step (2), annealing time is 1h, is moved back
Fiery protective atmosphere 2%H2+ surplus N2, it is therefore an objective to the finished product tubing of half-hard state is obtained, performance reaches use requirement.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are (1) is of the invention compared with the common horizontal continuous casting pipe of casting drawing process
Use it is hot it is cold combination casting mold horizontal continuous casting process can produce major diameter, thin-walled copper-nickel alloy pipe, with surfaces externally and internally it is bright and clean, tissue
It is fine and close, the features such as cold-forming property is excellent, be suitable for directly carrying out expanding or/and undergauge drawing processing.
(2) production method provided by the present invention is compared with existing squeezed drawing process, and production technology and equipment are simple, throw
Money is small.Because the copper-nickel alloy pipe inside and outside surface quality using the cold combination casting mold horizontal continuous casting process production of heat is good, the pipe need not
Appearance facing cut face and inner surface treatment are carried out, follow-up drawing processing can be directly carried out, in addition, the processes such as extruding, pickling are eliminated,
Simplify production technology and alleviate carrying capacity of environment, without equipment such as large-tonnage extruding and pickling, reduce equipment investment.
(3) compared with squeezed drawing production technology, the method technological process of the invention provided is short, lumber recovery is high, production cost
It is low.Continuous casting continuously cast billet for pipe-making of the present invention has high fine and close, high axial orientation columanar structure, its cold machine-shaping performance
Significantly better than conventional cast or the pipe of extruding, the drawing processing of multi-pass aximal deformation value can be carried out, is conducive to improving passage
Working modulus, reduces drawing passes, reduces and even saves the links such as intermediate annealing, significantly shorten technological process, reduce energy consumption
And production cost, improve lumber recovery.Squeezed drawing process production more than external diameter 100mm, wall thickness more than 3mm copper-nickel alloy tubing, into
Material rate is less than 40%, and uses present invention process, and lumber recovery can bring up to more than 70%-80%, technological process shorten half with
On.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of large diameter thin wall copper-nickel alloy tubing short-flow production method, it is characterised in that methods described is using the cold combination casting of heat
Type horizontal continuous casting process, production has good inside and outside surface quality, dense structure, the big-size thinning plastic White Copper Tubes of axial orientation tissue
Base, directly carries out follow-up multi pass drawing processing under conditions of without surface treatment to pipe, and production large diameter thin wall is white
Copper pipe；The continuous cast mold used in the cold combination casting mold horizontal continuous casting process of the heat by be forced heating heat type section and by
Recirculated water forces the cold mould section of cooling to combine, by controlling tubing freezing interface position to be between heat type section and cold mould section
Region, production great surface quality, the pipe of axial orientation tissue；The cold mould section crystallizer is using circumferential cooling water subregion control
Mode processed, the circumferential intensity of cooling uniformity of tubing is controlled during to crystallization, obtains the uniform pipe of structure property；The copper-nickel alloy
A diameter of 160~350mm, the 5~30mm of wall thickness of pipe.
2. large diameter thin wall copper-nickel alloy tubing short-flow production method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that methods described
Step is specific as follows：
(1) a diameter of 160~350mm of Φ, 5~30mm of wall thickness White Copper Tubes are produced using the cold combination casting mold horizontal continuous casting process of heat
Base；
(2) expanding or/and contracting is carried out to 160~350mm of external diameter in step (1), 5~30mm of wall thickness continuously cast billet for pipe-making point multi-pass
Footpath drawing process processing；
(3) tubing after being processed in step (2) is subjected to finished product bright annealing, tissue and performance is regulated and controled, have product
There is the surface state of light, meet actual operation requirements.
3. large diameter thin wall copper-nickel alloy tubing short-flow production method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the step
(1) specifically, 1150~1300 DEG C of copper liquid temperature, 1100~1250 DEG C of heat type temperature, cold mould primary cooling water flow 1500~
4000L/h, water spray secondary 800~2000L/h of cooling water flow, 50~300mm/min of hauling speed.
4. large diameter thin wall copper-nickel alloy tubing short-flow production method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the step
(2) specifically, the expanding drawing and undergauge drawing can individually, successively or alternately, the expanding lengthening coefficient 0.80 of passage~
1.0, passage undergauge lengthening coefficient 1.1~1.5,1~100m/min of drawing speed, produce 100~320mm of external diameter, wall thickness 3~
20mm copper-nickel alloy tubing.
5. large diameter thin wall copper-nickel alloy tubing short-flow production method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the tubing
Low temperature recovery annealing, 300~500 DEG C of temperature, 0.5~2h of annealing time are carried out in drawing process.
6. large diameter thin wall copper-nickel alloy tubing short-flow production method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the step
(3) it is specially：Soft 700~850 DEG C of state product annealing temperature, annealing time is 0.5~2h or half-hard state product annealing temperature 550
~700 DEG C, annealing time is 0.5~2h；Annealing Protection atmosphere is 2%H2, remaining as N2。
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