CN105312353A - Large-diameter thin-wall cupronickel tube short process production method - Google Patents
Large-diameter thin-wall cupronickel tube short process production method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a large-diameter thin-wall cupronickel tube short process production method and belongs to the technical field of metal materials. Specific to the problems that large-scale extrusion equipment up to 5000 tons is needed to produce large-diameter thin-wall cupronickel tubes through a traditional technique of semi-continuous casting solid ingot casting, punching, extruding, acid pickling, drawing and annealing, the finished product rate is low and the cost is high, the invention provides a method for producing the large-diameter thin-wall cupronickel tubes. Hot and cold combination casting horizontal continuous casting is adopted to producing large-size cupronickel tube blanks, and then a hole enlargement or/and hole shrinkage drawing is adopted to machining and forming the large-diameter thin-wall cupronickel tubes. The method has the advantages of being small in equipment investment, short in technical process, free of acid pickling and the like. The outer diameter of horizontal continuous casting tube blanks is 110-350 mm, the wall thickness is 5-30 mm, the elongation coefficient of hole enlargement drawing pass is 0.80-1.0, and the elongation coefficient of hole shrinkage drawing pass is 1.1-1.5; the outer diameter of machined products is 100-320 mm, and the wall thickness is 3-20 mm.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of metal, relate to a kind of large diameter thin wall copper-nickel alloy tubing short-flow production method.
Background technology
Copper-nickel alloy has higher intensity, good heat conductivility and decay resistance, is widely used in heat exchange and the seawaterline pipe in the fields such as thermal power generation, boats and ships, desalinization.Wherein the size range of seawaterline pipe (comprising pipeline, flange, valve, bellows) is generally external diameter 50 ~ 310mm, wall thickness 3 ~ 10mm, the important feature parts [Zhang Wenyu in the field such as desalinization, boats and ships, the naval vessel current situation and tendency of piping material, new material industry, 2011, No.2, p.62 ~ 65].Along with developing rapidly of the marine industry such as China's desalinization, boats and ships, the demand of White Copper Tubes increases fast, and height is anti-corrosion, overlength, major diameter, high accuracy copper-nickel alloy tubing are the crucial Cu alloy materials of ocean engineering.But production difficulty is large, only has a few countries such as Germany, Korea S can produce high accuracy, major diameter copper-nickel alloy tubing in batches, domestic main dependence on import in the world.
At present, major diameter (more than 100mm) White Copper Tubes mainly adopts " D.C.casting solid ingot casting-perforation extruding-pickling-expanding drawing-intermediate annealing-undergauge drawing-annealing " technique (being called for short " squeezed draw " technique) [is shown in: Wang Hua magnitude, a kind of process for making of major diameter White Copper Tubes, Chinese invention patent, grant number ZL200710054272.X; Chen Qin, Liu Guanglong, Li Juan, the product development of heavy caliber White Copper Tubes and technical study, Shanghai non-ferrous metal, 2013, Vol34, No.2, p.55 ~ 58]) produce.But in " squeezed draw " technique, the pipe producing more than diameter 200mm needs the large-scale extrusion equipment of more than 5000 tons, and greatly, need pickling process in production process, carrying capacity of environment is heavier for investment of production; And adopting conventional cast-extrusion tube blank to carry out drawing processing, pass deformation is little, and processing passage and intermediate annealing often, cause technological process length, product lumber recovery low (lower than 40%) and high in cost of production problem.
Adopt horizontal continuous casting process to prepare pipe, replace traditional casting-extrusion tube blank, producing copper-nickel alloy tubing in conjunction with follow-up cold working, is the important channel solved the problem.The human hairs such as Zhang Xigang understand that " horizontal casting hollow bloom-appearance facing cut face-planetary rolling/cold rolling-vertical pulling or dish draw " technique (is called for short " casting daraf(reciprocal of farad) ", [Zhang Xigang, Chen Mingyu, Wang Zhenming, Fan Zhen, Lei Yu, Chen Huiguo, Cheng great Yong, the production method of large-coil-weight white copper alloy coil pipe, Chinese invention patent, grant number CN201310003223.9]).This technique adopts common horizontal continuous casting process to prepare pipe, replace traditional " semicontinuous solid ingot casting-hot extrusion pipe ", pipe production technology can be simplified, reduce energy consumption and enhance productivity, but continuously cast billet for pipe-making surfaces externally and internally easily produces the defects such as orange peel, pile displacement, fold, before cold working, its outer surface needs milling face, reduce lumber recovery, its defect in inner surface cleaning difficulty, is brought into subsequent processing operations, affects product quality.In addition, common horizontal casting is difficult to production major diameter, thin wall alloy pipe, due to problems such as the radial columanar structure of pipe are flourishing and density is low, the rolling processing carrying out aximal deformation value is needed to improve the structure property of tubing, therefore, mainly for the production of the White Copper Tubes of below diameter 60mm compared with small dimension, be difficult to produce the above large diameter thin wall pipe of Φ 100mm.
Based on above-mentioned background, the present invention proposes to adopt hot cold combination casting mold horizontal continuous casting process to produce big-size thinning plastic copper-nickel alloy pipe, directly drawing processing is carried out to continuously cast billet for pipe-making, realize major diameter, thin-walled, high accuracy, high-quality copper-nickel alloy tubing short route produce, solve that the investment of traditional large diameter thin wall copper-nickel alloy tubing production technology is large, long flow path, lumber recovery are low, high in cost of production problem.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is large for the investment of large diameter thin wall copper-nickel alloy tubing traditional processing technology, long flow path, lumber recovery are low, high in cost of production problem, provide a kind of and have that investment is little, the large diameter thin wall copper-nickel alloy tubing short-flow production method of the feature such as high yield and low cost.
For achieving the above object, the present invention is by the following technical solutions:
A kind of large diameter thin wall copper-nickel alloy tubing short-flow production method, described method adopts hot cold combination casting mold horizontal continuous casting technology, produce have that surfaces externally and internally quality is good, dense structure, axial orientation tissue big-size thinning plastic copper-nickel alloy pipe, do not carrying out directly carrying out follow-up multi pass drawing processing to pipe under surface-treated condition, producing large diameter thin wall copper-nickel alloy tubing.
Further, described method step is specific as follows:
(1) adopting hot cold combination casting mold horizontal continuous casting process to produce diameter is Φ 160 ~ 350m, wall thickness 5 ~ 30mm
Copper-nickel alloy pipe;
(2) multi-pass is divided to carry out to the continuously cast billet for pipe-making of external diameter 160 ~ 350mm, wall thickness 5 ~ 30mm in step (1) expanding or/and the processing of undergauge drawing process;
(3) tubing after processing in step (2) is carried out finished product bright annealing, structure and properties is regulated and controled, make product have the surface state of light, meet actual operation requirements.
Further, described step (1) is specially, copper liquid temperature 1150 ~ 1300 DEG C, pattern of fever temperature 1100 ~ 1250 DEG C, cold mould primary cooling water flow 1500 ~ 4000L/h, water spray secondary cooling water flow 800 ~ 2000L/h, hauling speed 50 ~ 300mm/min.
Further, described step (2) is specially, described expanding drawing and undergauge drawing can separately, successively or hocket, the expanding lengthening coefficient 0.80 ~ 1.0 of passage, passage undergauge lengthening coefficient 1.1 ~ 1.5, drawing speed 1 ~ 100m/min, produces the copper-nickel alloy tubing of external diameter 100 ~ 320mm, wall thickness 3 ~ 20mm.
Further, in described tube-drawing process, low temperature recovery annealing can be carried out, temperature 300 ~ 500 DEG C, annealing time 0.5 ~ 2h.
Further, described step (3) is specially: soft state product annealing temperature 700 ~ 850 DEG C, and annealing time is 0.5 ~ 2h or half-hard state product annealing temperature 550 ~ 700 DEG C, and annealing time is 0.5 ~ 2h;
Annealing Protection atmosphere is 2%H2, remaining as N2.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is, (1) compared with producing pipe with the common horizontal casting of casting drawing process, the heat cold combination casting mold horizontal continuous casting process that the present invention adopts can production major diameter, thin-walled copper-nickel alloy pipe, the feature such as have that surfaces externally and internally is bright and clean, dense structure, cold-forming property are excellent, is suitable for directly carrying out expanding or/and undergauge drawing processing.
(2) production method provided by the present invention is compared with existing squeezed drawing process, and production technology and equipment simply, are invested little.Because the copper-nickel alloy pipe surfaces externally and internally quality adopting hot cold combination casting mold horizontal continuous casting process to produce is good, this pipe is without the need to carrying out appearance facing cut face and inner surface treatment, can directly carry out follow-up drawing processing, in addition, eliminate the operations such as extruding, pickling, simplify production technology and alleviate carrying capacity of environment, without the need to equipment such as large-tonnage extruding and pickling, reducing equipment investment.
(3) draw compared with production technology with squeezed, method technological process provided by the invention is short, lumber recovery is high, production cost is low.Continuous casting continuously cast billet for pipe-making of the present invention has high densification, high axial orientation columanar structure, its cold machine-shaping performance is significantly better than the pipe of conventional cast or extruding, the drawing processing of multi-pass aximal deformation value can be carried out, be conducive to improving pass reduction, reduce drawing passes, reduce and even save the links such as intermediate annealing, significantly shorten technological process, reduce energy consumption and production cost, improve lumber recovery.Squeezed drawing process produces the copper-nickel alloy tubing of more than external diameter 100mm, wall thickness more than 3mm, and lumber recovery lower than 40%, and adopts present invention process, and lumber recovery can bring up to more than 70%-80%, and technological process is shortened over half.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, with the following Examples, the present invention is explained in further detail.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only for explaining the present invention, being not intended to limit the present invention.
On the contrary, the present invention is contained any by the substituting of making on marrow of the present invention and scope of defining of claim, amendment, equivalent method and scheme.Further, in order to make the public have a better understanding to the present invention, in hereafter details of the present invention being described, detailedly describe some specific detail sections.Do not have the description of these detail sections can understand the present invention completely for a person skilled in the art yet.
A kind of large diameter thin wall copper-nickel alloy tubing short-flow production method, technical scheme is: described method adopts hot cold combination casting mold horizontal continuous casting technology, produce have that surfaces externally and internally quality is good, dense structure, axial orientation tissue big-size thinning plastic copper-nickel alloy pipe, do not carrying out directly carrying out follow-up multi pass drawing processing to pipe under surface-treated condition, producing large diameter thin wall copper-nickel alloy tubing.The feature of described heat cold combination casting mold horizontal casting is that continuous cast mold is combined by the pattern of fever section being forced to heat and the cold mould section being recycled water pressure cooling, the region between pattern of fever section and cold mould section is in by control position, tubing freezing interface, produce the pipe of great surface quality, axial orientation tissue, on the other hand, cold mould section crystallizer adopts circumferential cooling water zonal control mode, tubing circumference intensity of cooling uniformity during crystallization is controlled, obtains the uniform pipe of structure property.
A kind of large diameter thin wall copper-nickel alloy tubing short-flow production method, concrete steps are as follows:
(1) adopting hot cold combination casting mold horizontal continuous casting process to produce diameter is Φ 160 ~ 350m, wall thickness 5 ~ 30mm
Copper-nickel alloy (as BFe10-1-1 and BFe30-1-1) pipe: copper liquid temperature 1150 ~ 1300 DEG C, pattern of fever (casting mold bringing-up section) temperature 1100 ~ 1250 DEG C, cold mould (water mold) primary cooling water flow 1500 ~ 4000L/h, water spray secondary cooling water flow 800 ~ 2000L/h, hauling speed 50 ~ 300mm/min;
(2) multi-pass is divided to carry out to the continuously cast billet for pipe-making of external diameter 160 ~ 350mm, wall thickness 5 ~ 30mm in step (1) expanding or/and the processing of undergauge drawing process, expanding drawing and undergauge drawing can separately, successively or hocket, the expanding lengthening coefficient 0.80 ~ 1.0 of passage, passage undergauge lengthening coefficient 1.1 ~ 1.5, drawing speed 1 ~ 100m/min, can produce the copper-nickel alloy tubing of external diameter 100 ~ 320mm, wall thickness 3 ~ 20mm.Low temperature recovery annealing can be carried out as required, temperature 300 ~ 500 DEG C, annealing time 0.5 ~ 2h in aforementioned tubes drawing process;
(3) tubing after processing in step (2) is carried out finished product bright annealing, mainly structure and properties is entered
Row regulation and control, and make product have the surface state of light, meet actual operation requirements.After tubing reaches finished size, annealing process is formulated according to annealing device type, size of pipe and tubing, supply of material state etc., general soft state product annealing temperature 700 ~ 850 DEG C, annealing time is 0.5 ~ 2h or half-hard state product annealing temperature 550 ~ 700 DEG C, and annealing time is 0.5 ~ 2h;
Annealing Protection atmosphere is 2%H
2, remaining as N
2.
embodiment 1:be of a size of Φ 220 × 5mmBFe10-1-1 copper-nickel alloy (soft state) straight tube production method
(1) hot cold combination casting mold horizontal continuous casting process is adopted to prepare the BFe10-1-1 copper-nickel alloy pipe of Φ 230 × 10mm, copper liquid fusion temperature 1250 DEG C, pattern of fever (casting mold bringing-up section) temperature is 1200 DEG C, primary cooling water flow is 1200L/h, water spray secondary cooling water flow is 1000L/h, and hauling speed is 80mm/min.
(2) pipe prepared by step (1) is directly carried out 6 passes of drawing, wherein the 1st, 2 passages are expanding drawing, the 3rd, 4,5,6 passages are undergauge drawing.1st, the lengthening coefficient of 2 passages is respectively 0.98 and 0.98, the 3rd, 4,5, the lengthening coefficient of 6 passages is respectively 1.24,1.22,1.22 and 1.18.Do not need in drawing process to carry out intermediate annealing.
(3) drawing pipes in step (2) is carried out finished product bright annealing, annealing temperature 780 DEG C, annealing time is 1h, Annealing Protection atmosphere 2%H
2+ surplus N
2, object is the finished product tubing obtaining soft state, and performance reaches instructions for use.
embodiment 2:be of a size of Φ 160 × 3mmBFe10-1-1 copper-nickel alloy (soft state) straight tube production method
(1) hot cold combination casting mold horizontal continuous casting process is adopted to prepare the BFe10-1-1 copper-nickel alloy pipe of Φ 170 × 6mm, copper liquid fusion temperature 1250 DEG C, pattern of fever (casting mold bringing-up section) temperature is 1200 DEG C, primary cooling water flow is 1000L/h, water spray secondary cooling water flow is 600L/h, and hauling speed is 100mm/min.
(2) pipe prepared by step (1) is directly carried out 5 passes of drawing, wherein the 1st, 2 passages are expanding drawing, the 3rd, 4,5 passages are undergauge drawing.1st, the lengthening coefficient of 2 passages is respectively 0.98 and 0.97, the 3rd, 4, the lengthening coefficient of 5 passages is respectively 1.30,1.30 and 1.28.Do not need in drawing process to carry out intermediate annealing.
(3) drawing pipes in step (2) is carried out finished product bright annealing, annealing temperature 750 DEG C, annealing time is 1h, Annealing Protection atmosphere 2%H
2+ surplus N
2, object is the finished product tubing obtaining soft state, and performance reaches instructions for use.
embodiment 3:be of a size of Φ 180 × 4mmBFe30-1-1 copper-nickel alloy (soft state) straight tube production method
(1) hot cold combination casting mold horizontal continuous casting process is adopted to prepare the BFe30-1-1 copper-nickel alloy pipe of Φ 190 × 8mm, copper liquid fusion temperature 1300 DEG C, pattern of fever (casting mold bringing-up section) temperature is 1250 DEG C, primary cooling water flow is 1200L/h, water spray secondary cooling water flow is 800L/h, and hauling speed is 100mm/min.
(2) pipe prepared by step (1) is directly carried out 6 passes of drawing, wherein the 1st, 2 passages are expanding drawing, the 3rd, 4,5,6 passages are undergauge drawing.1st, the lengthening coefficient of 2 passages is respectively 0.96 and 0.96, the 3rd, 4,5, the lengthening coefficient of 6 passages is respectively 1.22,1.22,1.23 and 1.21.Do not need in drawing process to carry out intermediate annealing.
(3) drawing pipes in step (2) is carried out finished product bright annealing, annealing temperature 800 DEG C, annealing time is 1h, Annealing Protection atmosphere 2%H
2+ surplus N
2, object is the finished product tubing obtaining soft state, and performance reaches instructions for use.
embodiment 4:be of a size of Φ 180 × 4mmBFe30-1-1 copper-nickel alloy (soft state) straight tube production method
(1) hot cold combination casting mold horizontal continuous casting process is adopted to prepare the BFe30-1-1 copper-nickel alloy pipe of Φ 190 × 8mm, copper liquid fusion temperature 1300 DEG C, pattern of fever (casting mold bringing-up section) temperature is 1250 DEG C, primary cooling water flow is 1200L/h, water spray secondary cooling water flow is 800L/h, and hauling speed is 100mm/min.
(2) pipe prepared by step (1) is directly carried out 6 passes of drawing, wherein the 1st, 2 passages are expanding drawing, the 3rd, 4,5,6 passages are undergauge drawing.1st, the lengthening coefficient of 2 passages is respectively 0.96 and 0.96, the 3rd, 4,5, the lengthening coefficient of 6 passages is respectively 1.22,1.22,1.23 and 1.21.Do not need in drawing process to carry out intermediate annealing.
(3) drawing pipes in step (2) is carried out finished product bright annealing, annealing temperature 650 DEG C, annealing time is 1h, Annealing Protection atmosphere 2%H
2+ surplus N
2, object is the finished product tubing obtaining half-hard state, and performance reaches instructions for use.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is, (1) compared with producing pipe with the common horizontal casting of casting drawing process, the heat cold combination casting mold horizontal continuous casting process that the present invention adopts can production major diameter, thin-walled copper-nickel alloy pipe, the feature such as have that surfaces externally and internally is bright and clean, dense structure, cold-forming property are excellent, is suitable for directly carrying out expanding or/and undergauge drawing processing.
(2) production method provided by the present invention is compared with existing squeezed drawing process, and production technology and equipment simply, are invested little.Because the copper-nickel alloy pipe surfaces externally and internally quality adopting hot cold combination casting mold horizontal continuous casting process to produce is good, this pipe is without the need to carrying out appearance facing cut face and inner surface treatment, can directly carry out follow-up drawing processing, in addition, eliminate the operations such as extruding, pickling, simplify production technology and alleviate carrying capacity of environment, without the need to equipment such as large-tonnage extruding and pickling, reducing equipment investment.
(3) draw compared with production technology with squeezed, method technological process provided by the invention is short, lumber recovery is high, production cost is low.Continuous casting continuously cast billet for pipe-making of the present invention has high densification, high axial orientation columanar structure, its cold machine-shaping performance is significantly better than the pipe of conventional cast or extruding, the drawing processing of multi-pass aximal deformation value can be carried out, be conducive to improving pass reduction, reduce drawing passes, reduce and even save the links such as intermediate annealing, significantly shorten technological process, reduce energy consumption and production cost, improve lumber recovery.Squeezed drawing process produces the copper-nickel alloy tubing of more than external diameter 100mm, wall thickness more than 3mm, and lumber recovery lower than 40%, and adopts present invention process, and lumber recovery can bring up to more than 70%-80%, and technological process is shortened over half.
Claims (6)
1. a large diameter thin wall copper-nickel alloy tubing short-flow production method, it is characterized in that, described method adopts hot cold combination casting mold horizontal continuous casting technology, produce have that surfaces externally and internally quality is good, dense structure, axial orientation tissue big-size thinning plastic copper-nickel alloy pipe, do not carrying out directly carrying out follow-up multi pass drawing processing to pipe under surface-treated condition, producing large diameter thin wall copper-nickel alloy tubing.
2. large diameter thin wall copper-nickel alloy tubing short-flow production method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described method step is specific as follows:
(1) adopting hot cold combination casting mold horizontal continuous casting process to produce diameter is Φ 160 ~ 350m, wall thickness 5 ~ 30mm
Copper-nickel alloy pipe;
(2) multi-pass is divided to carry out to the continuously cast billet for pipe-making of external diameter 160 ~ 350mm, wall thickness 5 ~ 30mm in step (1) expanding or/and the processing of undergauge drawing process;
(3) tubing after processing in step (2) is carried out finished product bright annealing, structure and properties is regulated and controled, make product have the surface state of light, meet actual operation requirements.
3. large diameter thin wall copper-nickel alloy tubing short-flow production method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described step (1) is specially, copper liquid temperature 1150 ~ 1300 DEG C, pattern of fever temperature 1100 ~ 1250 DEG C, cold mould primary cooling water flow 1500 ~ 4000L/h, water spray secondary cooling water flow 800 ~ 2000L/h, hauling speed 50 ~ 300mm/min.
4. large diameter thin wall copper-nickel alloy tubing short-flow production method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described step (2) is specially, described expanding drawing and undergauge drawing can separately, successively or hocket, the expanding lengthening coefficient 0.80 ~ 1.0 of passage, passage undergauge lengthening coefficient 1.1 ~ 1.5, drawing speed 1 ~ 100m/min, produces the copper-nickel alloy tubing of external diameter 100 ~ 320mm, wall thickness 3 ~ 20mm.
5. large diameter thin wall copper-nickel alloy tubing short-flow production method according to claim 4, is characterized in that, can carry out low temperature recovery annealing in described tube-drawing process, temperature 300 ~ 500 DEG C, annealing time 0.5 ~ 2h.
6. large diameter thin wall copper-nickel alloy tubing short-flow production method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described step (3) is specially: soft state product annealing temperature 700 ~ 850 DEG C, and annealing time is 0.5 ~ 2h or half-hard state product annealing temperature 550 ~ 700 DEG C, and annealing time is 0.5 ~ 2h;
Annealing Protection atmosphere is 2%H
2, remaining as N
2.
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| CN110814069A (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2020-02-21 | 龙口市龙蓬精密铜管有限公司 | Production method of semi-hard copper straight pipe and drawing die thereof |
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| CN114101371A (en) * | 2021-11-09 | 2022-03-01 | 中铝洛阳铜加工有限公司 | Processing method of large-caliber thick-wall copper pipe for annular conduction band |
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| CN107716885B (en) * | 2016-08-12 | 2019-09-10 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of copper alloy with high strength and high conductivity band short-flow production method |
| CN107716885A (en) * | 2016-08-12 | 2018-02-23 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of copper alloy with high strength and high conductivity band short-flow production method |
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| CN109821927A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2019-05-31 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of production method of major diameter White Copper Tubes |
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| CN110732566B (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2021-02-05 | 浙江国邦钢业有限公司 | Large-caliber S31254 super austenitic stainless steel seamless tube and preparation process thereof |
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| CN114101371B (en) * | 2021-11-09 | 2023-05-30 | 中铝洛阳铜加工有限公司 | Processing method of large-caliber thick-wall copper pipe for annular conduction band |
| CN115415350A (en) * | 2022-08-30 | 2022-12-02 | 金川集团股份有限公司 | Production method of large-diameter and overweight cupronickel large pipe |
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