CN105305829B - The unidirectional DC DC converters of current mode and symmetric double PWM add phase-shifting control method - Google Patents
The unidirectional DC DC converters of current mode and symmetric double PWM add phase-shifting control method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of unidirectional DC DC converters of current mode disclosed by the invention and the symmetric double PWM for being controlled to converter add phase-shifting control method, are related to the unidirectional DC DC converters of current mode and control method, belong to field of power electronics.The converter of the present invention is made up of main circuit and control circuit；Main circuit is made up of input side and outlet side；Control circuit includes controller and drive circuit.Invention additionally discloses for controlling a kind of symmetric double PWM of the unidirectional DC DC converters of current mode to add phase-shifting control method.The present invention passes through low-pressure side voltage vabWith high side voltage vcdBetween phase shifting control ring regulation, and pass through low-pressure side PWM control ring adjusting switch pipe dutycycles, realize the low ripple operation for reducing current stress and circulation loss and realizing circuit input current, reduce the circulation loss of input side switching tube current stress and converter, the ZVS Sofe Switch of the semi-active full-bridge switch pipe of outlet side and the ZCS switches of diode are realized, improves the efficiency and reliability of converter.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of current mode Uniderectional DC-DC converter and the symmetric double PWM for being controlled to converter
Add phase-shifting control method, more particularly to a kind of isolated current mode Uniderectional DC-DC converter and for being controlled to converter
Symmetric double PWM add phase-shifting control method, belong to the high frequency switch power direction of field of power electronics.
Background technology
For the applied power electronics occasion such as fuel cell and photovoltaic generation, there is very wide input voltage range, and wish
Prestige has input current ripple as small as possible.If input current ripple is excessive, it will shortens the life-span of fuel cell, photovoltaic group
Maximum tracking efficiency can also be affected.To DC-DC converter.High transmission efficiency is especially important requirement.Power device
The ZVT (ZVS) of part can improve transducer effciency.For realizing Zero-voltage soft switch, phase-shifting full-bridge (PSFB) DC-
DC converters are a kind of popular methods.But there are some problems to need to be overcome.First, under underloading, lagging leg can not
Realize Sofe Switch；Secondly as the especially severe when low pressure inputs of duty-cycle loss caused by transformer leakage inductance.Duty-cycle loss
So that converter is difficult output rated voltage in normal no-load voltage ratio.Duty-cycle loss can be carried out by improving transformer voltage ratio
Compensation, but this can improve the voltage stress of output rectifying tube and the current stress of primary side.Because the diode of high pressure has
Higher conduction voltage drop, so this can improve diode current flow loss, while the conduction loss of primary side switch pipe can also increase.For
The due to voltage spikes of secondary commutation diode is reduced, it is necessary to extra clamp circuit.So phase-shifting full-bridge when low pressure inputs
The efficiency of DC-DC converter can be very limited.Therefore, phase-shifting full-bridge DC-DC converter is in low pressure input High voltage output field
Conjunction is inapplicable.
A kind of voltage-type hybrid resonant DC-DC converter being made up of full-bridge is in IEEE Transaction on
industry application【Power electronics periodical】" the A Hybrid Resonant Converter delivered in 2014
Utilizing a Bidirectional GaN AC Switch for High-Efficiency PV Applications”
【A kind of hybrid resonant high-efficiency photovoltaic reversible transducer using GaN AC switching tubes】It is suggested in one text.Transformer leakage inductance was both made
Boost inductance is used as again for resonant inductance.Although ZVT can be realized, the structure of controller must be according to input
The value of voltage switches between decompression (buck) pattern and boosting (boost) pattern, can increase the difficulty of design.IEEE
Transaction on power electronics【Power electronics periodical】Document " the A Family of delivered in 2015
Soft-Switching DC–DC Converters Based on a Phase-Shift-Controlled Active
Boost Rectifier”【Sofe Switch DC-DC converter race based on phase shifting control active boost rectification】In single Phaseshift controlling
So that control can ignore the change of voltage, but because switching tube is operated in hard switching condition, converter needs extra clamp
Circuit.
Boosting half-bridge can not only reduce input current ripple, while can also reduce additional start-up circuit.Use biography
The pulse-width controlled of system can not realize the Sofe Switch of all switching tubes in wide input voltage range.Can be such as IEEE
Transaction on power electronics【Power electronics periodical】Document " the An delivered in 2013
integrated boost resonant converter for photovoltaic applications”【One kind is applied to
The converter of the integrated boost resonant inductance of photovoltaic occasion】Described in, transformer leakage inductance is designed to and input side clamping capacitance
With the mode of outlet side capacitor resonance, now output diode can realize Zero Current Switch (ZCS), but the down tube meeting of input side
Lose ZVT (ZVS).
The content of the invention
In order to overcome above-mentioned converter to realize, Sofe Switch in full-load range, controller design are complicated, it is extra to need
The problems such as clamp circuit, a kind of current mode Uniderectional DC-DC converter disclosed by the invention and for being controlled to converter
Symmetric double PWM adds phase-shifting control method, and technical problems to be solved are can to reduce current stress and circulation loss and realization
The low ripple operation of circuit input current, reduces the circulation loss of input side switching tube current stress and converter, realizes output
The ZVS Sofe Switch of the semi-active full-bridge switch pipe in side and the ZCS switches of diode, improve the efficiency and reliability of converter.
A kind of current mode Uniderectional DC-DC converter disclosed by the invention and the symmetric double for being controlled to converter
PWM adds phase-shifting control method.Converter is made up of main circuit and control circuit；The main circuit is by input side and outlet side group
Into；Control circuit includes controller and drive circuit.Topology based on proposition, phase-shifting control method is added using symmetric double PWM.It is logical
Cross while adjust phase shifting angle of the duty when between input side and outlet side voltage, reduce the stage leakage inductance electricity not transmitted in power
Virtual value is flowed, reduces circuit on-state loss and circulation loss caused by electric current, while reduces current peak, reducing power device should
Power.Outlet side diode can realize Zero Current Switch in gamut.When phase shifting angle is smaller, biased electrical in transformer leakage inductance is utilized
Stream realizes the ZVT of output side switch pipe, so as to ensure that switching tube realizes Sofe Switch in full-load range, further
Reduce circuit loss.Empirical tests, circuit topology proposed by the present invention and control method can reduce current stress and circulation loss
And realize the low ripple operation of circuit input current, it is possible to increase the efficiency and reliability of converter.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.
A kind of current mode Uniderectional DC-DC converter, is mainly made up of main circuit and control circuit.Main circuit is mainly by inputting
Side and outlet side are formed, and input side is used to the low pressure of input carrying out first time boosting, and transformer voltage ratio is wanted so as to reduce
Ask, reduce the current stress of input side switching tube, and reduce the ripple of input；Outlet side is used to realize to transformer alternating electricity
The rectification of pressure, realize that rated voltage exports；Described input side includes DC inductance (L1、L2) and by switching tube (Q1、Q2、Q1a、
Q2a) and clamping capacitance (Cd1、Cd2) composition clamp circuit, outlet side is by semi-active full-bridge and output capacitance (Co) composition, partly have
Source full-bridge includes switching tube (S3、S4) and diode (Dr1、Dr2)。
Annexation is：The DC inductance L of input side1And L2One end simultaneously be connected with input power positive pole, DC inductance
L1With DC inductance L2The other end respectively with boost half-bridge midpoint a and b be connected, while a points respectively with switching tube Q1aSource
Pole, Q1Drain electrode, inductance LrOne end is connected, switching tube Q1aDrain electrode and clamping capacitance Cd1One end connects, switching tube Q2aDrain electrode
It is connected to clamping capacitance Cd2One end, switching tube Q1Source electrode, switching tube Q2Source electrode, clamping capacitance Cd1With clamping capacitance Cd2One
End is connected to input power negative pole, inductance LrThe other end be connected with transformer Tr primary sides one end, the transformer Tr primary side other ends
It is connected to b points；Input side and outlet side produce electrical connection by transformer Tr；The both ends of transformer Tr secondary are connected respectively to
Midpoint c and d, the c point of semi-active full-bridge and diode Dr1Anode and switching tube S3Drain electrode be connected, d points and Dr2Anode and
Switching tube S4Drain electrode be connected, diode Dr1, diode Dr2Negative electrode, output capacitance CoOne end be all connected to output loading
One end, switching tube S3, switching tube S4Negative electrode, CoOne end simultaneously be connected with the other end of load.
DC-DC converter control circuit is mainly made up of controller and drive circuit；Controller is using dsp controller as core
The heart, for being changed to the voltage x current sampled signal obtained by sensor sample, and add phase shifting control according to symmetric double PWM
Method produces PWM drive signal, adjusts the duty when phase shifting angle between input side and outlet side voltage, can reduce power not
The stage leakage inductance current effective value of transmission, circuit on-state loss and circulation loss caused by electric current are reduced, while reduce current peak
Value, reduce switching tube and diode stress；Outlet side diode is set to realize Zero Current Switch in gamut；Phase shifting angle is smaller
When, the ZVT of output side switch pipe is realized using bias current in transformer leakage inductance, so as to ensure that switching tube is being born entirely
Sofe Switch is realized in the range of load, further reduces circuit loss.Drive circuit is used to receive the pwm signal from controller, warp
Cross after isolation and voltage enhancing as the switching tube (Q of main circuit1、Q2、Q1a、Q2a、S3、S4) driving voltage is provided.
Preferably, switching tube (the Q1、Q2、Q1a、Q2a、S3、S4) it is antiparallel body diode and hourglass source electrode be present
The switching tube of parasitic capacitance.
A kind of symmetric double PWM for controlling current mode Uniderectional DC-DC converter adds phase-shifting control method, including symmetrical
Two control loops of dual PWM-VSI ring and phase shifting control ring；Specific rate-determining steps are as follows：
Step 1：Pass through low-pressure side voltage vabWith high side voltage vcdBetween phase shifting control ring regulation, make input side
Voltage vabWaveform is ahead of outlet side voltage vcdPhase angle Φ；In underloading, make transformer primary side leakage inductance electric current in transformer primary side
Electric current while small value is kept when voltage is zero, reduce circulation loss, improve the conversion efficiency of system.Described small value, which refers to, to be much smaller than
Leakage inductance current peak ILr。
Input side voltage vabWith outlet side voltage vcdBetween phase shifting control ring pass through voltage sensor sample outlet side electricity
Press VoVoltage Feedback of the value as phase shifting control ring, calculate voltage set-point VrefWith VoDifference as phase shifting control loop voltag
The input of digital pi regulator 1, the output of voltage digital pi regulator 1 are used as phase shifting control circular current number after limiter amplitude limit
Word pi regulator 2 gives；Input side electric current i is sampled by current sensorinCurrent feedback of the value as phase shifting control ring,
The set-point of calculating current numeral pi regulator 1 and iinInput of the difference as current digital pi regulator 2, current digital PI adjusts
The output of section device 2 is after limiter amplitude limit as output side switch pipe carrier wave and the phase shifting angle Φ of reference carrier；Reference carrier Vtr1
Through the phase shift of phase-shifting carrier wave controller, 180 ° obtain input side lagging leg carrier wave Vtr2, reference carrier Vtr1Through phase-shifting carrier wave controller
The carrier wave V that phase is Φ is obtained after angle of phase displacement Φ superpositionstr3, by Vtr3Outlet side lagging leg carrier wave V is obtained after 180 ° of phase shifttr4。
Step 2：By the regulation of input side PWM control rings, adjusting switch pipe dutycycle, make output voltage different defeated
Keep stable when entering voltage, and make input side voltage vabWith outlet side voltage vcdIdentical waveform is produced, realizes input side voltage
vabWith outlet side voltage vcdMatching, reduce leakage inductance current peak, the current stress of input side switching tube can be reduced；Make out
Close pipe Q1、Q2Staggeredly turn on, DC inductance L1、L2Upper electric current has 180 ° of phase differences, and the superposition of DC inductance electric current can reduce input
Current ripples.
Input side clamping capacitance C is sampled by voltage sensord1And Cd2On voltage Vc(i.e. transformer input side voltage
vab), give V with the voltage by calculatingref/ n, to Vref/ n ask the digital PI after difference as PWM control rings to adjust
The input of device 3, by the output of PWM control ring numerals pi regulator 3, adjusted device exports V after limiter amplitude limitm, by VmWith
Carrier wave carrier wave Vtr1、Vtr2、Vtr3And Vtr4Compare, respectively obtain switching tube Q1、Q2、S3And S4PWM drive signal, by switching tube Q1
And Q2Drive signal it is reverse after respectively as switching tube Q1aAnd Q2aPWM drive signal；Therefore switching tube Q1、Q2、S3And S4Have
Same duty cycle.Described n=N1：N2。
Beneficial effect：
1st, isolated current mode Uniderectional DC-DC converter disclosed by the invention and symmetrical for what is be controlled to converter
Double PWM add phase-shifting control method, by all being controlled using PWM input side and outlet side voltage, produce the equivalent PWM of identical
Width, and phase shifting control is used between outlet side and input side, to control the direction of power and size.Wherein input side and output
Side dutycycle is designed to unanimously, voltage vabAnd vcdWaveform is consistent, simply vabWaveform is ahead of vcdPhase angle and Φ；In underloading, become
Depressor primary side leakage inductance electric current electric current while keeps small value when primary voltage of transformer is zero, reduces circulation loss, improves system
Conversion efficiency.
2nd, the symmetric double PWM of isolated current mode Uniderectional DC-DC converter of the invention adds phase-shifting control method, by low
The regulation of side PWM control rings is pressed, adjusting switch pipe dutycycle, output voltage is kept stable in different input voltages, and make
Input side voltage vabWith outlet side voltage vcdIdentical waveform is produced, realizes input side voltage vabWith outlet side voltage vcd
Match somebody with somebody, reduce leakage inductance current peak, the current stress of input side switching tube can be reduced.
3rd, by the input side DC inductance of isolated current mode Uniderectional DC-DC converter of the invention to input current
Effect, reduces the ripple of input current, improves the service life of fuel cell and photovoltaic group, improves the effect of maximal power tracing
Fruit.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the isolated Uniderectional DC-DC converter electrical block diagram of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is that the symmetric double PWM of the embodiment of the present invention adds phase-shifting control method block diagram；
Fig. 3 a) it is the main oscillogram of present example；
Fig. 3 b) it is the main oscillogram of present example.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with drawings and examples, while also describes technical solution of the present invention
The technical problem and beneficial effect of solution, it should be pointed out that described embodiment is intended merely to facilitate the understanding of the present invention,
And any restriction effect is not played to it.
A kind of current mode Uniderectional DC-DC converter, is mainly made up of main circuit and control circuit.As shown in figure 1, main circuit
Mainly it is made up of input side and outlet side, input side is used to the low pressure of input carrying out first time boosting, so as to reduce to transformation
The requirement of device no-load voltage ratio, reduce input side metal-oxide-semiconductor (Q1、Q2、Q1a、Q2a) current stress, and reduce the ripple of input；Outlet side
For realizing to transformer Tr alternating voltages vcdShaping, realize rated voltage export.Described input side includes DC inductance
(L1、L2) and by metal-oxide-semiconductor (Q1、Q2、Q1a、Q2a) and clamping capacitance (Cd1、Cd2) composition clamp circuit, outlet side is by semi-active complete
Bridge and output capacitance CoComposition, semi-active full-bridge include metal-oxide-semiconductor (S3、S4) and diode (Dr1、Dr2).Its annexation is：It is defeated
Enter the DC inductance L of side1And L2One end simultaneously be connected with input power positive pole, DC inductance L1With DC inductance L2It is another
End respectively with boosting half-bridge midpoint a be connected with b, while a points respectively with metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1aSource electrode, Q1Drain electrode, inductance LrOne end
It is connected, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1aDrain electrode and clamping capacitance Cd1One end connects, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2aDrain electrode be connected to clamping capacitance Cd2One end, MOS
Pipe Q1Source electrode, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2Source electrode, clamping capacitance Cd1With clamping capacitance Cd2One end be connected to input power negative pole, inductance
LrThe other end be connected with transformer Tr primary sides one end, the transformer Tr primary side other ends are connected to b points；Input side and outlet side lead to
Cross transformer Tr and produce electrical connection；The both ends of transformer Tr secondary be connected respectively to semi-active full-bridge midpoint c and d, c point with
Diode Dr1Anode and metal-oxide-semiconductor S3Drain electrode be connected, d points and diode Dr2Anode, metal-oxide-semiconductor S4Drain electrode be connected, two poles
Pipe Dr1Negative electrode, diode Dr2Negative electrode, output capacitance CoOne end be all connected to one end of output loading, metal-oxide-semiconductor S3The moon
Pole, metal-oxide-semiconductor S4Negative electrode, CoOne end simultaneously be connected with the other end of load.
As shown in Fig. 2 DC-DC converter control circuit is mainly made up of controller and drive circuit；Controller is with DSP
Controller is core, for being changed to the voltage x current sampled signal obtained by sensor sample, and according to symmetric double PWM
Add phase-shifting control method to produce PWM drive signal, adjust the phase shifting angle Φ between dutycycle D and input side and outlet side voltage,
The stage leakage inductance current effective value that power does not transmit can be reduced, reduce circuit on-state loss and circulation loss caused by electric current,
Reduce leakage inductance electric current i simultaneouslyLrPeak value, reduce metal-oxide-semiconductor (Q1、Q2、Q1a、Q2a) current stress.Such as Fig. 3 a) shown in, work as phase shifting angle
Φ<During 2 π (D-0.5), the ZVT of outlet side metal-oxide-semiconductor is realized using bias current in transformer leakage inductance；Such as Fig. 3 b) institute
Show, as phase shifting angle Φ>During 2 π (D-0.5), leakage inductance electric current is enough to ensure that outlet side metal-oxide-semiconductor (S3、S4) ZVT, so as to
Ensure metal-oxide-semiconductor (S3、S4) can be realized in full-load range Sofe Switch drive circuit be used for receive PWM from controller believe
Number, provide driving voltage after isolating and voltage strengthens for the switching tube of main circuit.In Fig. 3 a) and 3b) in it is known that
In a cycle, leakage inductance electric current iLrAt the time of having two zero passage commutations, in this moment outlet side electric current isZero passage simultaneously, now
Diode turns off naturally, so as to realize diode (Dr1、Dr2) Zero Current Switch, further reduce circuit loss.
Preferably, the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1、Q2、Q1a、Q2a、S3、S4Posting for antiparallel body diode and hourglass source electrode to be present
The metal-oxide-semiconductor of raw electric capacity.
As shown in figure 1, iinFor input side electric current, iL1、iL2Respectively input inductance L1、L2Electric current, iLrFor leakage inductance electricity
Stream, converter output voltage is Vo, the voltage v between 2 points of primary voltage of transformer a, bab, transformer secondary voltage is c, d
Voltage v between 2 pointscd。S3、S4、Q1、Q1a、Q2、Q2aThe gate signal of corresponding metal-oxide-semiconductor is represented respectively.For to a kind of electric current
The symmetric double PWM of type Uniderectional DC-DC converter control adds phase-shifting control method, including symmetric double PWM control rings and phase shifting control
Two control loops of ring, its block diagram are as shown in Figure 2；Specific rate-determining steps are as follows：
Step 1：Pass through input side voltage vabWith outlet side voltage vcdBetween phase shifting control ring regulation, make input side
Voltage vabWaveform is ahead of outlet side voltage vcdPhase angle Φ；In underloading, make transformer primary side leakage inductance electric current iLrIn transformer primary
Polygonal voltage vabWhen being zero while small value is kept, circulation loss can be reduced, improve the conversion efficiency of system.Described small value refers to far
Less than leakage inductance current peak ILr。
Input side voltage vabWith outlet side voltage vcdBetween phase shifting control ring pass through voltage sensor sample outlet side electricity
Press VoVoltage Feedback of the value as phase shifting control ring, calculate voltage set-point VrefWith VoDifference as phase shifting control loop voltag
The input of digital pi regulator 1, the output of voltage digital pi regulator 1 are used as phase shifting control circular current number after limiter amplitude limit
Word pi regulator 2 gives；Input side electric current i is sampled by current sensorinCurrent feedback of the value as phase shifting control ring,
The set-point of calculating current numeral pi regulator 1 and iinInput of the difference as current digital pi regulator 2, current digital PI adjusts
The output of section device 2 is after limiter amplitude limit as outlet side metal-oxide-semiconductor carrier wave and the phase shifting angle Φ of reference carrier；Reference carrier Vtr1
Through the phase shift of phase-shifting carrier wave controller, 180 ° obtain input side lagging leg carrier wave Vtr2, reference carrier Vtr1Through phase-shifting carrier wave controller
The carrier wave V that phase is Φ is obtained after angle of phase displacement Φ superpositionstr3, by Vtr3Outlet side lagging leg carrier wave V is obtained after 180 ° of phase shifttr4。
Step 2：By the regulation of outlet side PWM control rings, adjusting switch pipe dutycycle, make output voltage different defeated
Keep stable when entering voltage, and make input side voltage vabWith outlet side voltage vcdIdentical waveform is produced, realizes input side voltage
vabWith outlet side voltage vcdMatching, reduce leakage inductance current peak, the current stress of input side metal-oxide-semiconductor can be reduced；Make switch
Pipe Q1、Q2Staggeredly turn on, DC inductance L1、L2Upper electric current has 180 ° of phase differences, and the superposition of DC inductance electric current can reduce input electricity
Flow liner ripple.
Input side clamp capacitor C is sampled by voltage sensord1And Cd2On voltage Vc(i.e. transformer input side voltage
vab), give V with the voltage by calculatingref/ n, to Vref/ n ask the digital PI after difference as PWM control rings to adjust
The input of device 3, by the output of PWM control ring numerals pi regulator 3, adjusted device exports V after limiter amplitude limitm, by VmWith
Carrier wave carrier wave Vtr1、Vtr2、Vtr3And Vtr4Compare, respectively obtain metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1、Q2、S3And S4PWM drive signal, by Q1And Q2's
Respectively as metal-oxide-semiconductor Q after drive signal is reverse1aAnd Q2aPWM drive signal；Therefore metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1、Q2、S3And S4There is identical duty
Than.Described n=N1：N2。
The present embodiment and its circuit topology course of work are as follows：
After electricity is started working on converter, for phase shifting control ring, digital operation controller is inputted by sensor sample
Side electric current iinWith output voltage VoAs feedback.VrefGiven for output voltage, calculate voltage set-point VrefWith VoDifference, should
Input of the difference as phase shifting control loop voltag numeral pi regulator 1, the output of voltage digital pi regulator 1 is through limiter amplitude limit
Afterwards as the given of phase shifting control circular current numeral pi regulator 2；Low-pressure side electric current i is sampled by current sensorinValue make
For the current feedback of phase shifting control ring, the set-point of calculating current numeral pi regulator 1 and iinDifference as current digital PI adjust
The input of device 2 is saved, the output of current digital pi regulator 2 carries after limiter amplitude limit as high side switch pipe carrier wave and benchmark
The phase shifting angle Φ of ripple；Reference carrier Vtr1Through the phase shift of phase-shifting carrier wave controller, 180 ° obtain input side lagging leg carrier wave Vtr2, base
Quasi- carrier wave Vtr1The carrier wave V that phase is Φ is obtained after the phase shift of phase-shifting carrier wave controller is superimposed with phase shifting angle Φtr3, by Vtr3Phase shift
Outlet side lagging leg carrier wave V is obtained after 180 °tr4。
Voltage is clamped to input side by digital operation controller and gives Vref/ n and clamp Voltage Feedback Vc(i.e. two electricity
Hold Cd1And Cd2Voltage) be compared after obtain modulating wave V after digital pi regulator 3 and limiterm, by VmWith carrier wave
Vtr1、Vtr2、Vtr3And Vtr4Compare, respectively obtain metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1、Q2、S3And S4PWM drive signal, by Q1And Q2Drive signal
Respectively as metal-oxide-semiconductor Q after reversely1aAnd Q2aPWM drive signal；Therefore metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1、Q2、S3And S4There is same duty cycle.Wherein,
Carrier wave Vtr2Lag Vtr1Phase difference 180, so as to realize Q1And Q2It is staggeredly open-minded, reduce the pulsation of input side input current,
Improve the life of storage battery.S3And S4Lag behind Q1、Q2Phase shifting angle Φ, so as to ensure that the direction of the transmission of power is from input side
To outlet side.
The specific control signal change procedure of PWM control rings is as follows：Work as Vc>VrefDuring/n, i.e. input side clamping capacitor voltage
VcV is given higher than input side clamping capacitor voltageref/ n, now in order that obtaining transformer input side voltage follow, it is given, regulation
Device output valve diminishes, and the dutycycle of low-side switch reduces so that clamping capacitor voltage VcReduce, that is, make it that transformer is defeated
Enter side voltage vabAmplitude reduce (transformer input side voltage vabAmplitude is input side clamping capacitor voltage Vc).Similarly, V is worked asc<
VrefDuring/n, now step down side clamping capacitor voltage VcLess than giving, at this moment adjuster will increase the duty of metal-oxide-semiconductor
Compare D so that transformer input side voltage vabIncrease, so as to realize that primary voltage of transformer matches with transformer secondary voltage.
By analysis, converter does not have the extra circulation stage during working, and can reduce transformer leakage inductance electric current iLr
Peak value, so as to preferably reduce the circulation loss of converter input side, also reduce the current stress of input side metal-oxide-semiconductor.
As shown in Figure 3, as phase shifting angle Φ<During 2 π (D-0.5), in vabAnd vcdAt the time of voltage is zero simultaneously, leakage inductance electricity
After stream is reduced to zero, due to outlet side metal-oxide-semiconductor parasitic junction capacitance CS3And CS4Energy is stored with, now junction capacity CS3Or CS4Can and
Transformer leakage inductance resonance, until voltage is reduced to zero in junction capacity, the body diode of metal-oxide-semiconductor turns on, so as to realize outlet side metal-oxide-semiconductor
ZVT.Resonance terminates rear junction capacity energy transfer into leakage inductance, so leakage inductance electric current can keep a small value.Work as shifting
Phase angle Φ>During 2 π (D-0.5), in vabAnd vcdAt the time of voltage is in the absence of being simultaneously zero, outlet side electric current can ensure outlet side
The ZVT of metal-oxide-semiconductor.It was found from analysis, outlet side metal-oxide-semiconductor can realize the ZVT in full-load range.Such as figure
Seen in 3, leakage inductance electric current iLrExist in a cycle and drop to zero moment twice, this moment secondary current isAlso can be simultaneously
It is zero, now outlet side diode (Dr1、Dr2) no electric current flows through, turned off naturally, so diode can realize that zero current closes
It is disconnected.By analysis, all metal-oxide-semiconductors and diode of outlet side can realize Sofe Switch, so as to reduce loss, improve
The efficiency and reliability of converter.
To sum up, phase-shifting control method is added by symmetric double PWM proposed by the present invention, the DC-DC of proposition can be become very well
Realize that symmetric double PWM adds the control of phase shift on parallel operation, the circulation damage of input side metal-oxide-semiconductor current stress and converter can be reduced
Consumption, the semi-active full-bridge MOS of outlet side ZVS Sofe Switch and the ZCS switches of diode are realized, improve the efficiency of converter and reliable
Property.
Above-described specific descriptions, the purpose, technical scheme and beneficial effect of invention are further elaborated,
Should be understood that the foregoing is only the present invention specific embodiment, the protection domain being not intended to limit the present invention,
Within the spirit and principles of the invention, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements done etc., it should be included in the present invention's
Within protection domain.
Claims (6)
- A kind of 1. current mode Uniderectional DC-DC converter, it is characterised in that：Mainly it is made up of main circuit and control circuit；Main circuit Mainly it is made up of input side and outlet side, input side is used to the low pressure of input carrying out first time boosting, so as to reduce to transformation The requirement of device no-load voltage ratio, reduces the current stress of input side switching tube, and reduces the ripple of input；Outlet side is used to realize to becoming The shaping of depressor alternating voltage, realize that rated voltage exports；Described input side includes DC inductance L1、L2With by switching tube Q1、 Q2、Q1a、Q2aWith clamping capacitance Cd1、Cd2The clamp circuit of composition, outlet side is by semi-active full-bridge and output capacitance CoComposition, half Active full-bridge includes switching tube S3、S4With diode Dr1、Dr2；Annexation is：The DC inductance L of input side1And L2One end simultaneously be connected with input power positive pole, DC inductance L1With DC inductance L2The other end respectively with boost half-bridge midpoint a and b be connected, while a points respectively with switching tube Q1aSource electrode, Q1 Drain electrode, inductance LrOne end is connected, switching tube Q1aDrain electrode and clamping capacitance Cd1One end connects, switching tube Q2aDrain electrode connection To clamping capacitance Cd2One end, switching tube Q1Source electrode, switching tube Q2Source electrode, clamping capacitance Cd1With clamping capacitance Cd2One end connect It is connected to input power negative pole, inductance LrThe other end be connected with transformer Tr primary sides one end, the transformer Tr primary sides other end connection To b points；Input side produces electrical connection with outlet side by transformer Tr；The both ends of transformer Tr secondary, which are connected respectively to, partly to be had Midpoint c and d, the c point of source full-bridge and diode Dr1Anode and switching tube S3Drain electrode be connected, d points and Dr2Anode and switch Pipe S4Drain electrode be connected, diode Dr1, diode Dr2Negative electrode, output capacitance CoOne end be all connected to the one of output loading End, switching tube S3, switching tube S4Source electrode, CoOne end simultaneously be connected with the other end of load；Control circuit is mainly made up of controller and drive circuit；Controller is using dsp controller as core, for by sensing The voltage x current sampled signal that device samples to obtain is changed, and adds phase-shifting control method to produce PWM drivings according to symmetric double PWM Signal, the duty when phase shifting angle between input side and outlet side voltage is adjusted, the stage leakage inductance that power does not transmit can be reduced Current effective value, circuit on-state loss and circulation loss caused by reducing electric current, while reduces current peak, reduce switching tube and Diode stress；Outlet side diode is set to realize Zero Current Switch in gamut；When phase shifting angle is smaller, transformer leakage inductance is utilized Middle bias current realizes the ZVT of output side switch pipe, and soft open is realized so as to ensure switching tube in full-load range Close, further reduce circuit loss；Drive circuit is used to receive the pwm signal from controller, strengthens by isolation and voltage It is the switching tube Q of main circuit afterwards1、Q2、Q1a、Q2a、S3、S4Driving voltage is provided.
- A kind of 2. DC-DC converter according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The switching tube Q1、Q2、Q1a、Q2a、S3、 S4The switching tube of the parasitic capacitance of antiparallel body diode and hourglass source electrode to be present.
- 3. add phase shift for the symmetric double PWM controlled a kind of current mode Uniderectional DC-DC converter described in claim 1 or 2 Control method, it is characterised in that：Including two control loops of symmetric double PWM control rings and phase shifting control ring；Specific control method Comprise the following steps：Step 1：Pass through input side voltage vabWith outlet side voltage vcdBetween phase shifting control ring regulation, make input side voltage vabWaveform is ahead of outlet side voltage vcdPhase angle Φ；In underloading, make transformer primary side leakage inductance electric current in primary voltage of transformer Electric current while small value is kept when being zero, realize output side switch pipe S3、S4ZVT；Circulation loss is reduced, improves system The conversion efficiency of system；Described small value refers to much smaller than leakage inductance current peak ILr；Step 2：By the regulation of input side PWM control rings, adjusting switch pipe dutycycle, make output voltage in different input electricity Keep stable during pressure, and make input side voltage vabWith outlet side voltage vcdIdentical waveform is produced, realizes input side voltage vabWith Outlet side voltage vcdMatching, reduce leakage inductance current peak, the current stress of input side switching tube can be reduced；And make switching tube Q1、Q2Staggeredly turn on, DC inductance L1、L2Upper electric current has 180 ° of phase differences, and the superposition of DC inductance electric current can reduce input current Ripple.
- 4. symmetric double PWM according to claim 3 adds phase-shifting control method, it is characterised in that：The concrete methods of realizing of described step one is,Input side voltage vabWith outlet side voltage vcdBetween phase shifting control ring pass through voltage sensor and sample outlet side voltage Vo Voltage Feedback of the value as phase shifting control ring, calculate voltage set-point VrefWith VoDifference as phase shifting control loop voltag number The input of word pi regulator 1, the output of voltage digital pi regulator 1 are digital as phase shifting control circular current after limiter amplitude limit Pi regulator 2 gives；Low-pressure side electric current i is sampled by current sensorinCurrent feedback of the value as phase shifting control ring, meter Calculate the set-point of current digital pi regulator 1 and iinInput of the difference as current digital pi regulator 2, current digital PI regulations The output of device 2 is after limiter amplitude limit as high side switch pipe carrier wave and the phase shifting angle Φ of reference carrier；Reference carrier Vtr1Through 180 ° of phase-shifting carrier wave controller phase shift obtains input side lagging leg carrier wave Vtr2, reference carrier Vtr1Through phase-shifting carrier wave controller phase The carrier wave V that phase is Φ is obtained after moving angle Φ superpositionstr3, by Vtr3Outlet side lagging leg carrier wave V is obtained after 180 ° of phase shifttr4；The concrete methods of realizing of described step two is,Input side clamping capacitance C is sampled by voltage sensord1And Cd2On voltage Vc, given with the voltage by calculating Vref/ n, to Vref/ n ask after difference as PWM control rings digital pi regulator 3 input, PWM control ring numerals PI is adjusted The output of section device 3 adjusted device output V after limiter amplitude limitm, by VmWith carrier wave carrier wave Vtr1、Vtr2、Vtr3And Vtr4Compare, Respectively obtain switching tube Q1、Q2、S3And S4PWM drive signal, by switching tube Q1And Q2Drive signal it is reverse after respectively as Switching tube Q1aAnd Q2aPWM drive signal；Therefore switching tube Q1、Q2、S3And S4There is same duty cycle.
- 5. symmetric double PWM according to claim 4 adds phase-shifting control method, it is characterised in that：According to the big of phase shifting angle Φ It is small that step 1 working condition is classified, as phase shifting angle Φ<It is real using bias current in transformer leakage inductance during 2 π (D-0.5) The ZVT of existing output side switch pipe；As phase shifting angle Φ>During 2 π (D-0.5), leakage inductance electric current is enough to ensure that output side switch Pipe S3、S4ZVT；So switching tube S3、S4Sofe Switch can be realized in full-load range.
- 6. symmetric double PWM according to claim 4 adds phase-shifting control method, it is characterised in that：Described n=N1：N2。
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| CN106787755A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-31 | 北京理工大学 | The optimal feed forward control method of the active doube bridge DC DC converters of current source type |
| CN106712522B (en) * | 2017-01-20 | 2019-02-15 | 北京理工大学 | The PWM- phase shift composite control method of semi-active bridge DC-DC converter |
| JP6722353B2 (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2020-07-15 | シャープ株式会社 | DC/DC converter |
| DE102017212568A1 (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2019-01-24 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Electric machine |
| CN109004841B (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2023-05-02 | 福建星云电子股份有限公司 | AC-DC-DC converter and double-loop feedforward secondary ripple suppression method thereof |
| CN110011528B (en) * | 2019-04-18 | 2020-07-24 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Bridge circuit soft start method, controller and equipment |
| CN110729912B (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2021-05-14 | 渤海大学 | High-frequency induction heating series resonance soft switch inversion control method |
| CN111669057B (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2021-05-18 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | DC boost converter and control method thereof |
| CN113285598B (en) * | 2021-05-19 | 2022-11-25 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Hybrid control structure and method for interleaved Boost converters |
| TWI765740B (en) * | 2021-06-09 | 2022-05-21 | 崑山科技大學 | Symmetrical switching type high boost dc converter |
| CN113507212B (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2022-07-22 | 中南大学 | Double-active-bridge DC-DC converter based on three-winding coupling inductor and power control method |
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