CN105305056A - Microstrip antenna capable of electrical adjustment of beam direction and beam width - Google Patents
Microstrip antenna capable of electrical adjustment of beam direction and beam width Download PDFInfo
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- CN105305056A CN105305056A CN201510848029.XA CN201510848029A CN105305056A CN 105305056 A CN105305056 A CN 105305056A CN 201510848029 A CN201510848029 A CN 201510848029A CN 105305056 A CN105305056 A CN 105305056A
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- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 84
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005388 cross polarization Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010295 mobile communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The invention discloses a microstrip antenna capable of electrical adjustment of beam direction and beam width. The antenna mainly comprises three parts: five microstrip radiation patch units, a substrate, and a feeding circuit, continuous adjustment of the beam direction and the beam width in two vertical planes xoz and yoz can be realized via the adjustment of the control voltage of a varactor, the adjustable range of the beam direction is -20 degrees to 20 degrees, and the adjustable range of the beam bandwidth is 90 degrees to 120 degrees. The microstrip Yagi-Uda antenna capable of electrical adjustment of beam direction and beam width is advantageous in that at the working frequency point, the feeding circuit is simple, the echo loss is low, the gain variation range is small, and the cross polarization discrimination rate is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to antenna technical field, beam direction and beamwidth can by the reconstructable microstrip aerials of voltage-regulation widely to particularly relate to a kind of application prospect,
Background technology
The device that antenna sends as information in communication system and receives has played important effect in a communications system.Antenna for base station is the application of antenna in cellular mobile communications networks, and it has special requirement to the radiation characteristic of antenna.In electric power wireless communication system, general employing Hong Qu covers, and most users remains static, the Nonuniform Domain Simulation of Reservoir distribution character of user and business demand is more outstanding, and this nonuniformity long-term existence, be therefore difficult to the user scheduling in Hot Spot or sector to all the other communities or sector.Employing can adjust the restructural antenna for base station in beamwidth and angle of declination direction flexibly, makes business load obtain equilibrium.
The regulative mode of reconfigurable antenna beam direction and beamwidth is mainly divided into three kinds: mechanical adjustment, change antenna material behavior and regulated by electric mode.Mechanical adjustment refers to fitting machine mechanical arm on antenna, and rotating machine mechanical arm drives the inclination of antenna, thus changes the angle of declination of antenna, but the fail safe of mechanical adjustment is lower, cost is higher, and along with the change of mechanical adjustment tilt angled down large, the directional diagram of antenna starts distortion; Change the material behavior of antenna to refer on antenna radiation unit or feeding network, to use specific materials to change propagation constant thus to realize the reconstruct of antenna pattern.But this method is processed and operation is all very complicated, and have very large uncontrollability, cost is also higher.Electricity tune mode is by loading reactance component on antenna, realizes the change of antenna pattern by the impedance of voltage control reactance component.Electricity tune mode is simple to operate, and realize difficulty little, cost is low, will become the development trend of following whole reconfigurable antenna industry.
Electricity adjusts the method for beam direction to have a lot, and modal use phase array is presented with the electric current of out of phase to the array element of antenna thus realized the adjustment of beam direction, but this mode needs complicated feeding network for the antenna that array element is a lot.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: in order to the continuously adjustabe making antenna realize beam direction and beamwidth respectively on two vertical planes, provides a kind of and can meet the needs of Antenna Design in communication system, is easy to the electricity that microwave and millimeter wave circuit in communication system and microwave and millimeter wave antenna integrate to adjust again the microstrip antenna of beam direction and beamwidth.
In order to solve the problem, the invention provides a kind of technical scheme: the microstrip antenna of a kind of electricity is adjustable beam direction and beamwidth, comprise dielectric-slab, the ground plate being distributed in the radiation patch on dielectric-slab the same face and being distributed on dielectric-slab another side, described radiation patch comprises a square drive paster and four measure-alike square parasitic patch, described four parasitic patch are around the distribution of driving paster four limit, arbitrary parasitic patch is parallel with driving paster adjacent edge, each parasitic patch has a gap in endless, the parasitic patch part that described gap surrounds is defined as the positive region of parasitic patch, parasitic patch part outside described gap is defined as the negative region of parasitic patch, described positive region is electrically connected by variable capacitance diode and negative region, the periphery of the negative region of described parasitic patch is connected with ground plate.
Further, comprise radio-frequency feed circuit unit and four direct current tie line unit, described radio-frequency feed circuit unit is the first coaxial probe, first coaxial probe is given and is driven paster radio-frequency feed, described direct current tie line unit comprises the second coaxial probe, and the second coaxial probe is to the positive region DC feedback of parasitic patch.Take different feeding classifications, thus realize the adjustment to the voltage of variable capacitance diode.
Further, described direct current tie line unit also comprises choke, and described second coaxial probe is connected with choke.The effect of choke is that the radiofrequency signal in isolated parasitic patch flows into DC power supply by the second coaxial probe, burns DC power supply.
Further, described first coaxial probe and the second coaxial probe pass dielectric-slab from ground plate and connect with radiation patch.This structure feed-in mode is simple, and sending-end impedance match and regulate mode is also easy to, also succinctly attractive in appearance in structure.
Further, the number of described variable capacitance diode is greater than 2, and is carried in parallel between positive region and negative region.In parallel by multiple variable capacitance diode, can capacitance range be increased, adjust requirement with satisfied electricity.
Further, described gap is in square.The convenient width regulating gap of this structure.
Further, the negative region periphery of described parasitic patch is connected with ground plate by micro-band short-circuit line, and described micro-band section route comprises length and is
microstrip line and metal column, the negative region periphery of described microstrip line one end and parasitic patch is connected, its other end connection metal post, and described metal column runs through dielectric-slab and is connected with ground plate, wherein,
wherein c is the light velocity, f
0for operating frequency, ε
rfor the relative dielectric constant of dielectric-slab.This earthing mode is simple, and cost is low.
Further, the size dimension of described parasitic patch is identical with driving the size dimension of paster, and parasitic patch is just just right with the adjacent edge of driving paster.The size dimension of parasitic patch is more close to the size driving paster, and the electric current of parasitic patch coupling is larger, and radiation is larger, but parasitic patch is oversize or too small, and the electric current be coupled to is all smaller.
Further, the interval of the adjacent edge of described parasitic patch and driving paster is about 1/10th of the length of side driving paster.This spacing is conducive to the electric current strengthening parasitic patch coupling, and radiation is larger.
Compared with existing antenna, tool of the present invention has the following advantages:
1) this antenna function is more, regulates the control voltage of variable capacitance diode in two relative parasitic patch can realize beam direction in yoz face and-20 °, xoz face to the consecutive variations of 20 ° respectively; Regulate the control voltage of variable capacitance diode in two relative parasitic patch can realize the consecutive variations of beamwidth in yoz face and 90 ° to 120 °, xoz face simultaneously.
2) structure of this antenna is simple, is easy to processing.
3) feeding network of this antenna is very simple, does not need extra power splitter or phase shifter.
4) this Antenna Design is with low cost, applied range.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the distribution map between radiation patch of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the graph of a relation of capacitance in parasitic patch of the present invention and parasitic patch equivalent electric size;
Fig. 3 is the graph of a relation of parasitic patch equivalent electric size of the present invention and main beam direction deflection angle;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of return loss of the present invention with frequency change;
Fig. 5 is the wave beam bandwidth variation diagram that different capacitance of the present invention is corresponding;
Fig. 6 is the beam direction variation diagram under different capacitance of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, illustrate the present invention further, these embodiments should be understood only be not used in for illustration of the present invention and limit the scope of the invention, after having read the present invention, the amendment of those skilled in the art to the various equivalent form of value of the present invention has all fallen within the application's claims limited range.
Embodiment 1 as shown in Figure 1, the microstrip antenna of a kind of electricity is adjustable beam direction and beamwidth, comprise dielectric-slab, the ground plate being distributed in the radiation patch on dielectric-slab the same face and being distributed on dielectric-slab another side, described radiation patch comprises a square drive paster and four measure-alike square parasitic patch, described four parasitic patch are around the distribution of driving paster four limit, arbitrary parasitic patch is parallel with driving paster adjacent edge, tool has a gap in endless in each parasitic patch, preferably, described gap is in square, the parasitic patch part that described gap surrounds is defined as the positive region of parasitic patch, parasitic patch part outside described gap is defined as the negative region of parasitic patch, described positive region is electrically connected by variable capacitance diode and negative region, the periphery of the negative region of described parasitic patch is connected with ground plate, concrete earthing mode is, the negative region periphery of described parasitic patch is connected with ground plate by micro-band short-circuit line, described micro-band section route comprises length and is
microstrip line and metal column, the negative region periphery of described microstrip line one end and parasitic patch is connected, its other end connection metal post, and described metal column runs through dielectric-slab and is connected with ground plate, wherein,
wherein c is the light velocity, f
0for operating frequency, ε
rfor the relative dielectric constant of dielectric-slab.
In order to take different feeding classifications, thus the adjustment realized the voltage of variable capacitance diode, the microstrip antenna of a kind of electricity is adjustable beam direction and beamwidth, also comprise radio-frequency feed circuit unit and four direct current tie line unit, described radio-frequency feed circuit unit is the first coaxial probe, first coaxial probe is given and is driven paster radio-frequency feed, and described direct current tie line unit comprises the second coaxial probe, and the second coaxial probe is to the positive region DC feedback of parasitic patch.By fed by coaxial probe, the position of probe can be adjusted, thus realize the impedance matching of input.
In order to increase tunable capacitor scope, adjust requirement with satisfied electricity, the number of described variable capacitance diode is greater than 2, and is carried in parallel between positive region and negative region.
In order to the radiofrequency signal in isolated parasitic patch flows into DC power supply by the second coaxial probe, burn DC power supply, described direct current tie line unit also comprises choke, and described choke one end is connected in DC power supply, and the other end is connected with the second coaxial probe.
For the ease of regulating sending-end impedance coupling, described first coaxial probe and the second coaxial probe pass dielectric-slab from ground plate and connect with radiation patch.
On the basis of above-described embodiment, the size dimension of described parasitic patch is identical with driving the size dimension of paster, and parasitic patch is just just right with the adjacent edge of driving paster.The size dimension of parasitic patch is more close to the size driving paster, and the electric current of parasitic patch coupling is larger, and radiation is larger, but parasitic patch is oversize or too small, and the electric current be coupled to is less on the contrary.More excellent, the interval of the adjacent edge of described parasitic patch and driving paster is about 1/10th of the length of side driving paster.
Operation principle: Figure 2 shows that parasitic patch equivalent electric size and be carried in the graph of a relation between the electric capacity on paster.Changing capacitance can make the equivalent electric size of parasitic patch that corresponding change occurs.The length of side of the parasitic patch that parasitic patch equivalent electric is equivalent after being of a size of changing capacitance.
Figure 3 shows that the variation diagram of the beam direction that the electric size that the present invention directly changes parasitic patch obtains.The radiation direction by regulating the electric size of parasitic patch can change antenna main beam can be found from figure.
According to the rule that Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 discloses, the microstrip antenna of a kind of electricity is adjustable beam direction and beamwidth, concrete regulative mode is as follows:
1) regulate respectively y-axis to two parasitic patch on the control voltage of variable capacitance diode can realize the consecutive variations of antenna yoz face beam direction-20 ° to 20 °.Similarly, regulate respectively x-axis to two parasitic patch on the control voltage of variable capacitance diode can realize the continuous sweep of antenna xoz face beam direction-20 ° to 20 °.
2) regulate simultaneously x-axis to individual parasitic patch on the control voltage of variable capacitance diode can realize the continuously adjustabe of antenna xoz ground roll beam width 90 ° to 120 °.Regulate simultaneously y-axis to two parasitic patch on the control voltage of variable capacitance diode can realize the continuously adjustabe of antenna yoz ground roll beam width 90 ° to 120 °, and under both of these case, do not change the main beam direction of another one vertical plane.
Simulation analysis: first design microstrip antenna structure according to such as Fig. 1, paster 1 is driven to be positioned at centre, parasitic patch 2 is positioned at and drives directly over paster 1, parasitic patch 4 is positioned at and drives immediately below paster 1, parasitic patch 3 is positioned at the positive right side driving paster 1, parasitic patch 5 is positioned at the positive left side driving paster 1, gap in each parasitic patch has a rectangular shape, each parasitic patch is loaded with in parallel the variable capacitance diode 8 that 4 models are MHV506, during emulation, variable capacitance diode replaces with electric capacity, coaxial probe 7 in parasitic patch is positioned at the positive region center of parasitic patch, the coaxial probe 6 on paster is driven to be x with the distance driven on the right of paster 1,
microstrip line 9 connects metal ground plate by metal column 10, and dielectric-slab is identical with ground plate length and width, and long 200mm, wide 200mm, h are the thickness of dielectric-slab, and h1 is the thickness of radiation patch, and h2 is the thickness of ground plate, and L is the length of side driving paster, L
1for the length of side of parasitic patch, the interior length of side and the outer length of side in square gap are respectively w
1and w
2, s
1and s
2be the interval of the adjacent edge of parasitic patch and driving paster,
wherein c is the light velocity, f
0for operating frequency, get 1.4GHz, ε
rfor the relative dielectric constant of dielectric-slab, get 4.3, the internal diameter of coaxial probe is d, and external diameter is D, now adopts electromagnetic simulation software to be optimized this microstrip antenna size, obtains microstrip antenna dimensional parameters as shown in table 1.
Table 1
| Parameter | Numerical value (mm) | Parameter | Numerical value (mm) |
| h | 2.14 | s 2 | 6 |
| h 1 | 1.00 | w 1 | 6 |
| h 2 | 1.00 | w 2 | 7 |
| L | 50 | λ g | 25.9 |
| L 1 | 49 | d | 0.76 |
| x | 19 | D | 4.3 |
| s 1 | 3 |
Electromagnetic simulation software carries out emulation and obtains analogous diagram;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of return loss of the present invention with frequency change;
Fig. 5 changes the wave beam bandwidth variation diagram that the electric capacity in parasitic patch 3 and parasitic patch 5 obtains simultaneously.
Fig. 6 is the variation diagram of the variable capacitance diode beam direction under different capacitance in parasitic patch 2 and 4, four electric capacity c1=7pF of the parasitic patch 2 that (a) figure is corresponding, parasitic patch 4 four electric capacity c2=0.1pF; B c1=10pF that () figure is corresponding, c2=0.1pF; That c () figure is corresponding is c1=5pF, c2=10pF; D c1=1pF that () figure is corresponding, c2=10pF.
Claims (9)
1. the microstrip antenna of the adjustable beam direction of electricity and beamwidth, it is characterized in that: comprise dielectric-slab, the ground plate being distributed in the radiation patch on dielectric-slab the same face and being distributed on dielectric-slab another side, described radiation patch comprises a square drive paster and four measure-alike square parasitic patch, described four parasitic patch are around the distribution of driving paster four limit, arbitrary parasitic patch is parallel with driving paster adjacent edge, each parasitic patch has a gap in endless, the parasitic patch part that described gap surrounds is defined as the positive region of parasitic patch, parasitic patch part outside described gap is defined as the negative region of parasitic patch, described positive region is electrically connected by variable capacitance diode and negative region, the periphery of the negative region of described parasitic patch is connected with ground plate.
2. the microstrip antenna of the adjustable beam direction of a kind of electricity as claimed in claim 1 and beamwidth, be characterised in that, comprise radio-frequency feed circuit unit and four direct current tie line unit, described radio-frequency feed circuit unit is the first coaxial probe, first coaxial probe is given and is driven paster radio-frequency feed, described direct current tie line unit comprises the second coaxial probe, and the second coaxial probe is to the positive region DC feedback of parasitic patch.
3. the microstrip antenna of the adjustable beam direction of a kind of electricity as claimed in claim 2 and beamwidth, is characterized in that, described direct current tie line unit also comprises choke, and described second coaxial probe is connected with choke.
4. the adjustable beam direction of a kind of electricity as described in claim 2 or 3 and the microstrip antenna of beamwidth, is characterized in that, described first coaxial probe and the second coaxial probe pass dielectric-slab from ground plate and connect with radiation patch.
5. the microstrip antenna of the adjustable beam direction of a kind of electricity as described in claim 1 or 2 and beamwidth, is characterized in that, the number of described variable capacitance diode is greater than 2, and is carried in parallel between positive region and negative region.
6. the microstrip antenna of the adjustable beam direction of a kind of electricity as claimed in claim 5 and beamwidth, is characterized in that, described gap is in square.
7. the microstrip antenna of the adjustable beam direction of a kind of electricity as described in claim 1 or 2 and beamwidth, is characterized in that, the negative region periphery of described parasitic patch is connected with ground plate by micro-band short-circuit line, and described micro-band section route comprises length and is
microstrip line and metal column, the negative region periphery of described microstrip line one end and parasitic patch is connected, its other end connection metal post, and described metal column runs through dielectric-slab and is connected with ground plate, wherein,
wherein c is the light velocity, f
0for operating frequency, ε
rfor the relative dielectric constant of dielectric-slab.
8. the microstrip antenna of the adjustable beam direction of a kind of electricity as described in claim 1 or 2 and beamwidth, is characterized in that, the size dimension of described parasitic patch is identical with driving the size dimension of paster, and parasitic patch is just just right with the adjacent edge of driving paster.
9. the microstrip antenna of the adjustable beam direction of a kind of electricity as claimed in claim 8 and beamwidth, is characterized in that, the interval of the adjacent edge of described parasitic patch and driving paster is about 1/10th of the length of side driving paster.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510848029.XA CN105305056A (en) | 2015-11-26 | 2015-11-26 | Microstrip antenna capable of electrical adjustment of beam direction and beam width |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107634324A (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2018-01-26 | 深圳市深大唯同科技有限公司 | A kind of directional diagram electricity adjusts circular polarisation dipole antenna |
| CN108539396A (en) * | 2018-05-04 | 2018-09-14 | 广东司南通信科技有限公司 | A kind of broadband novel oscillator |
| CN109888485A (en) * | 2019-02-26 | 2019-06-14 | 山西大学 | A kind of compact low section multi-beam microstrip antenna |
| CN110289479A (en) * | 2019-05-16 | 2019-09-27 | 宁波大学 | A kind of ultra-high frequency RFID label antenna of directional diagram reconstructable |
| CN111244620A (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2020-06-05 | 上海交通大学 | Wave beam scanning antenna array based on liquid crystal high-resistance surface |
| CN112713395A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-04-27 | 中南大学 | Method for dynamically improving gain of frequency reconfigurable microstrip antenna |
| WO2021088630A1 (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2021-05-14 | 华南理工大学 | Dual-circularly polarized beam reconfigurable microstrip antenna |
| CN108539396B (en) * | 2018-05-04 | 2024-04-26 | 广州司南技术有限公司 | Novel broadband vibrator |
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| CN101834349A (en) * | 2010-05-05 | 2010-09-15 | 电子科技大学 | Microstrip patch antenna with reconfigurable directional diagram |
| CN205159503U (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2016-04-13 | 江苏省电力公司南京供电公司 | Adjustable beam direction of electricity and beam width's microstrip antenna |
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| AHMED KHIDRE; FAN YANG; ATEF Z. ELSHERBENI: ""Circularly Polarized Beam-Scanning Microstrip Antenna Using a Reconfigurable Parasitic Patch of Tunable Electrical Size"", IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION, vol. 63, no. 7, pages 1 - 7 * |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107634324A (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2018-01-26 | 深圳市深大唯同科技有限公司 | A kind of directional diagram electricity adjusts circular polarisation dipole antenna |
| CN108539396A (en) * | 2018-05-04 | 2018-09-14 | 广东司南通信科技有限公司 | A kind of broadband novel oscillator |
| CN108539396B (en) * | 2018-05-04 | 2024-04-26 | 广州司南技术有限公司 | Novel broadband vibrator |
| CN109888485A (en) * | 2019-02-26 | 2019-06-14 | 山西大学 | A kind of compact low section multi-beam microstrip antenna |
| CN110289479A (en) * | 2019-05-16 | 2019-09-27 | 宁波大学 | A kind of ultra-high frequency RFID label antenna of directional diagram reconstructable |
| CN110289479B (en) * | 2019-05-16 | 2020-10-30 | 宁波大学 | Ultrahigh frequency RFID tag antenna with reconfigurable directional diagram |
| WO2021088630A1 (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2021-05-14 | 华南理工大学 | Dual-circularly polarized beam reconfigurable microstrip antenna |
| CN111244620A (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2020-06-05 | 上海交通大学 | Wave beam scanning antenna array based on liquid crystal high-resistance surface |
| CN112713395A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-04-27 | 中南大学 | Method for dynamically improving gain of frequency reconfigurable microstrip antenna |
| CN112713395B (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-10-08 | 中南大学 | Method for dynamically improving gain of frequency reconfigurable microstrip antenna |
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