CN105301832B - 一种彩膜基板以及宽视角透反式液晶显示装置 - Google Patents

一种彩膜基板以及宽视角透反式液晶显示装置 Download PDF

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CN105301832B
CN105301832B CN201510852734.7A CN201510852734A CN105301832B CN 105301832 B CN105301832 B CN 105301832B CN 201510852734 A CN201510852734 A CN 201510852734A CN 105301832 B CN105301832 B CN 105301832B
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wave plate
optical axis
axis direction
liquid crystal
substrate
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CN105301832A (zh
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谢畅
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Wuhan China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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Wuhan China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to PCT/CN2015/096267 priority patent/WO2017088205A1/zh
Priority to US14/901,025 priority patent/US9904102B2/en
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    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
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    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
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    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
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    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种彩膜基板以及宽视角透反式液晶显示装置，其中，所述宽视角透反式液晶显示装置包括透射区以及反射区，所述液晶显示装置包括相对设置的第一基板、第二基板、夹持在所述第一基板以及所述第二基板之间的液晶层、设置于第一基板远离所述液晶层的一侧的第一偏光片、设置于所述第二基板以及所述液晶层之间的反射层、设置于所述反射区的第一基板邻近所述液晶层的一侧的半波片、设置于所述第二基板远离所述液晶层的一侧的第二偏光片；所述半波片包括位于同一层且相邻设置的第一半波片以及第二半波片，所述第一半波片的光轴方向为30°～60°、所述第二半波片的光轴方向为﹣60°～﹣30°。上述方式，能够达到拓宽视角的效果。

Description

一种彩膜基板以及宽视角透反式液晶显示装置
技术领域
本发明涉及领域显示领域，特别是涉及一种彩膜基板以及宽视角透反式液晶显示装置。
背景技术
液晶显示器通常由相对设置的彩膜基板、阵列基板以及夹持在彩膜基板以及阵列基板之间的液晶组成。由于液晶分子本身并不能发光，液晶显示器在光源作用下方能显示图像。根据光源类型不同，液晶显示器可以分为透射式、反射式和透反式。
其中，透射式的液晶显示器的光源为背光源，设置于液晶显示器后面。阵列基板上的像素电极为透明电极作为透射区，有利于背光源的光线透射穿过液晶层来显示图像。
反射式液晶显示器的光源为主要为以前光源或者外界光源，阵列基板采用金属或者其他具有良好反射特性材料的反射电极作为反射区，以将前光源或者外界光源的光线反射，反射光透射液晶层显示图像。
透反式液晶显示器则为透射式与反射式液晶显示器的结合，在阵列基板上既设置有反射区，又设置有透射区，可以同时利用背光源以及前光源或者外界光源显示图像。
透射式液晶显示器的优点是可以在暗的环境下显示明亮的图像；缺点是能透过的光线占背光源发射光线的比例较小，背光源利用率不高。为提高显示亮度就需要大幅度提高背光源的亮度，因此能耗高。
反射式液晶显示器的优点是能利用外部光源，功耗相对较低；缺点是由于对外部光源的依赖而无法在暗处显示图像。
透反式液晶显示器兼具透射式和反射式液晶显示器的优点，既可以在暗的环境下显示明亮的图像，室内使用，也可以在室外使用。因此，它被广泛用于便携式移动电子产品的显示设备，如手机，数码相机，掌上电脑，GPRS等移动产品。
然而，透反式液晶显示器的视角较小，当用户的观看角度并非最佳观看角度时，所看到的图像可能会失真。其中，视角为视线与透反式液晶显示器的法线所成的角度。
发明内容
本发明主要解决的技术问题是提供一种彩膜基板以及宽视角透反式液晶显示装置，能够有效增大透反式液晶显示装置的视角，避免用户在处于非最佳观看角度观看的图像失真的情况。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的一个技术方案是：提供一种彩膜基板，其中，所述彩膜基板包括透射区以及反射区，所述彩膜基板包括层叠设置的玻璃基板以及公共电极，所述彩膜基板还包括：彩膜偏光片以及半波片；其中，所述彩膜偏光片设置于所述玻璃基板远离所述公共电极的一侧；所述彩膜偏光片的光轴方向为0°或90°；所述半波片设置于所述公共电极远离所述玻璃基板的一侧，且覆盖所述反射区对应的所述公共电极；所述半波片包括位于同一层且相邻设置的第一半波片以及第二半波片，所述第一半波片的光轴方向与所述第二半波片的光轴方向互相垂直，所述第一半波片的光轴方向为30°～60°、所述第二半波片的光轴方向为﹣60°～﹣30°。
其中，所述第一半波片的光轴方向与所述第二半波片的光轴方向分别为45°、﹣45°。
其中，所述第一半波片的面积与所述第二半波片的面积相等。
其中，所述第一半波片的面积大于或小于所述第二半波片的面积。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的另一个技术方案是：提供一种宽视角透反式液晶显示装置，所述液晶显示装置包括透射区以及反射区，所述液晶显示装置包括相对设置的第一基板、第二基板、夹持在所述第一基板以及所述第二基板之间的液晶层、设置于所述第二基板以及所述液晶层之间的反射层；其中，所述液晶显示装置还包括：第一偏光片、第二偏光片以及半波片；其中，所述第一偏光片设置于第一基板远离所述液晶层的一侧；所述第二偏光片设置于所述第二基板远离所述液晶层的一侧；所述第一偏光片的光轴方向、所述第二偏光片的光轴方向分别为0°、90°；所述半波片设置于所述反射区的第一基板邻近所述液晶层的一侧；所述半波片包括位于同一层且相邻设置的第一半波片以及第二半波片，所述第一半波片的光轴方向与所述第二半波片的光轴方向互相垂直，所述第一半波片的光轴方向为30°～60°、所述第二半波片的光轴方向为﹣60°～﹣30°。
其中，所述第一半波片的光轴方向与所述第二半波片的光轴方向分别为45°、﹣45°。
其中，所述第一半波片的面积与所述第二半波片的面积相等。
其中，所述第一半波片的面积大于或小于所述第二半波片的面积。
其中，所述液晶显示器还包括树脂层，所述树脂层设置于所述反射层与所述第二基板之间。
其中，所述透射区对应的所述第二基板上的像素电极为透明电极，所述反射区对应的所述第二基板上的像素电极为反射电极。
上述方案，通过在宽视角透反式液晶显示装置中增设了第一偏光片、第二偏光片以及半波片，由于半波片能够改变通过第一偏光片的光线的光轴方向，能够使得反射区对透射区的视角进行补偿，从而达到拓宽视角的效果，以使用户在各观看角度观看到的图像效果较好，避免用户在处于非最佳观看角度观看的图像失真的情况。
附图说明
图1是本发明彩膜基板一实施方式的剖面结构示意图；
图2是本发明宽视角透反式液晶显示装置一实施方式的剖面结构示意图；
图3是本发明光轴方向一实施例的示意图；
图4是本发明0°/﹣90°光轴方向对应的视角图的示意图；
图5是本发明光轴方向另一实施例的示意图；
图6是本发明45°/﹣45°光轴方向对应的视角图的示意图。
具体实施方式
以下描述中，为了说明而不是为了限定，提出了诸如特定系统结构、接口、技术之类的具体细节，以便透彻理解本申请。
参阅图1，图1是本发明彩膜基板一实施方式的剖面结构示意图。本实施方式的彩膜基板包括透射区以及反射区。其中，透射区用于使光线从彩膜基板向外透射；反射区用于使入射至彩膜基板的光线进行反射。彩膜基板包括层叠设置的彩膜偏光片110、玻璃基板120、公共电极130以及半波片140。半波片也称二分之一波片。
其中，彩膜偏光片110设置于玻璃基板120远离公共电极130的一侧；彩膜偏光片110的光轴方向为0°或90°。
半波片140设置于公共电极130远离玻璃基板120的一侧，且覆盖反射区对应的公共电极130。
半波片140包括位于同一层且相邻设置的第一半波片141以及第二半波片142。第一半波片141的光轴方向与第二半波片142的光轴方向互相垂直，第一半波片141的光轴方向为30°～60°、第二半波片142的光轴方向为﹣60°～﹣30°。
彩膜偏光片110允许光轴方向为0°或90°的光线通过。
半波片140用于改变反射区经过彩膜偏光片110的光线的光轴方向。即，经过第一半波片141的光线的光轴方向为30°～60°，经过第二半波片142的光线的光轴方向为﹣60°～﹣30°
进一步地，第一半波片141的光轴方向与第二半波片142的光轴方向分别为45°、﹣45°。
进一步地，第一半波片141的面积与第二半波片142的面积相等。即，第一半波片141的长边的长度与第一半波片142的长边的长度相等，第一半波片141的短边的长度与第一半波片142的短边的长度相等。第一半波片141覆盖公共电极130的面积与第二半波片142覆盖公共电极130的面积相等。
进一步地，第一半波片141的面积大于或小于第二半波片142的面积。即，第一半波片141的长边的长度大于或小于第一半波片142的长边的长度相等，第一半波片141的短边的长度与第一半波片142的短边的长度相等。第一半波片141覆盖公共电极130的面积大于或小于第二半波片142覆盖公共电极130的面积。
由于半波片能够改变反射区的光线光轴方向，能够对透射区的视角进行补偿，从而达到拓宽视角的效果。
在本实施例中，半波片140的材料可以与彩膜偏光片110的材料相同。对彩膜偏光片110以及半波片140的材料不作限制，按现有技术中制作偏光片的常规材料即可。
上述方案，在彩膜基板中增加彩膜偏光片以及半波片，能够改变光线的光轴方向，能够对透射区的视角进行补偿，从而达到拓宽视角的效果。
参阅图2，图2是本发明宽视角透反式液晶显示装置一实施方式的剖面结构示意图。本实施方式的液晶显示装置的像素区域包括透射区以及反射区。其中，透射区用于向外透射液晶显示装置的背光源发出的光线；反射区用于对入射至彩膜基板的光线进行反射。
本实施方式的液晶显示装置包括相对设置的第一基板210、第二基板220、夹持在第一基板210以及第二基板220之间的液晶层230、第一偏光片240、半波片250、反射层260以及第二偏光片270。
其中，第一基板210为彩膜基板、第二基板220为阵列基板，半波片250也为二分之一波片，λ/2波片，λ为光的波长。
第一偏光片240设置于第一基板210远离液晶层230的一侧；半波片250设置于反射区对应的第一基板210邻近液晶层230的一侧(第一基板210以及液晶层230之间)；反射层260设置于反射区对应的第二基板220以及液晶层230之间；第二偏光片270设置于第二基板220远离液晶层230的一侧。
第一偏光片240的光轴方向与第二偏光片270的光轴方向互相垂直。在本实施例中，第一偏光片240的光轴方向为0°，第二偏光片270的光轴方向为90°。在其他实施例中第一偏光片240的光轴方向可以为90°，第二偏光片270的光轴方向可以为0°。
半波片250包括位于同一层且相邻设置的第一半波片251以及第二半波片252。第一半波片251的光轴方向与第二半波片252的光轴方向互相垂直，第一半波片251的光轴方向为30°～60°、第二半波片252的光轴方向为﹣60°～﹣30°。
半波片140包括位于同一层且相邻设置的第一半波片141以及第二半波片142。第一半波片141的光轴方向与第二半波片142的光轴方向互相垂直，第一半波片141的光轴方向为30°～60°、第二半波片142的光轴方向为﹣60°～﹣30°。
在本实施例中，在透射区，光从液晶显示装置的背光源发出，先穿过第二偏光片270、第二基板220，经过液晶层230以及第一基板210，再从第一偏光片240射出。在反射区，光为外界环境光，外界环境光入射到第一偏光片240，经过第一基板210以及液晶层230到达反射层260，经反射层260反射的光再经过液晶层230以及第一基板210、第一偏光片240射出。
第一偏光片240允许光轴方向为0°的光线通过，第二偏光片270允许光轴方向为90°的光线通过。
具体地，在透射区，第二偏光片270允许背光源发出的光轴方向为0°的光线通过，通过第一偏光片270、第二基板220的光线经过液晶层230作用，光线的光轴方向经过一定程度的偏转。之后，投射光线经过第一基板210到达第一偏光片240，光轴方向为90°的光线能够通过第一偏光片240射出，以显示图像。
请一并参阅图3，图3是本发明光轴方向一实施例的示意图。如图3所示，透射区的各像素区域的光轴方向为0°/90°。
请一并参阅图4，图4是本发明0°/90°光轴方向对应的视角图的示意图。其中，图中阴影部分标识视角效果较差的区域。
如图4所示，在光轴方向为0°/90°时，0°/90°方向的视角效果较好，而45°/﹣45°方向的视角效果较差。即45°/﹣45°方向的视角看到的区域大部分为阴影。
在反射区，第一偏光片240允许外界环境光中，光轴方向为0°的光线通过第一偏光片240，并通过第一基板210、第一半波片251或第二半波片252入射至液晶层230。其中，光轴方向为30°～60°的光线从第一半波片251入射，光轴方向为﹣60°～﹣30°的光线从第二半波片252入射。入射光线在半波片250的作用下，光轴方向由0°变为30°～60°和﹣60°～﹣30°。
入射至液晶层230的光线经过液晶层230的作用，光线的光轴方向经过一定程度的偏转。之后，光线经过液晶层230入射到反射层260，经过反射层260的反射后的光再次经过液晶层230的作用后，到达第一基板210，再经过第二半波片252或第一半波片251射出，从而显示图像。
其中，光轴方向为30°～60°的反射光线从第一半波片251射出，光轴方向为﹣60°～﹣30°的反射光线从第二半波片252射出。
可以理解的是，透射区对应的第二基板220上的像素电极为透明电极，反射区对应的第二基板220上的像素电极为反射电极。
进一步地，第一半波片251的光轴方向与第二半波片252的光轴方向分别为45°、﹣45°。第一半波片251的光轴方向可以为45°，第二半波片252的光轴方向可以为﹣45°。
请一并参阅图5，图5是本发明光轴方向另一实施例的示意图。如图5所示，入射光线在半波片250的作用下，光轴方向由0°变为45°和﹣45°。同一反射区内相邻排列的第一半波板252以及第二半波板252，其综合起来光轴方向为45°/﹣45°，这样反射区的各像素区域的光轴方向为45°/﹣45°。
请一并参阅图6，图6是本发明45°/﹣45°光轴方向对应的视角图的示意图。其中，图中阴影部分标识视角效果较差的区域。
如图6所示，在光轴方向为45°/﹣45°时，45°/﹣45°方向的视角效果较好，而0°/﹣90°方向的视角效果较差。即0°/﹣90°方向的视角看到的区域大部分为阴影。
这样一来，反射区45°/﹣45°的光轴方向下，45°/﹣45°方向的视角效果较好，这正好补偿了透射区，0°/90°的光轴方向下，45°/﹣45°方向的视角效果较差的缺点。这样使得，在各方向的视角都能达到宽视角的效果。
进一步地，第一半波片251的面积与第二半波片252的面积相等。即，第一半波片251的长边的长度与第一半波片252的长边的长度相等，第一半波片251的短边的长度与第一半波片252的短边的长度相等。第一半波片251覆盖第一基板210的面积与第二半波片252覆盖第一基板210的面积相等。
进一步地，第一半波片251的面积大于或小于第二半波片252的面积。即，第一半波片251的长边的长度大于或小于第一半波片252的长边的长度相等，第一半波片251的短边的长度与第一半波片252的短边的长度相等。第一半波片251覆盖第一基板210的面积大于或小于第二半波片252覆盖第一基板210的面积。
由于半波片能够改变反射区的光线光轴方向，能够对透射区的视角进行补偿，从而达到拓宽视角的效果。
在本实施例中，半波片250的材料可以与第一偏光片240、第二偏光片270的材料相同。对第一偏光片240、第二偏光片270以及半波片250的材料不作限制，按现有技术中制作偏光片的常规材料即可。
进一步地，在另一种实施例中，宽视角透反式液晶显示装置还包括树脂层(图未示)，该树脂层设置于反射层260与第二基板220之间。树脂层由感光的树脂材料构成。树脂层用于提高对光的感应度，加强对光的反射作用。
上述方案，通过在宽视角透反式液晶显示装置中增设了第一偏光片、第二偏光片以及半波片，由于半波片能够改变通过第一偏光片的光线的光轴方向，能够使得反射区对透射区的视角进行补偿，从而达到拓宽视角的效果，以使用户在各观看角度观看到的图像效果较好，避免用户在处于非最佳观看角度观看的图像失真的情况。
以上所述仅为本发明的实施方式，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。

Claims (10)

1.一种彩膜基板，其中，所述彩膜基板包括透射区以及反射区，所述彩膜基板包括层叠设置的玻璃基板以及公共电极，其特征在于，所述彩膜基板还包括：彩膜偏光片以及半波片；
其中，所述彩膜偏光片设置于所述玻璃基板远离所述公共电极的一侧；所述彩膜偏光片的光轴方向为0°或90°；
所述半波片设置于所述公共电极远离所述玻璃基板的一侧，且覆盖所述反射区对应的所述公共电极；
所述半波片包括位于同一层且相邻设置的第一半波片以及第二半波片，所述第一半波片的光轴方向与所述第二半波片的光轴方向互相垂直，所述第一半波片的光轴方向为30°～60°、所述第二半波片的光轴方向为﹣60°～﹣30°。
2.根据权利要求1所述的彩膜基板，其特征在于，所述第一半波片的光轴方向与所述第二半波片的光轴方向分别为45°、﹣45°。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的彩膜基板，其特征在于，所述第一半波片的面积与所述第二半波片的面积相等。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的彩膜基板，其特征在于，所述第一半波片的面积大于或小于所述第二半波片的面积。
5.一种宽视角透反式液晶显示装置，所述液晶显示装置包括透射区以及反射区，所述液晶显示装置包括相对设置的第一基板、第二基板、夹持在所述第一基板以及所述第二基板之间的液晶层、设置于所述第二基板以及所述液晶层之间的反射层；其特征在于，所述液晶显示装置还包括：第一偏光片、第二偏光片以及半波片；
其中，所述第一偏光片设置于第一基板远离所述液晶层的一侧；所述第二偏光片设置于所述第二基板远离所述液晶层的一侧；所述第一偏光片的光轴方向、所述第二偏光片的光轴方向分别为0°、90°；
所述半波片设置于所述反射区的第一基板邻近所述液晶层的一侧；
所述半波片包括位于同一层且相邻设置的第一半波片以及第二半波片，所述第一半波片的光轴方向与所述第二半波片的光轴方向互相垂直，所述第一半波片的光轴方向为30°～60°、所述第二半波片的光轴方向为﹣60°～﹣30°。
6.根据权利要求5所述的液晶显示装置，其特征在于，所述第一半波片的光轴方向与所述第二半波片的光轴方向分别为45°、﹣45°。
7.根据权利要求5或6所述的液晶显示装置，其特征在于，所述第一半波片的面积与所述第二半波片的面积相等。
8.根据权利要求5或6所述的液晶显示装置，其特征在于，所述第一半波片的面积大于或小于所述第二半波片的面积。
9.根据权利要求5所述的液晶显示装置，其特征在于，所述液晶显示器还包括树脂层，所述树脂层设置于所述反射层与所述第二基板之间。
10.根据权利要求5所述的液晶显示装置，其特征在于，所述透射区对应的所述第二基板上的像素电极为透明电极，所述反射区对应的所述第二基板上的像素电极为反射电极。
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