CN105300321A - Small-diameter deep hole coaxiality detection method and device - Google Patents
Small-diameter deep hole coaxiality detection method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN105300321A CN105300321A CN201510630006.1A CN201510630006A CN105300321A CN 105300321 A CN105300321 A CN 105300321A CN 201510630006 A CN201510630006 A CN 201510630006A CN 105300321 A CN105300321 A CN 105300321A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a small-diameter deep hole coaxiality detection method. According to the method, one end of a deep hole is provided with target coordinate acquisition equipment, the deep hole is provided with a detection device, the detection device is provided with multiple targets, the detection device is pushed to different depths in the deep hole to stop, coordinate values of the targets at the stop positions of the detection device are acquired by the target coordinate acquisition equipment, a center of circle coordinate value of the deep hole is measured, through center of circle coordinate values of different depth stop positions at the deep hole, a change value of an axial line of the deep hole in a radial direction is measured, a deep hole diameter change value is measured through the target coordinate values at the different depth stop positions. A shooting measurement camera is employed by the target coordinate acquisition equipment, faces of the targets detected by the shooting measurement camera are arranged on one plane, namely the target plane, after the detection device stops at the different depth positions in the deep hole, the target plane and the axial line of the deep hole are automatically perpendicularly to each other.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Small-deep Hole coaxiality detecting method, be specifically related to the method for diverse location measure center in Small-deep Hole and measure the method for diameter.The invention still further relates to a kind of Small-deep Hole axiality detection device.
Background technology
500m bore spherical radio telescope FAST(Five-hundred-meterApertureSphericalradioTelescope) will be radio astronomical telescope maximum, the sensitiveest in the world.Utilize Karst Area of Guizhou low-lying area to cheat as platform location, in hole, low-lying area, lay spherical crown shape reflecting surface, form parabola to converge electromagnetic wave by ACTIVE CONTROL, adopt light-duty cable wire to drag feed platform and realize telescopical sensing tracking.
FAST Active Reflector reference field is the sphere of a bore 500m, radius 300m, is made up of body support structure, actuator, reflecting surface unit.Active Reflector body support structure is made up of collar tie beam and lattice column and lattice column basis, main rope net, downhaul.Main rope net is geodesic triangular mesh, and triangle reflecting surface cellular installation is online at main rope, and the length of side is about 10.4m ~ 12.4m, quantity about 4300 pieces.
When telescope is observed, actuator is adopted to drive downhaul mode to change reflecting surface elemental area shape, to follow the tracks of celestial body.Actuator is mechanical, electrical, liquid integrated unit, and work in moist depression, the south of Guizhou Province, Guizhou, bear maximum 7 ~ 15 tons of pulling force varying load effects all the time, average velocity is about 0.2mm/s, and quantity is 2225 covers.
Hydraulic cylinder is provided with in actuator, piston rod wherein connects reflecting surface unit by downhaul, the working position of monitoring piston rod is needed in hydraulic cylinder works process, be provided with magnetostrictive displacement sensor for this reason, concrete set-up mode is: in the piston rod body of rod, arrange axial Small-deep Hole, and structure as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2.The waveguide of magnetostrictive displacement sensor stretches in this Small-deep Hole 1-1.The reference dimension of this Small-deep Hole is: diameter of phi 14mm, hole depth 1320mm.
Small-deep Hole is processed in piston rod, because hole depth is longer, in process, cutter shake can be more and more obvious, deep hole axis direction can produce deviation, diameter also can produce deviation, occur inclined hole and taper hole phenomenon, larger just cannot the meeting design requirement of mismachining tolerance, so must carry out right alignment detection.Also the detection method and device that detect deep hole right alignment is had in prior art, but the deep hole diameter range detected is larger, usual more than 50mm, structure of the detecting device is more complicated, be not easy to realize miniaturization to adapt to Small-deep Hole by minification, and pick-up unit needs traction to advance, blind hole can not be used for and detect, open-work can only be used for and detect.
Summary of the invention
For problems of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Small-deep Hole coaxiality detecting method, can in Small-deep Hole diverse location measure center and measure diameter.Be adapted to less diameter, be also applicable to blind hole and detect.
The present invention also aims to provide a kind of Small-deep Hole axiality detection device.
For achieving the above object, the present invention is by the following technical solutions:
A kind of Small-deep Hole coaxiality detecting method, arranges target co-ordinates collecting device in deep hole one end, in deep hole, arranges pick-up unit, described pick-up unit is provided with some targets; Described pick-up unit is pushed to different depth position in deep hole to be stopped, described target co-ordinates collecting device gathers the coordinate figure of described target at the stop position of pick-up unit, measurement obtains this place's deep hole central coordinate of circle value, by the central coordinate of circle value of different depth stop position, measure and obtain the changing value of deep hole axis in radial direction, by the target co-ordinates value of different depth stop position, measure and obtain deep hole diameter increm ent.
Further, described pick-up unit is provided with 3 legs, each leg is arranged 1 target, 3 target layouts triangular in shape, according to the change of deep hole diameter, wherein 1 leg can other two leg automatic telescopics relatively, and the change making described pick-up unit automatically adapt to deep hole diameter is balanced support, telescopic leg drives the target of self automatically to move relative to other two targets, and telescopic leg and other two legs form isosceles triangular structure.
Further, described target co-ordinates collecting device adopts photogrammetric camera, and described target is disposed on the same plane by the one side of photogrammetric camera calibration, i.e. target plane, described pick-up unit in deep hole different depth position stop after, described target plane and deep hole axis automatic vertical.
Further, the camera lens of described photogrammetric camera is provided with coaxial light source, and described deep hole arranges one end of photogrammetric camera as measurement initiating terminal, and this end is provided with measuring basis chi.
Further, the stop position of described pick-up unit in deep hole is more than 3 times, and described target co-ordinates collecting device gathers the coordinate figure of 3 the above targets; Described pick-up unit is passed by T-shaped push rod in deep hole, with scale on described push rod, demarcates the degree of depth of described pick-up unit in deep hole; Or measure the degree of depth of described pick-up unit in deep hole by laser ranging system.
The pick-up unit used in the above detection method, described pick-up unit is provided with 3 legs, each leg is arranged 1 target, 3 target layouts triangular in shape, according to the change of deep hole diameter, wherein 1 leg can other two leg automatic telescopics relatively, the change making described pick-up unit automatically adapt to deep hole diameter is balanced support, telescopic leg drives the target of self automatically to move relative to other two targets, and telescopic leg and other two legs form isosceles triangular structure.
Further, described leg is provided with installing handle, and installing handle outer end is provided with contact head, contact head and deep hole wall point cantact or linear contact lay; Described installing handle attaches described target.
Further, described contact head is semisphere or arc tabular, arc tabular corner band fillet; The material of described leg adopts stainless steel or wolfram steel.
Further, be provided with support in described pick-up unit, described leg is arranged on support, and telescopic leg is arranged on support by spring legs.
Further, described support is star-like, is provided with 3 supporting legs, and described leg is installed in the outer end of every root supporting leg.
A kind of Small-deep Hole coaxiality detecting method adopting said structure to arrange, has the following advantages:
The present invention can in Small-deep Hole different depth position measure center and measure diameter, the such as deep hole of diameter about 10mm.Structure of the present invention is simple, is adapted to the deep hole of small diameter, is also applicable to blind hole and detects.
Pick-up unit in the present invention relies on spring legs and hole wall to form friction force, so the present invention both can the deep hole in detection level direction, also can detect the deep hole of vertical direction.
Measuring accuracy requires higher than product design tolerance 1/3, photogrammetric accuracy of the present invention (0.03mm) and piston rod design compared with right alignment (0.15 or 0.2mm), higher than piston rod design right alignment 1/3, so the present invention can meet accuracy of detection requirement.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the front view needing the piston rod carrying out the detection of deep hole right alignment;
Fig. 2 is the stereographic map needing the piston rod carrying out the detection of deep hole right alignment;
Fig. 3 is detection method schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is detection method schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of push rod used herein;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of pick-up unit of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the structure three-view diagram of the leg of pick-up unit;
Fig. 8 is the structure three-view diagram of the leg of pick-up unit;
Fig. 9 is the structure three-view diagram of the leg of pick-up unit.
In figure: 01. center of circle; 02. center of circle; 03. center of circle; 04. center of circle; 05. center of circle;
1. piston rod; 1-1. deep hole;
2. pick-up unit; 2-1. leg; 2-1-1. contact head; 2-1-2. installing handle; 2-1-3. target; 2-2. support; 2-3. spring legs.
Embodiment
For further setting forth the present invention for the technological means that reaches predetermined goal of the invention and take and effect, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and preferred embodiment, structure of the present invention, feature and effect are described in detail as follows.
embodiment 1
Be one of embodiment of detection method as shown in Figure 3, Figure 4, in this embodiment, a kind of Small-deep Hole coaxiality detecting method, arranges target co-ordinates collecting device in deep hole one end, pick-up unit is set in deep hole, pick-up unit is provided with some targets; Pick-up unit is pushed to different depth position in deep hole to be stopped, target co-ordinates collecting device gathers the coordinate figure of target at the stop position of pick-up unit, measurement obtains this place's deep hole central coordinate of circle value, by the central coordinate of circle value of different depth stop position, measure and obtain the changing value of deep hole axis in radial direction, by the target co-ordinates value of different depth stop position, measure and obtain deep hole diameter increm ent.
Pick-up unit is provided with 3 legs, each leg is arranged 1 target, 3 target layouts triangular in shape, according to the change of deep hole diameter, wherein 1 leg can other two leg automatic telescopics relatively, the change making described pick-up unit automatically adapt to deep hole diameter is balanced support, and telescopic leg drives the target of self automatically to move relative to other two targets, and telescopic leg and other two legs form isosceles triangular structure.
Measuring principle is utilize 3 methods of geometry determining the center of circle and radius, and the line recycling multiple center of circle measures deep hole axis.Calculate to realize robotization, the present invention can adopt computer technology to realize computation process.
Target co-ordinates collecting device adopts photogrammetric camera, target is disposed on the same plane by the one side of photogrammetric camera calibration, i.e. target plane, pick-up unit in deep hole different depth position stop after, target plane and deep hole axis automatic vertical, form the normal plane of actual axis.In order to improve accuracy of observation, the camera lens of photogrammetric camera is provided with coaxial light source, such as cast light source, irradiates the brightness that can improve in deep hole in deep hole.In measuring process, tested part and photogrammetric camera are fixed.
Deep hole arranges one end of photogrammetric camera as measurement initiating terminal, and this end is provided with measuring basis chi.The effect of station meter provides length standard in measuring process, and its two ends are each fixes a target point, the distance before measuring between known 2 target points.
The stop position of pick-up unit in deep hole is 3 places, and target co-ordinates collecting device gathers the coordinate figure of 3 targets.According to the difference of hole depth, times of collection can be more than 3 times, and times of collection is more, and measurement result is more accurate.
Shown in Fig. 3, the target of 3 place's stop positions is respectively A3, B3, C3; A4, B4, C4; A5, B5, C5.Measuring the center of circle obtained is " 03,04,05 " respectively.First measuring the central coordinate of circle " 01,02 " at piston rod two ends in Fig. 3, is the axis direction in order to demarcate designing requirement.
Measurement result as shown in Figure 4, the axis of measured deep hole and design load deviation 2 × δ max.
A kind of Small-deep Hole axiality detection device used in above-mentioned detection method, structure as shown in Figure 6, pick-up unit 2 is provided with 3 leg 2-1, each leg 2-1 is arranged 1 target 2-1-3, 3 target 2-1-3 layouts triangular in shape, according to the change of deep hole diameter, wherein 1 leg can other two leg automatic telescopics relatively, the change making described pick-up unit 2 automatically adapt to deep hole diameter is balanced support, telescopic leg drives the target of self automatically to move relative to other two targets, telescopic leg and other two legs form isosceles triangular structure.
The instrument promoting pick-up unit 2 reach can adopt the T-type structure of " disk adds push rod ".Promote pick-up unit 2 from photogrammetric camera one end to move towards the other end.As shown in Figure 5, with scale on push rod, demarcate the degree of depth of pick-up unit in deep hole; Or measure the degree of depth of pick-up unit in deep hole by laser ranging system.
Leg 2-1 is provided with installing handle 2-1-2, and installing handle 2-1-2 outer end is provided with contact head 2-1-1, contact head 2-1-1 and deep hole wall point cantact or linear contact lay; Installing handle 2-1-2 attaches target 2-1-3.
As shown in Figure 7, contact head 2-1-1 is semisphere, and contact head 2-1-1 can adopt stainless steel.In Fig. 6, contact head 2-1-1 and deep hole wall are point cantact state.
Here so-called point cantact and linear contact lay, be with close to geometric point cantact and linear contact lay for purpose of design, but due to the microphysics structure of actual object, the point cantact on geometric theory and linear contact lay relation can not be reached, just a kind of close, contact area is little as far as possible.
Be provided with support 2-2 in pick-up unit 2, leg 2-1 is arranged on support 2-2, and telescopic leg is arranged on support 2-2 by spring legs 2-3.Pick-up unit in the present invention relies on spring legs 2-3 and hole wall to form friction force, so the present invention both can the deep hole in detection level direction, also can detect the deep hole of vertical direction.
Support 2-2 is star-like, is provided with 3 supporting legs, and leg 2-1 is installed in the outer end of every root supporting leg.
The present invention has following characteristics:
1, elongated hole is easily occurred to the taper hole phenomenon of varying aperture, self-adaptation diameter adjusting mechanism can be compensated very well;
2, for the axis bending phenomenon that elongated hole easily occurs, utilize force balance principle, adaptive regulating mechanism can uniquely determine the plane vertical with axis of bending, i.e. normal plane;
3, the General Requirements of coaxiality of inner hole detection at present internal diameter is at least greater than more than 50mm, the present invention's photogrammetric target minimum diameter 3mm, pick-up unit is arranged multiple target, after adding the device such as upper supporting leg, leg, the size of pick-up unit can be less than like product of the prior art, can break through small diameter bore bottleneck;
4, photogrammetric accuracy (0.03mm) and piston rod design compared with right alignment (0.15 or 0.2mm), higher than piston rod design right alignment 1/3, meet accuracy of detection requirement.
embodiment 2
Be the embodiment of the present invention 2 as shown in Figure 8, Figure 9, in this embodiment, the curved tabular of contact head 2-1-1, arc tabular corner band fillet; The material of leg 2-1 adopts wolfram steel.
In Fig. 8, contact head 2-1-1 and deep hole wall are still point cantact state.
In Fig. 9, contact head 2-1-1 and deep hole wall are then linear contact lay state.Be designed to linear contact lay state and can improve the stability of pick-up unit in deep hole.With regard to accuracy of detection, with point cantact state for optimum.
Described just in order to the present invention is described above, be construed as the present invention and be not limited to above embodiment, meet the various variants of inventive concept all within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a Small-deep Hole coaxiality detecting method, is characterized in that, arranges target co-ordinates collecting device, in deep hole, arrange pick-up unit in deep hole one end, and described pick-up unit is provided with some targets; Described pick-up unit is pushed to different depth position in deep hole to be stopped, described target co-ordinates collecting device gathers the coordinate figure of described target at the stop position of pick-up unit, measurement obtains this place's deep hole central coordinate of circle value, by the central coordinate of circle value of different depth stop position, measure and obtain the changing value of deep hole axis in radial direction, by the target co-ordinates value of different depth stop position, measure and obtain deep hole diameter increm ent.
2. detection method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described pick-up unit is provided with 3 legs, each leg is arranged 1 target, 3 target layouts triangular in shape, according to the change of deep hole diameter, wherein 1 leg can other two leg automatic telescopics relatively, the change making described pick-up unit automatically adapt to deep hole diameter is balanced support, telescopic leg drives the target of self automatically to move relative to other two targets, and telescopic leg and other two legs form isosceles triangular structure.
3. detection method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described target co-ordinates collecting device adopts photogrammetric camera, described target is disposed on the same plane by the one side of photogrammetric camera calibration, i.e. target plane, described pick-up unit in deep hole different depth position stop after, described target plane and deep hole axis automatic vertical.
4. detection method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, the camera lens of described photogrammetric camera is provided with coaxial light source, and described deep hole arranges one end of photogrammetric camera as measurement initiating terminal, and this end is provided with measuring basis chi.
5. detection method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the stop position of described pick-up unit in deep hole is more than 3 times, and described target co-ordinates collecting device gathers the coordinate figure of 3 the above targets; Described pick-up unit is passed by T-shaped push rod in deep hole, with scale on described push rod, demarcates the degree of depth of described pick-up unit in deep hole; Or measure the degree of depth of described pick-up unit in deep hole by laser ranging system.
6. the pick-up unit used in detection method described in any one of claim 1-5, it is characterized in that, described pick-up unit is provided with 3 legs, each leg is arranged 1 target, 3 target layouts triangular in shape, according to the change of deep hole diameter, wherein 1 leg can other two leg automatic telescopics relatively, the change making described pick-up unit automatically adapt to deep hole diameter is balanced support, telescopic leg drives the target of self automatically to move relative to other two targets, and telescopic leg and other two legs form isosceles triangular structure.
7. pick-up unit as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, described leg is provided with installing handle, and installing handle outer end is provided with contact head, contact head and deep hole wall point cantact or linear contact lay; Described installing handle attaches described target.
8. pick-up unit as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, described contact head is semisphere or arc tabular, arc tabular corner band fillet; The material of described leg adopts stainless steel or wolfram steel.
9. pick-up unit as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, be provided with support in described pick-up unit, described leg is arranged on support, and telescopic leg is arranged on support by spring legs.
10. pick-up unit as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that, described support is star-like, is provided with 3 supporting legs, and described leg is installed in the outer end of every root supporting leg.
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| CN201510630006.1A CN105300321B (en) | 2015-09-29 | 2015-09-29 | A kind of Small-deep Hole coaxiality detecting method and device |
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| CN201510630006.1A CN105300321B (en) | 2015-09-29 | 2015-09-29 | A kind of Small-deep Hole coaxiality detecting method and device |
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| CN105300321B CN105300321B (en) | 2018-04-20 |
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| CN105806264A (en) * | 2016-05-13 | 2016-07-27 | 中国科学院国家天文台 | Method for measuring coaxiality of deep and long inner hole |
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| CN107504922A (en) * | 2017-08-15 | 2017-12-22 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of coaxality measuring mechanism of circular aperture |
| CN112729170A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-04-30 | 成都飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | Hole axis measuring device and method based on photogrammetry |
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| CN105300321B (en) | 2018-04-20 |
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