CN105294517B - 一种制备手性1,3‑二胺的方法 - Google Patents
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 150000002466 imines Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 15
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 10
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- 125000006545 (C1-C9) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
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- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种制备手性1,3‑二胺的方法,在有机溶剂中,手性(Rs)‑N‑(叔丁基亚磺酰)亚胺、甲基芳基砜以及碱在‑90℃~30℃温度下,反应0.5~5小时,得到手性1,3‑二胺。与现有技术相比,本发明采用甲基芳基砜作为起始原料,通过与手性亚胺发生双次的加成反应,得到手性1,3‑二胺。这种方法简洁高效,普适性高。本发明用到的原料经济易得,制备的工艺条件温和、方法高效且制备得到的1,3‑二胺光学纯度高。本发明制备得到的手性1,3‑二胺,为一种潜在的生物活性分子合成砌块,可以作为重要的中间体用来合成手性的含氮化合物,比如六氢嘧啶,有望在不对称合成以及医药研发领域得到应用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种有机合成中间体的制备方法,尤其是涉及一种制备手性1,3-二胺的方法。
背景技术
1,3-二胺结构存在于许多重要的天然产物分子中((a)J.Erickson,D.J.Neidhart,J.VanDrie,D.J.Kempf,and etc,Science 1990,249,527;(b)I.Bosque,J.C.Gonzalez-Gomez,M.I.Loza,J.Brea,J.Org.Chem.2014,79,3982;(c)Y.Nishikawa,M.Kitajima,H.Takayama,Org.Lett.2008,10,1987),并且还被用于不对称反应的配体以及重要的有机合成中间体((a)T.Yoshimura,T.Kinoshita,H.Yoshioka,T.Kawabata,Org.Lett.2013,15,864;(b)W.P.Hems,M.Groarke,A.Zanotti-Gerosa,G.A.Grasa,Acc.Chem.Res.2007,40,1340;(c)F.Cohen,L.E.Overman,J.Am.Chem.Soc.2001,123,10782)。
制备1,3-二胺的方法,目前主要是利用对适宜反应物的还原,包括1,3-二硝基化合物(S.-F.Lu,D.-M.Du,J.×u,S.-W.Zhang,J.Am.Chem.Soc.2006,128,7418)、嘧啶(J.Barluenga,M.Tomas,V.Kouznetsov,J.Pardon,E.Rubio,Synlett1991,821)、1,3-二叠氮化合物(N.Ríos-Lombardía,E.Busto,E.García-Urdiales,V.Gotor-Fernández,V.Gotor,J.Org.Chem.2009,74,2571)以及β-氨基亚胺((a)M.Martjuga,D.Shabashov,S.Belyakov,E.Liepinsh,E.Suna,J.Org.Chem.2010,75,2357;(b)G.Dagousset,F.Drouet,G.Masson,J.Zhu,Org.Lett.2009,11,5546;(c)R.Matsubara,Y.Nakamura,S.Kobayashi,Angew.Chem.Int.Ed.2004,43,1679)。最近,金属催化的分子内烯丙基胺化反应以及分子内C-H键的胺化反应也被用来构建1,3-二胺((a).M.Morgen,S.Bretzke,P.Li,D.Menche,Org.Lett.2010,12,4494;(b)H.Lu,H.Jiang,L.Wojtas,×.P.Zhang,Angew.Chem.Int.Ed.2010,49,1)。上述方法往往涉及到繁琐的多步合成或者使用有毒的贵金属 催化剂。有机催化剂也被发展用来构建此类化合物,比如脯氨酸催化的乙醛与N-Boc亚胺的双次加成反应得到β,β’-二氨基醛(C.Chandler,P.Galzerano,A.Michrowska,B.List,Angew.Chem.Int.Ed.2009,48,1978);一个涉及到利用脯氨酸催化的对醛的α-位胺化反应的多步合成方法也被发展(P.Kumar,V.Jha,R.Gonnade,J.Org.Chem.2013,78,11756)。考虑到1,3-二胺结构的重要性以及目前方法的局限性,发展简洁高效的合成方法具有重要的意义。
发明内容
本发明的目的就是为了克服上述现有技术存在的缺陷而提供一种手性1,3-二胺的制备方法,该方法制备条件温和,方法高效,且制备得到的1,3-二胺光学纯度高。
本发明的目的可以通过以下技术方案来实现:
一种制备手性1,3-二胺的方法,在有机溶剂中,手性(Rs)-N-(叔丁基亚磺酰)亚胺、甲基芳基砜以及碱在-90℃~30℃温度下,反应0.5~5小时,得到手性1,3-二胺;
其中,(Rs)-N-(叔丁基亚磺酰)亚胺具有如下结构式:
其中:R为C1-9的烷基、C2-8的烯基、C4-12的芳基或C4-12的取代芳基;
所述的取代芳基为C1-6的烷基取代的芳基、C1-8的烷氧基取代的芳基、卤代芳基、酯基取代的芳基或硝基取代的芳基;
所述的芳基为苯基、萘基、呋喃基或吡啶基。
所述的甲基芳基砜具有如下结构式:
其中芳基Ar为苯基、C1-6的烷基取代的苯基、卤代苯基或吡啶基。
所述的碱为叔丁醇钠、叔丁醇钾、叔丁醇锂、双(三甲基硅基)氨基锂、双(三甲基)硅基氨基钠或双(三甲基)硅基氨基钾或二(异丙基)胺基锂。
(Rs)-N-(叔丁基亚磺酰)亚胺、甲基芳基砜以及碱的摩尔比为(2~4):1:(2~4)。
所述的有机溶剂为乙醚、四氢呋喃、甲苯、二氯甲烷、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺或二甲基亚砜。
典型反应如下:
所述式(1)中所示的亚磺酰亚胺可采用文献Liu,G.;Cogan,D.A.;Owens,T.D.;Tang,T.P.;Ellman,J.A.J.Org.Chem.1999,64,1278报道的方法制备.
所述式(1)中所示的甲基芳基砜都可采用常规的合成方法进行制备(A.Rostami,J.Akradi,Tetrahedron Lett.2010,51,3501),其中甲基苯基砜是商品化的试剂。
与现有技术相比,本发明采用甲基芳基砜作为起始原料,通过与手性亚胺发生双次的加成反应,得到手性1,3-二胺。这种方法简洁高效,普适性高。
本发明制备的手性1,3-二胺的方法,制备用到的原料经济易得,制备的工艺条件温和、方法高效且制备得到的1,3-二胺光学纯度高。本发明制备得到的手性1,3-二胺,为一种潜在的生物活性分子合成砌块,可以作为重要的中间体用来合成手性的含氮化合物,比如六氢嘧啶,有望在不对称合成以及医药研发领域得到应用。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明进行详细说明。
以下实施例中,反应的产率指的是分离收率;dr指的是反应的对映异构体比例。
实施例1
在-70℃的温度下,将叔丁醇钠(192毫克,2mmol,溶解于3.0ml二氯甲烷中)缓慢滴加入含有甲基苯基砜(156毫克,1mmol),式(2a)所示的亚 胺(418毫克,2mmol),以及5ml二氯甲烷的反应瓶中。反应1小时后,加入10ml水终止反应。然后将反应液转移到分液漏斗中,用乙酸乙酯萃取(20ml×2)。有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥后,减压下除去溶剂。用乙酸乙酯/石油醚(1:3)快速柱层析,得到413毫克产品3a,产率为72%,dr为99:1。
化合物3a的表征数据:
白色固体,m.p.179.5-180.5℃;[α]D 20=-51.7(c=0.50in chlorofom);1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=7.42(dd,J=14.8,7.4Hz,3H),7.28–7.16(m,10H),7.03(d,J=7.7Hz,2H),5.93(t,J=8.4Hz,2H),5.69(d,J=9.7Hz,1H),5.23(t,J=7.6Hz,1H),4.35(dd,J=8.1,1.3Hz,1H),1.24(s,18H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3):δ=140.9,140.6,138.4,133.0,128.7,128.5,128.4,128.1,128.0,127.5,127.2,127.2,76.3,59.2,57.7,56.6,53.3,23.0,22.8;IR(film)vmax=3251,1447,1302,1140,1045,747cm-1;MS(ESI)m/z:575.3[M+H]+;HRMS(ESI)m/z:[M+Na]+calcd for C29H38N2O4S3Na 597.1886,found 597.1878.
实施例2
在-20℃的温度下,将叔丁醇钠(192毫克,2mmol,溶解于2.0ml乙醚)缓慢滴加入含有甲基苯基砜(156毫克,1mmol),式(2b)所示的亚胺(0.97克,4mmol),以及8ml乙醚的反应瓶中。反应3小时后,加入10ml水终止反应。然后将反应液转移到分液漏斗中,用乙酸乙酯萃取(20ml×2)。有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥后,减压下除去溶剂。用乙酸乙酯/石油醚(1:3)快速柱层析,得到417毫克产品3b,产率为65%,dr为98:2。
化合物3b的表征数据:
白色固体;m.p.160.1-161.0℃;[α]D 20=-66.9(c=0.50in chloroform);1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=7.49(dd,J=16.5,7.9Hz,2H),7.32–7.20(m,4H),7.15(q,J=8.4Hz,4H),6.95(d,J=7.7Hz,2H),6.37(d,J=6.2Hz,1H),5.86(d,J=9.9Hz,1H),5.73(d,J=9.9Hz,1H),5.19–5.13(m,1H),4.32(d,J=9.2Hz,1H),1.20(s,18H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3):δ=140.7,139.4,136.3,134.0,133.24,133.22,130.3,129.2,128.8,128.39,128.32,126.9,76.2,58.4,58.0,56.6,52.2,22.9,22.7;IR(film)vmax=2962,1494,1305,1142,1065,732cm-1;MS(ESI)m/z:643.1[M+H]+;HRMS(ESI)m/z:[M+H]+calcd forC29H36N2O4S3Cl2Na 665.1106,found 665.1114.
实施例3
在0℃的温度下,将叔丁醇钾(280毫克,2.5mmol,溶解于2.0ml二甲基亚砜)缓慢滴加入含有甲基苯基砜(156毫克,1mmol),式(2c)所示的亚胺(0.834克,3mmol),以及5ml二甲基亚砜的反应瓶中。反应5小时后,加入10ml水终止反应。然后将反应液转移到分液漏斗中,用乙酸乙酯萃取(25ml×2)。有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥后,减压下除去溶剂。用乙酸乙酯/石油醚(1:4)快速柱层析,得到461克产品3b,产率为65%,dr为99:1。
化合物3c的表征数据:
白色固体;m.p.120.7-123.6℃;[α]D 20=-55.7(c=0.51in chloroform);1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=7.76(d,J=2.0Hz,1H),7.51(dd,J=10.8,4.2Hz,2H),7.41(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.30(d,J=2.1Hz,1H),7.28–7.23(m,3H),7.17(dd,J=8.3,2.1Hz,1H),6.95(d,J=7.4Hz,2H),6.63(d,J=6.1Hz,1H),5.79(dd,J=27.9,10.0Hz,2H),5.12(dd,J=10.0,6.1Hz,1H),4.33(dd,J=10.0,1.2Hz,1H),1.20(s,18H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3):δ=141.2,140.3,137.8,133.6,132.4,132.35,132.32,131.5,130.8,130.2,128.9,127.2,126.7,75.5,58.2,58.0,56.7,51.6,22.9,22.7;IR(film)vmax=3097,1466,1306,1148,1065,826cm -1;MS(ESI)m/z:711.0[M+H]+;HRMS(ESI)m/z:[M+H]+calcd forC29H34N2O4S3Cl4Na 733.0327,found 733.0316.
实施例4
在-60℃的温度下,将双(三甲基硅基)氨基锂(3.0mmol,3ml,1.0N的四氢呋喃溶液)缓慢滴加入含有甲基苯基砜(156毫克,1mmol),式(2d)所示的亚胺(647毫克,2.5mmol),以及5ml四氢呋喃的反应瓶中。反应2小时后,加入10ml水终止反应。然后将反应液转移到分液漏斗中,用乙酸乙酯萃取(20ml×2)。有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥后,减压下除去溶剂。用乙酸乙酯/石油醚(1:2)快速柱层析,得到648毫克产品3d,产率为91%,dr为99:1。
化合物3d的表征数据:
白色固体;m.p.164.7-167.4℃;[α]D 20=-73.8(c=0.50in chloroform);1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=7.98(s,1H),7.81(dd,J=9.9,5.5Hz,3H),7.77–7.72(m,2H),7.68(s,1H),7.63(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),7.50(ddd,J=13.2,10.0,5.0Hz,5H),7.39(dd,J=8.5,1.5Hz,1H),7.14(ddd,J=6.7,4.0,1.8Hz,1H),6.89–6.82(m,4H),6.34(d,J=6.8Hz,1H),6.14(d,J=9.7Hz,1H),5.94(d,J=9.7Hz,1H),5.48–5.43(m,1H),4.64(dd,J=8.5,1.6Hz,1H),1.25(d,J=1.4Hz,18H); 13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3):δ=140.8,137.8,135.5,132.9,132.8,132.7,132.5,128.35,128.31,128.1,127.8,127.4,127.3,127.0,126.6,126.3,126.1,125.3,75.8,59.3,57.9,56.6,53.4,23.0,22.9;IR(film)vmax=2964,1450,1305,1141,1050,817cm-1;MS(ESI)m/z:675.3[M+H]+;HRMS(ESI)m/z:[M+H]+calcd for C37H42N2O4S3Na697.2199,found 697.2204.
实施例5
在-20℃的温度下,将双(三甲基硅基)氨基钠(4.0mmol,4ml,1.0N的甲苯溶液)缓慢滴加入含有甲基苯基砜(156毫克,1mmol),,式(2e)所示的亚胺(2.43克,3mmol),以及8ml甲苯的反应瓶中。反应0.5小时后,加入10ml水终止反应。然后将反应液转移到分液漏斗中,用乙酸乙酯萃取(50ml×2)。有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥后,减压下除去溶剂。用乙酸乙酯/石油醚(1:4)快速柱层析,得到2.04克产品(3e),产率为70%,dr为97:3。
采用的亚胺为2e:产率为89%,dr为99:1。
化合物3e的表征数据:
白色固体;m.p.143.6-144.0℃;[α]D 20=-43.4(c=0.51in chloroform);1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=7.43(t,J=7.4Hz,1H),7.27–7.19(m,4H),7.11–7.04(m,6H),6.99(d,J=7.9Hz,2H),5.80(d,J=9.9Hz,1H),5.64–5.58(m,2H),5.16(t,J=7.7Hz,1H),4.30(dd,J=8.0,1.9Hz,1H),2.31(s,6H),1.26(s,9H),1.24(s,9H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3):δ=140.9,137.7,137.4,136.9,135.3,132.7,129.0,128.8,128.6,128.2,127.3,127.2,76.4,59.0,57.6,56.6,53.8,23.0,22.8,21.0,20.9;IR(film)vmax=2920,1446,1299,1146,1046,804cm-1;MS(ESI)m/z:603.3[M+H]+;HRMS(ESI)m/z:[M+H]+calcd for C31H42N2O4S3Na625.2199,found 625.2191.
实施例6
在20℃的温度下,将双(三甲基硅基)氨基钾(2.0mmol,2ml,1.0N的四氢呋喃溶液)缓慢滴加入含有甲基苯基砜(156毫克,1mmol),式(2f)所示的亚胺(598毫克,2.5mmol),以及8ml四氢呋喃的反应瓶中。反应3小时后,加入10ml水终止反应。然后将反应液转移到分液漏斗中,用乙酸乙酯萃取(30ml×2)。有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥后,减压下除去溶剂。用乙酸乙酯/石油醚(1:2)快速柱层析,得到520毫克产品3f,产率为82%,dr为97:3。
化合物2f的表征数据:
白色固体;m.p.120.3-123.3℃;[α]D 20=-50.5(c=0.5in chloroform);1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=7.44(t,J=7.4Hz,1H),7.34(d,J=8.7Hz,2H),7.25(t,J=7.9Hz,2H),7.14–7.08(m,4H),6.81(d,J=8.8Hz,2H),6.71(d,J=8.7Hz,2H),5.82(d,J=9.8Hz,1H),5.73(d,J=7.0Hz,1H),5.62(d,J=9.0Hz,1H),5.13(t,J=7.6Hz,1H),4.28(dd,J=8.1,1.9Hz,1H),3.81(s,3H),3.79(s,3H),1.24(s,9H),1.24(s,9H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3):δ=159.2,158.7,141.0,132.9,132.5,130.3,129.6,128.7,128.7,127.1,113.7,113.5,76.5,58.6,57.6,56.5,55.25,55.24,53.3,23.0,22.8;IR(film)vmax=2961,1611,1514,1252,1034,830cm-1;MS(ESI)m/z:635.2[M+H]+;HRMS(ESI)m/z:[M+H]+calcd forC31H42N2O6S3Na 657.2097,found 657.2086.
实施例7
在-70℃的温度下,将双(三甲基硅基)氨基锂(3.0mmol,3ml,1.0N的四氢呋喃溶液)缓慢滴加入含有甲基(2-吡啶基)砜(156毫克,1mmol),式(2a)所示的亚胺(647毫克,2.5mmol),以及5ml四氢呋喃的反应瓶中。反应2小时后,加入10ml水终止反应。然后将反应液转移到分液漏斗中,用乙酸乙酯萃取(20ml×2)。有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥后,减压下除去溶剂。用乙酸乙酯/石油醚(1:2)快速柱层析,得到648毫克产品3g,产率为91%,dr为99:1。
化合物3g的表征数据:
白色固体;m.p.183.0-185.9℃;[α]D 20=-16.1(c=0.52in chloroform);1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=8.38(d,J=4.1Hz,1H),7.61(td,J=7.8,1.6Hz,1H),7.49(d,J=7.3Hz,3H),7.32(t,J=7.4Hz,2H),7.26(t,J=6.8Hz,2H),7.15(d,J=7.4Hz,2H),7.08–6.99(m,3H),5.85(d,J=10.0Hz,1H),5.64(d,J=9.2Hz,1H),5.45(dd,J=9.1,6.6Hz,1H),5.35(dd,J=10.0,1.6Hz,1H),5.12(dd,J=6.5,2.2Hz,1H),1.32(s,9H),1.24(s,9H);13CNMR(100MHz,CDCl3):δ=158.2,149.5,139.6,138.6,137.5,128.5,128.1,128.0,127.9,127.4,127.2,126.5,120.9,69.1,59.7,57.4,56.8,54.0,22.9,22.9;IR(film)vmax=2922,1456,1307,1157,1049,750cm-1;MS(ESI)m/z:576.2[M+H]+;HRMS(ESI)m/z:[M+H]+calcdfor C28H38N3O4S3576.2019,found 576.2015.
实施例8
采用与实施例1相同的方法,其中:
采用的亚胺为2h:产率为68%,dr为99:1
化合物3h的表征数据:
黄色固体;m.p.137.4-139.8℃;[α]D 20=-77.2(c=0.50in chloroform);1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=8.24(d,J=8.7Hz,2H),7.98(dd,J=21.6,8.6Hz,4H),7.49–7.40(m,3H),7.18(t,J=7.8Hz,2H),6.99(d,J=5.8Hz,1H),6.83(d,J=7.7Hz,2H),5.94(dd,J=32.8,10.0Hz,2H),5.29(dd,J=10.3,5.8Hz,1H),4.54(d,J=10.3Hz,1H),1.18(s,18H);13CNMR(100MHz,CDCl3):δ=148.4,147.5,147.1,144.2,140.2,133.8,130.3,129.1,128.9,126.8,123.3,123.1,75.5,58.4,58.3,56.8,51.7,22.9,22.6;IR(film)vmax=2958,1521,1347,1140,1060,854cm-1;MS(ESI)m/z:665.2[M+H]+;HRMS(ESI)m/z:[M+H]+calcd forC29H36N4O8S3Na 687.1588,found 687.1586.
实施例9
采用与实施例2相同的方法,其中:
采用的亚胺为2i:产率为86%,dr为99:1。
化合物3i的表征数据:
白色固体;m.p.156.8-157.5℃;[α]D 20=-37.9(c=0.50in chloroform);1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=7.50(t,J=7.1Hz,1H),7.45(d,J=7.6Hz,2H),7.39(t,J=7.6Hz,2H),7.22(s,1H),7.05(s,1H),6.52(dd,J=21.2,2.3Hz,2H),6.28(d,J=6.9Hz,2H),5.40(d,J=9.8Hz,1H),5.17(dd,J=16.6,9.1Hz,2H),4.66(dd,J=7.9,2.2Hz,1H),4.52(d,J=9.5Hz,1H),1.32(s,9H),1.26(s,9H); 13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3):δ=152.3,150.8,142.3,141.8,140.3,133.0,127.5,127.4,111.2,111.0,110.2,109.1,69.8,57.4,57.0,53.3,52.0,22.86,22.82;IR(film)vmax=2923,2361,1470,1287,1142,1061,732cm-1;MS(ESI)m/z:555.2[M+H]+;HRMS(ESI)m/z:[M+H]+calcd for C25H34N2O6S3Na 577.1471,found577.1485.
实施例10
采用与实施例3相同的方法,其中:
采用的亚胺为2j:产率为83%,dr为99:1。
化合物3h的表征数据:
白色固体:m.p.123.5-124.0℃;[α]D 20=-1.3(c=0.5in chloroform);1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=7.86–7.82(m,2H),7.55(t,J=7.4Hz,1H),7.44(t,J=7.7Hz,2H),7.34–7.23(m,10H),6.71(dd,J=19.4,16.0Hz,2H),6.52(dd,J=15.9,6.7Hz,1H),6.24(dd,J=15.8,7.4Hz,1H),4.94–4.87(m,3H),4.74(dd,J=13.5,6.9Hz,1H),4.00(dd,J=5.6,3.3Hz,1H),1.26(s,18H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3):δ=140.4,135.9,135.7,134.6,133.6,133.2,129.3,128.5,128.49,128.42,128.2,128.1,128.1,126.86,126.83,126.7,74.3,57.2,56.9,56.7,55.3,22.8;IR(film)vmax=2920,2360,1447,1280,1140,1048,751cm-1;MS(ESI)m/z:627.2[M+H]+;HRMS(ESI)m/z:[M+H]+calcd for C33H42N2O4S3Na649.2199,found 649.2207.
实施例11
采用与实施例4相同的方法,其中:
采用的亚胺为2k:产率为83%,dr为99:1。
化合物3k的表征数据:
白色固体;m.p.52.4-55.1℃;[α]D 20=-52.0(c=0.50in chlorofom);1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=7.94–7.88(m,2H),7.68(t,J=7.4Hz,1H),7.60(t,J=7.5Hz,2H),4.15(d,J=7.0Hz,1H),3.97(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),3.87–3.76(m,2H),3.68(t,J=3.4Hz,1H),2.03–1.92(m,3H),1.79(m,1H),1.51–1.29(m,4H),1.23(d,J=6.4Hz,18H),0.90–0.83(m,6H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3):δ=140.8,133.9,129.5,127.8,71.5,56.4,56.3,54.8,36.1,35.7,22.8,22.7,19.66,19.62,13.5,13.4;IR(film)vmax=2962,1447,1260,1144,1051,797cm-1;MS(ESI)m/z:507.3[M+H]+;HRMS(ESI)m/z:[M+H]+calcd for C23H42N2O4S3Na529.2199,found 529.2191.
实施例12
采用与实施例7相同的方法,其中:
采用的亚胺为2e:产率为72%,dr为99:1。
化合物3l的表征数据:
黄色油状无;Oil;[α]D 20=-51.0(c=0.50in chloroform);1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=8.39(d,J=4.0Hz,1H),7.59(td,J=7.8,1.7Hz,1H),7.43(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),7.31(dd,J=8.6,4.6Hz,3H),7.08(dd,J=7.7,6.3Hz,4H),6.85(d, J=8.0Hz,2H),5.63(d,J=10.3Hz,1H),5.36(d,J=4.6Hz,2H),5.32(s,1H),5.29(dd,J=10.2,1.9Hz,1H),5.08(dd,J=4.1,2.2Hz,1H),2.32(s,3H),2.18(s,3H),1.30(s,9H),1.27(s,9H);13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3):δ=158.2,149.4,137.6,137.3,136.8,136.5,135.5,129.1,128.6,128.0,127.3,126.0,120.9,69.4,59.5,57.3,56.8,54.6,22.9,22.8,21.0,20.8;IR(film)vmax=2923,1598,1457,1362,1071,734cm-1;MS(ESI)m/z:604.2[M+H]+;HRMS(ESI)m/z:[M+H]+calcd for C30H42N3O4S3 604.2332,found 604.2359.
实施例13
本发明制备的手性1,3-二胺类化合物,能够发生自由基脱除2-吡啶磺酰基的反应,得到相应的产物,具体的合成方法如下:
在室温下,将式(3g)所示的1,3-二胺(287毫克,0.5mmol)溶解在甲苯中,加入三丁基锡氢(438毫克,1.5mmol)以及偶氮二异丁腈(164毫克,1.0mmol),100℃下反应10小时。用乙酸乙酯/石油醚(1:6)快速柱层析,得到134毫克产品4,产率为62%。
化合物4的表征数据:
白色固体:m.p.178.6-180.7℃;[α]D 20=-69.2(c=0.52in chloroform);1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=7.39–7.35(m,4H),7.32(dd,J=7.1,2.3Hz,6H),4.39(dt,J=12.3,6.2Hz,2H),3.80(d,J=4.9Hz,2H),2.49(t,J=7.4Hz,2H),1.22(s,18H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3):δ=141.4,128.8,128.0,127.3,56.1,55.3,44.1,22.7;IR(film)vmax=2923,2852,1463,1305,1186,1080,968cm-1;MS(ESI)m/z:435.2[M+H]+;HRMS(ESI)m/z:[M+H]+calcdfor C23H35N2O2S2 435.2134;found 435.2125.
实施例14
本发明制备的手性1,3-二胺,可以用来合成六氢嘧啶,具体的合成方法如下:
在室温下,将式(3a)所示的1,3-二胺(288毫克,0.5mmol)溶解在5mlHCl/MeOH中,反应半小时后,将反应液减压除去溶剂。所得的固体溶解于3ml二氯甲烷中,加入苯甲醛(53毫克,0.5mmol)以及催化量的对甲基苯磺酸(5毫克)。室温下反应8小时后,用乙酸乙酯/石油醚(1:6)快速柱层析,得到164毫克产品5,产率为73%。
化合物5的表征数据:
白色固体;m.p.102.6-103.7℃;1H NMRδ7.82(d,J=6.4Hz,2H),7.68(d,J=6.9Hz,2H),7.30-7.52(m,9H),7.25-7.29(m,2H),7.10-7.32(m,5H),5.72(s,1H),5.13(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),4.69(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),4.15(m,1H),3.11(m,1H),2.55(br,1H);MS(ESI)m/z:455.2[M+H]+;HRMS(ESI)m/z:[M+H]+calcd for C28H27N2O2S 455.1788;found 455.1788.
上述的对实施例的描述是为便于该技术领域的普通技术人员能理解和使用发明。熟悉本领域技术的人员显然可以容易地对这些实施例做出各种修改,并把在此说明的一般原理应用到其他实施例中而不必经过创造性的劳动。因此,本发明不限于上述实施例,本领域技术人员根据本发明的揭示,不脱离本发明范畴所做出的改进和修改都应该在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (2)
1.一种制备手性1,3-二胺的方法,其特征在于,在有机溶剂中,手性(Rs)-N-(叔丁基亚磺酰)亚胺、甲基芳基砜以及碱以摩尔比(2~4):1:(2~4)混合后,在-90℃~30℃温度下,反应0.5~5小时,得到手性1,3-二胺;
所述的手性1,3-二胺结构如下:
其中,(Rs)-N-(叔丁基亚磺酰)亚胺具有如下结构式:
其中:R为C1-9的烷基、C2-8的烯基、C4-12的芳基或C4-12的取代芳基;
所述的取代芳基为C1-6的烷基取代的芳基、C1-8的烷氧基取代的芳基、卤代芳基、酯基取代的芳基或硝基取代的芳基;
所述的芳基为苯基、萘基、呋喃基或吡啶基;
所述的甲基芳基砜具有如下结构式:
其中芳基Ar为苯基、C1-6的烷基取代的苯基、卤代苯基或吡啶基;
所述的碱为叔丁醇钠、叔丁醇钾、叔丁醇锂、双(三甲基硅基)氨基锂、双(三甲基)硅基氨基钠或双(三甲基)硅基氨基钾或二(异丙基)胺基锂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种制备手性1,3-二胺的方法,其特征在于,所述的有机溶剂为乙醚、四氢呋喃、甲苯、二氯甲烷、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺或二甲基亚砜。
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