CN105294292A - Efficient slow-release fertilizer for sainfoin on beach saline-alkali land and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of slow-release fertilizer, and specifically discloses an efficient slow-release fertilizer for sainfoin on beach saline-alkali land. The fertilizer is characterized by including the following components by weight: polymer compound polyacrylamide, biochemical fulvic acid, mesoporous silica nanoparticles, activated micron zeolite powder, active lactic acid bacteria, composite sodium nitrophenolate, chelated zinc, ammonium paramolybdate, collagen, rice bran vinegar, plant fiber slurry, activated carbon activated powder dust waste tail gas, bran, fermented straw powder, and peptone. The invention uses macromolecular compound polyacrylamide and biochemical fulvic acid as a basic thin-film material; and materials in different sizes including micron composite hydrogel and mesoporous silica nanoparticles are added in the coating material, so as to enrich the pore size, dynamic slow release performance of the coating material, and improve the regulation of fertilizer efficiency. The efficient slow-release fertilizer promotes absorption and utilization of different nutrition materials in environment by sainfoin, and promotes the efficient cultivation.

Description

One beach saline-alkali soil sainfoin high-efficiency sustained-release fertilizer and preparation method

Technical field

The invention belongs to slow release fertilizer field, be specifically related to a kind of beach saline-alkali soil sainfoin high-efficiency sustained-release fertilizer and preparation method.

Background technology

Film-coated and slow release fertilizer has the effect significantly improving utilization rate of fertilizer.But, the most slow-release fertilizers sold in the market are faced with problems, such as: 1, coated fertilizer adopts the non-degradable high molecular polymer of chemosynthesis, and these refractory organics polymer coated fertilizers very easily remain in agricultural soil and cause Soil degradation and serious pollution; 2, coated fertilizer adopts natural polymer degradation material, but slow-release fertilizer selling at exorbitant prices on the one hand prepared by these natural high molecular degradable materials, controlled-release effect is bad on the other hand, along with the degraded of natural macromolecular material can rapid releasing nutrients composition, cause the slow-release fertilizer cycle short, range of application is narrow; 3, existing film-coated and slow release fertilizer can not realize the two-ways regulation of controlled release and slowly-releasing, can not realize the supply of chemical fertilizer Middle nutrition element and crop to the demand basic synchronization of nutrient by dog, can not realize running balance; 4, present slow-release fertilizer is too single to the consideration of external natural condition, for different edatopes, such as paddy field and dry land, acid soil and salt affected soil, high temperature soil and freezing soil etc. do not take into full account, do not consider the water tolerance of coating material, crushing resistance, photosensitivity, pH irritability etc.; 5, the function of existing coating material is more single, usually just sustained-release and controlled release, gives the functions such as coating material water-absorbing-retaining function, antibacterial, deinsectization, weeding, is significant to the development of coating material; 6, production efficiency, service efficiency, the low cost of dressing control release controlled fertilizer will be considered.For release-controlled coated fertilizer Problems existing, efficient, cheap, multi-functional and environmentally friendly coated fertilizer research and development become the prior development direction of domestic and international coated slow release fertilizer research and production application.

Coastal beach soil belongs to marine solonchak type, due to the impact for a long time by oceanic tide, salinification effect causes that soil salt content is higher, the soil body grow not obvious, physicochemical character is poor, fertility level is low, and beach area is also with certain speed increment, simultaneously arable area successively decrease year by year and the something lost day by day of Freshwater resources weary, the exploitation of coastal saline soil more and more receive the concern of people.

The fertilizer efficiency of slow release fertilizer depends on slow-release material, capsule form, market common are and adopt identical or different coated fertilizer realize layering coating and then realize slowly-releasing regulation and control, but can increase material cost and cost of manufacture like this.

Two channels coated fertilizer is built in nanochannel and microchannel, the structure of microchannel and nanochannel can be absorbed and used the space composition caused by means of the structure of material itself and micron/nano material, simply be easy to realize, give slow release fertilizer new function, for the development of slow release fertilizer opens new way simultaneously.

How the High-efficient Production of herbage and green manure plant is the problem always received much concern, and it is good problem to study that the High-efficient Production realizing coastal saline soil herbage and green manure plant on the ground by slow release fertilizer realizes that beach Efficient Development saline land utilizes.

Summary of the invention

The present invention is directed to the growth requirement that beach saline-alkali ground tame forage grass sainfoin realizes the utilization of its Efficient Development, propose a kind of beach saline-alkali soil sainfoin high-efficiency sustained-release fertilizer and preparation method.

The technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:

A kind of beach saline-alkali soil sainfoin high-efficiency sustained-release fertilizer, it is characterized in that, comprise following parts by weight of component: macromolecular compound polyacrylamide 25-26, formaldehyde 2-3, biochemical fulvic acid 12-14, medium holes Nano particles of silicon dioxide 5-6, activation micron zeolite powder 2.4-2.6, active lactic acid microbial inoculum 2.4-2.6, sodium nitrophenolate 1.6-1.8, chelated zinc 1.4-1.6, ammonium paramolybdate 1.2-1.4, collagen protein 2.2-2.4, rice bran vinegar liquid 1.8-1.9, poly aspartic acid 1.8-2, Witco 1298 Soft Acid 1.4-1.6, vegetable fibre slurry 30-32, dust waste 40-42 in gac activation tail gas, bran 40-42, fermented stalk powder 48-50, peptone 3.5-3.9, appropriate water.

A kind of beach saline-alkali soil sainfoin high-efficiency sustained-release method for preparing fertilizer, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:

(1) by peptone and gross weight 3-4 water mixing doubly, and stirring reaction 8-10min obtains peptone solution at 110-120 DEG C, activation micron zeolite powder, active lactic acid microbial inoculum are added peptone solution, stir 15-20min to even, cooling, the composite aquogel being prepared into micron-scale is for subsequent use; By macromolecular compound polyacrylamide, formaldehyde mixing, at 180-190 DEG C of heated and stirred 1-1.2h, add gross weight 2-3 water mixing and stirring doubly, be cooled to 120-130 DEG C, add biochemical fulvic acid, stir 20-22min to even, stop heating and keeping being stirred to room temperature, add the composite aquogel of micron-scale, mesoporous silicon dioxide nano particle fast, rapid stirring 4-5min, to evenly, must have twin-channel coated fertilizer for subsequent use simultaneously;

(2) by sodium nitrophenolate, chelated zinc, ammonium paramolybdate, collagen protein, rice bran vinegar liquid and gross weight 2-3 water mixing doubly, high pressure homogenizer homogenization treatment 15-20min is adopted, dry that nutritive powder is for subsequent use at employing spray drying technology; By poly aspartic acid, Witco 1298 Soft Acid and gross weight 2-3 water mixing and stirring doubly, obtain solution one for subsequent use;

(3) put into pulverizer after gac being activated dust waste in tail gas, bran, the mixing of fermented stalk powder and pulverize 20-30min, cross 300 order steel sieves, obtain major ingredient powder, major ingredient powder, vegetable fibre slurry, nutritive powder are put into the stirrer of top with shower nozzle, first solution one is evenly sprayed into by shower nozzle even in whipping process, first centrifuge dehydration afterwards to moisture content is 30% of gross weight, there is twin-channel coated fertilizer evenly being sprayed into by shower nozzle, form the wet stock with coated fertilizer;

(4) wet stock with coated fertilizer is sent into the roller pelletizer with calorifier; setting speed 380-390r/min; temperature 86-90 DEG C; granulation 46-50min; cross 50 order steel sieves, obtain spherical fertilizer, this spherical fertilizer is first used the freezing 20-22min of low temperature-3 DEG C; 100 DEG C are progressively warming up to, with 1 DEG C/min heating mode baking 40min to doing and get final product employing 60 DEG C.

Beneficial effect of the present invention is embodied in:

The present invention adopts macromolecular compound polyacrylamide and biochemical fulvic acid to be basic thin-film material, the material of the composite aquogel of micron-scale, the sub-different size of mesoporous silicon dioxide nano particle is added in coated fertilizer, the pore dimension of coated fertilizer, dynamically sustained release performance, nutrient utilization efficiency are enriched, improve the control of fertilizer efficiency, facilitate beach and saline land cultivate sainfoin absorbing different nutriments in environment, promote its Efficient Cultivation.The macromolecular compound polyacrylamide adopted coordinates the composite aquogel of micron-scale, mesoporous silicon dioxide nano particle prepares slow-release fertilizer coating membrance material jointly, improve the dynamic of coating membrance material in fertilizer dispose procedure, utilized by the decomposition of the composite aquogel of micron-scale, increase pore channel, promote the orderly release of other nutritive substance, extend degradation time, maintain fertility.

Embodiment

Embodiment

Beach saline-alkali soil sainfoin high-efficiency sustained-release fertilizer described in the present embodiment, it is characterized in that, comprise following parts by weight of component: macromolecular compound polyacrylamide 25.5, formaldehyde 2.5, biochemical fulvic acid 13, medium holes Nano particles of silicon dioxide 5.5, activation micron zeolite powder 2.5, active lactic acid microbial inoculum 2.5, sodium nitrophenolate 1.7, chelated zinc 1.5, ammonium paramolybdate 1.3, collagen protein 2.3, rice bran vinegar liquid 1.85, poly aspartic acid 1.9, Witco 1298 Soft Acid 1.5, vegetable fibre slurry 31, dust waste 41 in gac activation tail gas, bran 41, fermented stalk powder 49, peptone 3.7, appropriate water.

Beach saline-alkali soil sainfoin high-efficiency sustained-release method for preparing fertilizer described in the present embodiment, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:

(1) water of peptone and gross weight 3.5 times is mixed, and stirring reaction 8-10min obtains peptone solution at 115 DEG C, activation micron zeolite powder, active lactic acid microbial inoculum are added peptone solution, stir 17.5min to even, cooling, the composite aquogel being prepared into micron-scale is for subsequent use; By macromolecular compound polyacrylamide, formaldehyde mixing, at 185 DEG C of heated and stirred 1.1h, add the water mixing and stirring of gross weight 2.5 times, be cooled to 125 DEG C, add biochemical fulvic acid, stir 21min to even, stop heating and keeping being stirred to room temperature, add the composite aquogel of micron-scale, mesoporous silicon dioxide nano particle fast, rapid stirring 4-5min, to evenly, must have twin-channel coated fertilizer for subsequent use simultaneously;

(2) water of sodium nitrophenolate, chelated zinc, ammonium paramolybdate, collagen protein, rice bran vinegar liquid and gross weight 2.5 times is mixed, adopt high pressure homogenizer homogenization treatment 17.5min, dry that nutritive powder is for subsequent use at employing spray drying technology; By the water mixing and stirring of poly aspartic acid, Witco 1298 Soft Acid and gross weight 2.5 times, obtain solution one for subsequent use;

(3) put into pulverizer after gac being activated dust waste in tail gas, bran, the mixing of fermented stalk powder and pulverize 25min, cross 300 order steel sieves, obtain major ingredient powder, major ingredient powder, vegetable fibre slurry, nutritive powder are put into the stirrer of top with shower nozzle, first solution one is evenly sprayed into by shower nozzle even in whipping process, first centrifuge dehydration afterwards to moisture content is 30% of gross weight, has twin-channel coated fertilizer evenly being sprayed into by shower nozzle, forms the wet stock with coated fertilizer;

(4) wet stock with coated fertilizer is sent into the roller pelletizer with calorifier; setting speed 385r/min; temperature 88 DEG C; granulation 48min; cross 50 order steel sieves, obtain spherical fertilizer, this spherical fertilizer is first used the freezing 21min of low temperature-3 DEG C; 100 DEG C are progressively warming up to, with 1 DEG C/min heating mode baking 40min to doing and get final product employing 60 DEG C.

Get two parts 1 mu beach saline-alkali soil sainfoin respectively as experimental group and control group, experimental group every mu sainfoin executes fertilizer 30Kg of the present invention, control group does not process, other cultivation condition is consistent, find, experimental group sainfoin is better than control group sainfoin growing way, finally gathers in and takes sainfoin weight in wet base, finds that experimental group sainfoin weight in wet base is 1.672 times of control group sainfoin weight in wet base.

Claims (2)

1. a beach saline-alkali soil sainfoin high-efficiency sustained-release fertilizer, it is characterized in that, comprise following parts by weight of component: macromolecular compound polyacrylamide 25-26, formaldehyde 2-3, biochemical fulvic acid 12-14, medium holes Nano particles of silicon dioxide 5-6, activation micron zeolite powder 2.4-2.6, active lactic acid microbial inoculum 2.4-2.6, sodium nitrophenolate 1.6-1.8, chelated zinc 1.4-1.6, ammonium paramolybdate 1.2-1.4, collagen protein 2.2-2.4, rice bran vinegar liquid 1.8-1.9, poly aspartic acid 1.8-2, Witco 1298 Soft Acid 1.4-1.6, vegetable fibre slurry 30-32, dust waste 40-42 in gac activation tail gas, bran 40-42, fermented stalk powder 48-50, peptone 3.5-3.9, appropriate water.

2. a kind of beach saline-alkali soil as claimed in claim 1 sainfoin high-efficiency sustained-release method for preparing fertilizer, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:

(1) by peptone and gross weight 3-4 water mixing doubly, and stirring reaction 8-10min obtains peptone solution at 110-120 DEG C, activation micron zeolite powder, active lactic acid microbial inoculum are added peptone solution, stir 15-20min to even, cooling, the composite aquogel being prepared into micron-scale is for subsequent use; By macromolecular compound polyacrylamide, formaldehyde mixing, at 180-190 DEG C of heated and stirred 1-1.2h, add gross weight 2-3 water mixing and stirring doubly, be cooled to 120-130 DEG C, add biochemical fulvic acid, stir 20-22min to even, stop heating and keeping being stirred to room temperature, add the composite aquogel of micron-scale, mesoporous silicon dioxide nano particle fast, rapid stirring 4-5min, to evenly, must have twin-channel coated fertilizer for subsequent use simultaneously;

(2) by sodium nitrophenolate, chelated zinc, ammonium paramolybdate, collagen protein, rice bran vinegar liquid and gross weight 2-3 water mixing doubly, high pressure homogenizer homogenization treatment 15-20min is adopted, dry that nutritive powder is for subsequent use at employing spray drying technology; By poly aspartic acid, Witco 1298 Soft Acid and gross weight 2-3 water mixing and stirring doubly, obtain solution one for subsequent use;

(3) put into pulverizer after gac being activated dust waste in tail gas, bran, the mixing of fermented stalk powder and pulverize 20-30min, cross 300 order steel sieves, obtain major ingredient powder, major ingredient powder, vegetable fibre slurry, nutritive powder are put into the stirrer of top with shower nozzle, first solution one is evenly sprayed into by shower nozzle even in whipping process, first centrifuge dehydration afterwards to moisture content is 30% of gross weight, there is twin-channel coated fertilizer evenly being sprayed into by shower nozzle, form the wet stock with coated fertilizer;

(4) wet stock with coated fertilizer is sent into the roller pelletizer with calorifier; setting speed 380-390r/min; temperature 86-90 DEG C; granulation 46-50min; cross 50 order steel sieves, obtain spherical fertilizer, this spherical fertilizer is first used the freezing 20-22min of low temperature-3 DEG C; 100 DEG C are progressively warming up to, with 1 DEG C/min heating mode baking 40min to doing and get final product employing 60 DEG C.