CN105293491A - KOH solid activated active carbon preparation and forming method - Google Patents
KOH solid activated active carbon preparation and forming method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105293491A CN105293491A CN201510868434.8A CN201510868434A CN105293491A CN 105293491 A CN105293491 A CN 105293491A CN 201510868434 A CN201510868434 A CN 201510868434A CN 105293491 A CN105293491 A CN 105293491A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a KOH solid activated active carbon preparation and forming method. The method comprises the following steps of 1, grinding KOH solids into powder, adding an active carbon precursor after grinding and then uniformly mixing; 2, placing a mixture into an atmosphere furnace, heating up to 700 to 1000 DEG C at the heating rate of 5 to 15 DEG C per minute under the protection of N2, activating for 30 to 120min, cooling, then washing and drying, so as to obtain KOH activated active carbon powder; 3, forming a binding agent by using sodium metaaluminate, sodium silicate and KOH, after the deliquesce of the KOH is completed, adding the KOH activated active carbon powder for mixing, kneading and extrusion forming; 4, drying the formed particles at the temperature of 105 DEG C to obtain the formed granular active carbon. According to the preparation method, the KOH solids are directly used as an activating agent, and the activating effect is adjusted through adjusting the ratio of the KOH solids to pulverized coal. The preparation time is shortened, and the activating effect is strengthened. The activating temperature is low, and the energy is saved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to environmental pollutant adsorption treatment technical field, be specifically related to gac preparation and the forming method of the activation of a kind of KOH solid.
Background technology
Gac is the product utilizing agricultural byproducts, coal and the heavy crudes such as charcoal, wood chip, shell to obtain through carbonization-activation for raw material, and nearly all carbonaceous material can be used for preparing gac.Gac, as the most ancient most important good porosity sorbing material, owing to possessing highly developed gap structure and huge inner ratio surface area, stable performance, the feature such as can to regenerate, be widely used in the fields such as chemical industry, environmental protection, military chemistry protection.
At present for the preparation of coal mainly bituminous coal, hard coal, the brown coal etc. of gac.Rich coal resources in China, become and produce coal mass active carbon big country, conventional is hard coal and non-caking coal, weakly caking coal, but the gac insufficient quality produced, kind is single.Active carbon with high specific surface area, owing to having abundanter internal pore structure and superpower adsorptive power, has higher value in application aspect than normal activated carbon.Therefore it is significant with coal to be that main raw material obtains active carbon with high specific surface area.
Based on selected raw material and purposes, the method preparing gac is mainly divided into physical activation method and chemical activation method two kinds, in actual application, requires to select suitable activation method according to required Properties of Activated Carbon.Physical activation method is at high temperature reacted with the oxidizing gas such as water vapour, carbonic acid gas or air and Carbon Materials by raw material, makes unordered charcoal partial oxidation etching in Carbon Materials, form flourishing microvoid structure at material internal.Carbonization temperature is generally at 600 DEG C, and activation temperature is at 800-900 DEG C
[1].Chemical activation method is by raw material and pharmaceutical chemicals hybrid infusion for some time by a certain percentage, and charing and activation one step complete.Conventional chemical activating agent has ZnCl
2, H
3pO
4, KOH etc.
[2].ZnCl
2, H
3pO
4the activation temperature of method is generally 400-600 DEG C, and KOH method is 700-900 DEG C.Although chemical activation method exist large to equipment corrosion, need the shortcomings such as process further, activate productive rate high, the gac that specific surface area is larger can be obtained, especially KOH activation method.Application number be 201010273277.3 Chinese patent disclose a kind of preparation method of carbon molecular sieve, comprise the carbon molecular sieve that preparation is conventional, then adopt re-activation technology to carry out reaming to conventional molecular sieve.This novel molecular sieve is with coal, coconut husk or resol for raw material, and by pulverizing, shaping, charing, steam activation, hydro carbons deposit the conventional production stages such as condensation, then with carbonic acid gas or KOH for activator, carries out re-activation.The KOH that the method uses is solution, carries out high-temperature activation by carrying out dipping to conventional carbon molecular sieve again after two hours.The problem such as the method exists complicated operation, waste energy.Found by literature survey and the experiment of this seminar, it is good that the effect of solid KOH activation floods postactivated effect than liquid KOH.Therefore, the gac preparation of a kind of KOH solid activation of invention and forming method.Compared with KOH solution, do not need long-time dipping, shorten preparation time and under the same terms activation effect better; Compared with carbonic acid gas or steam activation, activation temperature is low, save energy.
[1]TengH,TienS,HsuL.Y.Preparationofactivatedcarbonfrombituminouscoalwithphosphoricacidactivation.Carbon.1998,36(9):1387.
[2] Cui Jing, Zhao Naiqin, Li Jiajun. the progress of gac preparation and different varieties gac. carbon element
Technology .2005,1 (24): 26-31.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is for the deficiencies in the prior art, the gac preparation providing a kind of KOH solid to activate and forming method.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems comprises the steps:
Step 1, by quick for KOH solid grind into powder, add gac precursor by a certain percentage after having ground, then Quick uniform is mixed to form mixture;
Step 2, mixture is put into atmosphere furnace, at N rapidly
2under protection, be warming up to 700-1000 DEG C with the temperature rise rate of 5-15 DEG C/min, activation 30-120min, through washing, oven dry after cooling, obtain KOH activating activities carbon powder;
Step 3, sodium metaaluminate, water glass, KOH are mixed to form tackiness agent by a certain percentage, until KOH deliquescence completely after, then add KOH activating activities carbon powder, tackiness agent and KOH activating activities carbon powder with mass ratio 1:4 mixing kneading, extrusion molding;
Step 4, shaping particle are dried under 105 DEG C of conditions, obtain shaped granule gac.
Described gac precursor is all kinds of coal dust, comprises pulverized anthracite, bituminous coal, brown coal etc.
KOH solid is chemical activating agent, when mixing with gac precursor, for preventing KOH solid deliquescence, needs clay into power fast and put into atmosphere furnace, and the mass ratio of KOH and coal dust is (1:5)-(10:1).
Tackiness agent described in moulding process is the basic material of synthesis of molecular sieve, and the molar mass of the sodium metaaluminate in concrete tackiness agent: water glass: KOH is than being 1:(0.5-5): (0.5-4).
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
The present invention directly with KOH solid for activator, by regulating the proportion adjustment activation effect of KOH solid and coal dust.Compared with KOH solution, do not need long-time dipping, shorten preparation time and under the same terms activation effect better; Compared with carbonic acid gas or steam activation, activation temperature is low, save energy.
Moulding process uses sodium metaaluminate, water glass, KOH to be tackiness agent, is the basic material of synthesis of molecular sieve.Ultimate compression strength and the wear resistance of shaping rear particle are all higher.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
(1) KOH activated carbon preparation: take the quick grind into powder of 10gKOH solid, add 50g coal dust and mix rapidly.Said mixture is put into atmosphere furnace, at N
2under protection, be warming up to 900 DEG C with the temperature rise rate of 5 DEG C/min, activation 60min, through being washed to neutrality, oven dry after cooling, obtain KOH activating activities carbon powder, its BET specific surface area is 200m
2/ g, Langmuir specific surface area is 350m
2/ g.
(2) active carbon forming: claim sodium metaaluminate 4g, nine water water glass 7g, KOH2g; after KOH deliquescence is complete, then add KOH activated carbon 8g mixing kneading, extrusion molding; shaping particle is dried under 105 DEG C of conditions, obtains shaped granule gac, and its ultimate compression strength is greater than 200N.
Embodiment 2
(1) KOH activated carbon preparation: take the quick grind into powder of 100gKOH solid, add 10g coal dust and mix rapidly.Said mixture is put into atmosphere furnace, at N
2under protection, be warming up to 900 DEG C with the temperature rise rate of 5 DEG C/min, activation 60min, through being washed to neutrality, oven dry after cooling, obtain KOH activating activities carbon powder, its BET specific surface area is 800m
2/ g, Langmuir specific surface area is 1300m
2/ g.
(2) active carbon forming: claim sodium metaaluminate 4g, nine water water glass 14g, KOH4g; after KOH deliquescence is complete, then add KOH activated carbon 16g mixing kneading, extrusion molding; shaping particle is dried under 105 DEG C of conditions, obtains shaped granule gac, and its ultimate compression strength is greater than 200N.
Embodiment 3
(1) KOH activated carbon preparation: take the quick grind into powder of 60gKOH solid, add 10g coal dust and mix rapidly.Said mixture is put into atmosphere furnace, at N
2under protection, be warming up to 900 DEG C with the temperature rise rate of 5 DEG C/min, activation 60min, through being washed to neutrality, oven dry after cooling, obtain KOH activating activities carbon powder, its BET specific surface area is 3500m
2/ g, Langmuir specific surface area is 5300m
2/ g.
(2) active carbon forming: claim sodium metaaluminate 4g, nine water water glass 14g, KOH4g; after KOH deliquescence is complete, then add KOH activated carbon 16g mixing kneading, extrusion molding; shaping particle is dried under 105 DEG C of conditions, obtains shaped granule gac, and its ultimate compression strength is greater than 200N.
Embodiment 4
(1) KOH activated carbon preparation: take the quick grind into powder of 40gKOH solid, add 10g coal dust and mix rapidly.Said mixture is put into atmosphere furnace, at N
2under protection, be warming up to 900 DEG C with the temperature rise rate of 5 DEG C/min, activation 60min, through being washed to neutrality, oven dry after cooling, obtain KOH activating activities carbon powder, its BET specific surface area is 2500m
2/ g, Langmuir specific surface area is 3900m
2/ g.
(2) active carbon forming: claim sodium metaaluminate 4g, nine water water glass 14g, KOH4g; after KOH deliquescence is complete, then add KOH activated carbon 16g mixing kneading, extrusion molding; shaping particle is dried under 105 DEG C of conditions, obtains shaped granule gac, and its ultimate compression strength is greater than 200N.
Embodiment 5
(1) KOH activated carbon preparation: take the quick grind into powder of 30gKOH solid, add 10g coal dust and mix rapidly.Said mixture is put into atmosphere furnace, at N
2under protection, be warming up to 800 DEG C with the temperature rise rate of 5 DEG C/min, activation 60min, through being washed to neutrality, oven dry after cooling, obtain KOH activating activities carbon powder, its BET specific surface area is 1600m
2/ g, Langmuir specific surface area is 2300m
2/ g.
(2) active carbon forming: claim sodium metaaluminate 5g, nine water water glass 10g, KOH4g; after KOH deliquescence is complete, then add KOH activated carbon 16g mixing kneading, extrusion molding; shaping particle is dried under 105 DEG C of conditions, obtains shaped granule gac, and its ultimate compression strength is greater than 200N.
Embodiment 6
(1) KOH activated carbon preparation: take the quick grind into powder of 50gKOH solid, add 10g coal dust and mix rapidly.Said mixture is put into atmosphere furnace, at N
2under protection, be warming up to 1000 DEG C with the temperature rise rate of 5 DEG C/min, activation 60min, through being washed to neutrality, oven dry after cooling, obtain KOH activating activities carbon powder, its BET specific surface area is 2100m
2/ g, Langmuir specific surface area is 3400m
2/ g.
(2) active carbon forming: claim sodium metaaluminate 4g, nine water water glass 70g, KOH10g; after KOH deliquescence is complete, then add KOH activated carbon 40g mixing kneading, extrusion molding; shaping particle is dried under 105 DEG C of conditions, obtains shaped granule gac, and its ultimate compression strength is greater than 200N.
Embodiment 7
(1) KOH activated carbon preparation: take the quick grind into powder of 60gKOH solid, add 10g coal dust and mix rapidly.Said mixture is put into atmosphere furnace, at N
2under protection, be warming up to 700 DEG C with the temperature rise rate of 5 DEG C/min, activation 60min, through being washed to neutrality, oven dry after cooling, obtain KOH activating activities carbon powder, its BET specific surface area is 1700m
2/ g, Langmuir specific surface area is 2600m
2/ g.
(2) active carbon forming: claim sodium metaaluminate 5g, nine water water glass 10g, KOH4g; after KOH deliquescence is complete, then add KOH activated carbon 16g mixing kneading, extrusion molding; shaping particle is dried under 105 DEG C of conditions, obtains shaped granule gac, and its ultimate compression strength is greater than 200N.
Embodiment 8
(1) KOH activated carbon preparation: take the quick grind into powder of 40gKOH solid, add 10g coal dust and mix rapidly.Said mixture is put into atmosphere furnace, at N
2under protection, be warming up to 800 DEG C with the temperature rise rate of 5 DEG C/min, activation 60min, through being washed to neutrality, oven dry after cooling, obtain KOH activating activities carbon powder, its BET specific surface area is 2100m
2/ g, Langmuir specific surface area is 3200m
2/ g.
(2) active carbon forming: claim sodium metaaluminate 5g, nine water water glass 10g, KOH4g; after KOH deliquescence is complete, then add KOH activated carbon 16g mixing kneading, extrusion molding; shaping particle is dried under 105 DEG C of conditions, obtains shaped granule gac, and its ultimate compression strength is greater than 200N.
Embodiment 9
(1) KOH activated carbon preparation: take the quick grind into powder of 30gKOH solid, add 10g coal dust and mix rapidly.Said mixture is put into atmosphere furnace, at N
2under protection, be warming up to 900 DEG C with the temperature rise rate of 5 DEG C/min, activation 90min, through being washed to neutrality, oven dry after cooling, obtain KOH activating activities carbon powder, its BET specific surface area is 2000m
2/ g, Langmuir specific surface area is 3000m
2/ g.
(2) active carbon forming: claim sodium metaaluminate 4g, nine water water glass 14g, KOH4g; after KOH deliquescence is complete, then add KOH activated carbon 16g mixing kneading, extrusion molding; shaping particle is dried under 105 DEG C of conditions, obtains shaped granule gac, and its ultimate compression strength is greater than 200N.
Embodiment 10
(1) KOH activated carbon preparation: take the quick grind into powder of 40gKOH solid, add 10g coal dust and mix rapidly.Said mixture is put into atmosphere furnace, at N
2under protection, be warming up to 900 DEG C with the temperature rise rate of 5 DEG C/min, activation 30min, through being washed to neutrality, oven dry after cooling, obtain KOH activating activities carbon powder, its BET specific surface area is 2400m
2/ g, Langmuir specific surface area is 3600m
2/ g.
(2) active carbon forming: claim sodium metaaluminate 4g, nine water water glass 14g, KOH4g; after KOH deliquescence is complete, then add KOH activated carbon 16g mixing kneading, extrusion molding; shaping particle is dried under 105 DEG C of conditions, obtains shaped granule gac, and its ultimate compression strength is greater than 200N.
Embodiment 11
(1) KOH activated carbon preparation: take the quick grind into powder of 50gKOH solid, add 10g coal dust and mix rapidly.Said mixture is put into atmosphere furnace, at N
2under protection, be warming up to 900 DEG C with the temperature rise rate of 5 DEG C/min, activation 30min, through being washed to neutrality, oven dry after cooling, obtain KOH activating activities carbon powder, its BET specific surface area is 2600m
2/ g, Langmuir specific surface area is 4000m
2/ g.
(2) active carbon forming: claim sodium metaaluminate 4g, nine water water glass 14g, KOH4g; after KOH deliquescence is complete, then add KOH activated carbon 16g mixing kneading, extrusion molding; shaping particle is dried under 105 DEG C of conditions, obtains shaped granule gac, and its ultimate compression strength is greater than 200N.
Embodiment 13
(1) KOH activated carbon preparation: take the quick grind into powder of 40gKOH solid, add 10g coal dust and mix rapidly.Said mixture is put into atmosphere furnace, at N
2under protection, be warming up to 900 DEG C with the temperature rise rate of 5 DEG C/min, activation 60min, through being washed to neutrality, oven dry after cooling, obtain KOH activating activities carbon powder, its BET specific surface area is 2500m
2/ g, Langmuir specific surface area is 3900m
2/ g.
(2) active carbon forming: claim sodium metaaluminate 4g, nine water water glass 10g, KOH6g; after KOH deliquescence is complete, then add KOH activated carbon 24g mixing kneading, extrusion molding; shaping particle is dried under 105 DEG C of conditions, obtains shaped granule gac, and its ultimate compression strength is greater than 200N.
Embodiment 14
(1) KOH activated carbon preparation: take the quick grind into powder of 60gKOH solid, add 10g coal dust and mix rapidly.Said mixture is put into atmosphere furnace, at N
2under protection, be warming up to 750 DEG C with the temperature rise rate of 10 DEG C/min, activation 60min, through being washed to neutrality, oven dry after cooling, obtain KOH activating activities carbon powder, its BET specific surface area is 3100m
2/ g, Langmuir specific surface area is 4800m
2/ g.
(2) active carbon forming: take sodium metaaluminate 2g, nine water water glass 7g, KOH3g; after KOH deliquescence is complete, then add KOH activated carbon 12g mixing kneading, extrusion molding; shaping particle is dried under 105 DEG C of conditions, obtains shaped granule gac, and its ultimate compression strength is greater than 200N.
Embodiment 15
(1) KOH activated carbon preparation: take the quick grind into powder of 60gKOH solid, add 10g coal dust and mix rapidly.Said mixture is put into atmosphere furnace, at N
2under protection, be warming up to 800 DEG C with the temperature rise rate of 5 DEG C/min, activation 90min, through being washed to neutrality, oven dry after cooling, obtain KOH activating activities carbon powder, its BET specific surface area is 3200m
2/ g, Langmuir specific surface area is 5100m
2/ g.
(2) active carbon forming: take sodium metaaluminate 4g, nine water water glass 14g, KOH4g; after KOH deliquescence is complete, then add KOH activated carbon 16g mixing kneading, extrusion molding; shaping particle is dried under 105 DEG C of conditions, obtains shaped granule gac, and its ultimate compression strength is greater than 200N.
Embodiment 16
(1) KOH activated carbon preparation: take the quick grind into powder of 40gKOH solid, add 10g coal dust and mix rapidly.Said mixture is put into atmosphere furnace, at N
2under protection, be warming up to 750 DEG C with the temperature rise rate of 10 DEG C/min, activation 60min, through being washed to neutrality, oven dry after cooling, obtain KOH activating activities carbon powder, its BET specific surface area is 2700m
2/ g, Langmuir specific surface area is 4000m
2/ g.
(2) active carbon forming: take sodium metaaluminate 2g, nine water water glass 14g, KOH2g; after KOH deliquescence is complete, then add KOH activated carbon 8g mixing kneading, extrusion molding; shaping particle is dried under 105 DEG C of conditions, obtains shaped granule gac, and its ultimate compression strength is greater than 200N.
Embodiment 17
(1) KOH activated carbon preparation: take the quick grind into powder of 30gKOH solid, add 10g coal dust and mix rapidly.Said mixture is put into atmosphere furnace, at N
2under protection, be warming up to 850 DEG C with the temperature rise rate of 5 DEG C/min, activation 60min, through being washed to neutrality, oven dry after cooling, obtain KOH activating activities carbon powder, its BET specific surface area is 1900m
2/ g, Langmuir specific surface area is 2900m
2/ g.
(2) active carbon forming: take sodium metaaluminate 4g, nine water water glass 14g, KOH5g; after KOH deliquescence is complete, then add KOH activated carbon 20g mixing kneading, extrusion molding; shaping particle is dried under 105 DEG C of conditions, obtains shaped granule gac, and its ultimate compression strength is greater than 200N.
Embodiment 18
(1) KOH activated carbon preparation: take the quick grind into powder of 80gKOH solid, add 10g coal dust and mix rapidly.Said mixture is put into atmosphere furnace, at N
2under protection, be warming up to 900 DEG C with the temperature rise rate of 5 DEG C/min, activation 30min, through being washed to neutrality, oven dry after cooling, obtain KOH activating activities carbon powder, its BET specific surface area is 1800m
2/ g, Langmuir specific surface area is 2300m
2/ g.
(2) active carbon forming: claim sodium metaaluminate 4g, nine water water glass 14g, KOH4g; after KOH deliquescence is complete, then add KOH activated carbon 16g mixing kneading, extrusion molding; shaping particle is dried under 105 DEG C of conditions, obtains shaped granule gac, and its ultimate compression strength is greater than 200N.
Claims (4)
1. the gac of KOH solid activation is prepared and a forming method, it is characterized in that comprising the steps:
Step 1, by quick for KOH solid grind into powder, add gac precursor by a certain percentage after having ground, then Quick uniform is mixed to form mixture;
Step 2, mixture is put into atmosphere furnace, at N rapidly
2under protection, be warming up to 700-1000 DEG C with the temperature rise rate of 5-15 DEG C/min, activation 30-120min, through washing, oven dry after cooling, obtain KOH activating activities carbon powder;
Step 3, sodium metaaluminate, water glass, KOH are mixed to form tackiness agent by a certain percentage, until KOH deliquescence completely after, then add KOH activating activities carbon powder, tackiness agent and KOH activating activities carbon powder with mass ratio 1:4 mixing kneading, extrusion molding;
Step 4, shaping particle are dried under 105 DEG C of conditions, obtain shaped granule gac.
2. the gac of a kind of KOH solid activation as claimed in claim 1 is prepared and forming method, it is characterized in that described gac precursor is all kinds of coal dust, comprises pulverized anthracite, bituminous coal, brown coal.
3. the gac of a kind of KOH solid activation as claimed in claim 1 is prepared and forming method, it is characterized in that KOH solid is chemical activating agent, when mixing with gac precursor, for preventing KOH solid deliquescence, need clay into power fast and put into atmosphere furnace, and the mass ratio of KOH and coal dust is (1:5)-(10:1).
4. the gac of a kind of KOH solid activation as claimed in claim 1 is prepared and forming method, it is characterized in that the tackiness agent described in moulding process is the basic material of synthesis of molecular sieve, the molar mass of the sodium metaaluminate in concrete tackiness agent: water glass: KOH is than being 1:(0.5-5): (0.5-4).
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PCT/CN2015/097816 WO2017092077A1 (en) | 2015-12-01 | 2015-12-18 | Method for preparing and forming koh solid-activated charcoal |
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