CN105293491B - A kind of activated carbon of KOH solids activation is prepared and forming method - Google Patents
A kind of activated carbon of KOH solids activation is prepared and forming method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105293491B CN105293491B CN201510868434.8A CN201510868434A CN105293491B CN 105293491 B CN105293491 B CN 105293491B CN 201510868434 A CN201510868434 A CN 201510868434A CN 105293491 B CN105293491 B CN 105293491B
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Abstract
Prepared and forming method the invention discloses a kind of activated carbon of KOH solids activation.The present invention comprises the following steps：1st, KOH solids are smashed, activated carbon precursor is added after the completion of grinding, then uniform mixing；2nd, mixture is put into atmosphere furnace, under N2 protections, 700 1000 DEG C is warming up to 5 15 DEG C/min heating rate, 30 120min are activated, through washing, drying after cooling, obtain KOH activating activities carbon powders；3rd, by sodium metaaluminate, sodium metasilicate, KOH formation adhesives, after KOH deliquescence is complete, KOH activating activities carbon powder mixing kneadings, extrusion forming are added；4th, the particle of shaping is dried under the conditions of 105 DEG C, obtains shaped granule activated carbon.It is of the invention direct using KOH solids as activator, by the proportion adjustment activation effect for adjusting KOH solids and coal dust.Shorten preparation time, strengthen activation effect.Activation temperature is low, saves the energy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to environmental contaminants adsorption treatment technical field, and in particular to a kind of activated carbon of KOH solids activation
Prepare and forming method.
Background technology
Activated carbon is to be obtained using the agricultural byproducts such as charcoal, wood chip, shell, coal and heavy crude for raw material through carbonization-activation
Product, nearly all carbonaceous material may serve to prepare activated carbon.Activated carbon is as most ancient most important excellent porous
Property sorbing material, highly developed gap structure and huge inner ratio surface area due to possessing, performance is stable, the spy such as can regenerate
Point, is widely used in the fields such as chemical industry, environmental protection, military chemistry protection.
It is mainly bituminous coal, anthracite, lignite etc. currently used for the coal for preparing activated carbon.Rich coal resources in China, into
Make a living producing coal activated carbon big country, conventional is anthracite and dross coal, weakly caking coal, but the activated carbon insufficient quality of production, product
Plant single.Active carbon with high specific surface area is due to more rich internal pore structure and superpower adsorption capacity, in application aspect
There is higher value than normal activated carbon.Therefore active carbon with high specific surface area is obtained by primary raw material of coal has important meaning
Justice.
Based on selected raw material and purposes, the method for preparing activated carbon is broadly divided into physical activation method and chemical activation method two
Kind, in actual application, required to select suitable activation method according to required Properties of Activated Carbon.Physical activation method is by original
Material is reacted with the oxidizing gas such as vapor, carbon dioxide or air and Carbon Materials at high temperature, makes unordered charcoal portion in Carbon Materials
Divide oxide etch, the microcellular structure of prosperity is formed in material internal.Carburizing temperature is general at 600 DEG C, and activation temperature is in 800-900
℃[1].Chemical activation method is that hybrid infusion for a period of time, carbonizes and one step of activation is complete by a certain percentage with chemicals by raw material
Into.Conventional chemical activating agent has ZnCl2、H3PO4, KOH etc.[2]。ZnCl2、H3PO4The activation temperature of method is generally 400-600
DEG C, KOH methods are 700-900 DEG C.Although chemical activation method in the presence of to equipment corrosion it is big, need to further handle the shortcomings of, it is living
Change yield high, the bigger activated carbon of specific surface area, especially KOH activation methods can be obtained.Application No. 201010273277.3
Chinese patent disclose a kind of preparation method of carbon molecular sieve, include preparing conventional carbon molecular sieve, then using secondary work
Change technology carries out reaming to conventional molecular sieve.The novel molecular sieve using coal, coconut husk or phenolic resin as raw material, by crush, into
The conventional production stages such as type, charing, steam activation, hydro carbons deposition condensation, then using carbon dioxide or KOH as activator, carry out
Re-activation.The KOH that this method is used is solution, by carrying out high temperature work again after carrying out dipping two hours to conventional carbon molecular sieve
Change.There is complex operation, waste in this method.Find that solid KOH is lived by literature survey and the experiment of this seminar
The effect of change is better than liquid KOH dipping post activation effects.Therefore, a kind of activated carbon of KOH solids activation of invention
Prepare and forming method.Compared with KOH solution, it is not necessary to impregnate for a long time, shorten and effect is activated under preparation time and the same terms
Fruit is more preferably；Compared with carbon dioxide or steam activation, activation temperature is low, saves the energy.
[1]Teng H,Tien S,Hsu L.Y.Preparation of activated carbon from
bituminous coal with phosphoric acid activation.Carbon.1998,36(9):1387.
[2] the progress carbons of Cui Jing, Zhao Naiqin, the person of outstanding talent activated carbons preparation of Lee family and different cultivars activated carbon
Technology .2005,1 (24):26-31.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention be in view of the shortcomings of the prior art there is provided a kind of KOH solids activation activated carbon prepare and into
Type method.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems comprises the following steps：
Step 1, by the quick grind into powder of KOH solids, activated carbon precursor is added after the completion of grinding by a certain percentage, then
Quick uniform is mixed to form mixture；
Step 2, mixture is put into atmosphere furnace rapidly, in N2Under protection, it is warming up to 5-15 DEG C/min heating rate
700-1000 DEG C, 30-120min is activated, through washing, drying after cooling, KOH activating activities carbon powders are obtained；
Step 3, sodium metaaluminate, sodium metasilicate, KOH be mixed to form adhesive by a certain percentage, after KOH deliquescence is complete,
KOH activating activities carbon powders are added, adhesive and KOH activating activities carbon powder are with mass ratio 1:4 mixing kneadings, are squeezed into
Type；
Step 4, the particle of shaping are dried under the conditions of 105 DEG C, obtain shaped granule activated carbon.
Described activated carbon precursor is all kinds of coal dusts, including anchracite duff, bituminous coal, lignite etc..
KOH solids are chemical activating agents, when being mixed with activated carbon precursor, to prevent KOH solids deliquescence, it is necessary to quick mill
Into powder and it is put into atmosphere furnace, the mass ratio of KOH and coal dust is (1:5)-(10:1).
Adhesive described in forming process is the meta-aluminic acid in the basic material of synthesis of molecular sieve, specific adhesive
Sodium:Sodium metasilicate:KOH molal weight ratio is 1:(0.5-5):(0.5-4).
Compared with prior art, the advantage of the invention is that：
It is of the invention direct using KOH solids as activator, by the proportion adjustment activation effect for adjusting KOH solids and coal dust.
Compared with KOH solution, it is not necessary to impregnate for a long time, shorten activation effect under preparation time and the same terms more preferable；With titanium dioxide
Carbon or steam activation are compared, and activation temperature is low, save the energy.
Forming process is adhesive using sodium metaaluminate, sodium metasilicate, KOH, is the basic material of synthesis of molecular sieve.After shaping
The compression strength and wear resistance of particle are all higher.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
(1) prepared by KOH activated carbons：The quick grind into powder of 10g KOH solids is weighed, 50g coal dusts is added and mixes rapidly
Close uniform.Said mixture is put into atmosphere furnace, in N2Under protection, 900 DEG C, activation are warming up to 5 DEG C/min heating rate
60min, through being washed to neutral, drying after cooling, obtains KOH activating activities carbon powders, its BET specific surface area is 200m2/ g,
Langmuir specific surface areas are 350m2/g。
(2) active carbon forming：Claim sodium metaaluminate 4g, nine water sodium metasilicate 7g, KOH 2g, after KOH deliquescence is complete, add
KOH activated carbon 8g mixing kneadings, extrusion forming, the particle of shaping is dried under the conditions of 105 DEG C, obtains shaped granule activity
Charcoal, its compression strength is more than 200N.
Embodiment 2
(1) prepared by KOH activated carbons：The quick grind into powder of 100g KOH solids is weighed, 10g coal dusts is added and mixes rapidly
Close uniform.Said mixture is put into atmosphere furnace, in N2Under protection, 900 DEG C, activation are warming up to 5 DEG C/min heating rate
60min, through being washed to neutral, drying after cooling, obtains KOH activating activities carbon powders, its BET specific surface area is 800m2/ g,
Langmuir specific surface areas are 1300m2/g。
(2) active carbon forming：Claim sodium metaaluminate 4g, nine water sodium metasilicate 14g, KOH 4g, after KOH deliquescence is complete, then add
Enter KOH activated carbon 16g mixing kneadings, extrusion forming, the particle of shaping is dried under the conditions of 105 DEG C, obtains shaped granule
Activated carbon, its compression strength is more than 200N.
Embodiment 3
(1) prepared by KOH activated carbons：The quick grind into powder of 60g KOH solids is weighed, 10g coal dusts is added and mixes rapidly
Close uniform.Said mixture is put into atmosphere furnace, in N2Under protection, 900 DEG C, activation are warming up to 5 DEG C/min heating rate
60min, through being washed to neutral, drying after cooling, obtains KOH activating activities carbon powders, its BET specific surface area is 3500m2/ g,
Langmuir specific surface areas are 5300m2/g。
(2) active carbon forming：Claim sodium metaaluminate 4g, nine water sodium metasilicate 14g, KOH 4g, after KOH deliquescence is complete, then add
Enter KOH activated carbon 16g mixing kneadings, extrusion forming, the particle of shaping is dried under the conditions of 105 DEG C, obtains shaped granule
Activated carbon, its compression strength is more than 200N.
Embodiment 4
(1) prepared by KOH activated carbons：The quick grind into powder of 40g KOH solids is weighed, 10g coal dusts is added and mixes rapidly
Close uniform.Said mixture is put into atmosphere furnace, in N2Under protection, 900 DEG C, activation are warming up to 5 DEG C/min heating rate
60min, through being washed to neutral, drying after cooling, obtains KOH activating activities carbon powders, its BET specific surface area is 2500m2/ g,
Langmuir specific surface areas are 3900m2/g。
(2) active carbon forming：Claim sodium metaaluminate 4g, nine water sodium metasilicate 14g, KOH 4g, after KOH deliquescence is complete, then add
Enter KOH activated carbon 16g mixing kneadings, extrusion forming, the particle of shaping is dried under the conditions of 105 DEG C, obtains shaped granule
Activated carbon, its compression strength is more than 200N.
Embodiment 5
(1) prepared by KOH activated carbons：The quick grind into powder of 30g KOH solids is weighed, 10g coal dusts is added and mixes rapidly
Close uniform.Said mixture is put into atmosphere furnace, in N2Under protection, 800 DEG C, activation are warming up to 5 DEG C/min heating rate
60min, through being washed to neutral, drying after cooling, obtains KOH activating activities carbon powders, its BET specific surface area is 1600m2/ g,
Langmuir specific surface areas are 2300m2/g。
(2) active carbon forming：Claim sodium metaaluminate 5g, nine water sodium metasilicate 10g, KOH 4g, after KOH deliquescence is complete, then add
Enter KOH activated carbon 16g mixing kneadings, extrusion forming, the particle of shaping is dried under the conditions of 105 DEG C, obtains shaped granule
Activated carbon, its compression strength is more than 200N.
Embodiment 6
(1) prepared by KOH activated carbons：The quick grind into powder of 50g KOH solids is weighed, 10g coal dusts is added and mixes rapidly
Close uniform.Said mixture is put into atmosphere furnace, in N2Under protection, 1000 DEG C, activation are warming up to 5 DEG C/min heating rate
60min, through being washed to neutral, drying after cooling, obtains KOH activating activities carbon powders, its BET specific surface area is 2100m2/ g,
Langmuir specific surface areas are 3400m2/g。
(2) active carbon forming：Claim sodium metaaluminate 4g, nine water sodium metasilicate 70g, KOH 10g, after KOH deliquescence is complete, then add
Enter KOH activated carbon 40g mixing kneadings, extrusion forming, the particle of shaping is dried under the conditions of 105 DEG C, obtains shaped granule
Activated carbon, its compression strength is more than 200N.
Embodiment 7
(1) prepared by KOH activated carbons：The quick grind into powder of 60g KOH solids is weighed, 10g coal dusts is added and mixes rapidly
Close uniform.Said mixture is put into atmosphere furnace, in N2Under protection, 700 DEG C, activation are warming up to 5 DEG C/min heating rate
60min, through being washed to neutral, drying after cooling, obtains KOH activating activities carbon powders, its BET specific surface area is 1700m2/ g,
Langmuir specific surface areas are 2600m2/g。
(2) active carbon forming：Claim sodium metaaluminate 5g, nine water sodium metasilicate 10g, KOH 4g, after KOH deliquescence is complete, then add
Enter KOH activated carbon 16g mixing kneadings, extrusion forming, the particle of shaping is dried under the conditions of 105 DEG C, obtains shaped granule
Activated carbon, its compression strength is more than 200N.
Embodiment 8
(1) prepared by KOH activated carbons：The quick grind into powder of 40g KOH solids is weighed, 10g coal dusts is added and mixes rapidly
Close uniform.Said mixture is put into atmosphere furnace, in N2Under protection, 800 DEG C, activation are warming up to 5 DEG C/min heating rate
60min, through being washed to neutral, drying after cooling, obtains KOH activating activities carbon powders, its BET specific surface area is 2100m2/ g,
Langmuir specific surface areas are 3200m2/g。
(2) active carbon forming：Claim sodium metaaluminate 5g, nine water sodium metasilicate 10g, KOH 4g, after KOH deliquescence is complete, then add
Enter KOH activated carbon 16g mixing kneadings, extrusion forming, the particle of shaping is dried under the conditions of 105 DEG C, obtains shaped granule
Activated carbon, its compression strength is more than 200N.
Embodiment 9
(1) prepared by KOH activated carbons：The quick grind into powder of 30g KOH solids is weighed, 10g coal dusts is added and mixes rapidly
Close uniform.Said mixture is put into atmosphere furnace, in N2Under protection, 900 DEG C, activation are warming up to 5 DEG C/min heating rate
90min, through being washed to neutral, drying after cooling, obtains KOH activating activities carbon powders, its BET specific surface area is 2000m2/ g,
Langmuir specific surface areas are 3000m2/g。
(2) active carbon forming：Claim sodium metaaluminate 4g, nine water sodium metasilicate 14g, KOH 4g, after KOH deliquescence is complete, then add
Enter KOH activated carbon 16g mixing kneadings, extrusion forming, the particle of shaping is dried under the conditions of 105 DEG C, obtains shaped granule
Activated carbon, its compression strength is more than 200N.
Embodiment 10
(1) prepared by KOH activated carbons：The quick grind into powder of 40g KOH solids is weighed, 10g coal dusts is added and mixes rapidly
Close uniform.Said mixture is put into atmosphere furnace, in N2Under protection, 900 DEG C, activation are warming up to 5 DEG C/min heating rate
30min, through being washed to neutral, drying after cooling, obtains KOH activating activities carbon powders, its BET specific surface area is 2400m2/ g,
Langmuir specific surface areas are 3600m2/g。
(2) active carbon forming：Claim sodium metaaluminate 4g, nine water sodium metasilicate 14g, KOH 4g, after KOH deliquescence is complete, then add
Enter KOH activated carbon 16g mixing kneadings, extrusion forming, the particle of shaping is dried under the conditions of 105 DEG C, obtains shaped granule
Activated carbon, its compression strength is more than 200N.
Embodiment 11
(1) prepared by KOH activated carbons：The quick grind into powder of 50g KOH solids is weighed, 10g coal dusts is added and mixes rapidly
Close uniform.Said mixture is put into atmosphere furnace, in N2Under protection, 900 DEG C, activation are warming up to 5 DEG C/min heating rate
30min, through being washed to neutral, drying after cooling, obtains KOH activating activities carbon powders, its BET specific surface area is 2600m2/ g,
Langmuir specific surface areas are 4000m2/g。
(2) active carbon forming：Claim sodium metaaluminate 4g, nine water sodium metasilicate 14g, KOH 4g, after KOH deliquescence is complete, then add
Enter KOH activated carbon 16g mixing kneadings, extrusion forming, the particle of shaping is dried under the conditions of 105 DEG C, obtains shaped granule
Activated carbon, its compression strength is more than 200N.
Embodiment 13
(1) prepared by KOH activated carbons：The quick grind into powder of 40g KOH solids is weighed, 10g coal dusts is added and mixes rapidly
Close uniform.Said mixture is put into atmosphere furnace, in N2Under protection, 900 DEG C, activation are warming up to 5 DEG C/min heating rate
60min, through being washed to neutral, drying after cooling, obtains KOH activating activities carbon powders, its BET specific surface area is 2500m2/ g,
Langmuir specific surface areas are 3900m2/g。
(2) active carbon forming：Claim sodium metaaluminate 4g, nine water sodium metasilicate 10g, KOH 6g, after KOH deliquescence is complete, then add
Enter KOH activated carbon 24g mixing kneadings, extrusion forming, the particle of shaping is dried under the conditions of 105 DEG C, obtains shaped granule
Activated carbon, its compression strength is more than 200N.
Embodiment 14
(1) prepared by KOH activated carbons：The quick grind into powder of 60g KOH solids is weighed, 10g coal dusts is added and mixes rapidly
Close uniform.Said mixture is put into atmosphere furnace, in N2Under protection, 750 DEG C, activation are warming up to 10 DEG C/min heating rate
60min, through being washed to neutral, drying after cooling, obtains KOH activating activities carbon powders, its BET specific surface area is 3100m2/ g,
Langmuir specific surface areas are 4800m2/g。
(2) active carbon forming：Sodium metaaluminate 2g, nine water sodium metasilicate 7g, KOH 3g are weighed, after KOH deliquescence is complete, then are added
Enter KOH activated carbon 12g mixing kneadings, extrusion forming, the particle of shaping is dried under the conditions of 105 DEG C, obtains shaped granule
Activated carbon, its compression strength is more than 200N.
Embodiment 15
(1) prepared by KOH activated carbons：The quick grind into powder of 60g KOH solids is weighed, 10g coal dusts is added and mixes rapidly
Close uniform.Said mixture is put into atmosphere furnace, in N2Under protection, 800 DEG C, activation are warming up to 5 DEG C/min heating rate
90min, through being washed to neutral, drying after cooling, obtains KOH activating activities carbon powders, its BET specific surface area is 3200m2/ g,
Langmuir specific surface areas are 5100m2/g。
(2) active carbon forming：Sodium metaaluminate 4g, nine water sodium metasilicate 14g, KOH 4g are weighed, after KOH deliquescence is complete, then
KOH activated carbon 16g mixing kneadings are added, extrusion forming, the particle of shaping is dried under the conditions of 105 DEG C, obtain shaping
Grain activated carbon, its compression strength is more than 200N.
Embodiment 16
(1) prepared by KOH activated carbons：The quick grind into powder of 40g KOH solids is weighed, 10g coal dusts is added and mixes rapidly
Close uniform.Said mixture is put into atmosphere furnace, in N2Under protection, 750 DEG C, activation are warming up to 10 DEG C/min heating rate
60min, through being washed to neutral, drying after cooling, obtains KOH activating activities carbon powders, its BET specific surface area is 2700m2/ g,
Langmuir specific surface areas are 4000m2/g。
(2) active carbon forming：Sodium metaaluminate 2g, nine water sodium metasilicate 14g, KOH 2g are weighed, after KOH deliquescence is complete, then
KOH activated carbon 8g mixing kneadings are added, extrusion forming, the particle of shaping is dried under the conditions of 105 DEG C, obtains shaped granule
Activated carbon, its compression strength is more than 200N.
Embodiment 17
(1) prepared by KOH activated carbons：The quick grind into powder of 30g KOH solids is weighed, 10g coal dusts is added and mixes rapidly
Close uniform.Said mixture is put into atmosphere furnace, in N2Under protection, 850 DEG C, activation are warming up to 5 DEG C/min heating rate
60min, through being washed to neutral, drying after cooling, obtains KOH activating activities carbon powders, its BET specific surface area is 1900m2/ g,
Langmuir specific surface areas are 2900m2/g。
(2) active carbon forming：Sodium metaaluminate 4g, nine water sodium metasilicate 14g, KOH 5g are weighed, after KOH deliquescence is complete, then
KOH activated carbon 20g mixing kneadings are added, extrusion forming, the particle of shaping is dried under the conditions of 105 DEG C, obtain shaping
Grain activated carbon, its compression strength is more than 200N.
Embodiment 18
(1) prepared by KOH activated carbons：The quick grind into powder of 80g KOH solids is weighed, 10g coal dusts is added and mixes rapidly
Close uniform.Said mixture is put into atmosphere furnace, in N2Under protection, 900 DEG C, activation are warming up to 5 DEG C/min heating rate
30min, through being washed to neutral, drying after cooling, obtains KOH activating activities carbon powders, its BET specific surface area is 1800m2/ g,
Langmuir specific surface areas are 2300m2/g。
(2) active carbon forming：Claim sodium metaaluminate 4g, nine water sodium metasilicate 14g, KOH 4g, after KOH deliquescence is complete, then add
Enter KOH activated carbon 16g mixing kneadings, extrusion forming, the particle of shaping is dried under the conditions of 105 DEG C, obtains shaped granule
Activated carbon, its compression strength is more than 200N.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of activated carbon of KOH solids activation is prepared and forming method, it is characterised in that comprised the following steps：
Step 1, by the quick grind into powder of KOH solids, activated carbon precursor is added after the completion of grinding by a certain percentage, then quickly
It is uniformly mixed to form mixture；
Step 2, mixture is put into atmosphere furnace rapidly, in N2Under protection, 700- is warming up to 5-15 DEG C/min heating rate
1000 DEG C, 30-120min is activated, through washing, drying after cooling, KOH activating activities carbon powders are obtained；
Step 3, sodium metaaluminate, sodium metasilicate, KOH be mixed to form adhesive by a certain percentage, after KOH deliquescence is complete, then added
Enter KOH activating activities carbon powders, adhesive and KOH activating activities carbon powder are with mass ratio 1:4 mixing kneadings, extrusion forming；
Step 4, the particle of shaping are dried under the conditions of 105 DEG C, obtain shaped granule activated carbon.
2. a kind of activated carbon of KOH solids activation as claimed in claim 1 is prepared and forming method, it is characterised in that described
Activated carbon precursor is all kinds of coal dusts, including anchracite duff, bituminous coal, lignite.
3. a kind of activated carbon of KOH solids activation as claimed in claim 1 is prepared and forming method, it is characterised in that KOH is solid
Body is chemical activating agent, when being mixed with activated carbon precursor, to prevent KOH solids deliquescence, it is necessary to quickly clay into power and be put into
In atmosphere furnace, and the mass ratio of KOH and coal dust is (1:5)-(10:1).
4. a kind of activated carbon of KOH solids activation as claimed in claim 1 is prepared and forming method, it is characterised in that be molded
Adhesive described in journey is the sodium metaaluminate in the basic material of synthesis of molecular sieve, specific adhesive:Sodium metasilicate:KOH's
Molal weight ratio is 1:(0.5-5):(0.5-4).
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| CN201510868434.8A CN105293491B (en) | 2015-12-01 | 2015-12-01 | A kind of activated carbon of KOH solids activation is prepared and forming method |
| PCT/CN2015/097816 WO2017092077A1 (en) | 2015-12-01 | 2015-12-18 | Method for preparing and forming koh solid-activated charcoal |
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| WO2017092077A1 (en) | 2017-06-08 |
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