CN105284674A - Pearl containing noble metal and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Pearl containing noble metal and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105284674A CN105284674A CN201510307313.6A CN201510307313A CN105284674A CN 105284674 A CN105284674 A CN 105284674A CN 201510307313 A CN201510307313 A CN 201510307313A CN 105284674 A CN105284674 A CN 105284674A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A44—HABERDASHERY; JEWELLERY
- A44C—PERSONAL ADORNMENTS, e.g. JEWELLERY; COINS
- A44C17/00—Gems or the like
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The invention discloses a pearl containing noble metal and a preparation method thereof. The pearl containing noble metal comprises a pearl nucleus and a nacreous layer and is characterized in that a metal layer is arranged between the pearl nucleus and the nacreous layer.The preparation method of the pearl comprises following steps of: (1) preparing a noble metal layer of even thickness on the surface of an ordinary pearl nucleus; (2) enabling mantle cells of a pearl mussel to be distributed on the surface of a noble metal layer of the pearl nucleus; and (3) implanting the pearl nucleus to a nucleus implantation position of the pearl mussel, sleeving a net bag with meshes smaller than the diameter of the pearl nucleus and placing the pearl mussel into an aquaculture water area for culturing a pearl. The pearl containing noble metal and the preparation method thereof have following beneficial effects: the mantle cells are uniformly distributed in the periphery of the pearl nucleus in order to form a pearl sac having uniformity of thickness so that pearl production technology is improved; quality of the pearl is improved; and a genuine high-quality gold pearl is produced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of pearl containing noble metal and breeding method thereof, belong to pearl production field.
Background technology
Pearl since ancient times with the gloss of its mellow and full beauty by the people of various countries are liked, the noble metals such as gold are symbol and the carrier of wealth always.A kind of Nan Yang gold bead originating in Australian northern bay obtains liking of people with its natural gold, and price is very expensive.If the noble metal such as pearl and gold organically can be combined as a whole, a kind of novel luxury consumer goods can be createed, greatly improve the value of pearl nucleus and noble metal.
Current natural peral is few, and most of pearl is all the pearl propagated artificially.People imitate the principle that natural peral generates, mantle piece alive is cut from pearl culturing clam outer embrane, implant in the outer embrane connective tissue of freshwater mussel together with artificial pearl's core prepared by clam shell, in pearl freshwater mussel body, from the free out epidermal cell of mantle piece, rely on the nutrition that connective tissue provides, breed around artificial nucleus, form pearl sac, secretion nacre, thus generate artificial nucleated pearl.But this method can only be affixed on the side of pearl core due to mantle piece, the external carbon dosage that easily making dissociates is skewness around pearl core, cause the pearl size of cultivation, color and luster uneven, there is the problems such as dirty strain, tail pearl, flaw pearl, high quality pearl productivity ratio is low.
Therefore, we adopt and superscribe one deck gold or other noble metals in the outside of common shell pearl nucleus, pearl nucleus are it can be used as to cultivate for pearl, and improve pearl production technology by making external carbon dosage be uniformly distributed the uniform pearl sac of formation thickness around pearl nucleus, improve the quality of cultivating pearl, produce real high-quality gold bead.
Summary of the invention
A kind of inside is the object of the present invention is to provide to include the pearl of noble metal, its outer surface is nacre, there is noble metal inside, by the pearl nucleus containing noble metal being inserted into the slotting core position of pearl shell, in the breeding process of pearl shell, be successively wrapped in the pearl nucleus surface containing layer of precious metal by the nacre of pearl shell mantle emiocytosis, nacre and noble metal component are organically connected as a single entity, thus cultivate a kind of Novel pearl, substantially increase the value of pearl.
In order to realize foregoing invention object, present invention employs following technical scheme: a kind of pearl, comprising pearl nucleus and pearly layer, it is characterized in that, between the pearl nucleus and pearly layer of pearl, have a layer of precious metal.
A kind of pearl of the present invention, its production method is:
(1) prepare a uniform layer of precious metal of thickness on the surface of ordinary pearl core;
(2) pearl freshwater mussel external carbon dosage is distributed in the surface of pearl nucleus layer of precious metal;
(3) what pearl nucleus are implanted to pearl culturing clam plants core position, puts the mesh bag that mesh diameter is less than pearl nucleus diameter, pearl culturing clam is put into Cultivated water cultivating pearl.
The production method of described pearl, is characterized in that, the preparation method of layer of precious metal is as follows:
(1) ordinary pearl core is polished smooth, be coated with last layer high-temperature resistant coating on its surface;
(2) prepare mould: to be die neededly made up of mould I and mould II, mould I is made up of the hollow hemisphere that two structures are the same, the medial surface of each hemisphere has the rib of 3 projections, wherein 2 ribs lay respectively at hemisphere both sides of the edge, another rib is positioned at the centre of hemisphere, the length of rib is 1/2 of spheroid girth, article 3, the end of rib is extremely crossing in the north and south of ball, the rib cut-out of end intersection, the South Pole forms recess as liquid injection hole, the height H of rib is 0.05 ~ 3mm, and edge rib width is the half of middle edge; The effect of rib is to support pearl nucleus, and the height making pearl nucleus put into after mould between pearl nucleus with hemisphere inner surface is consistent, and it is exactly highly the thickness of layer of precious metal; During use, first pearl nucleus are put into a hemisphere, then another hemisphere is closed up, edge rib its side after two hemispheres closes up of two hemisphere is stitched together and is combined into the width rib the same with middle edge width, two hemisphere close up into a spheroid, the sphere of rib one end is closed, other end sphere place reserves an aperture as liquid injection hole for pouring into the noble metal of fusing, the rib cut-out of this end joint, reserves duct and makes noble metal liquid can be filled in 4 spaces separated by rib in mould simultaneously; The first step that mould I is prepared for completing the outer layer of precious metal of pearl nucleus, obtains the layer of precious metal pearl nucleus being with groove; Mould II is made up of the hemisphere of two hollows, its inner surface is without raised structures, hemisphere internal diameter is 2 times of sums of pearl nucleus diameter and mould I rib height, a liquid injection hole is left for pouring into noble metal liquid after two hemispheres closes up, utilize mould II to complete filling up of groove, obtain layer of precious metal thickness identical containing spherical layer of precious metal pearl nucleus;
(3) layer of precious metal preparation: pearl nucleus surface being coated with high-temperature resistant coating put into mould I, by precious metal melting rear injection, the demoulding after cooling, take out pearl nucleus, put into mould II, reinject noble metal liquid, the groove stayed when first time is shaping in mould I is made to fill up noble metal liquid, the demoulding after cooling, takes out, and surface finish is smooth.
The production method of described pearl, it is characterized in that, by the method that pearl freshwater mussel external carbon dosage is distributed to pearl nucleus layer of precious metal surface be substantially equably, first prepare on the surface of pearl nucleus layer of precious metal the tissue engineering bracket that has porous three-dimensional cyberspace structure, then with free external carbon dosage Dual culture, the fiber making external carbon dosage stick to tissue engineering bracket grows, and concrete grammar is as follows:
(1) external carbon dosage enzymolysis is dispersed into the free cell of single existence;
(2) prepare a kind of basic uniform mould of tissue engineering bracket thickness making to cover pearl nucleus surface: mould is made up of the hemisphere of two hollows, the medial surface of each hemisphere have 3 with the buttress shaft of the plane orthogonal of hemisphere, be in the position being separated by 120 °, the effect of buttress shaft is to support pearl core, it is the same that object is to make the circumnuclear spatial altitude of pearl, thus make tissue engineering bracket thickness even, not damaged tissue engineering rack layer when the demoulding can be made to take out pearl nucleus with the plane orthogonal of hemisphere, the length of buttress shaft is at about 0.02 ~ 2mm, two hemispheres closes up rear sphere and leaves an aperture for perfused tissue engineering scaffold material solution.
(3) prepare tissue engineering bracket liquid: adopt compound that collagen or itself and other materials form as timbering material, timbering material is dissolved in pure water, being made into concentration is 1.0wt% ~ 3.0wt% solution, the glutaraldehyde solution of 2.5vol% is added wherein as crosslinking agent after timbering material dissolves completely, make glutaraldehyde final concentration be 0.01vol% ~ 0.05vol%, stir;
(4) support preparation: first having pearl nucleus surface adhesion one deck poly-D-lysine film or the collagen film of layer of precious metal, pearl nucleus containing layer of precious metal are put into mould, then tissue engineering bracket liquid is injected mould, vibration shakes up 10 minutes, left at room temperature makes tissue engineering bracket material be cross-linked for 2 ~ 12 hours, is cooled to 4 DEG C of process demouldings after 10 minutes; Place under-20 DEG C of conditions and make tissue engineering bracket freeze forming in 1 ~ 6 hour, then put into freeze drier vacuum drying 6 ~ 24 hours, take out, be soaked in distilled water and wash away residual glutaraldehyde; Then moisture is removed in vacuum drying;
(5) by the pearl nucleus after above-mentioned process and the outer embrane free cell be separated together culture in vitro in constant incubator, culture fluid is complete culture solution, adopt RPM1640 or M199 or DMEM, add the serum that final volume mark is 10 ~ 30vol%, serum adopts freshwater mussel serum or cow's serum, cultivation temperature 26 ~ 37 DEG C, incubation time 1 ~ 6 day, remove culture fluid after cultivation completes, then use PBS wash buffer, remove the cell do not sticked on tissue engineering bracket;
Described macromolecular material comprises the compound that biodegradable natural polymer materials collagen, gelatin, sodium alginate, fibrin, agarose, shitosan, hyaluronic acid and they and other materials form; Or the compound that biodegradable synthesized polymer material PLA (PLA), polyglycolic acid (PGA) and PLGA (PLGA), polycaprolactone (PCL), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and they and other materials form.
Wherein said noble metal comprise gold, platinum, silver or they and
The alloy that other metals are formed.
Specifically, technical solution of the present invention is:
One, preparation is containing the pearl nucleus of layer of precious metal:
1. ordinary pearl core is polished smooth, be coated with last layer high-temperature resistant coating on its surface.
2. prepare mould: to be die neededly made up of mould I and mould II, mould I is made up of the hollow hemisphere that two structures are the same, is closed up by 2 hemisphere and become a complete spheroid during use.The medial surface of each hemisphere has 3 south poles (with hole for injecting glue present position for the South Pole, its offside is the arctic) direction arrangement strip projection (hereinafter referred to as rib), 2 ribs wherein lay respectively at the both sides of the edge of hemisphere, another rib is positioned in the middle of hemisphere, preferably be positioned at the middle of hemisphere, the length of rib is 1/2 of spheroid girth, and the end of 3 ribs intersects at the south poles place of ball, and the rib cut-out of end intersection, the South Pole forms recess as hole for injecting glue; The height of rib is 0.05 ~ 3mm, middle edge width 2 ~ 4mm, and edge rib width is the half of middle edge width; The effect of rib is to support pearl nucleus, and the height making pearl nucleus put into after mould between pearl nucleus with hemisphere inner face is consistent, and it is exactly highly the thickness of layer of precious metal.During use, first pearl nucleus are put into a hemisphere, then another hemisphere is closed up, edge rib its side after two hemispheres closes up of two hemisphere is stitched together and is combined into the width rib the same with middle edge width, two hemisphere close up into a spheroid, the sphere of rib one end is closed, other end sphere place reserves an aperture as liquid injection hole for pouring into the noble metal of fusing, the rib cut-out of this end joint, reserves duct and makes noble metal liquid can be filled in 4 spaces separated by rib in mould simultaneously; The first step that mould I is prepared for completing the outer layer of precious metal of pearl nucleus, obtains the layer of precious metal pearl nucleus being with groove; Mould II is made up of the hemisphere of two hollows, its inner surface is without raised structures, hemisphere internal diameter is 2 times of sums of pearl nucleus diameter and mould I rib height, a liquid injection hole is left for pouring into noble metal liquid after two hemispheres closes up, utilize mould II to complete filling up of groove, obtain the spherical layer of precious metal pearl nucleus that layer of precious metal thickness is identical.
3. layer of precious metal preparation: pearl nucleus step 1 processed put into mould I, the noble metal of fusing is injected, the demoulding after cooling, take out pearl nucleus, put into mould II, the noble metal of fusing of reinjecting, the groove stayed when first time is shaping in mould I is made to fill up the noble metal of fusing, the demoulding after cooling, takes out, and surface finish is smooth.
Two, pearl freshwater mussel external carbon dosage is evenly distributed in substantially the surface of pearl nucleus layer of precious metal:
1. external carbon dosage is dispersed into the free cell of single existence: cleaning clam shell, tear and get nacreous mantle tissue, margins of excision colo(u)r streak part, is cut into about 1mm after cleaning and disinfecting
2fritter, adopt enzyme digestion digestion tissue block, the pancreatin of usual employing 0.25wt%, digested 0.5 ~ 4 hour of 25 ~ 37 DEG C of scopes, filter with 200 order tulles and remove residual tissue block, centrifugation in 1000r/ minute goes out cell, adds culture fluid and dispels cell precipitation, makes cell suspension density 1 × 10
5~ 5 × 10
7between, obtain the mantle tissue free cell suspension of pearl shell.Because nacre is formed by the secretion of outer embrane exocuticle, outer embrane endepidermis does not participate in the formation of pearl sac, therefore also pallial endepidermis can first be scraped off after cleaning and disinfecting, enzymolysis, digestion tissue block again, obtains the free cell suspension primarily of exocuticle and phoirocyte composition.
2. the basic uniform mould of a kind of tissue engineering bracket layer thickness making to cover pearl nucleus surface of preparation: mould is made up of the hemisphere of two hollows, the medial surface of each hemisphere have 3 with the buttress shaft of the plane orthogonal of hemisphere, be in the position being separated by 120 °, the effect of buttress shaft is to support pearl core, it is the same that object is to make the circumnuclear spatial altitude of pearl, thus make tissue engineering bracket thickness even, not damaged tissue engineering rack layer when the demoulding can be made to take out pearl nucleus with the plane orthogonal of hemisphere, the length of buttress shaft is at about 0.02 ~ 2mm, two hemispheres closes up rear sphere and leaves an aperture for perfused tissue engineering rack liquid.
3. prepare tissue engineering bracket liquid: the tissue engineering bracket material that can use as the present invention has natural Biodegradable polymer material and the Biodegradable polymer material of Prof. Du Yucang, natural degradable macromolecular material can select collagen, sodium alginate, gelatin, agarose, the compound that shitosan and hyaluronic acid etc. and they and other materials form, Prof. Du Yucang Biodegradable polymer material can select PLA (PLA), polyglycolic acid (PGA), PLGA (PLGA), polycaprolactone (PCL), the compound that they and the other materials such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) form.The wherein preferably compound that forms of collagen or itself and other materials, collagen has good biocompatibility, extremely low immunogenicity, good biodegradability and certain mechanical strength.
The preferred tissue engineering bracket material of the present invention is the compound that collagen or itself and other materials form, timbering material is dissolved in pure water, being made into concentration is 1.0wt% ~ 3.0wt% solution, the glutaraldehyde solution of 2.5vol% is added wherein as crosslinking agent after timbering material dissolves completely, make glutaraldehyde final concentration be 0.01vol% ~ 0.05vol%, stir.
1. support preparation: first having pearl nucleus surface adhesion one deck poly-D-lysine film or the collagen film of layer of precious metal, by your gold
Belong to layer pearl nucleus and put into mould, then tissue engineering bracket liquid is injected mould, vibration shakes up 10 minutes, and left at room temperature makes tissue engineering bracket material be cross-linked for 2 ~ 12 hours, is cooled to 4 DEG C of process demouldings after 10 minutes; Under-20 DEG C of conditions, place 1 ~ 6 hour freeze forming, then put into freeze drier vacuum drying 6 ~ 24 hours, take out, be soaked in distilled water and wash away residual glutaraldehyde; Then moisture is removed in vacuum drying.
2. make external carbon dosage be evenly distributed on pearl nucleus external surface peripheral: by the pearl nucleus after above-mentioned process and the outer embrane free cell be separated together culture in vitro in constant incubator, culture fluid is complete culture solution, adopt RPM1640 or M199 or DMEM, add the serum that final volume mark is 10 ~ 30vol%, serum adopts freshwater mussel serum or cow's serum, cultivation temperature 26 ~ 37 DEG C, incubation time 1 ~ 6 day, remove culture fluid, then use PBS wash buffer, remove the cell do not sticked on tissue engineering bracket.
Three, pearl cultivating: the pearl nucleus of above-mentioned process are planted routinely the slotting core position that kernel method is transplanted to pearl culturing clam, putting the mesh diameter mesh bag less than pearl nucleus diameter to pearl culturing clam causes pearl nucleus to be lost in case tell core, because noble metal density is larger, according to the difference of the layer of precious metal thickness of preparation, the breeding method of conventional hanging culture can be adopted or adopt vertical hanging culture to cultivate pearl culturing clam with flat cultural method of supporting alternately rotation.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The noble metal such as pearl and gold is organically combined as a whole by the present invention, creates a kind of Novel pearl consumer goods, improves the value of the noble metal such as pearl and gold.By preparing a tissue engineering bracket layer on pearl nucleus surface, make external carbon dosage can be evenly distributed to pearl nucleus surface, thus at pearl nucleus surface uniform secretion nacre, substantially increase the production efficiency of positive circular high quality pearl, thus make the production of noble metal pearl provide feasibility.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the cut-away view of gold layer mould I 1 hemisphere described in the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional view (face vertical with hole for injecting glue position) of gold layer mould I hemisphere described in embodiment 1, and middle circle represents the pearl nucleus with gold layer put in the future.
Fig. 3 is the vertical view (showing gum-injecting port) after gold layer mould I two hemispheres described in embodiment 1 closes up.
Fig. 4 is the profile having gold layer pearl nucleus prepared described in embodiment 1.
Fig. 5 is the morphosis figure of tissue engineering bracket mould described in embodiment 1.
Fig. 6 is the vertical view of tissue engineering bracket mould described in embodiment 1.
Fig. 7 is the profile of gold pearl prepared by embodiment 1.
Embodiment
The present invention will be further described by reference to the accompanying drawings for following specific embodiment, but scope not thereby limiting the invention.
Embodiment 1
One, preparation is containing the pearl nucleus of layer of precious metal:
1., at commercially available common shell pearl nucleus surface spraying last layer will Sheng Weihua board ZS-1091 high-temperature insulation ceramic coating, dry solidification under room temperature 48 hours.
2. prepare gold layer mould: to be die neededly made up of mould I and mould II, mould gypsum is made.Mould I is made up of the hollow hemisphere that two structures are the same, is closed up by 2 hemisphere and become a complete spheroid during use.The medial surface of each hemisphere has 3 south poles (with hole for injecting glue present position for the South Pole, its offside is the arctic) direction arrangement strip projection (hereinafter referred to as rib), wherein 2 ribs lay respectively at hemisphere both sides of the edge (hereinafter referred to as edge rib), another rib is positioned at middle (hereinafter referred to as middle edge) (Fig. 1 of hemisphere, Fig. 2), the length of rib is 1/2 of spheroid girth, and the end of 3 ribs intersects at the south poles place of ball, and the rib cut-out of end intersection, the South Pole forms recess as hole for injecting glue; The height H of rib is 1.8mm, width about the 3mm of middle edge 2, and edge rib 3 width is the half of middle edge.The effect of rib is to support pearl nucleus, and the height making pearl nucleus put into after mould between pearl nucleus with hemisphere inner face is consistent, and the height H of rib is exactly the thickness of gold layer; During use, first pearl nucleus are put into a hemisphere, then another hemisphere is closed up, edge rib its side after two hemispheres closes up of two hemisphere is stitched together and is combined into the width rib the same with middle edge width, two hemisphere close up into a spheroid, the sphere of rib one end is closed, other end sphere place reserves an aperture as liquid injection hole 1 for pouring into the gold (Fig. 3) of fusing, the rib cut-out of this end joint, reserves duct and makes gold liquid can be filled in 4 spaces separated by rib in mould simultaneously; The first step that mould I is prepared for completing the outer gold layer of pearl nucleus, obtains the gold layer pearl nucleus being with groove; Mould II is made up of the hemisphere of two hollows, its inner surface is without raised structures, hemisphere internal diameter is 2 times of sums of pearl nucleus diameter and mould I rib height, a liquid injection hole is left for pouring into gold liquid after two hemispheres closes up, utilize mould II to complete filling up of groove, obtain pearl nucleus 5(Fig. 4 of the identical spherical gold layer 4 of gold layer thickness).
3. gold layer preparation: the pearl nucleus 8 step (1) processed put into mould I (Fig. 2), the gold of fusing is injected, the demoulding after cooling, take out pearl nucleus, put into mould II, the gold of fusing of reinjecting, the groove stayed when first time is shaping in mould I is made to fill up the gold of fusing, the demoulding after cooling, takes out, and surface finish is smooth.
Two, pearl freshwater mussel external carbon dosage is evenly distributed in substantially the surface of pearl nucleus gold layer:
1. external carbon dosage is dispersed into the free cell of single existence: cleaning clam shell, tear and get nacreous mantle tissue, margins of excision colo(u)r streak part, is cut into about 1mm after cleaning and disinfecting
2fritter, adopts enzyme digestion digestion tissue block, usually adopts the pancreatin of 0.25wt%, digested 1 ~ 2 hour of about 26 DEG C of scopes, filter with 200 order tulles and remove residual tissue block, centrifugation in 1000r/ minute went out cell, add culture fluid and dispel cell precipitation, make cell suspension density 1 × 10
7left and right, obtains the mantle tissue free cell suspension of pearl shell.
2. the basic uniform mould of a kind of tissue engineering bracket layer thickness making to cover pearl nucleus surface of preparation: mould is made up of the hemisphere of two hollows, the medial surface of each hemisphere have 3 with the buttress shaft 7 of the plane orthogonal of hemisphere, be in the position (Fig. 5 being separated by 120 °, Fig. 6), the effect of buttress shaft is to support pearl core, it is the same that object is to make the circumnuclear spatial altitude of pearl, thus make tissue engineering bracket thickness even, not damaged tissue engineering rack layer when the demoulding can be made to take out pearl nucleus with the plane orthogonal of hemisphere, the length of buttress shaft is at about 1.2mm, two hemispheres closes up rear sphere and leaves an aperture 6 for perfused tissue engineering rack liquid.
3. prepare tissue engineering bracket liquid: under aseptic condition, with distilled water, recombinant human collagen albumen I is mixed with the solution that concentration is 1.5wt%, the glutaraldehyde solution of 2.5vol% is added wherein as crosslinking agent after collagen dissolves completely, make glutaraldehyde final concentration be 0.02vol%, stir.
4. support preparation: first will have the pearl nucleus autoclaving process of gold layer, the Poly-L-Lysine Solution putting into 0.01wt% vibrates immersion 30 minutes, takes out, dries, make its surface adhesion one deck poly-D-lysine film under aseptic condition.Gold layer pearl nucleus are put into mould, then collagen liquid is injected mould, vibration shakes up 10 minutes, and left at room temperature makes collagen cross-linking in 30 minutes, is cooled to 4 DEG C of process and makes the pearl nucleus demoulding in 10 minutes, opens mould and takes out pearl nucleus.Place 2 hours freeze formings under being cooled to-20 DEG C of conditions, then put into freeze drier vacuum drying 6 hours, vacuum is 12Pa, and freeze temperature is-50 DEG C, obtains the gold pearl nucleus of engineering rack layer in a organized way.
5. make external carbon dosage be evenly distributed on pearl nucleus external surface peripheral: by the pearl nucleus after above-mentioned process and the outer embrane free cell be separated together culture in vitro in constant incubator.Concrete grammar is: external carbon dosage suspension is dropped in tissue engineering bracket on the surface, make cell be evenly distributed on tissue engineering bracket surface as far as possible, then pearl nucleus are positioned over a kind of with in the culture vessel of hemispherical groove, slowly add a small amount of RPMI-1640 containing 20vol% freshwater mussel serum, try not to stir cell, whole pearl nucleus are made to be immersed in culture fluid, cultivate 2 hours in 26 DEG C of constant incubators, make cell attachment on timbering material, and then add in culture dish into culture fluid, liquid level is made to cover more than pearl nucleus 2mm, culture fluid is the RPM1640 culture fluid containing 10vol% freshwater mussel serum, incubation time 2 days, remove culture fluid, then PBS wash buffer is used, remove the cell do not sticked on tissue engineering bracket.
Three, pearl cultivating: the visceral mass pearl nucleus of above-mentioned process being transplanted to pearl culturing clam inserts core position, putting the mesh diameter mesh bag less than pearl nucleus diameter to pearl culturing clam causes pearl nucleus to be lost in case tell core, vertical hanging culture is adopted to cultivate pearl culturing clam with flat cultural method of supporting alternately rotation, cultivate and adopt freshwater mussel after 3 years and get pearl, obtain the positive circular pearl (Fig. 7) being about 1.8mm gold layer 4 between pearl nucleus 5 and pearly layer 9 containing a thickness.
Embodiment 2
Change the gold in embodiment 1 into platinum, other are with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3
One, preparation is containing the pearl nucleus of gold layer: method is with embodiment 1.
Two, pearl freshwater mussel external carbon dosage is evenly distributed in substantially the surface of pearl nucleus gold layer:
1. the acquisition of outer embrane free cell: with embodiment 1.
2. prepare tissue engineering bracket mould: with embodiment 1.
3. prepare tissue engineering bracket solution: timbering material adopts the compound of recombinant human collagen albumen I and shitosan.Concrete treatment step is as follows:
(1) prepare chitosan with high deacetylation degree: adopt conventional indirect type concentrated base method, taking 50g raw materials of chitosan is positioned in 1000mL round-bottomed flask, add 10MNaOH500mL, stir, control temperature, at about 110 DEG C, is hydrolyzed about 1 hour, be cooled to normal temperature, then repeatedly rinse with distilled water and be washed till neutrality, vacuum is drained, and transfers in round-bottomed flask.Repeat above step twice.After the white precipitate of gained is washed till neutrality with distilled water repeatedly, then use absolute ethyl alcohol and absolute ether suction filtration 3 times respectively, 60 DEG C of vacuum drying 24 hours.
(2) getting chitosan with high deacetylation degree is dissolved in the acetum of 0.5mol/L, is mixed with 1wt% chitosan solution, and suction filtration removes insoluble impurity.
(3) recombinant human collagen albumen III is fully dissolved in the solution making 1wt% in the acetum of 0.5mol/L.
(4) chitosan solution and collagen solution are mixed in the ratio of 1:1, the glutaraldehyde solution adding 2.5vol%, as crosslinking agent, makes glutaraldehyde final concentration be 0.02%, stirs.
4. support preparation: with embodiment 1.
5. make external carbon dosage be evenly distributed on pearl nucleus external surface peripheral: with embodiment 1.
Three, pearl cultivating: the visceral mass pearl nucleus of above-mentioned process being transplanted to pearl culturing clam inserts core position, putting the mesh diameter mesh bag less than pearl nucleus diameter to pearl culturing clam causes pearl nucleus to be lost in case tell core, vertical hanging culture is adopted to cultivate pearl culturing clam with flat cultural method of supporting alternately rotation, cultivate and adopt freshwater mussel after 3 years and get pearl, obtain the positive circular pearl containing a gold layer between pearl nucleus and nacre.
Above-described embodiment is section Example of the present invention, not any pro forma restriction is done to the present invention, any above embodiment is done according to technical spirit of the present invention any simple modification, equivalent variations and modification, all belong to the scope of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a pearl, comprises pearl nucleus (5) and pearly layer (9), it is characterized in that between the pearl nucleus and pearly layer of pearl, have a layer of precious metal (4).
2. the production method of a kind of pearl according to claim 1, comprises the steps:
(1) prepare a uniform layer of precious metal of thickness on the surface of ordinary pearl core;
(2) pearl freshwater mussel external carbon dosage is distributed in the surface of pearl nucleus layer of precious metal;
(3) what pearl nucleus are implanted to pearl culturing clam plants core position, puts the mesh bag that mesh diameter is less than pearl nucleus diameter, pearl culturing clam is put into Cultivated water cultivating pearl.
3. the production method of pearl according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, the preparation method of layer of precious metal is as follows:
(1) ordinary pearl core is polished smooth, be coated with last layer high-temperature resistant coating on its surface;
(2) prepare mould: to be die neededly made up of mould I and mould II, mould I is made up of the hollow hemisphere that two structures are the same, the medial surface of each hemisphere has the rib of 3 projections, wherein 2 ribs lay respectively at hemisphere both sides of the edge, another rib is positioned at the centre of hemisphere, the length of rib is 1/2 of spheroid girth, article 3, the end of rib is extremely crossing in the north and south of ball, the rib cut-out of end intersection, the South Pole forms recess as liquid injection hole, the height H of rib is 0.05 ~ 3mm, and edge rib width is the half of middle edge; The effect of rib is to support pearl nucleus, and the height making pearl nucleus put into after mould between pearl nucleus with hemisphere inner surface is consistent, and it is exactly highly the thickness of layer of precious metal; During use, first pearl nucleus are put into a hemisphere, then another hemisphere is closed up, edge rib its side after two hemispheres closes up of two hemisphere is stitched together and is combined into the width rib the same with middle edge width, two hemisphere close up into a spheroid, the sphere of rib one end is closed, other end sphere place reserves an aperture as liquid injection hole for pouring into the noble metal of fusing, the rib cut-out of this end joint, reserves duct and makes noble metal liquid can be filled in 4 spaces separated by rib in mould simultaneously; The first step that mould I is prepared for completing the outer layer of precious metal of pearl nucleus, obtains the layer of precious metal pearl nucleus being with groove; Mould II is made up of the hemisphere of two hollows, its inner surface is without raised structures, hemisphere internal diameter is 2 times of sums of pearl nucleus diameter and mould I rib height, a liquid injection hole is left for pouring into noble metal liquid after two hemispheres closes up, utilize mould II to complete filling up of groove, obtain layer of precious metal thickness identical containing spherical layer of precious metal pearl nucleus;
(3) layer of precious metal preparation: pearl nucleus surface being coated with high-temperature resistant coating put into mould I, by precious metal melting rear injection, the demoulding after cooling, take out pearl nucleus, put into mould II, reinject noble metal liquid, the groove stayed when first time is shaping in mould I is made to fill up noble metal liquid, the demoulding after cooling, takes out, and surface finish is smooth.
4. the production method of pearl according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, by the method that pearl freshwater mussel external carbon dosage is distributed to pearl nucleus layer of precious metal surface be substantially equably, first prepare on the surface of pearl nucleus layer of precious metal the tissue engineering bracket that has porous three-dimensional cyberspace structure, then with free external carbon dosage Dual culture, the fiber making external carbon dosage stick to tissue engineering bracket grows, and concrete grammar is as follows:
External carbon dosage enzymolysis is dispersed into the free cell of single existence;
Prepare a kind of basic uniform mould of tissue engineering bracket thickness making to cover pearl nucleus surface: mould is made up of the hemisphere of two hollows, the medial surface of each hemisphere have 3 with the buttress shaft of the plane orthogonal of hemisphere, be in the position being separated by 120 °, the effect of buttress shaft is to support pearl core, it is the same that object is to make the circumnuclear spatial altitude of pearl, thus make tissue engineering bracket thickness even, not damaged tissue engineering rack layer when the demoulding can be made to take out pearl nucleus with the plane orthogonal of hemisphere, the length of buttress shaft is at about 0.02 ~ 2mm, two hemispheres closes up rear sphere and leaves an aperture for perfused tissue engineering scaffold material solution.
5. prepare tissue engineering bracket liquid: adopt compound that collagen or itself and other materials form as timbering material, timbering material is dissolved in pure water, being made into concentration is 1.0wt% ~ 3.0wt% solution, the glutaraldehyde solution of 2.5vol% is added wherein as crosslinking agent after timbering material dissolves completely, make glutaraldehyde final concentration be 0.01vol% ~ 0.05vol%, stir;
Prepared by support: first having pearl nucleus surface adhesion one deck poly-D-lysine film or the collagen film of layer of precious metal, pearl nucleus containing layer of precious metal are put into mould, then tissue engineering bracket liquid is injected mould, vibration shakes up 10 minutes, left at room temperature makes tissue engineering bracket material be cross-linked for 2 ~ 12 hours, is cooled to 4 DEG C of process demouldings after 10 minutes; Place under-20 DEG C of conditions and make tissue engineering bracket freeze forming in 1 ~ 6 hour, then put into freeze drier vacuum drying 6 ~ 24 hours, take out, be soaked in distilled water and wash away residual glutaraldehyde; Then moisture is removed in vacuum drying;
By the pearl nucleus after above-mentioned process and the outer embrane free cell be separated together culture in vitro in constant incubator, culture fluid is complete culture solution, adopt RPM1640 or M199 or DMEM, add the serum that final volume mark is 10 ~ 30vol%, serum adopts freshwater mussel serum or cow's serum, cultivation temperature 26 ~ 37 DEG C, incubation time 1 ~ 6 day, remove culture fluid after cultivation completes, then use PBS wash buffer, remove the cell do not sticked on tissue engineering bracket;
Method pearl freshwater mussel external carbon dosage being distributed to substantially equably pearl nucleus layer of precious metal surface according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described macromolecular material comprises the compound that biodegradable natural polymer materials collagen, gelatin, sodium alginate, fibrin, agarose, shitosan, hyaluronic acid and they and other materials form; Or the compound that biodegradable synthesized polymer material PLA (PLA), polyglycolic acid (PGA) and PLGA (PLGA), polycaprolactone (PCL), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and they and other materials form.
6. noble metal according to claim 1, is characterized in that, wherein said noble metal comprise gold, platinum, silver or they and
The alloy that other metals are formed.
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| CN110115414A (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2019-08-13 | 广东海洋大学 | A kind of more effect blister pearl ornaments and preparation method thereof |
| CN112839509A (en) * | 2018-10-12 | 2021-05-25 | 富士胶片株式会社 | Pearl culture material, nucleus insertion method and pearl culture material composition |
| CN114902984A (en) * | 2022-01-26 | 2022-08-16 | 广西诸宝科技开发有限公司 | Preparation method of traceable high-immunity bead core |
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