CN105284260A - Fertilizing method of chrysanthemum - Google Patents
Fertilizing method of chrysanthemum Download PDFInfo
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- CN105284260A CN105284260A CN201510638044.1A CN201510638044A CN105284260A CN 105284260 A CN105284260 A CN 105284260A CN 201510638044 A CN201510638044 A CN 201510638044A CN 105284260 A CN105284260 A CN 105284260A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/14—Measures for saving energy, e.g. in green houses
Abstract
The invention provides a fertilizing method of chrysanthemum. The fertilizing method comprises the following steps: (1) applying 3 to 5kg of diammonium phosphate and 1.5 to 2kg of potassium sulphate to per mu of the field as base fertilizers, and then transplanting cutting seedlings into the field; (2) pinching for a first time when the height of the seedlings is up to 25cm, pinching for a second time after 15 to 20 days, pinching for a third time every 15 to 20 days, and applying 200 to 300g of calcium superphosphate mixed with 30 to 50kg of water for one time to per mu of plant leaves after pinching for the second time and pinching for the third time respectively; and (3) applying leaf fertilizer to the plant leaves for one time every 8 to 10 days after budding, and applying 200 to 300g of calcium superphosphate mixed with 30 to 50kg of water and 150 to 200g of potassium sulphate mixed with 20 to 50kg of water to per mu for each time. The chrysanthemum obtained by the fertilizing method is high in content of chlorogenic acid and flavonoids and high in quality.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural plantation technology field, be specifically related to a kind of fertilizing method of chrysanthemum.
Background technology
Chrysanthemum is the dry capitulum of composite family herbaceos perennial chrysanthemum ChrysanthemummorifoliumRamat, for clinical conventional Chinese medicine, there is effect of dispelling wind, heat-clearing, improving eyesight, removing toxic substances, be used for the treatment of anemopyretic cold, have a headache dizzy, red eye, swell pain, eyes are dim-sighted.Chrysanthemum is mainly containing Multiple components such as volatile oil, chrysanthemum glycosides, amino acid, flavones and chlorogenic acids, and wherein general flavone and chlorogenic acid are principle active component.General flavone has hypotensive, coronary artery dilator, prevents the effects such as coronary atherosclerosis, is used for the treatment of hypertension and coronary heart disease clinically, chlorogenic acid have anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, expand multiple effect such as hat lipopenicillinase, hepatic cholagogic etc.Flavonoids is 15 carbon compounds that two aromatic rings are got up by three carbon bridgings, its structure is from two different biosynthesis pathways, namely the phenyl alanine generated by shikimic acid pathway, generate coumaric acyl CoA through phenylpropyl alcohol alkane metabolic pathway under the effect of the enzymes such as PAL, then, the malonyl CoA generated by acetate-malonate pathway with three under the effect of chalcone synthase enters flavonoids route of synthesis and generates chalcone, then under the effect of other relevant enzyme such as enzyme, namely chalcone isomerase, change into other various flavonoidss.And chlorogenic acid is synthesized by shikimic acid pathway, namely the phosphoenolpyruvic acid (PEP) of glycolysis generation and the D-E4P effect of pentose phosphate pathway generation form the Arabic heptanone saccharic acid of intermediate product 3-deoxidation-D--7-phosphoric acid, further cyclisation production important intermediate shikimic acid.Shikimic acid again with PEP effect, form 3-enolpyruvylshikimate-5-phosphoric acid, slough Pi, form chorismic acid, chorismic acid is the important pivot material of shikimic acid pathway, and it is first form prephenic acid later, phenyl alanine is formed through transamination, then under the effect of phenylalnine ammonialyase (PAL), separate ammonia form cinnamic acid, and can form various phenylpropionic acid further by it, its Content of Chlorogenic Acid is synthesized with transforming by erythrose-4-phosphate the quininic acid produced together by caffeic acid.The Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China (2005 editions) is using the testing index of chlorogenic acid as chrysanthemum quality, and when it is generally acknowledged that chlorogenic acid and flavones composition is all high, chrysanthemum quality can become high-quality.Along with promulgation and the enforcement of " Good Agricultural Practices ", fertilising and soil fertility receive publicity day by day on the research that quality of medicinal material affects.The fertilizing management of current chrysanthemum exists random, and unreasonable fertilising phenomenon is very general, and its result causes chrysanthemum output not high, and quality is unstable.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention solves is to provide a kind of fertilizing method of chrysanthemum, and the method can improve the content of chrysanthemum Content of Chlorogenic Acid and general flavone greatly.
Technical scheme provided by the invention is a kind of fertilizing method of chrysanthemum, comprises the following steps:
1) apply 3 ~ 5kg diammonium phosphate and 1.5 ~ 2kg potassium sulfate as base manure toward large Tanaka by every mu, then cuttage seeding is moved into land for growing field crops;
2) when height of seedling carries out first time pinching to during 25cm, second time pinching is carried out after 15 ~ 20d, interval 15 ~ 20d carries out third time pinching again, respectively with second time and third time pinching after, 200 ~ 300g superphosphate is sprayed to water 30 ~ 50kg once by every mu to plant blade face;
3), after buddingging, to plant foliage-spray foliage fertilizer once, every mu sprays 200 ~ 300g superphosphate to water 30 ~ 50kg to every 8 ~ 10d at every turn, and 150 ~ 200g potassium sulfate is to water 20 ~ 50kg.
Step 1) in, apply base manure toward large Tanaka, N is fertile passable with the disposable applying of base manure form.
Step 2) in, pluck the top heart for three times to promote branch, second time and third time pinching after, the activity of PAL and CHI two kinds of enzymes can be strengthened foliage-spray P, Ca fertilizer, promote that the product that phenyl alanine is separated after ammonia through PAL is walked thus the flavones improved in plant body and chlorogenic acid content to flavones and the anabolic approach of chlorogenic acid.
Step 3) in, continue to impose P, Ca after buddingging fertile, and it is fertile as K to impose potassium sulfate, potassium sulfate can promote the anabolism of flavones and chlorogenic acid in plant body.Owing to not imposing N fertilizer, plant is slight nitrogen stress, the change of branch's approach of phenylpropyl alcohol alkane secondary metabolism process in the later stage can be avoided to apply plant body that N fertilizer brings, to promote the secondary anabolism of flavones and chlorogenic acid in plant body.After buddingging, interval 8 ~ 10d imposes above-mentioned fertilizer, can also promote that the flavones in plant cauline leaf and chlorogenic acid move towards reproductive organs, increases the content of flavones and chlorogenic acid in chrysanthemum capitulum further.
As preferably, step 2) in, after second time and third time pinching, plant enters flower bud differentiation period, now growth increment (mainly cauline leaf) reaches peak, metabolism (comprising nascent metabolism and secondary metabolism) is the most vigorous, nascent metabolism generates a large amount of prerequisite materials for carrying out secondary metabolism, in 3 ~ 5 days after spraying peroxophosphoric acid calcareous fertilisers, every day, rear employing luminous intensity was the light illumination 1 ~ 2h of 1500-2000lx at nightfall, and secondary metabolism can be stimulated to synthesize flavones.
Step 3) in, after entering the florescence, the amount of growth of the reproductive organs of plant peaks, now the metabolism (comprising nascent metabolism and secondary metabolism) of reproductive organs is the most vigorous, nascent metabolism generates a large amount of prerequisite materials for carrying out secondary metabolism, every day, rear employing luminous intensity was the light illumination 1 ~ 2h of 1500 ~ 2000lx at nightfall, secondary metabolism can be stimulated to synthesize flavones, and promote that Flavone moves towards capitulum, to improve flavones content in chrysanthemum capitulum.
Described light source is white light source or ultraviolet source.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1) the present invention is fertile with the disposable applying N of base manure form, cause the fertile slight disappearance of later stage N, the later stage can be avoided to apply the change of branch's approach of phenylpropyl alcohol alkane secondary metabolism process in the fertile plant body brought of N, to promote the secondary anabolism of the aldehydes matter such as flavones and chlorogenic acid in plant body.
2) after buddingging, add that P, Ca are fertile and K is fertile, not only can promote the synthesis of chlorogenic acid and Flavonoid substances, can also promote that reproductive organs migration kept in mind by the flavones in plant cauline leaf and chlorogenic acid, greatly improve the content of flavones and chlorogenic acid in chrysanthemum capitulum.
3) adopt the weak light source illumination prolongation sunshine time that secondary metabolism can be stimulated to synthesize flavones, greatly improve the content of flavones in plant, and promote that Flavone is towards capitate migration.
Embodiment
The present invention is further elaborated for following specific embodiment, but not as a limitation of the invention.
Embodiment 1
1) apply 3kg diammonium phosphate and 1.5kg potassium sulfate toward large Tanaka by every mu, then cuttage seeding is moved into land for growing field crops;
2) when height of seedling carries out first time pinching to during 25cm, carry out second time pinching after 15d, then interval 15d carries out third time pinching, second time and third time pinching after, respectively by every mu, a superphosphate is sprayed to plant blade face, spray 200g superphosphate to water 30kg at every turn;
3), after buddingging, to plant foliage-spray foliage fertilizer once, every mu sprays 200g superphosphate to water 30kg to every 8d at every turn, and 150g potassium sulfate is to water 20kg;
4) when fickle in love scatter 2/3 time can gather.
Control group example
1) apply 3kg diammonium phosphate and 1.5kg potassium sulfate toward large Tanaka by every mu, then cuttage seeding is moved into land for growing field crops;
2) when height of seedling carries out first time pinching to during 25cm, after 15d, carry out second time pinching, then interval 15d carries out third time pinching, after third time pinching, impose 1kg diammonium phosphate and 0.5kg potassium sulfate by every mu;
3), after buddingging, 1kg diammonium phosphate and 0.5kg potassium sulfate is imposed by every mu;
4) when fickle in love scatter 2/3 time can gather.
Embodiment 2
1) apply 5kg diammonium phosphate and 2kg potassium sulfate toward large Tanaka by every mu, then cuttage seeding is moved into land for growing field crops;
2) when height of seedling carries out first time pinching to during 25cm, carry out second time pinching after 20d, then interval 20d carries out third time pinching, second time and third time pinching after, respectively by every mu, a superphosphate is sprayed to plant blade face, spray 300g superphosphate to water 50kg at every turn;
3), after buddingging, to plant foliage-spray foliage fertilizer once, every mu sprays 300g superphosphate to water 50kg to every 10d at every turn, and 200g potassium sulfate is to water 50kg;
4) when fickle in love scatter 2/3 time can gather.
Embodiment 3
1) apply 4kg diammonium phosphate and 2kg potassium sulfate toward large Tanaka by every mu, then cuttage seeding is moved into land for growing field crops;
2) when height of seedling carries out first time pinching to during 25cm, carry out second time pinching after 18d, then interval 18d carries out third time pinching, second time and third time pinching after, respectively by every mu, a superphosphate is sprayed to plant blade face, spray 250g superphosphate to water 40kg at every turn; In 4 days after spraying peroxophosphoric acid calcareous fertilisers, every day, rear employing luminous intensity was white light source or the ultraviolet source illumination 1h of 1500lx at nightfall at every turn.
3), after buddingging, to plant foliage-spray foliage fertilizer once, every mu sprays 250g superphosphate to water 40kg to every 9d at every turn, and 170g potassium sulfate is to water 30kg;
4) when fickle in love scatter 2/3 time can gather.
Embodiment 4
1) apply 4kg diammonium phosphate and 2kg potassium sulfate toward large Tanaka by every mu, then cuttage seeding is moved into land for growing field crops;
2) when height of seedling carries out first time pinching to during 25cm, carry out second time pinching after 18d, then interval 18d carries out third time pinching, second time and third time pinching after, respectively by every mu, a superphosphate is sprayed to plant blade face, spray 250g superphosphate to water 40kg at every turn; In 4 days after spraying peroxophosphoric acid calcareous fertilisers, every day, rear employing luminous intensity was white light source or the ultraviolet source illumination 2h of 2000lx at nightfall at every turn.
3), after buddingging, to plant foliage-spray foliage fertilizer once, every mu sprays 250g superphosphate to water 40kg to every 9d at every turn, and 170g potassium sulfate is to water 30kg;
4) when fickle in love scatter 2/3 time can gather.
Embodiment 5
1) apply 3kg diammonium phosphate and 2kg potassium sulfate toward large Tanaka by every mu, then cuttage seeding is moved into land for growing field crops;
2) when height of seedling carries out first time pinching to during 25cm, carry out second time pinching after 15d, then interval 20d carries out third time pinching, second time and third time pinching after, respectively by every mu, a superphosphate is sprayed to plant blade face, spray 200g superphosphate to water 50kg at every turn; In 3 days after spraying peroxophosphoric acid calcareous fertilisers, every day, rear employing luminous intensity was white light source or the ultraviolet source illumination 1h of 2000lx at nightfall at every turn.
3), after buddingging, to plant foliage-spray foliage fertilizer once, every mu sprays 200g superphosphate to water 50kg to every 10d at every turn, and 150g potassium sulfate is to water 50kg; After entering the florescence, every day, rear employing luminous intensity was white light source or the ultraviolet source illumination 2h of 1500lx at nightfall.
4) when fickle in love scatter 2/3 time can gather.
Embodiment 6
1) apply 3kg diammonium phosphate and 2kg potassium sulfate toward large Tanaka by every mu, then cuttage seeding is moved into land for growing field crops;
2) when height of seedling carries out first time pinching to during 25cm, carry out second time pinching after 15d, then interval 20d carries out third time pinching, second time and third time pinching after, respectively by every mu, a superphosphate is sprayed to plant blade face, spray 200g superphosphate to water 50kg at every turn; In 3 days after spraying peroxophosphoric acid calcareous fertilisers, every day, rear employing luminous intensity was white light source or the ultraviolet source illumination 1h of 2000lx at nightfall at every turn.
3), after buddingging, to plant foliage-spray foliage fertilizer once, every mu sprays 200g superphosphate to water 50kg to every 10d at every turn, and 150g potassium sulfate is to water 50kg; After entering the florescence, every day, rear employing luminous intensity was white light source or the ultraviolet source illumination 2h of 1500lx at nightfall.
4) when fickle in love scatter 2/3 time can gather.
Experimental example
Test and carry out in certain chrysanthemum planting base of dragon victory, Guilin City, topsoil soils basic physical and chemical is: organic carbon 7.57g/kg, full nitrogen 0.78g/kg, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen 61.9mg/kg, rapid available phosphorus 18.9mg/kg, available potassium 136.6mg/kg, pH value 8.35 (water logging).Examination chrysanthemum is supplied to be red heart chrysanthemum (ChrysanthemummorifoliumRamat.).
Will for the random partition arrangement in examination land for growing field crops, establish 7 communities altogether, be respectively experimental group 1 ~ 6 and control group, each plot area is 2m
2, every community field planting 16 strain, establishes protective bag around, and protection row is established in minizone.Transplant on May 25th, 2014, experimental group 1 ~ 6 is applied fertilizer according to the method for embodiment 1 ~ 6, control group applies fertilizer according to the method for reference examples, on November 25th, 2014, chrysanthemum inflorescence was gathered end, then whole strain results chrysanthemum cauline leaf, add up the dry mass of chrysanthemum inflorescence and cauline leaf respectively, concrete outcome is in table 1.Soil, fertilizer basic physical and chemical conveniently analytical method measure, and chrysanthemum total flavone content colorimetric method for determining, chlorogenic acid content HPLC method measures.
The chrysanthemum total flavone of table 1 different fertilization and the impact of chlorogenic acid content
As seen from the above table, in experimental group 1 ~ 6, the general flavone of plant inflorescence and cauline leaf and chlorogenic acid content are all higher than control group, in experimental group 5 and 6, in inflorescence, general flavone content is the highest, but in cauline leaf general flavone content comparatively experimental group 3,4 decrease, this caused because general flavone in cauline leaf is transferred to inflorescence.
Claims (4)
1. the fertilizing method of chrysanthemum, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
1) apply 3 ~ 5kg diammonium phosphate and 1.5 ~ 2kg potassium sulfate as base manure toward large Tanaka by every mu, then cuttage seeding is moved into land for growing field crops;
2) when height of seedling carries out first time pinching to during 25cm, second time pinching is carried out after 15 ~ 20d, interval 15 ~ 20d carries out third time pinching again, respectively with second time and third time pinching after, 200 ~ 300g superphosphate is sprayed to water 30 ~ 50kg once by every mu to plant blade face;
3), after buddingging, to plant foliage-spray foliage fertilizer once, every mu sprays 200 ~ 300g superphosphate to water 30 ~ 50kg to every 8 ~ 10d at every turn, and 150 ~ 200g potassium sulfate is to water 20 ~ 50kg.
2. the fertilizing method of chrysanthemum according to claim 1, is characterized in that: step 2) in, in 3 ~ 5 days after spraying peroxophosphoric acid calcareous fertilisers, every day, rear employing luminous intensity was the light illumination 1 ~ 2h of 1500 ~ 2000lx at nightfall at every turn.
3. the fertilizing method of chrysanthemum according to claim 1, is characterized in that: step 3) in, after entering the florescence, every day, rear employing luminous intensity was the light illumination 1 ~ 2h of 1500 ~ 2000lx at nightfall.
4. the fertilizing method of the chrysanthemum according to Claims 2 or 3, is characterized in that: described light source is white light source or ultraviolet source.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106518367A (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2017-03-22 | 成都鑫瑞现代农业开发有限公司 | Chrysanthemum florescence foliar fertilizer |
| CN106518364A (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2017-03-22 | 成都鑫瑞现代农业开发有限公司 | Chrysanthemum leaf fertilizer |
| CN107041226A (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2017-08-15 | 上海浦蔬农业科技有限公司 | A kind of cultural method for improving Angelica Keiskei general flavone content |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102246651A (en) * | 2011-06-13 | 2011-11-23 | 东至陶公菊业有限公司 | Chrysanthemum planting method |
| CN103947445A (en) * | 2014-05-16 | 2014-07-30 | 麻城九州中药发展有限公司 | Chrysanthemum seed reserving seedling method |
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2015
- 2015-09-30 CN CN201510638044.1A patent/CN105284260A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102246651A (en) * | 2011-06-13 | 2011-11-23 | 东至陶公菊业有限公司 | Chrysanthemum planting method |
| CN103947445A (en) * | 2014-05-16 | 2014-07-30 | 麻城九州中药发展有限公司 | Chrysanthemum seed reserving seedling method |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
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| 孟繁罡: "菊花的抑制栽培管理", 《黑龙江科技信息》 * |
| 廖红梅、高立波: "药用菊花高产栽培技术要点", 《南方园艺》 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106518367A (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2017-03-22 | 成都鑫瑞现代农业开发有限公司 | Chrysanthemum florescence foliar fertilizer |
| CN106518364A (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2017-03-22 | 成都鑫瑞现代农业开发有限公司 | Chrysanthemum leaf fertilizer |
| CN107041226A (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2017-08-15 | 上海浦蔬农业科技有限公司 | A kind of cultural method for improving Angelica Keiskei general flavone content |
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Application publication date: 20160203 |