CN105270168A - 两轴电动驱动器 - Google Patents

两轴电动驱动器 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105270168A
CN105270168A CN201510421336.XA CN201510421336A CN105270168A CN 105270168 A CN105270168 A CN 105270168A CN 201510421336 A CN201510421336 A CN 201510421336A CN 105270168 A CN105270168 A CN 105270168A
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gear
motor
motor driver
transmission gear
planetary gear
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S.H.斯维尔斯
S.沃贝尔
G.R.瓦勒
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GM Global Technology Operations LLC
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GM Global Technology Operations LLC
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/04—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
    • B60K17/043—Transmission unit disposed in on near the vehicle wheel, or between the differential gear unit and the wheel
    • B60K17/046—Transmission unit disposed in on near the vehicle wheel, or between the differential gear unit and the wheel with planetary gearing having orbital motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/04—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
    • B60K17/16—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing of differential gearing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/52—Driving a plurality of drive axles, e.g. four-wheel drive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T1/00—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles
    • B60T1/02—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels
    • B60T1/06—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels acting otherwise than on tread, e.g. employing rim, drum, disc, or transmission or on double wheels
    • B60T1/062—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels acting otherwise than on tread, e.g. employing rim, drum, disc, or transmission or on double wheels acting on transmission parts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K2001/001—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units one motor mounted on a propulsion axle for rotating right and left wheels of this axle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K25/00—Auxiliary drives
    • B60K2025/005—Auxiliary drives driven by electric motors forming part of the propulsion unit
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
    • B60Y2200/92—Hybrid vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles

Abstract

本发明涉及两轴电动驱动器。用于车辆的电动驱动器包括电动马达和行星齿轮组件，该行星齿轮组件包括被驱动地连接到电动马达的转子的中心齿轮。行星齿轮组件的环形齿轮被连接到能够被释放以便向系统提供断开的制动器。第一传动齿轮被连接到行星齿轮架。第二传动齿轮被驱动地啮合于第一传动齿轮并且绕偏离于电动马达的轴线的第二轴线可旋转。差速器被驱动地连接到所述第二传动齿轮并且沿第二轴线向一对驱动轴提供驱动转矩。

Description

两轴电动驱动器
技术领域
本公开涉及用于车辆的电动驱动器，并且更具体地涉及用于车辆的两轴电动驱动器。
背景技术
本部分提供与本公开有关的不必定是现有技术的背景信息。
当前使用的大部分机动车辆由燃料发动机驱动，其经受很大的机械损耗并且具有低的能量效率，从而消耗大量能量并引起环境污染。随着电池技术的进步，近几年来混合电动车辆和电动车辆的流行度有所提高。不过，传统电动马达驱动器系统的封装需求已经影响了车辆设计和效率。因此，希望提供一种电动驱动器，其具有更紧凑的设置以及减轻的重量以提供改进的效率。
发明内容
本部分提供对本公开的总体概述，并且不是对其完整范围或其所有特征的全面公开。
提供一种用于车辆的电动驱动器，其包括电动马达，该电动马达包括定子和绕第一轴线可旋转的转子。行星齿轮组件包括被驱动地连接到转子的中心齿轮、与中心齿轮啮合并由行星齿轮架支撑的多个行星齿轮。环形齿轮与所述多个行星齿轮啮合。制动器被连接至环形齿轮。第一传动齿轮被连接至行星齿轮架。第二传动齿轮被驱动地啮合于第一传动齿轮并且绕偏离于第一轴线的第二轴线可旋转。差速器被驱动地连接到第二传动齿轮并且向一对驱动轴提供驱动转矩。
本申请还提供了以下技术方案。
方案1.一种用于车辆的电动驱动器，包括：
电动马达，所述电动马达包括定子和绕第一轴线可旋转的转子；
行星齿轮组件，所述行星齿轮组件包括被驱动地连接到所述转子的中心齿轮、与所述中心齿轮啮合并被行星齿轮架支撑的多个行星齿轮、与所述多个行星齿轮啮合的环形齿轮；
被连接到所述环形齿轮的制动器；
被连接到所述行星齿轮架的第一传动齿轮；
被驱动地啮合于所述第一传动齿轮并且绕偏离于所述第一轴线的第二轴线可旋转的第二传动齿轮；以及
被驱动地连接到所述第二传动齿轮并且向一对驱动轴提供驱动转矩的差速器。
方案2.根据方案1所述的电动驱动器，其中所述第一传动齿轮被布置在所述行星齿轮组件和所述马达之间。
方案3.根据方案1所述的电动驱动器，还包括被所述行星齿轮架驱动的油泵，所述油泵向所述制动器供应加压油。
方案4.根据方案3所述的电动驱动器，其中所述油泵选择性地供应加压油以便断开所述制动器。
方案5.根据方案4所述的电动驱动器，其中所述制动器包括用于应用所述制动器的弹簧并且通过来自所述油泵的加压油被液压释放。
方案6.根据方案1所述的电动驱动器，还包括邻近所述第一传动齿轮和所述第二传动齿轮的中心支撑件。
方案7.根据方案6所述的电动驱动器，其中所述中心支撑件被置于所述电动马达和所述第一传动齿轮之间。
方案8.根据方案6所述的电动驱动器，还包括被附接到所述中心支撑件并且覆盖所述电动马达的第一外壳区段。
方案9.根据方案8所述的电动驱动器，还包括被附接到所述中心支撑件并且覆盖所述行星齿轮组件和所述差速器的第二外壳区段。
方案10.根据方案9所述的电动驱动器，还包括被所述行星齿轮架驱动并且被置于所述第二外壳区段内的油泵。
方案11.根据方案9所述的电动驱动器，其中所述中心支撑件将多个轴承支撑在所述中心支撑件的平面内。
方案12.根据方案1所述的电动驱动器，还包括被连接到所述环形齿轮的单向离合器。
方案13.根据方案12所述的电动驱动器，其中所述单向离合器是可选择单向离合器。
方案14.一种混合电动车辆，包括：
被驱动地连接到第一对驱动轴的内燃发动机；以及
电动驱动器，所述电动驱动器包括：
电动马达，所述电动马达包括定子和绕第一轴线可旋转的转子；
行星齿轮组件，所述行星齿轮组件包括被驱动地连接到所述转子的中心齿轮、与所述中心齿轮啮合并被行星齿轮架支撑的多个行星齿轮、与所述多个行星齿轮啮合的环形齿轮；
被连接到所述环形齿轮的制动器；
被连接到所述行星齿轮架的第一传动齿轮；
被驱动地啮合于所述第一传动齿轮并且绕偏离于所述第一轴线的第二轴线可旋转的第二传动齿轮；以及
被驱动地连接到所述第二传动齿轮并且向第二对驱动轴提供驱动转矩的差速器。
方案15.根据方案14所述的电动驱动器，其中所述第一传动齿轮被布置在所述行星齿轮组件和所述马达之间。
方案16.根据方案14所述的电动驱动器，还包括被所述行星齿轮架驱动的油泵，所述油泵向所述制动器供应加压油。
方案17.根据方案14所述的电动驱动器，其中所述第一传动齿轮小于所述第二传动齿轮。
方案18.根据方案14所述的电动驱动器，还包括邻近所述第一传动齿轮和所述第二传动齿轮的承重板。
方案19.根据方案18所述的电动驱动器，还包括被附接到所述承重板且覆盖所述电动马达的第一外壳区段和被附接到所述承重板且覆盖所述行星齿轮组件和所述差速器的第二外壳区段。
方案20.根据方案14所述的电动驱动器，还包括被连接到所述环形齿轮的单向离合器。
从本文提供的说明将显而易见到更多的可应用领域。本发明内容中的描述和具体的示例旨在仅用于说明的目的并且不试图限制本公开的范围。
附图说明
本文描述的附图仅用于图释选定实施例而不是所有可能实施方式并且不试图限制本公开的范围。
图1是具有依据本公开原理的用于车辆的电动驱动器的混合电动车辆的示意图；
图2是图1所示的电动驱动器的透视图，其中外壳被移除以便图释；以及
图3是依据本公开原理的电动驱动器外壳的透视图。
在所有附图中的多幅视图中，对应附图标记指代对应零件。
具体实施方式
现在将参考附图更加全面地描述示例性实施例。
提供示例性实施例，以使本公开更加全面，并且将本发明范围全面地传达给本领域技术人员。提出许多特定细节，例如特定部件、装置和方法的示例，以便提供对本公开的实施例的全面理解。本领域技术人员将显而易见的是，不需要采用特定细节，示例性实施例可以以许多不同形式被实施，并且特定细节也不应被视为对本公开范围的限制。在一些示例性实施例中，没有具体描述公知过程、公知装置结构和公知技术。
本文使用的术语仅用于描述具体示例性实施例并且不试图是限制性的。如本文所用，单数形式“一”、“一种”和“该”可能试图也包括复数形式，除非上下文另有明确表示。术语“包括”、“包含”和“具有”是包含性的，并且因此明确说明存在所列出的零件、整体、步骤、操作、元件和/或部件，但是不排除存在或附加有一个或更多个其他零件、整体、步骤、操作、元件、部件和/或其集合。本文描述的方法步骤、过程和操作不应被看作必然需要以所讨论或示出的具体次序被执行，除非特别地作为执行次序被指出。也应该理解的是，可以使用附加或替代性步骤。
当元件或层被称为在另一元件或层“上”、“被接合到”、“被连接到”或“被联接到”另一元件或层时，其可以直接在另一元件或层上、直接接合、连接或联接到另一元件或层，或者可能存在中间元件或层。相比之下，当元件被称为“直接”在另一元件或层“上”、“被直接接合到”、“被直接连接到”或“被直接联接到”另一元件或层时，可能不存在中间元件或层。用于描述元件之间关系的其他词语应该以类似方式被解释（例如，“在……之间”与“直接在……之间”、“相邻”与“直接相邻”等等）。如本文所用，术语“和/或”包括一个或更多个相关联的列出的项目的任意和所有组合。
虽然本文可以使用术语第一、第二、第三等来描述各种元件、部件、区域、层和/或区段，不过这些元件、部件、区域、层和/或区段不应该被这些术语限制。这些术语可以仅被用于将一个元件、部件、区域、层或者区段区分于另一区域、层或者区段。当被使用时术语例如“第一”、“第二”和其他的数字术语不暗示一种序列或次序，除非上下文有明确指示。因此，在下文中讨论的第一元件、部件、区域、层或者区段可以被称为是第二元件、部件、区域、层或者区段而不背离示例性实施例的教导。
空间相对术语例如“内部”、“外部”、"下方"、"下面"、"下"、"上方"、"上"等等在本文可以被用于简化描述以便描述如附图所示的一个元件或零件与另一（些）元件或零件的关系。空间相对术语可以试图涵盖除附图中所示取向之外的在使用中或操作中的装置的不同取向。例如，如果附图中的装置被翻转，则被描述为在其他元件或零件“下面”或“下方”的元件将被定向为在这些元件或零件“上方”。因此，示例性术语"下面"能够涵盖上面和下面这两种取向。装置可以以其他方式被定向（旋转90度或者处于其他取向）并且本文使用的空间相对描述被相应地解释。
参考图1，示出了具有两轴电动驱动器10的混合电动车辆2的示意图。两轴电动驱动器10包括电动马达12，其提供驱动转矩至行星齿轮组件14，该行星齿轮组件14提供驱动转矩至传动齿轮机构16，该传动齿轮机构16提供驱动转矩至差速器18，该差速器18通过左和右半轴22提供驱动转矩至一对驱动轮20。
电动马达12能够包括定子24和绕第一轴线A可旋转的转子26。马达输出轴28能够被连接到转子26。行星齿轮组件14能够包括被驱动地连接到马达输出轴28的中心齿轮30。被行星齿轮架34支撑的多个行星齿轮32啮合于中心齿轮30。环形齿轮36啮合于每个行星齿轮32。制动器38被连接到环形齿轮36。制动器38能够是被普遍应用的弹簧制动器并且能够被来自油泵40（被示为旋转齿轮型泵）的加压油液压释放，该油泵40被行星齿轮架34驱动。提供单向离合器41以用于允许在电动驱动期间环形齿轮被完全制动以便允许使用较小薄片制动器38。行星齿轮架34也被连接到传动齿轮机构16的第一传动齿轮42。第一传动齿轮42仅啮合于绕第二轴线B可旋转的第二传动齿轮44。第二传动齿轮44被驱动地连接到差速器18，该差速器提供驱动转矩至左和右半轴22。左和右半轴22均能够通过等速万向节提供驱动转矩至一对驱动轮20。
参考图2，两轴电动驱动器10包括邻近第一传动齿轮42和第二传动齿轮44的中心支撑件50。中心支撑件50接收从中通过的马达输出轴28和右半轴22。用于从承重板穿过的各种轴的支撑轴承被设置使得其基本位于中心支撑件50的平面内，从而在各轴承之间提供自然刚性安装以及准确的位置公差。参考图3，两轴电动驱动器10被示为具有附接到中心支撑件50的一侧的第一外壳区段52和附接到承重板50的第二侧的第二外壳区段54。中心支撑件50以及第一和第二外壳区段52、54各自设有安装孔，所述安装孔接收从其穿过的紧固件56以用于将外壳区段52、54中的每个固定到中心支撑件50。紧固件56能够包括校准零件，例如销钉。第一外壳区段52包括马达外壳部分52A和轴外壳部分52B。第二外壳区段54包括行星齿轮外壳部分54A和差速器外壳部分54B。该对半轴22各自从第一和第二外壳区段52、54向外延伸。
电动驱动器10将行星齿轮组件14用作主要减速件，该主要减速件包括环形制动器36以用作断开件，并且电动驱动器10利用传动齿轮机构16作为两轴二级减速件。这种设置使得能够仅使用两个轴线实现高的马达-车轴比（motortoaxleratio），而不需要使得车轴杆穿过马达，从而允许最小化马达及其轴承的尺寸。本公开的设计进一步最小化了在这个比的范围内的驱动单元的质量。本系统也保持了将断开件实现为环形制动器的能力，这与常规设计中使用的旋转离合器相比可更简单地被机械化。本系统提供了不具有第三轴线的物理上紧凑的设置并且允许油泵40被直接驱动而不需沿单个轴线堆叠所有元件。
行星齿轮比和传动齿轮机构比使得总的齿轮比高达例如10-12:1。该系统利用单向离合器41，提供该单向离合器41来允许以较简单的片式离合器来启动。传动齿轮机构16被轴向定位在马达12和行星齿轮组件14之间，其使得差速器18居中。
应该理解的是能够利用替代性差动机构，包括行星齿轮差速器。此外，能够提供替代性制动器设置，包括掣子制动器、可选择单向离合制动器或者其他类型的制动机构。
如图1所示，两轴电动驱动器10能够在混合电动车辆2中被使用，该车辆2包括动力系60，该动力系60具有内燃发动机62，该内燃发动机62经由变速器66、差速器68和一对驱动轴70驱动一对驱动轮64。动力系60能够任选地包括马达发电机72，其辅助驱动驱动轮64。应该理解的是动力系60能够具有各种设置。在行星齿轮组件14的环形齿轮36上的断开制动器38允许电动驱动器10在动力系60正以高速驱动车辆2时从驱动轮20断开。
为了图释和描述的目的提供了实施例的上述描述。其不试图是排他的或限制本公开。具体实施例的各元件或零件一般不限于该具体实施例，而是当可应用时是可互换的并且能够被用于选定实施例，即使没有被特定示出或描述也是如此。其也可以以许多方式被改变。这样的变型不应该被看作背离本公开，并且所有这样的改进均试图被包括在本公开的范围内。

Claims (10)

1.一种用于车辆的电动驱动器，包括：
电动马达，所述电动马达包括定子和绕第一轴线可旋转的转子；
行星齿轮组件，所述行星齿轮组件包括被驱动地连接到所述转子的中心齿轮、与所述中心齿轮啮合并被行星齿轮架支撑的多个行星齿轮、与所述多个行星齿轮啮合的环形齿轮；
被连接到所述环形齿轮的制动器；
被连接到所述行星齿轮架的第一传动齿轮；
被驱动地啮合于所述第一传动齿轮并且绕偏离于所述第一轴线的第二轴线可旋转的第二传动齿轮；以及
被驱动地连接到所述第二传动齿轮并且向一对驱动轴提供驱动转矩的差速器。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电动驱动器，其中所述第一传动齿轮被布置在所述行星齿轮组件和所述马达之间。
3.根据权利要求1所述的电动驱动器，还包括被所述行星齿轮架驱动的油泵，所述油泵向所述制动器供应加压油。
4.根据权利要求3所述的电动驱动器，其中所述油泵选择性地供应加压油以便断开所述制动器。
5.根据权利要求4所述的电动驱动器，其中所述制动器包括用于应用所述制动器的弹簧并且通过来自所述油泵的加压油被液压释放。
6.根据权利要求1所述的电动驱动器，还包括邻近所述第一传动齿轮和所述第二传动齿轮的中心支撑件。
7.根据权利要求6所述的电动驱动器，其中所述中心支撑件被置于所述电动马达和所述第一传动齿轮之间。
8.根据权利要求6所述的电动驱动器，还包括被附接到所述中心支撑件并且覆盖所述电动马达的第一外壳区段。
9.根据权利要求8所述的电动驱动器，还包括被附接到所述中心支撑件并且覆盖所述行星齿轮组件和所述差速器的第二外壳区段。
10.一种混合电动车辆，包括：
被驱动地连接到第一对驱动轴的内燃发动机；以及
电动驱动器，所述电动驱动器包括：
电动马达，所述电动马达包括定子和绕第一轴线可旋转的转子；
行星齿轮组件，所述行星齿轮组件包括被驱动地连接到所述转子的中心齿轮、与所述中心齿轮啮合并被行星齿轮架支撑的多个行星齿轮、与所述多个行星齿轮啮合的环形齿轮；
被连接到所述环形齿轮的制动器；
被连接到所述行星齿轮架的第一传动齿轮；
被驱动地啮合于所述第一传动齿轮并且绕偏离于所述第一轴线的第二轴线可旋转的第二传动齿轮；以及
被驱动地连接到所述第二传动齿轮并且向第二对驱动轴提供驱动转矩的差速器。
CN201510421336.XA 2014-07-17 2015-07-17 两轴电动驱动器 Pending CN105270168A (zh)

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CN107791820A (zh) * 2016-09-01 2018-03-13 福特全球技术公司 混合动力变速驱动桥
CN107696847A (zh) * 2017-09-30 2018-02-16 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 一种混合动力系统及应用
CN108909426A (zh) * 2018-08-27 2018-11-30 吉林大学 一种双电机耦合行星排式两挡变速驱动桥
CN108909426B (zh) * 2018-08-27 2024-03-01 吉林大学 一种双电机耦合行星排式两挡变速驱动桥
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CN113950428A (zh) * 2019-06-11 2022-01-18 宁波吉利汽车研究开发有限公司 车辆动力传动系系统、车辆和用于操作车辆动力传动系系统的方法
US11685246B2 (en) 2019-06-11 2023-06-27 Ningbo Geely Automobile Research & Development Co. Vehicle powertrain system, a vehicle, and a method for operating a vehicle powertrain system
CN113950428B (zh) * 2019-06-11 2023-11-28 宁波吉利汽车研究开发有限公司 车辆动力传动系系统、车辆和用于操作车辆动力传动系系统的方法
CN113944738A (zh) * 2020-07-15 2022-01-18 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 具有双斜齿轮的电驱动装置
CN113944738B (zh) * 2020-07-15 2024-04-12 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 具有双斜齿轮的电驱动装置

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