CN105243040B - A kind of instrument stored program controlled and method for supporting USBTMC agreement based on PCIe bus - Google Patents
A kind of instrument stored program controlled and method for supporting USBTMC agreement based on PCIe bus Download PDFInfo
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- CN105243040B CN105243040B CN201510793898.7A CN201510793898A CN105243040B CN 105243040 B CN105243040 B CN 105243040B CN 201510793898 A CN201510793898 A CN 201510793898A CN 105243040 B CN105243040 B CN 105243040B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F13/00—Interconnection of, or transfer of information or other signals between, memories, input/output devices or central processing units
- G06F13/38—Information transfer, e.g. on bus
- G06F13/382—Information transfer, e.g. on bus using universal interface adapter
- G06F13/385—Information transfer, e.g. on bus using universal interface adapter for adaptation of a particular data processing system to different peripheral devices
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F13/00—Interconnection of, or transfer of information or other signals between, memories, input/output devices or central processing units
- G06F13/38—Information transfer, e.g. on bus
- G06F13/42—Bus transfer protocol, e.g. handshake; Synchronisation
- G06F13/4282—Bus transfer protocol, e.g. handshake; Synchronisation on a serial bus, e.g. I2C bus, SPI bus
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Abstract
The invention proposes a kind of instrument stored program controlleds that USBTMC agreement is supported based on PCIe bus, comprising: PCIe interface controller, usb interface controller, dma controller, high speed FIFO, single-chip microcontroller and EEPROM；Firmware program in the single-chip microcontroller for realizing hardware circuit initialization, to the pattern configurations of PCIe interface controller, usb interface controller and dma controller, each class descriptor for meeting USB agreement from device controller configuration, realizes the support of USBTMC agreement；PCIe interface controller is communicated with COMe module uses PCIe2.0 agreement, PCIe1.0 agreement that bus is backward compatible；Usb interface controller and host interface use USB3.0 agreement, USB2.0 agreement that bus is backward compatible, and usb interface controller adaptively uses the host of USB2.0 USB3.0 agreement to access.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of communication technology, in particular to a kind of instrument journey that USBTMC agreement is supported based on PCIe bus
Control system further relates to a kind of instrument programmed control method that USBTMC agreement is supported based on PCIe bus.
Background technique
USB has many advantages, such as that plug and play, interface compact, transmission rate are fast, make USB obtained numerous manufacturers and
The favor of user, USB interface have become one of the interface of computer platform standard, and current newest standard is
USB3.1。
Instrument and meter in test measurement class also more and more uses USB interface, and by this interface, computer can be with
Instrument and meter is controlled, data etc. are exchanged with instrument and meter.
Modular computing (COM) is that a kind of design CPU, chipset, memory and peripheral equipment collects in the high of component
Become second nature board, and when use needs to arrange in pairs or groups the independently developed support plate of user.COM support plate must be powered on, and connect with workable extension
Mouthful.The diversification of COM type, standard include COM Express, ETX and Qseven, have unified electrical, mechanical attributes and soft
The features such as part utility program, just as a component is inserted on plank when use, system upgrade is also more convenient, product category
It is abundant, it positions also different.Therefore, the custom system development time can be saved, user is made more to concentrate one's energy to be absorbed in itself
The field developmental research being good at.COMe (COM Express) supports newest expansion interface, the various modes of connection and 3 kinds it is different
Product type, it has also become most popular COM standard.Although COMe has many merits, also there is the deficiency of itself.COMe module
Use the hardware platform of x86 framework, bottom hardware only includes usb host controller, do not include from device controller, so
It is program-controlled to use USB interface to carry out, it needs to add from device controller hardware circuit and develops corresponding firmware program.
Fig. 1 show the existing instrument programmed control method principle realized and support USBTMC agreement.
Currently, can be realized the instrument of USBTMC agreement programmable interface has the frequency for much having Agilent R&S company
Spectrum analysis instrument and signal generator etc..The hardware platform of these instruments have the characteristics that it is some common, mostly using being based on
The CPU of ARM kernel, operating system Linux, Unix or Android etc..
USB full-speed device interface peripherals have been internally integrated there are many kinds of class using the CPU of ARM kernel；The drive of operating system
Dynamic program is provided by chip supplier, and inner nuclear layer is responsible for managing the direct communication using between USB peripheral interface and usb protocol,
Usb protocol is strictly observed, interface layer provides the complete interface between inner nuclear layer and user program.
USBTMC agreement is that but have the characteristics that itself based on usb protocol.Identical is that the standard of USB device is asked
It sums each class descriptor, distinctive is that the package of customized request and information unpacks.Realize that USBTMC agreement first has to configure
Descriptor, has configured host of the access equipped with VISA driving after descriptor, and equipment can be identified as USBTMC equipment automatically by host
And load VISA driving；Then the standard request and class definition request in USBTMC agreement are realized, to realize that test measurement is set
Standby specific function；The message communicating for finally realizing USBTMC agreement realizes the message transmission of test measuring device.
This method program-controlled by USBTMC protocol realization instrument is only applicable to using the operation such as ARM kernel and Linux
The instrument of system is not suitable for the instrument using x86 framework and Windows operating system, does not have portability, so needing
Develop a kind of instrument programmed control method that USBTMC agreement is supported suitable for both hardware platforms.
Summary of the invention
The invention proposes a kind of instrument stored program controlleds and method that USBTMC agreement is supported based on PCIe bus, solve to adopt
Program-controlled problem is carried out with the instrument of COMe hardware platform because not there is USB not to be available USB interface from device controller；It solves
The not strong problem of the software and hardware circuit portability of USBTMC agreement is realized based on ARM kernel hardware platform instrument；It solves
Instrument program-controlled the problem of needing real-time Transmission mass data.
The technical scheme of the present invention is realized as follows:
A kind of instrument stored program controlled for supporting USBTMC agreement based on PCIe bus, comprising: PCIe interface controller, USB
Interface controller, dma controller, high speed FIFO, single-chip microcontroller and EEPROM；
Firmware program in the single-chip microcontroller meets PCIe interface controller, USB for realizing the initialization of hardware circuit
The pattern configurations of mouth controller and dma controller meet USB each class descriptor of agreement from device controller configuration, realize
The support of USBTMC agreement；
PCIe interface controller is communicated with COMe module uses PCIe2.0 agreement, and bus is backward compatible, and PCIe1.0 is assisted
View；
Usb interface controller and host interface use USB3.0 agreement, USB2.0 agreement that bus is backward compatible, and USB connects
Mouth controller adaptively uses the host of USB2.0 USB3.0 agreement to access.
It is program-controlled based on one the invention also provides a kind of instrument programmed control method for supporting USBTMC agreement based on PCIe bus
System, the stored program controlled include: PCIe interface controller, usb interface controller, dma controller, high speed FIFO, single-chip microcontroller
And EEPROM；
Firmware program in the single-chip microcontroller meets PCIe interface controller, USB for realizing the initialization of hardware circuit
The pattern configurations of mouth controller and dma controller meet USB each class descriptor of agreement from device controller configuration, realize
The support of USBTMC agreement；
PCIe interface controller is communicated with COMe module uses PCIe2.0 agreement, and bus is backward compatible, and PCIe1.0 is assisted
View；
Usb interface controller and host interface use USB3.0 agreement, USB2.0 agreement that bus is backward compatible, and USB connects
Mouth controller adaptively uses the host of USB2.0 USB3.0 agreement to access.
Optionally, the equipment firmware procedure development process of above-mentioned programmed control method includes:
Firstly, being identified as host by instrument according to each class descriptor of the configuration equipment of format as defined in USBTMC agreement
USBTMC equipment；
Then, customized request specified in USBTMC agreement is added, reflects each generic attribute of equipment；Equipment end is collected simultaneously
Handle the customized request that host is sent, the Bulk information that parsing host is sent, further according to obtained actual information, equipment setting
Return information, to host response Bulk information；
After instrument powers on, whether firmware program reads back check the data stored in EEPROM first correct, then realizes
The initialization of PCIe interface controller, dma controller and usb interface controller, after parameter is completed in configuration, host side can be right
Instrument carries out program control operation.
Optionally, the equipment end driver execution process of above-mentioned programmed control method includes:
Instrument side realizes the initialization of PCIe interface first；
After initialization, the information of each interface is reported that, to instrument side, instrument side is received in the form of descriptor by equipment
Reading and writing data is carried out by the interface after to interface report.
Optionally, PCIe interface read-write is that layering is realized, instrument side application program is applied to interior by system service interface
Kernel normal form manager creates a data packet and passes to driver, driver passes through tune after manager carries out necessary inspection
The access to PCIe hardware is realized with hardware abstraction layer.
Optionally, after realizing USBTMC agreement, host side is directly soft using existing VISA instrument drivers and application
Part.
Optionally, after realizing USBTMC agreement, host side installs NI or Agilent IO tool.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
(1) existing method is only applicable to the instrument using ARM kernel hardware platform, is not suitable for using COMe hardware platform
Instrument.Present invention employs the PCIe bus interface of standard, and hardware circuit is independent, are all suitable for both hardware platforms.
(2) existing method uses the instrument of ARM kernel industrial personal computer module, electrical, the mechanical category that do not unify due to module
Property and software utility, the integrated USB of different CPU models also have any different from device controller performance, when existing hardware electricity
When road performance is unsatisfactory for the design requirement of new instrument, the upgrading of instrument hardware platform is not easy.The present invention uses COMe module design instrument
Device hardware platform, since COMe module has unified electrical, mechanical attributes, when module performance is unsatisfactory for instrumental function demand
It can upgrade at any time, and module choice is very big, save time of product development.
(3) instrument of ARM kernel industrial personal computer module is used, it is integrated also to have any different from device controller performance, drive journey
Sequence portability is not high.Interface controller of the present invention and the transmission of CPU module data use PCIe bus, and hardware circuit is relatively only
It is vertical, it is portable high from device controller firmware.
(4) the operating systems development of user procedural difficulties such as CPU and Linux based on ARM kernel are larger, software portability
Generally, it is not good enough to support the application program of Multi-core, is difficult to meet to certain performance applications.COMe mould of the invention
Block hardware performance is very strong, to the fine of Windows system support, is suitable for high performance application, and development of user program data is more,
The development time is saved, software portability is very good.
(5) the instrument program control technology for supporting USBTMC agreement at present is the slave device controller using USB2.0 agreement, number
It is slower according to transmission speed, be no longer satisfied the requirement of instrument mass data transmission of new generation.The present invention is assisted based on USB3.0
View realizes the instrument program control technology of USBTMC agreement, and backward compatible USB2.0, data transmission bauds can reach 5.0Gbps,
It may be implemented to need the complex instrument function of real-time data transmission, such as signal source random waveform that function occurs.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
Some embodiments of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can be with
It obtains other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is the functional block diagram for realizing the program-controlled scheme of USB interface instrument in the prior art；
Fig. 2 is the functional block diagram that the instrument stored program controlled of USBTMC agreement is supported the present invention is based on PCIe bus；
Fig. 3 is USBTMC protocol realization flow chart of the invention；
Fig. 4 is driver execution flow chart of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Present invention employs high performance 8051 single-chip microcontrollers, 2 transceiver of single channel PCIe Gen, USB3.0 Interface Controller
Device and high speed FIFO disclose a kind of instrument stored program controlled and method that USBTMC agreement is used based on COMe hardware platform.
Stored program controlled and method of the invention are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings of the specification.
The present invention is based on PCIe buses to support the instrument stored program controlled functional block diagram of USBTMC agreement as shown in Fig. 2, data
Transmission aspect uses Special Interface Chip, and advantage is that speed is fast, performance is high, with roomy.
PCIe interface controller is communicated with COMe module uses PCIe2.0 agreement, and bus is backward compatible, and PCIe1.0 is assisted
View, the COMe hardware platform suitable for various performances.
Usb interface controller and host interface use USB3.0 agreement, bus is backward compatible USB2.0 agreement, controller
It can adaptively be accessed using the host of USB2.0 USB3.0 agreement.
In order to meet the functional requirement of instrument real-time Transmission big data quantity, the present invention devises dedicated dma controller, can
PCIe bus bandwidth is made full use of, gross data bandwidth can achieve 5Gbps, meet wanting for instrument real-time Transmission mass data
It asks, is suitable for the sophisticated functions such as real-time spectrum analyzer or signal generator waveform modelling.Interface controller on instrument and
The various register parameters initialization of dma controller is completed by the firmware program in 8051 single-chip microcontrollers.
Based on above-mentioned stored program controlled, as shown in figure 3, the invention also discloses the equipment firmware procedure developments for supporting USBTMC agreement
Process:
In order to realize USBTMC agreement, present invention employs high performance 8051 single-chip microcontrollers, can flexible configuration as needed
Usb interface controller function, firmware program are versatile independently of operating system.USBTMC agreement is to be based on USB2.0 agreement,
But the characteristics of having its own, the equipment for supporting USBTMC agreement must have the endpoint there are three types of transport-type, they are control terminals
Point, batch signatures endpoint and batch input endpoint.
Firstly, being identified as host by instrument according to each class descriptor of the configuration equipment of format as defined in USBTMC agreement
USBTMC equipment.
Then, the customized request of more than ten types specified in USBTMC agreement is added, reflects each generic attribute of equipment；Equipment
The customized request of host transmission is collected and is handled at end, the Bulk information that parsing host is sent, further according to obtained actual information,
Return information is arranged in equipment, to host response Bulk information.
After instrument powers on, firmware program is whether read back check the data stored in EEPROM correct first, is then realized
The initialization of PCIe interface controller, dma controller and usb interface controller, after parameter is completed in configuration, host side can be right
Instrument carries out program control operation.
As shown in figure 4, equipment end driver execution process of the invention is as follows:
After realizing USBTMC agreement, existing VISA instrument drivers and application software is can be used directly in host side,
NI or Agilent IO tool can also be installed.
Instrument side realizes the initialization of PCIe interface first, and after initialization, equipment will be each in the form of descriptor
The information of interface reports that instrument side, instrument side can carry out reading and writing data by the interface after receiving interface report.
The PCIe interface read-write of the method for the present invention is that layering is realized, instrument side application program is acted on by system service interface
To kernel mode manager, after manager carries out necessary inspection, creates a data packet and pass to driver, driver is logical
It crosses and hardware abstraction layer is called to realize the access to PCIe hardware.Because what is connect with COMe module is that the PCIe of a standard is set
It is standby, so existing PCIe device driver can be used or only need a small amount of change, instrument application program is then developed, this
Sample highly shortened the development cycle, save human cost.
The invention proposes a kind of instrument stored program controlleds and side for supporting USBTMC agreement versatile based on PCIe bus
Method, hardware circuit and firmware program and CPU part are independent, using the PCIe bus of standard, that is, it is flat to be applicable to COMe hardware
Platform is equally applicable to ARM hardware platform, versatile；The characteristics of taking full advantage of special purpose interface controller and 8051 single-chip microcontroller,
The register of flexible configuration chip realizes USBTMC agreement, and data transfer bandwidth can reach 5Gbps, remote super existing implementation.
Hardware circuit part of the invention includes Special Interface Chip, for realizing the encoding and decoding to transmission data；DMA control
Device and high speed FIFO processed for realizing mass data real-time Transmission；High performance 8051 single-chip microcontroller and EEPROM are solid for developing
Part program；Firmware program is mainly used for realizing the initialization of hardware circuit, matches to the mode of interface controller and dma controller
It sets, each class descriptor of agreement is met USB from device controller configuration, realizes the support of USBTMC agreement.
The present invention is the instrument program control technology based on PCIe 2.0 and USB3.0 protocol realization USBTMC agreement, and downwards
Compatible USB2.0, data transfer bandwidth can reach 5.0Gbps, the complicated function that instrument needs real-time Transmission mass data may be implemented
Energy.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Within mind and principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of instrument stored program controlled for supporting USBTMC agreement based on PCIe bus characterized by comprising PCIe interface control
Device, usb interface controller, dma controller, high speed FIFO, single-chip microcontroller and EEPROM processed；Hardware circuit and firmware program respectively with
CPU part is independent, using the PCIe bus of standard, is not only suitable for COMe hardware platform, is also applied for ARM hardware platform；
Firmware program in the single-chip microcontroller for realizing hardware circuit initialization, to PCIe interface controller, USB interface control
The pattern configurations of device and dma controller processed meet USB each class descriptor of agreement from device controller configuration, realize
The support of USBTMC agreement；
PCIe interface controller is communicated with COMe module uses PCIe2.0 agreement, PCIe1.0 agreement that bus is backward compatible；
Usb interface controller and host interface use USB3.0 agreement, USB2.0 agreement that bus is backward compatible, USB interface control
Device processed adaptively uses the host of USB2.0 USB3.0 agreement to access；
PCIe interface read-write is that layering is realized, instrument side application program is applied to kernel mode management by system service interface
Device after manager is checked, creates a data packet and passes to driver, driver by call hardware abstraction layer come
Realize the access to PCIe hardware.
2. a kind of instrument programmed control method for supporting USBTMC agreement based on PCIe bus, which is characterized in that it is based on a stored program controlled,
The stored program controlled include: PCIe interface controller, usb interface controller, dma controller, high speed FIFO, single-chip microcontroller and
EEPROM；Hardware circuit and firmware program, using the PCIe bus of standard, are not only suitable for COMe respectively with CPU part independence
Hardware platform is also applied for ARM hardware platform；
Firmware program in the single-chip microcontroller for realizing hardware circuit initialization, to PCIe interface controller, USB interface control
The pattern configurations of device and dma controller processed meet USB each class descriptor of agreement from device controller configuration, realize
The support of USBTMC agreement；
PCIe interface controller is communicated with COMe module uses PCIe2.0 agreement, PCIe1.0 agreement that bus is backward compatible；
Usb interface controller and host interface use USB3.0 agreement, USB2.0 agreement that bus is backward compatible, USB interface control
Device processed adaptively uses the host of USB2.0 USB3.0 agreement to access；
PCIe interface read-write is that layering is realized, instrument side application program is applied to kernel mode management by system service interface
Device after manager is checked, creates a data packet and passes to driver, driver by call hardware abstraction layer come
Realize the access to PCIe hardware.
3. the instrument programmed control method of USBTMC agreement is supported based on PCIe bus as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that Gu
Part program development process includes:
Firstly, being identified as host by instrument according to each class descriptor of the configuration equipment of format as defined in USBTMC agreement
USBTMC equipment；
Then, customized request specified in USBTMC agreement is added, reflects each generic attribute of equipment；Equipment end is collected and is handled
The customized request that host is sent, the Bulk information that parsing host is sent, further according to obtained actual information, equipment setting is replied
Information, to host response Bulk information；
After instrument powers on, firmware program reads back check whether the data stored in EEPROM are correct, and then realization PCIe connects first
The initialization of mouthful controller, dma controller and usb interface controller, after parameter is completed in configuration, host side can to instrument into
Row program control operation.
4. the instrument programmed control method of USBTMC agreement is supported based on PCIe bus as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that set
Standby end driver executes process and includes:
Instrument side realizes the initialization of PCIe interface first；
After initialization, equipment is reported the information of each interface to instrument side in the form of descriptor, and instrument side, which receives, to be connect
Reading and writing data is carried out by the interface after mouth report.
5. the instrument programmed control method of USBTMC agreement is supported based on PCIe bus as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that real
After existing USBTMC agreement, host side directly uses existing VISA instrument drivers and application software.
6. the instrument programmed control method of USBTMC agreement is supported based on PCIe bus as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that real
After existing USBTMC agreement, host side installs M or Agilent IO tool.
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| CN108021525B (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2019-11-15 | 北京计算机技术及应用研究所 | A kind of redundancy exchange system based on the more primary interconnects of PCIE bus |
| CN107329863B (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2020-09-18 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十一研究所 | General hardware platform of measuring instrument based on COMe |
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