CN105242148A - Thermoelectric module characteristic testing device - Google Patents

Thermoelectric module characteristic testing device Download PDF

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CN105242148A
CN105242148A CN201510731043.1A CN201510731043A CN105242148A CN 105242148 A CN105242148 A CN 105242148A CN 201510731043 A CN201510731043 A CN 201510731043A CN 105242148 A CN105242148 A CN 105242148A
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water
temperature
constant temperature
heat exchanger
cooling
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苏楚奇
朱冬晨
郑思佳
邓亚东
唐新峰
翟鹏程
万秋实
雷星星
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Wuhan University of Technology WUT
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Wuhan University of Technology WUT
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种热电模块特性测试装置,其包括试验台架、热电模块、恒温热源、冷端换热器、电子负载、水箱、水泵、冷却装置、热端温度控制装置、冷端温度控制装置、数据采集器、电源,所述水箱的出水口与冷却装置的入水口相连,冷却装置的出水口与水泵的入水口相连,水泵的出水口与冷端换热器的入水口相连,冷端换热器的出水口与水箱的入水口相连,在恒温热源上设置有第一温度传感器,在冷端换热器上设置有第二温度传感器。本装置可通过调节热源温度、冷源冷却水流量和压紧装置压紧力测试不同热源温度、不同温差及不同压紧力下热电模块的电压、电流、电阻和功率参数,并通过数据采集装置对以上数据进行采集,测定分析热电模块的发电性能。

The invention discloses a thermoelectric module characteristic testing device, which includes a test bench, a thermoelectric module, a constant temperature heat source, a cold end heat exchanger, an electronic load, a water tank, a water pump, a cooling device, a hot end temperature control device, and a cold end temperature control device. device, data collector, power supply, the water outlet of the water tank is connected with the water inlet of the cooling device, the water outlet of the cooling device is connected with the water inlet of the water pump, the water outlet of the water pump is connected with the water inlet of the cold end heat exchanger, and the cooling The water outlet of the end heat exchanger is connected with the water inlet of the water tank, a first temperature sensor is arranged on the constant temperature heat source, and a second temperature sensor is arranged on the cold end heat exchanger. This device can test the voltage, current, resistance and power parameters of the thermoelectric module under different heat source temperatures, different temperature differences and different pressing forces by adjusting the heat source temperature, the cooling water flow of the cold source and the pressing force of the pressing device, and through the data acquisition device Collect the above data, measure and analyze the power generation performance of the thermoelectric module.

Description

一种热电模块特性测试装置A thermoelectric module characteristic testing device

技术领域 technical field

本发明涉及一种热电模块特性测试装置。 The invention relates to a thermoelectric module characteristic testing device.

背景技术 Background technique

热电模块发电的工作原理是通过在热电模块的上下表面建立温差使内部产生电动势从而产生电能。不同类型的热电模块发电转换性能和耐高温能力各不相同,且热电模块性能发电高效区的判断、发电性能与各环境因素的关系、发电性能随时间的变化等缺乏理论和实验依据。而现有的测试装置一般只能测试热电模块在冷却水箱内冷却水定流量条件下的电学输出特性,不能测试冷却水流量变化对热电模块电学输出特性的影响。且现有的测试装置一般不能对包括电压、电流、电阻、功率在内的热电模块电学输出特性进行自动测量并保存。 The working principle of thermoelectric module power generation is to create an electromotive force inside the thermoelectric module by establishing a temperature difference between the upper and lower surfaces of the thermoelectric module to generate electricity. Different types of thermoelectric modules have different power generation conversion performance and high temperature resistance, and there is a lack of theoretical and experimental basis for the judgment of the high-efficiency power generation area of thermoelectric module performance, the relationship between power generation performance and various environmental factors, and the change of power generation performance over time. However, the existing test devices generally can only test the electrical output characteristics of the thermoelectric module under the condition of constant flow of cooling water in the cooling water tank, and cannot test the influence of the change of cooling water flow rate on the electrical output characteristics of the thermoelectric module. Moreover, the existing testing devices generally cannot automatically measure and save the electrical output characteristics of the thermoelectric module including voltage, current, resistance and power.

发明内容 Contents of the invention

本发明所要解决的技术问题在于针对上述现有技术存在的不足提供一种热电模块特性测试装置,该装置能实现调节热电装置中冷热端温度、冷端换热器中冷却水流量等不同影响因素的能力,并能对试验结果进行自动采集。 The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a thermoelectric module characteristic testing device for the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art. factors, and can automatically collect test results.

本发明所采用的技术方案为:一种热电模块特性测试装置,其包括试验台架,在试验台架上设置有热电模块,所述热电模块的热端与恒温热源相连,冷端与冷端换热器相连,所述热电模块与电子负载相连构成回路,其特征在于,在试验台架上还设置有水箱、水泵、冷却装置、用于控制恒温热源温度的热端温度控制装置、用于控制冷端换热器温度的冷端温度控制装置、数据采集器、电源,所述水箱的出水口与冷却装置的入水口相连,冷却装置的出水口与水泵的入水口相连,水泵的出水口与冷端换热器的入水口相连,冷端换热器的出水口与水箱的入水口相连,在恒温热源上设置有第一温度传感器,第一温度传感器分别与热端温度控制装置和数据采集模块相连;在冷端换热器上设置有第二温度传感器,第二温度传感器分别与冷端温度控制装置和数据采集模块相连。 The technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a thermoelectric module characteristic testing device, which includes a test bench, a thermoelectric module is arranged on the test bench, the hot end of the thermoelectric module is connected to a constant temperature heat source, and the cold end is connected to a cold end. The heat exchanger is connected, and the thermoelectric module is connected with the electronic load to form a circuit. It is characterized in that a water tank, a water pump, a cooling device, and a hot end temperature control device for controlling the temperature of the constant temperature heat source are also provided on the test bench. A cold-end temperature control device, a data collector, and a power supply for controlling the temperature of the cold-end heat exchanger, the water outlet of the water tank is connected with the water inlet of the cooling device, the water outlet of the cooling device is connected with the water inlet of the water pump, and the water outlet of the water pump It is connected to the water inlet of the cold end heat exchanger, and the water outlet of the cold end heat exchanger is connected to the water inlet of the water tank. A first temperature sensor is installed on the constant temperature heat source. The acquisition module is connected; a second temperature sensor is arranged on the cold end heat exchanger, and the second temperature sensor is respectively connected with the cold end temperature control device and the data acquisition module.

按上述技术方案,所述冷却装置为风冷散热器,所述散热器的入水口与水箱的出水口相连,出水口与水泵相连,在水箱旁还配置有冷水机,所述冷水机与水箱上另外开设的冷水机水路相连。 According to the above technical solution, the cooling device is an air-cooled radiator, the water inlet of the radiator is connected to the water outlet of the water tank, the water outlet is connected to the water pump, and a chiller is also arranged beside the water tank, and the water chiller is connected to the water tank It is connected to the chiller set up separately on the waterway.

按上述技术方案,在试验台架上还设置有夹紧机构,所述夹紧机构用于将热电模块的两端分别与恒温热源、冷端换热器夹紧。 According to the above technical solution, a clamping mechanism is also provided on the test bench, and the clamping mechanism is used to clamp the two ends of the thermoelectric module with the constant temperature heat source and the cold end heat exchanger respectively.

按上述技术方案,热端温度控制装置包括恒温数显热源控制器和第一继电器,恒温热源的温度由恒温数显热源控制器调节,恒温数显热源控制器对第一温度传感器输入的信号进行分析处理并输出开关量,开关量控制恒温热源电路中的第一继电器,从而实现对恒温热源温度的调节;冷端温度控制装置包括冷端温度控制器和第二继电器,冷端温度控制器对第二温度传感器输入的信号进行分析处理并输出开关量,开关量控制冷却装置中的第二继电器,从而实现对冷端换热器温度的调节。 According to the above technical solution, the hot end temperature control device includes a constant temperature digital display heat source controller and a first relay, the temperature of the constant temperature heat source is regulated by the constant temperature digital display heat source controller, and the constant temperature digital display heat source controller controls the signal input by the first temperature sensor Analyze and process and output the switching value, the switching value controls the first relay in the constant temperature heat source circuit, so as to realize the adjustment of the temperature of the constant temperature heat source; the cold end temperature control device includes a cold end temperature controller and a second relay, and the cold end temperature controller The signal input by the second temperature sensor is analyzed and processed to output a switching value, and the switching value controls the second relay in the cooling device, thereby realizing the adjustment of the temperature of the cold end heat exchanger.

按上述技术方案,冷端换热器和恒温热源分别设置在热电模块的上、下端,所述恒温热源设置在恒温热源固定座上,在恒温热源与恒温热源固定座之间设置有隔热材料。 According to the above technical scheme, the cold end heat exchanger and the constant temperature heat source are respectively arranged on the upper and lower ends of the thermoelectric module, the constant temperature heat source is arranged on the constant temperature heat source fixing seat, and a heat insulating material is arranged between the constant temperature heat source and the constant temperature heat source fixing seat .

按上述技术方案,所述隔热材料分为上下两层,与恒温热源直接接触的上层隔热材料为有机硅树脂,与恒温热源固定座直接接触的下层隔热材料为硅酸铝陶瓷。 According to the above technical solution, the heat insulation material is divided into upper and lower layers, the upper heat insulation material directly in contact with the constant temperature heat source is silicone resin, and the lower heat insulation material in direct contact with the constant temperature heat source fixing seat is aluminum silicate ceramics.

按上述技术方案,所述水泵为变频水泵。 According to the above technical solution, the water pump is a frequency conversion water pump.

按上述技术方案,在水泵的出水口处设置有流量计,在流量计出口处安装控制球阀,用于控制经过冷端换热器的冷却水流量。 According to the above technical solution, a flow meter is arranged at the water outlet of the water pump, and a control ball valve is installed at the outlet of the flow meter to control the flow of cooling water passing through the cold end heat exchanger.

本发明所取得的有益效果为:本装置可通过调节热源温度、冷源冷却水流量和压紧装置压紧力测试不同热源温度、不同温差及不同压紧力下热电模块的电压、电流、电阻和功率参数,并通过数据采集装置对以上数据进行采集,测定分析热电模块的发电性能,克服了传统装置需要人工进行数据记录、分析的缺点;恒温热源通过两层隔热材料隔开,有利于维持热端温度从而在热电模块上下表面建立足够的温差,保证实验的准确性;可通过扭力扳手精确、均匀调节热电模块冷热两端夹紧力,使热电模块冷热两端保持良好接触,提高热电模块的转化效率;通过调节变频水泵工作频率,控制水阀开度,观察电磁流量计表头示数,从而精确控制冷却水流量大小。 The beneficial effects obtained by the present invention are: the device can test the voltage, current and resistance of the thermoelectric module under different heat source temperatures, different temperature differences and different pressing forces by adjusting the temperature of the heat source, the flow rate of the cooling water of the cold source and the pressing force of the pressing device and power parameters, and collect the above data through the data acquisition device to measure and analyze the power generation performance of the thermoelectric module, which overcomes the shortcomings of traditional devices that require manual data recording and analysis; the constant temperature heat source is separated by two layers of heat insulation material, which is beneficial Maintain the temperature of the hot end to establish a sufficient temperature difference between the upper and lower surfaces of the thermoelectric module to ensure the accuracy of the experiment; the clamping force at the cold and hot ends of the thermoelectric module can be adjusted accurately and evenly through a torque wrench to keep the hot and cold ends of the thermoelectric module in good contact. Improve the conversion efficiency of the thermoelectric module; by adjusting the working frequency of the frequency conversion water pump, controlling the opening of the water valve, and observing the indication of the electromagnetic flowmeter, the flow of cooling water can be precisely controlled.

附图说明 Description of drawings

图1是本发明的主视图。 Fig. 1 is a front view of the present invention.

图2是本发明的模块发电部分局部放大示意图。 Fig. 2 is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the power generation part of the module of the present invention.

图3是本发明的夹紧机构、热电模块发电部分以及隔热布置示意图。 Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the clamping mechanism, the power generation part of the thermoelectric module and the heat insulation of the present invention.

图4是本发明的俯视图。 Figure 4 is a top view of the present invention.

图5是本发明的试验台架示意图。 Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the test bench of the present invention.

具体实施方式 detailed description

下面结合附图对本发明作进一步说明。 The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

如图1-5所示,本实施例提供了一种热电模块特性测试装置,其包括试验台架1,在试验台架1设置有热电模块15、恒温热源17、冷端换热器14、夹紧机构7、水箱、变频水泵29、冷却装置、用于控制恒温热源17温度的热端温度控制装置和用于控制冷端换热器14温度的冷端温度控制装置、数据采集器5、电源,其中,冷端换热器14的主要材料为铝合金,内部加工有翅片,恒温热源17的主要材质为铸铜,冷端换热器14和恒温热源17分别设置在热电模块15的上、下端,夹紧机构7通过压紧垫片12将恒温热源17、热电模块15、冷端换热器14夹紧;热电模块15的正负极引脚分别通过导线与电子负载6的正负极相连。在水箱上设置有水箱注水口22、第一冷却水路,第一冷却水路包括水箱入水口23、水箱出水口25,水箱的出水口25与冷却装置入水口相连,变频水泵29的入水口与冷却装置出水口相连,出水口与冷端换热器14的入水口相连,冷端换热器的出水口与水箱的入水口23相连,在恒温热源17上设置有第一温度传感器,第一温度传感器分别与热端温度控制装置和数据采集模块相连;在冷端换热器14上设置有第二温度传感器,第二温度传感器分别与冷端温度控制装置和数据采集模块相连,其中,所述数据采集装置包括数据采集器5和计算机。 As shown in Figures 1-5, this embodiment provides a thermoelectric module characteristic testing device, which includes a test bench 1, on which a thermoelectric module 15, a constant temperature heat source 17, a cold end heat exchanger 14, Clamping mechanism 7, water tank, frequency conversion water pump 29, cooling device, hot end temperature control device for controlling the temperature of constant temperature heat source 17 and cold end temperature control device for controlling the temperature of cold end heat exchanger 14, data collector 5, The power supply, wherein the main material of the cold end heat exchanger 14 is aluminum alloy, with fins processed inside, the main material of the constant temperature heat source 17 is cast copper, and the cold end heat exchanger 14 and the constant temperature heat source 17 are respectively arranged on the thermoelectric module 15 At the upper and lower ends, the clamping mechanism 7 clamps the constant temperature heat source 17, the thermoelectric module 15, and the cold end heat exchanger 14 through the compression gasket 12; Negative connection. The water tank is provided with a water tank water inlet 22 and a first cooling waterway. The first cooling waterway includes a water tank water inlet 23 and a water tank water outlet 25. The water outlet 25 of the water tank is connected with the water inlet of the cooling device. The water outlet of the device is connected, the water outlet is connected with the water inlet of the cold end heat exchanger 14, the water outlet of the cold end heat exchanger is connected with the water inlet 23 of the water tank, and the first temperature sensor is arranged on the constant temperature heat source 17, the first temperature The sensors are respectively connected to the hot end temperature control device and the data acquisition module; the cold end heat exchanger 14 is provided with a second temperature sensor, and the second temperature sensor is respectively connected to the cold end temperature control device and the data acquisition module, wherein the The data collection device includes a data collector 5 and a computer.

本实施例中,热端温度控制装置包括恒温数显热源控制器4和第一继电器9,恒温热源17的温度由恒温数显热源控制器5调节,恒温数显热源控制器5对第一温度传感器输入的信号进行分析处理并输出开关量,开关量控制恒温热源17电路中的第一继电器9,从而实现对恒温热源温度的调节。 In this embodiment, the hot end temperature control device includes a constant temperature digital display heat source controller 4 and a first relay 9, the temperature of the constant temperature heat source 17 is regulated by the constant temperature digital display heat source controller 5, and the constant temperature digital display heat source controller 5 controls the first temperature The signal input by the sensor is analyzed and processed to output a switching value, and the switching value controls the first relay 9 in the circuit of the constant temperature heat source 17, thereby realizing the adjustment of the temperature of the constant temperature heat source.

本实施例中,所述冷却装置为风冷散热器2,但其只有当所需冷端换热器温度高于室温时才能起到冷却作用,为此,在本发明的水箱内部并联有第二冷却水路,该冷却水路的进出水口为图中的水箱进水口21和水箱出水口22,该冷却水路与冷水机相连,当所需冷端换热器温度低于室温时,使用冷水机使水温低于室温,从而增加冷却速度。 In the present embodiment, the cooling device is an air-cooled radiator 2, but it can only play a cooling role when the temperature of the required cold end heat exchanger is higher than room temperature. Two cooling waterways, the water inlet and outlet of the cooling waterway are the water tank water inlet 21 and the water tank water outlet 22 in the figure, and the cooling waterway is connected with the water chiller. The water temperature is lower than room temperature, thereby increasing the cooling rate.

冷端温度控制装置包括冷端温度控制器和第二继电器10,冷却换热器的温度调节有两种方式:当所需冷端换热器温度高于室温时,冷端换热器温度由冷端温度控制装置调节,冷端温度控制器对第二温度传感器输入的信号进行分析处理并输出开关量,开关量控制冷却风扇电路中的第二继电器10,从而实现对冷端换热器温度的调节;当所需冷端换热器温度低于室温时,冷端温度控制器控制冷水机打开,使冷端换热器温度由冷水机调节。 The cold-end temperature control device includes a cold-end temperature controller and a second relay 10. There are two ways to adjust the temperature of the cooling heat exchanger: when the required temperature of the cold-end heat exchanger is higher than room temperature, the temperature of the cold-end heat exchanger is determined by The cold end temperature control device is adjusted. The cold end temperature controller analyzes and processes the signal input by the second temperature sensor and outputs a switch value. The switch value controls the second relay 10 in the cooling fan circuit, thereby realizing the temperature adjustment of the cold end heat exchanger. Adjustment; when the required temperature of the cold end heat exchanger is lower than room temperature, the cold end temperature controller controls the chiller to open, so that the temperature of the cold end heat exchanger is regulated by the chiller.

本实施例中,所述恒温热源17设置在恒温热源17固定座上,恒温热源固定座20与恒温热源17之间由上隔热层16和下隔热层19隔开。其中上隔热层16材料为有机硅树脂,下隔热层19材料为硅酸铝陶瓷。 In this embodiment, the constant temperature heat source 17 is arranged on the fixed seat of the constant temperature heat source 17 , and the constant temperature heat source fixed seat 20 and the constant temperature heat source 17 are separated by an upper heat insulation layer 16 and a lower heat insulation layer 19 . The material of the upper insulation layer 16 is silicone resin, and the material of the lower insulation layer 19 is aluminum silicate ceramics.

本实施例中,流量计28配置有流量计显示面板3,在流量计28出口处安装控制球阀27,用于控制经过冷端换热器的冷却水流量,变频水泵29配置有变频水泵显示控制面板30,冷端换热器内冷却液流量可通过变频水泵显示控制面板调节水路压力,并可通过流量计球阀手柄辅助调节。 In this embodiment, the flowmeter 28 is equipped with a flowmeter display panel 3, and a control ball valve 27 is installed at the outlet of the flowmeter 28 to control the flow of cooling water passing through the cold end heat exchanger. The frequency conversion water pump 29 is equipped with a frequency conversion water pump display control On the panel 30, the coolant flow rate in the cold end heat exchanger can be adjusted through the frequency conversion water pump display control panel, and can be assisted by the ball valve handle of the flow meter to adjust.

本实施例中,电源包括220V交流电源24和12V直流电源11,数据采集器、恒温热源17、变频水泵、流量计、恒温数显热源控制器与220V电源相连,散热器2和继电器与12V电源相连。 In this embodiment, the power supply includes a 220V AC power supply 24 and a 12V DC power supply 11, a data collector, a constant temperature heat source 17, a frequency conversion water pump, a flow meter, and a constant temperature digital display heat source controller are connected to the 220V power supply, and the radiator 2 and the relay are connected to the 12V power supply. connected.

本实施例中,热电模块所受压紧力可通过夹紧机构的压紧横梁扭力扳手扭紧压紧横梁的螺栓较精确控制,热电模块15的正负极引脚分别通过导线与电子负载6的正负极相连,用于测量热电模块15的各项参数,包括热电模块输出的热电模块的电压、电流、电阻和功率参数,电子负载测量的各项参数、第一温度传感器输出信号(电压信号)、第二温度传感器输出信号(电压信号)和流量计显示面板的输出信号(4-20mA电流信号)传输到数据采集器5,数据采集器5对输入的信号进行存储和分析。 In this embodiment, the compression force of the thermoelectric module can be controlled more precisely by tightening the bolts of the compression beam with a torque wrench of the clamping mechanism, and the positive and negative pins of the thermoelectric module 15 are respectively connected to the electronic load 6 connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the thermoelectric module 15, including the voltage, current, resistance and power parameters of the thermoelectric module output by the thermoelectric module, the parameters measured by the electronic load, the output signal of the first temperature sensor (voltage signal), the output signal of the second temperature sensor (voltage signal) and the output signal of the flowmeter display panel (4-20mA current signal) are transmitted to the data collector 5, and the data collector 5 stores and analyzes the input signals.

Claims (8)

1. an electrothermal module characteristic test device, it comprises test-bed, test-bed is provided with electrothermal module, the hot junction of described electrothermal module is connected with constant temperature thermal source, cold junction is connected with cool end heat exchanger, described electrothermal module is connected with electronic load and forms loop, it is characterized in that, test-bed is also provided with water tank, water pump, cooling device, for controlling the hot-side temperature control device of constant temp. heating source temperature, for controlling the cold junction temperature control device of cool end heat exchanger temperature, data acquisition unit, power supply, the water delivering orifice of described water tank is connected with the water inlet of cooling device, the water delivering orifice of cooling device is connected with the water inlet of water pump, the water delivering orifice of water pump is connected with the water inlet of cool end heat exchanger, the water delivering orifice of cool end heat exchanger is connected with the water inlet of water tank, constant temperature thermal source is provided with the first temperature sensor, first temperature sensor is connected with data acquisition module with hot-side temperature control device respectively, cool end heat exchanger is provided with the second temperature sensor, and the second temperature sensor is connected with data acquisition module with cold junction temperature control device respectively.
2. a kind of electrothermal module characteristic test device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described cooling device is air-cooled radiator, the water inlet of described heating radiator is connected with the water delivering orifice of water tank, water delivering orifice is connected with water pump, also be configured with cooling-water machine on water tank side, described cooling-water machine is connected with the cooling-water machine water route that water tank is offered in addition.
3. a kind of electrothermal module characteristic test device according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, test-bed is also provided with clamp system, and described clamp system is used for the two ends of electrothermal module to clamp with constant temperature thermal source, cool end heat exchanger respectively.
4. a kind of electrothermal module characteristic test device according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, hot-side temperature control device comprises constant temperature digital display heat source controller and the first relay, the temperature of constant temperature thermal source is regulated by constant temperature digital display heat source controller, constant temperature digital display heat source controller carries out analyzing and processing and output switch amount to the signal that the first temperature sensor inputs, the first relay in digital output modul constant temp. heating source circuit, thus realize the adjustment to constant temp. heating source temperature; Cold junction temperature control device comprises cold junction temperature controller and the second relay, cold junction temperature controller carries out analyzing and processing and output switch amount to the signal that the second temperature sensor inputs, the second relay in digital output modul cooling device, thus realize the adjustment to cool end heat exchanger temperature.
5. a kind of electrothermal module characteristic test device according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, cool end heat exchanger and constant temperature thermal source are separately positioned on the upper and lower end of electrothermal module, described constant temperature thermal source is arranged on constant temperature thermal source holder, between constant temperature thermal source and constant temperature thermal source holder, be provided with heat-barrier material.
6. a kind of electrothermal module characteristic test device according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, described heat-barrier material is divided into two-layer up and down, and the upper strata heat-barrier material directly contacted with constant temperature thermal source is organic siliconresin, and the lower floor's heat-barrier material directly contacted with constant temperature thermal source holder is aluminum silicate ceramic.
7. a kind of electrothermal module characteristic test device according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described water pump is variable frequency pump.
8. a kind of electrothermal module characteristic test device according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, the water outlet of water pump is provided with flowmeter, installs control ball valve, for controlling the cooling water flow through cool end heat exchanger at flowmeter outlet place.
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Application publication date: 20160113