A kind of three-dimensional orthogonal giantreed composite panel and forming method thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to manufacture technology of composite material field, be specifically related to a kind of three-dimensional orthogonal giantreed composite panel and forming method thereof.
Background technology
Giantreed (nalgrass) is a kind of perennial tall and big tussock plant, and stem is uprightly tall and straight, up to 2-6 rice, the thick 2-3cm of stem, within 1 year, reach the maturity period to a year and a half, output higher than perennial bamboo and timber, also higher than straw, wheat straw and reed.The profile of giantreed is similar to reed, but intensity and hardness are significantly higher than giantreed, and the outer wall tissues of its stem contains the cell of many high silication, stone, has good mechanical property.Meanwhile, the fiber content of giantreed is very high, and fiber is longer, usually used as desirable paper making raw material.Having a very wide distribution in China, North gets Liaoning, reaches Guangxi in the south, and what output was maximum is Jiangsu, Zhejiang one band.Giantreed has good adaptive faculty, is easy to growth and procreation.
There are several well known use fibrous material and fabric to produce composite panel and to use wood chip, bamboo clappers and other wood-curing wastes to produce the method for particieboard.Particularly wooden base composite plate and bamboo base material flitch are widely used in building structure and Furniture manufacture aspect.These all belong to " composite " category, is and is embedded in adhesive base-material by filler (wood, bamboo fibre).But these wood shavings composite panels have the poor shortcoming of mechanical property.And the binding agent of the employing between layers bonding of normal stack bamboo-wood plyboard, when bending, very easily produce layering and break ring, and water resistance and poor corrosion resistance.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: be solve problems of the prior art, the invention provides and a kind of there is excellent stretch-proof, anti-bending strength, and water resistance, resist chemical, delamination resistance can high three-dimensional orthogonal giantreed composite panel and forming methods thereof.
Technical scheme: for realizing above-mentioned technical purpose, three-dimensional orthogonal giantreed composite panel of the present invention is prepared from by giantreed, the orthogonal precast body of multi-layer three-dimension and thermosetting resin, the orthogonal precast body of described multi-layer three-dimension adopts three-dimensional orthogonal woven technique to weave by giantreed thin bamboo strip and high performance yarns and forms, thin bamboo strip bundle consolidation at thickness direction by high-performance fiber between layers.
Particularly, warp-wise giantreed thin bamboo strip and the broadwise giantreed thin bamboo strip of the orthogonal precast body of described multi-layer three-dimension are 90 degree of laminations, thickness direction adopt high-performance fiber yarn carry out running through binding, shape all-in-one-piece multi-layer three-dimension orthohormbic structure precast body.
Preferably, any one or a few the mixture in the aramid fiber of described high-performance fiber yarn to be diameter be 500-1000D, superhigh molecular weight polyethylene fibers and pbo fiber yarn.
Preferably, described giantreed thin bamboo strip is prepared by the following method: fresh 1.5 years ripe giantreeds of felling, removes the foreign material that giantreed does, and is cut into the giantreed section of 0.6 ~ 0.8 meter, slights, flatten broken for giantreed section and be processed into giantreed thin bamboo strip; Then the giantreed thin bamboo strip obtained is carried out drying, make its moisture content be 8 ~ 10%; Finally dried giantreed thin bamboo strip plane is processed into the giantreed thin bamboo strip of specification.
Preferably, described thermosetting resin is any one in epoxy resin unsaturated polyester resin, phenolic resins.More preferably, the example of described epoxy resin is any one in bisphenol A type epoxy resin or cycloaliphatic epoxy resin, the example of described unsaturated polyester resin is any one in 191# unsaturated polyester resins for general purpose, 198# heat resistant type unsaturated polyester resin and the corrosion-resistant unsaturated polyester resin of 3200#, and the example of described phenolic resins is flame retardant type NR9400.
The invention allows for the forming method of above-mentioned three-dimensional orthogonal giantreed composite panel, comprise the steps: that first orthogonal for multi-layer three-dimension precast body being put into normal temperature plasma processor carries out composite material interface process, then VARTM technique is adopted, adopt vacuum bag that the precast body handled well is carried out sealed envelope, vacuumize, vacuum is 30 ~ 100Pa, by thermosetting resin thorough impregnation precast body under suction function, the compound that is heating and curing at 80 ~ 140 DEG C makes the composite panel of three-dimensional orthogonal.
Preferably, described thermosetting resin, before use according to processing compound and curing agent mixed preparing, after carrying out stirring fully mixing, through vacuumizing removal bubble, uses after leaving standstill.
Beneficial effect: compared with prior art, giantreed composite panel plate of the present invention is overall structure, high-performance fiber yarn is adopted to bundle in a thickness direction, good integrity, the shortcoming of layering is easy to when compensate for simple employing adhesive bonding, add inter-layer bonding force, the delamination resistance of composite panel can be high.After Surface Treatment with Plasma, add active group quantity and the surface roughness on precast body surface, improve the interface bond strength of precast body and resin, not easily unsticking, the overall mechanical property of composite plate is high.After adopting thermosetting resin compound coating, utilize the waterproof of thermosetting resin, corrosion-resistant and wear-resisting characteristic, giantreed/fibre reinforcement is served and well protects left and right.Compare with laminated plate with traditional wood planing card, good integrity, cost is low, has excellent tension, bending strength, waterproof, wear-resisting, corrosion-resistant.Can as the substitute of wooden bamboo scutum, for wood-based plate, wall decorative material, furniture and building board etc.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention, and wherein, 1 is the orthogonal precast body of multi-layer three-dimension, and 2 is thermosetting resin;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the orthogonal precast body of multi-layer three-dimension of the present invention, and wherein, 101 is warp-wise (X-direction) giantreed thin bamboo strip; 102 is broadwise (Y-direction) giantreed thin bamboo strip, and 103 is high-performance fiber yarn.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of 3 D stereo giantreed composite panel and forming method thereof, the technical scheme of employing is as follows:
After fresh mature giantreed gathers, remove the foreign material that giantreed does, and be cut into the bamboo section of 0.6 ~ 0.8 meter, slight broken for giantreed section, flatten and be processed into giantreed thin bamboo strip; Giantreed thin bamboo strip is carried out drying, and moisture content is 8 ~ 10%; Dried giantreed thin bamboo strip plane is processed into the giantreed thin bamboo strip of specification, for subsequent use.
On three-dimensional orthogonal loom, warp-wise and broadwise arrange giantreed thin bamboo strip, be N layer according to designing requirement warp-wise, broadwise is N+1 layer, Z-direction (thickness direction) is upper adopts high-intensity fiber yarn 103, and by shedding motion, Z-direction high-intensity fiber yarn 103 is run through fabric levels, to arrange through broadwise giantreed thin bamboo strip carry out binding fix, shape all-in-one-piece three-dimensional orthogonal woven precast body.
The 3 D stereo precast body woven is put into normal-temperature plasma processor and carries out surface treatment, after plasma treatment, the prefabricated component handled well is put into vacuum bag seal, adopt VARTM technique, thermosetting resin is complete wetting precast body under suction function, after being heating and curing, form composite.
The present invention is described in detail below by specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1: make four layers of epoxy giantreed composite laminated plate.
This case step is as follows:
(1) the fresh mature giantreed gathering life in 1 year is felled, and removes the foreign material that giantreed does, and is cut into the giantreed section of 0.6 meter, slights, flatten broken for giantreed section and be processed into giantreed thin bamboo strip; Then the giantreed thin bamboo strip obtained is carried out drying, make its moisture content be 8 ~ 10%; Finally dried giantreed thin bamboo strip plane is processed into the giantreed thin bamboo strip of specification, thickness is 2mm.
(2) the giantreed plate of flattening is being laid three layers through upwards level, broadwise is laying four layers, adopting 1000D's
aramid filament yarn is as Z-direction yarn, and density is 1.45g/cm
3, stretch modulus is 116GPa, and hot strength is 200cN/tex.Through shedding motion opening, the giantreed thin bamboo strip of orthogonal arrangement is bundled in a thickness direction, form the orthogonal precast body of 3 D stereo.
(3) precast body weaved above is put into Low Temperature Plasma Treating machine, under the technique of 100W, 25Pa, process 2 minutes, take out stand-by.
(4) epoxy resin model is adopted to be JC-02A, (Changshu Jia Fa Co., Ltd) mixes according to weight ratio 100: 85: 3 with promoter modified anhydride and curing agent serotonin, after agitator stirs, put into vacuum drying chamber and vacuumize 20 minutes, stand-by after removing bubble.
(5) material after above plasma treatment is adopted after vacuum bag seals, vacuumize, then suck the epoxy resin prepared, complete wetting carries out to precast body coated.After complete wetting, put into baking oven, under 90 DEG C of degree 2 hours, then at 110 DEG C, finally at 130 DEG C 4 hours, after solidification terminates, remove vacuum bag, carry out cutting.
Embodiment 2: make six layers of unsaturated polyester resin giantreed composite laminated plate.
This case step is as follows:
(1) the fresh mature giantreed gathering life in 1 year is felled, and removes the foreign material that giantreed does, and is cut into the giantreed section of 0.8 meter, slights, flatten broken for giantreed section and be processed into giantreed thin bamboo strip; Then the giantreed thin bamboo strip obtained is carried out drying, make its moisture content be 8 ~ 10%; Finally dried giantreed thin bamboo strip plane is processed into the giantreed thin bamboo strip of specification, thickness is 2mm.
(2) the giantreed plate of flattening is being laid 5 layers through upwards level, broadwise lays 6 layers, thickness direction yarn adopts the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene long filament of 800D, and density is 0.97g/cm
3, be only 1/8 of iron and steel, stretch modulus is 150GPa, and hot strength is 350cN/tex, by yarn through shedding motion, through opening, bundlees in a thickness direction the giantreed thin bamboo strip of orthogonal arrangement, forms the orthogonal precast body of 3 D stereo.
(3) precast body weaved above is put into Low Temperature Plasma Treating machine, under the technique of 150W, 15Pa, process 1 minute, take out stand-by.
(4) by unsaturated polyester resin, model is 3200#, Xinhua Resin Factory, Shanghai, has excellent chemical resistance (acid, alkali, salting liquid) and higher mechanical strength; Initator is methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, and promoter is cobalt octoate, is after 100: 4: 2 configurations by weight proportion, after agitator stirs, puts into vacuum drying chamber and vacuumize 20 minutes, stand-by after removing bubble.
(5) material after above plasma treatment is adopted after vacuum bag seals, vacuumize, then suck the unsaturated polyester resin resin prepared, complete wetting carries out to precast body coated.At 60 DEG C, 2 hours are cured after complete wetting.After solidification terminates, remove vacuum bag, carry out cutting.
Embodiment 3: make seven layers of phenolic resins giantreed composite laminated plate.
This case step is as follows:
(1) the fresh mature giantreed gathering life in 1 year is felled, and removes the foreign material that giantreed does, and is cut into the giantreed section of 0.6 meter, slights, flatten broken for giantreed section and be processed into giantreed thin bamboo strip; Then the giantreed thin bamboo strip obtained is carried out drying, make its moisture content be 8 ~ 10%; Finally dried giantreed thin bamboo strip plane is processed into the giantreed thin bamboo strip of specification, thickness is 2mm.
(2) the giantreed plate of flattening is being laid 5 layers through upwards level, broadwise lays 6 layers, thickness direction yarn adopts the pbo fiber long filament of 500D, and density is 1.54g/cm
3, stretch modulus is 180GPa, and hot strength is 370cN/tex, by yarn through shedding motion, through opening, bundlees in a thickness direction the giantreed thin bamboo strip of orthogonal arrangement, forms the orthogonal precast body of 3 D stereo.
(3) precast body weaved above is put into Low Temperature Plasma Treating machine, under the technique of 200W, 25Pa, process 1 minute, take out stand-by.
(4) by phenolic resins, model is flame retardant type NR9400, Xinhua Resin Factory, Shanghai, and heat resistance, flame resistance, resistance to water and insulating properties are excellent, and acid resistance is better, machinery and electric property good; Curing agent is c-100, is the mixed liquor of phosphoric acid and ethylene glycol, and part by weight is after 100: 8 configurations, after agitator stirs, puts into vacuum drying chamber and vacuumizes 20 minutes, stand-by after removing bubble.
(5) material after above plasma treatment is adopted after vacuum bag seals, vacuumize, then suck the unsaturated polyester resin resin prepared, complete wetting carries out to precast body coated.24 hours are at room temperature cured after complete wetting.After solidification terminates, remove vacuum bag, carry out cutting.
To composite panel prepared by above-mentioned three embodiments, and the plate of normal stack carries out performance test.Performance test, according to GBT11718-2009 technical specification and requirement, carries out the performance indications such as experiment test MOR, elastic modelling quantity, internal bond strength and humidity resistance.
Experimental result is as shown in table 1.
Project |
Normal stack plate |
Embodiment 1 |
Embodiment 2 |
Embodiment 3 |
MOR (MPa) |
25 |
30 |
35 |
38 |
Elastic modelling quantity (MPa) |
2500 |
2700 |
2800 |
2900 |
Internal bond strength (MPa) |
0.4 |
0.5 |
0.5 |
0.5 |
Thickness swelling rate (%) |
20 |
7 |
7 |
7 |
After tested, the composite panel prepared of above-described embodiment after tested after, its MOR, elastic modelling quantity and internal bond strength are significantly improved, and this is due to the result adding high-performance fiber yarn and have employed plasma treatment.Meanwhile, thickness swelling rate obviously reduces, this is because thermosetting resin has good water resistance, carries out good coated, decrease water imbibition to giantreed.As can be seen from above, the three-dimension integrally giantreed composite panel adopting this technique to prepare has excellent performance.