CN102152525B - Method for preparing three-dimensional orthogonal woven foam sandwich composite material - Google Patents
Method for preparing three-dimensional orthogonal woven foam sandwich composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN102152525B CN102152525B CN2010105977170A CN201010597717A CN102152525B CN 102152525 B CN102152525 B CN 102152525B CN 2010105977170 A CN2010105977170 A CN 2010105977170A CN 201010597717 A CN201010597717 A CN 201010597717A CN 102152525 B CN102152525 B CN 102152525B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for preparing a three-dimensional orthogonal woven foam sandwich composite material, and is characterized by comprising the following concrete steps: (1) weaving a three-dimensional orthogonal fabric into an upper panel and a lower panel, ranking at least two foam blocks between the upper panel and the lower panel, binding and fixing each foam block between the upper panel and the lower panel through binding yarn to obtain a soft three-dimensional orthogonal woven foam sandwich fabric; and (2) soaking the soft three-dimensional orthogonal woven foam sandwich fabric obtained in the step (1) in resins by adopting a vacuum auxiliary resin transfer molding method, heating to solidify the resins and cutting off burrs to obtain a soft three-dimensional orthogonal woven foam sandwich composite material. The product prepared by the method provided by the invention has good integral performance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of three-dimensional orthogonal woven foam sandwich composite material, belong to the Design & preparation technical field of interlayer composite material.
Background technology
Sandwich is since being born the forties in 20th century, because it has high specific strength and high specific modulus, endurance, anti-shake performance is good, and impact-absorbing load effectively, can pass through suitable panel, core and adhesive again simultaneously, meet the requirement under various service conditions, be therefore the structure " material " in aerospace engineering always.Recent years, because the material cost of sandwich constantly descends, moulding process reaches its maturity, and this " at high price " product has in the past progressively entered the every field of national economy.The application of sandwich has at present spreaded all over aviation, space flight, communications and transportation, building, electronics industry and physical culture and amusement circles.
The preparation research method of woven foam sandwich composite material is a lot of at present.The patent of application number 200910045854.0 is to take the resin-based fiber three-dimensional enhanced hollow composite material as matrix, adopts vacuum aided to feed in raw material and reaches the lamination foaming technique, at composite hollow position place's filling expansion type phenolic resins, makes woven foam sandwich composite material.The upper and lower panel of research using Carbon fiber laminated board as sandwich arranged, and is an integral body to sewing yarn by upper and lower panel and core stitching with z, carrys out the globality of implementation structure.
The characteristics of sandwich on mechanics are that top layer is main bearing bed, and the effect of core is two sheet surface layers to be strutted be bonded together securely with top layer and bear shearing force, wherein the adhesive bond of core and surface layer is one of key technology, only have both effective combinations, could realize the superperformance of sandwich.For the panel of primary load bearing, traditional laminate has the defect of easy layering, and the three-dimensional orthogonal panel layer in the present invention has the yarn of enhancing to participate in weaving in Z-direction, its mechanical property is greatly improved, the intrinsic advantage that is difficult for layering in Z-direction.On the other hand, traditional gluing mode of foam core material and upper and lower panel is difficult for realizing good effect, and also there are break-off in core and upper and lower panel, become stressed weakness.In the present invention, adopt three-dimensional orthogonal woven to manufacture surface layer and whole sandwich, not only the three-dimensional orthogonal panel layer is compared with traditional laminated surface layer, the characteristics that are difficult for layering are arranged, with the Z-direction yarn, the rectangular and upper and lower panel of foam is combined by woven mode simultaneously, make the globality of sandwich better.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of the three-dimensional orthogonal woven foam sandwich composite material of mechanical property preferably that has.
In order to achieve the above object, the invention provides a kind of preparation method of three-dimensional orthogonal woven foam sandwich composite material, it is characterized in that, concrete steps are:
The first step: the positive intertexture of weaving three-dimensional is as top panel and lower panel, at least two foams are arranged in parallel between top panel and lower panel, with bundled yarn, every foam binding are fixed in the above between plate and lower panel and obtain lightweight three-dimensional orthogonal woven foam sandwich fabric;
Second step: the lightweight three-dimensional orthogonal woven foam sandwich fabric that the first step is obtained infiltrates in resin, and heating makes resin solidification, obtains three-dimensional orthogonal woven foam sandwich composite material.
Further, described bundled yarn also is wound around every foam along the direction perpendicular to top panel and lower panel through top panel and lower panel.
Bundled yarn described in the first step is made by aramid fiber, glass fibre or basalt fibre.The fineness of bundled yarn is 450-3300 Dtex.
Foam described in the first step is phenol formaldehyde foam or polystyrene foam.
Resin described in second step is phenolic resins.
The thickness of foam is 2mm-40mm.
The thickness of the lightweight three-dimensional orthogonal woven foam sandwich composite material of second step gained is 4mm-50mm.
In the present invention, adopt three-dimensional orthogonal woven to manufacture surface layer and whole sandwich, its three-dimensional orthogonal panel layer is compared with traditional laminated surface layer, and the characteristics that are difficult for layering are arranged.Strengthen yarn the Z-direction mechanical property of upper and lower panel is improved, by foam, rectangular and upper and lower panel combines by woven mode bundled yarn, makes its globality better.In the present invention, adopt the vacuum assisted resin transfer method to prepare composite panel, also can stick with paste and the forming method of models coupling with hand simultaneously.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows: the preparation method is fairly simple, and cost is lower, and stable performance can meet application requirements well; Adopt the manufacture method of three-dimensional orthogonal woven, effectively improved the binding ability between the performance of panel own and foam and panel; Except the advantage with interlayer composite material, also the performance because of selected materials makes last interlayer composite material have good fire resistance; There is very strong design, can change corresponding structural design size and material selection according to concrete application requirements.
The accompanying drawing explanation
?fig. 1 is the panel profile;
Fig. 2 is warp thread direction foam arrangement mode figure;
Fig. 3 is the three-dimensional orthogonal woven foam sandwich composite material structural representation;
Fig. 4 is the method for weaving schematic diagram.
The specific embodiment
illustrate the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment.
A kind of three-dimensional orthogonal woven foam sandwich flame-retardant composite, as shown in Figure 3, for the three-dimensional orthogonal woven foam sandwich composite material structural representation, described top panel 1, lower panel 3 and the foam be arranged in parallel 2 be fixed in the above between plate 1 and lower panel 3 by bundled yarn 4 of comprising.Bundled yarn 4 is through top panel 1 and lower panel 3 and be wound around every foam 2 along the direction perpendicular to top panel 1 and lower panel 3.As shown in Figure 2, be warp thread direction foam arrangement mode figure, top panel 1, lower panel 3 and bundled yarn 4 select aramid fiber as material, and foam 2 is phenol formaldehyde foam.Bundled yarn 4 fineness are 450Dtex, and the thickness of foam 2 is 25mm, and the thickness of three-dimensional orthogonal woven foam sandwich composite material is 30mm.According to the different designs of material and structure, the bending modulus of its sandwich structure composite material can be at 10Gpa-50GPa, and bending strength can be at 50-150MPa.
As shown in Figure 1, be the panel profile, the warp thread 6 of top panel 1 and lower panel 3 and the weft yarn 7 vertical arrangement that interweaves respectively, be Z-direction along the thickness direction of three dimensional fabric, and the enhancing yarn 5 of Z-direction and the bundled yarn 4 of Z-direction are arranged respectively.Strengthen yarn 5 top panel 1 and the mechanical property of lower panel 3 on thickness direction are made moderate progress, overcome the shortcoming of the easy layering of laminate simultaneously.Foam 2 is to weave in sandwich under the binding effect of bundled yarn 4 with the cuboid form of certain design size, bundled yarn 4 is realized the binding density of foam with certain weaving cycle cycle, thereby foam 2 and top panel 1, lower panel 3 are better combined, make sandwich that good globality be arranged.As shown in Figure 4, be the method for weaving schematic diagram, the panel of take interweaves as example as 2 layers of warp thread and 3 layers of weft yarn, and top panel 1 and lower panel 3 are respectively all by 6,3 layers of weft yarn of 2 layers of warp thread 7 with strengthen yarn 5 and be interwoven.In weaving process, as conventional three-dimensional woven, strengthen yarn 5 and bundled yarn 4 and all controlled by heald frame, under the effect of heald frame, realize interweaving up and down.The circulation that interweaves of bundled yarn 4 is decided by the filling density that adopts foam size (width) and panel.When putting into foam 2, bundled yarn 4 is realized once interweaving to realize the binding effect to foam 2, and bundled yarn 4 float length equal the width of foam 2 in theory.Warp count: 4-8 root/cm, weft count: 4-8 root/cm.
Adopt vacuum assisted resin transfer formation method, the three-dimensional foam interlayer fabric drying be made into is weighed, then be placed on the glass template that scribbles releasing agent, with vacuum bag, coat sealing, notice that the sealing in injection port and exit is intact.After the mould sealing is intact, starts vavuum pump and confirm without air leak.Pressure used is-40 arrive-80KPa.Vacuumize after reaching the certain vacuum degree and start to inject phenolic resins, after resin infiltrates evenly fully in the baking oven of 70 ℃ heat treatment 2h, make it be subject to heat cure.After solidifying, the excision burr get final product.
A kind of three-dimensional orthogonal woven foam sandwich thermal insulation composite material, as shown in Figure 3, for the three-dimensional orthogonal woven foam sandwich composite material structural representation, described top panel 1, lower panel 3 and the foam be arranged in parallel 2 be fixed in the above between plate 1 and lower panel 3 by bundled yarn 4 of comprising.Bundled yarn 4 is through top panel 1 and lower panel 3 and be wound around every foam 2 along the direction perpendicular to top panel 1 and lower panel 3.As shown in Figure 2, be warp thread direction foam arrangement mode figure, top panel 1, lower panel 3 and bundled yarn 4 select glass fibre as material, and foam 2 is polystyrene foam.Bundled yarn 4 fineness are 3300 Dtex, and the thickness of foam 2 is 40mm, and the thickness of three-dimensional orthogonal woven foam sandwich composite material is 50mm.
As shown in Figure 1, be the panel profile, the warp thread 6 of top panel 1 and lower panel 3 and the weft yarn 7 vertical arrangement that interweaves respectively, be Z-direction along the thickness direction of three dimensional fabric, and the enhancing yarn 5 of Z-direction and the bundled yarn 4 of Z-direction are arranged respectively.Strengthen yarn 5 top panel 1 and the mechanical property of lower panel 3 on thickness direction are made moderate progress, overcome the shortcoming of the easy layering of laminate simultaneously.Foam 2 is to weave in sandwich under the binding effect of bundled yarn 4 with the cuboid form of certain design size, bundled yarn 4 is realized the binding density of foam with certain weaving cycle cycle, thereby foam 2 and top panel 1, lower panel 3 are better combined, make sandwich that good globality be arranged.As shown in Figure 4, be the method for weaving schematic diagram, the panel of take interweaves as example as 2 layers of warp thread and 3 layers of weft yarn, and top panel 1 and lower panel 3 are respectively all by 6,3 layers of weft yarn of 2 layers of warp thread 7 with strengthen yarn 5 and be interwoven.In weaving process, as conventional three-dimensional woven, strengthen yarn 5 and bundled yarn 4 and all controlled by heald frame, under the effect of heald frame, realize interweaving up and down.The circulation that interweaves of bundled yarn 4 is decided by the filling density that adopts foam size (width) and panel.When putting into foam 2, bundled yarn 4 is realized once interweaving to realize the binding effect to foam 2, and bundled yarn 4 float length equal the width of foam 2 in theory.Warp count: 4-8 root/cm, weft count: 4-8 root/cm.
Adopt vacuum assisted resin transfer formation method, the three-dimensional foam interlayer fabric drying be made into is weighed, then be placed on the glass template that scribbles releasing agent, with vacuum bag, coat sealing, notice that the sealing in injection port and exit is intact.After the mould sealing is intact, starts vavuum pump and confirm without air leak.Pressure used is-40 arrive-80KPa.Vacuumize after reaching the certain vacuum degree and start to inject phenolic resins, after resin infiltrates evenly fully in the baking oven of 70 ℃ heat treatment 2h, make it be subject to heat cure.After solidifying, the excision burr get final product.
A kind of three-dimensional orthogonal woven foam sandwich composite material of the lightweight for component materials such as ships, as shown in Figure 3, for the three-dimensional orthogonal woven foam sandwich composite material structural representation, described top panel 1, lower panel 3 and the foam be arranged in parallel 2 be fixed in the above between plate 1 and lower panel 3 by bundled yarn 4 of comprising.Bundled yarn 4 is through top panel 1 and lower panel 3 and be wound around every foam 2 along the direction perpendicular to top panel 1 and lower panel 3.As shown in Figure 2, be warp thread direction foam arrangement mode figure, top panel 1, lower panel 3 and bundled yarn 4 select basalt fibre as material, and foam 2 is phenol formaldehyde foam.Bundled yarn 4 fineness are 2000 Dtex, and the thickness of foam 2 is 20mm, and the thickness of three-dimensional orthogonal woven foam sandwich composite material is 30mm.
As shown in Figure 1, be the panel construction schematic diagram, the warp thread 6 of top panel 1 and lower panel 3 and the weft yarn 67 vertical arrangement that interweaves respectively, be Z-direction along the thickness direction of three dimensional fabric, and the enhancing yarn 5 of Z-direction and the bundled yarn 4 of Z-direction are arranged respectively.Strengthen yarn 5 top panel 1 and the mechanical property of lower panel 3 on thickness direction are made moderate progress, overcome the shortcoming of the easy layering of laminate simultaneously.Foam 2 is to weave in sandwich under the binding effect of bundled yarn 4 with the cuboid form of certain design size, bundled yarn 4 is realized the binding density of foam with certain weaving cycle cycle, thereby foam 2 and top panel 1, lower panel 3 are better combined, make sandwich that good globality be arranged.As shown in Figure 4, be the method for weaving schematic diagram, the panel of take interweaves as example as 2 layers of warp thread and 3 layers of weft yarn, and top panel 1 and lower panel 3 are respectively all by 6,3 layers of weft yarn of 2 layers of warp thread 7 with strengthen yarn 5 and be interwoven.In weaving process, as conventional three-dimensional woven, strengthen yarn 5 and bundled yarn 4 and all controlled by heald frame, under the effect of heald frame, realize interweaving up and down.The circulation that interweaves of bundled yarn 4 is decided by the filling density that adopts foam size (width) and panel.When putting into foam 2, bundled yarn 4 is realized once interweaving to realize the binding effect to foam 2, and bundled yarn 4 float length equal the width of foam 2 in theory.Warp count: 4-8 root/cm, weft count: 4-8 root/cm.
Adopt vacuum assisted resin transfer formation method, the three-dimensional foam interlayer fabric drying be made into is weighed, then be placed on the glass template that scribbles releasing agent, with vacuum bag, coat sealing, notice that the sealing in injection port and exit is intact.After the mould sealing is intact, starts vavuum pump and confirm without air leak.Pressure used is-40 arrive-80KPa.Vacuumize after reaching the certain vacuum degree and start to inject phenolic resins, after resin infiltrates evenly fully in the baking oven of 70 ℃ heat treatment 2h, make it be subject to heat cure.After solidifying, the excision burr get final product.
Claims (7)
1. the preparation method of a three-dimensional orthogonal woven foam sandwich composite material, is characterized in that, concrete steps are:
The first step: the positive intertexture of weaving three-dimensional is as top panel (1) and lower panel (3), at least two foams (2) are arranged in parallel between top panel (1) and lower panel (3), with bundled yarn (4), every foam (2) binding are fixed in the above and obtain lightweight three-dimensional orthogonal woven foam sandwich fabric between plate (1) and lower panel (3); Described bundled yarn (4) is through top panel (1) and lower panel (3) and be wound around every foam (2) along the direction perpendicular to top panel (1) and lower panel (3);
Second step: the lightweight three-dimensional orthogonal woven foam sandwich fabric that the first step is obtained infiltrates in resin, and heating makes resin solidification, obtains three-dimensional orthogonal woven foam sandwich composite material.
2. the preparation method of three-dimensional orthogonal woven foam sandwich composite material as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the bundled yarn described in the first step (4) is made by aramid fiber, glass fibre or basalt.
3. the preparation method of three-dimensional orthogonal woven foam sandwich composite material as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the fineness of bundled yarn (4) is 450-3300 Dtex.
4. the preparation method of three-dimensional orthogonal woven foam sandwich composite material as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the foam described in the first step (2) is phenol formaldehyde foam or polystyrene foam.
5. the preparation method of three-dimensional orthogonal woven foam sandwich composite material as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the thickness of foam (2) is 2mm-40mm.
6. the preparation method of three-dimensional orthogonal woven foam sandwich composite material as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the resin described in second step is phenolic resins.
7. the preparation method of three-dimensional orthogonal woven foam sandwich composite material as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the thickness of the three-dimensional orthogonal woven foam sandwich composite material of second step gained is 4mm-50mm.
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| CN2010105977170A CN102152525B (en) | 2010-12-21 | 2010-12-21 | Method for preparing three-dimensional orthogonal woven foam sandwich composite material |
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| CN2010105977170A CN102152525B (en) | 2010-12-21 | 2010-12-21 | Method for preparing three-dimensional orthogonal woven foam sandwich composite material |
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| CN105235304A (en) * | 2015-08-25 | 2016-01-13 | 盐城工学院 | Three-dimensional orthogonal nalgrass composite material plate and molding method thereof |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1406745A (en) * | 2001-08-22 | 2003-04-02 | 方大集团股份有限公司 | Cyanuramide foam composite plates and manufacture thereof |
| CN101003190A (en) * | 2007-01-22 | 2007-07-25 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Fiber enhanced foam core filled composite material plate, and fabricating method |
| CN101076445A (en) * | 2003-12-17 | 2007-11-21 | 大金工业株式会社 | Fire-retardant composite material |
| CN101480832A (en) * | 2009-01-23 | 2009-07-15 | 苏州美克思科技发展有限公司 | Technique for producing phenolic foam sandwich fibre three-dimensional reinforced composite material |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1406745A (en) * | 2001-08-22 | 2003-04-02 | 方大集团股份有限公司 | Cyanuramide foam composite plates and manufacture thereof |
| CN101076445A (en) * | 2003-12-17 | 2007-11-21 | 大金工业株式会社 | Fire-retardant composite material |
| CN101003190A (en) * | 2007-01-22 | 2007-07-25 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Fiber enhanced foam core filled composite material plate, and fabricating method |
| CN101480832A (en) * | 2009-01-23 | 2009-07-15 | 苏州美克思科技发展有限公司 | Technique for producing phenolic foam sandwich fibre three-dimensional reinforced composite material |
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