CN105223225A - A kind of test macromolecular material shape-memory properties device, method of testing and application thereof - Google Patents
A kind of test macromolecular material shape-memory properties device, method of testing and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105223225A CN105223225A CN201510641185.9A CN201510641185A CN105223225A CN 105223225 A CN105223225 A CN 105223225A CN 201510641185 A CN201510641185 A CN 201510641185A CN 105223225 A CN105223225 A CN 105223225A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the device of a kind of <b> test macromolecular material shape-memory properties, method of testing and application </b> thereof.The present invention makes full use of the existing structure of vernier caliper and adds sample tingle, can meet the requirement of test macromolecular material shape-memory properties completely.The smooth-going stable pulling that device utilizes the accurate slide rail of vernier caliper to realize shape-memory material, the exact scale of vernier caliper is utilized accurately to read the original length of shape-memory material, tensile deformation length, shape regular length and recovery of shape length, thus calculate shape fixed rate and the shape recovery rate of shape-memory material, characterize its shape-memory properties.Device can heat easily in water-bath, oil bath or air bath environment, also can under the trigger condition such as illumination, magnetic field the shape-memory properties of test material.The novel test apparatus structure that the present invention proposes is simple, and reliability is high, and volume is little, lightweight, and be easy to carry about with one movement, and method of testing is simple and efficient, and degree of accuracy is high, can be widely used in the shape-memory properties test of various shape memory high molecule material.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to shape-memory material field, be specifically related to a kind of novel shape-memory properties proving installation, method of testing and application thereof.
Background technology
Shape memory high molecule material is that a class can change its original shape under certain conditions and be fixed on a temporary shapes, can be recovered again the intellectual material of its original shape, have purposes widely by the stimulation of external condition.The shape of shape memory high molecule material recovers triggering mode to be had multiple, as temperature, magnetic field, humidity, illumination etc.The ultimate principle that shape memory high molecule material can be changed between original-shape and various temporary shapes is that the fixing of its temporary shapes and removing can be changed by high molecular phase that (crystalline state and molten state change, or glassy transition) carry out control realization, this phase transition temperature be called as material transfer of shapes temperature (
t sw).The core capabilities index of shape memory high molecule material is its shape recovery rate and shape fixed rate, shape recovery rate reflection be material recovers to the ability of original-shape and degree, the reflection of shape fixed rate be ability and the degree that material is fixed on temporary shapes, these two performance parameters for evaluating material quality and whether to be applicable to a certain embody rule be vital.
For the most general thermotropic shape memory high molecule material, be substantially all utilize to be equipped with the electronic universal tester of temperature-controlled box to measure shape fixed rate and the shape recovery rate of material at present.Material to be heated and lowered the temperature process by temperature-controlled box, make material that tensile deformation occur at a certain temperature by programmed control electronic universal tester simultaneously, keep deformation, unloading pulling force and the process such as freely to reply, and recording materials are at the deformation quantity of different phase, finally calculate shape fixed rate and the shape recovery rate of material.The outstanding problem that this common method exists is: 1. test device therefor expensive, not easily obtain, use cost is high, and the operating environment requirements of equipment is harsher, and the maintaining of equipment requires high; 2. test device therefor volume is large, accessory is many, weight is large, cannot move, and can not carry out scene test fast; 3. test needs to arrange complicated measurement and control program to electronic universal tester, also will with temperature-controlled box cooperation, operation easier is large, requires high to user of service; 4. in test process, electronic universal tester cannot be separated with temperature-controlled box, therefore need carry out intensification repeatedly to temperature-controlled box and lower the temperature to make material be in specific probe temperature, and temperature-controlled box heats up and the temperature-fall period used time is very long, greatly add the time needed for test, particularly for the situation measuring material property that repeatedly circulates, consuming time huge.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is expensive for current testing apparatus, cost is high, test process is complicated, length consuming time, the shortcomings such as equipment volume is large, cannot move, propose a kind of cost low, be easy to carry about with one, the novel test device that simple to operate, degree of accuracy is high, thus provide a kind of method of easy test macromolecular material shape-memory properties.
A kind of device testing macromolecular material shape-memory properties that the present invention proposes, be made up of vernier caliper and tingle, described vernier caliper comprises blade and vernier scale, described blade is provided with the first external pelivimetry pawl, described vernier scale is provided with the second external pelivimetry pawl, it is characterized in that described first external pelivimetry pawl is fixed with the first tingle, second external pelivimetry pawl is fixed with the second tingle, the two ends of test sample are separately fixed on the first tingle and the second tingle, the one end being fixed on the second tingle can be moved with vernier scale, and make test sample generation tensile deformation, the two ends ensureing to test sample in drawing process all can not with device generation relative movement.
In the present invention, the two ends of test sample are clamped in the first external pelivimetry pawl and the first tingle and between the second external pelivimetry pawl and the second tingle respectively by bolt and fastening nuts.
The measuring method of the proving installation that the present invention proposes, concrete steps are as follows:
1) under room temperature, the two ends of test sample are individually fixed in the first external pelivimetry pawl of vernier caliper and the first tingle and between the second external pelivimetry pawl and the second tingle, ensure test sample in tensile deformation process not with stationary installation generation relative displacement.Screw the trip bolt of vernier caliper, now the reading of vernier caliper is the original length of test sample
l 0;
2) the first external pelivimetry pawl of device, the first tingle, the second external pelivimetry pawl, the second tingle and test sample are immersed in thermal source, the temperature of control of heat source higher than test sample transfer of shapes temperature (
t sw) 5 ~ 10 DEG C, wait for 5 minutes, make test sample temperature reach the temperature of thermal source;
3) keep the submerged state of test sample, unscrew the trip bolt of vernier caliper, according to actual test request, the spacing of moving cursor chi to two measuring claw is
l 01.5 ~ 5 times, be stretched to 50 ~ 400% by batten, screw the trip bolt of vernier caliper, now the reading of vernier caliper be test sample tensile deformation length
l 1;
4) device is taken out cooling from thermal source, keep test sample two ends to fix, wait sample to be tested product temperature to be down to room temperature, unclamp test sample and be fixed on one end on vernier caliper, measure its length, now the reading of vernier caliper is the shape regular length of test sample
l 2;
5) be again immersed in thermal source by test sample, wait for 5 minutes, after making test sample fully carry out recovery of shape, measure its length, now the reading of vernier caliper is the recovery of shape length of test sample
l 3;
6) shape fixed rate and shape recovery rate that following formula can try to achieve material is applied, to characterize its shape-memory properties;
Shape fixed rate=
Shape recovery rate=
Wherein: when test sample is Thermally stimulated shape memory polymer material, described thermal source adopts any one in water bath with thermostatic control, oil bath or air bath; When test sample is photic induction type shape memory high molecule material, described thermal source adopts the light source irradiation of suitable wavelength.
In the present invention, the Range of measuring temp of test sample is 0 ~ 300 DEG C.
The application of the proving installation that the present invention proposes, described device can test the shape memory high molecule material of different trigger mechanism, and trigger mechanism includes but not limited to temperature, magnetic field, humidity, illumination etc.
The present invention proposes the shape memory high score material sample that described device can fix and all can test, and test sample type includes but not limited to film, sheet material, fiber etc.
beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1, the apparatus and method that the present invention proposes meet the requirement of test macromolecular material shape-memory properties completely.
2, the proving installation cost of the present invention's proposition is low, and efficiency is high, significantly reduces the buying expenses of equipment.
3, the proving installation structure of the present invention's proposition is simple, and reliability is high, safeguards without the need to professional equipment.
4, the proving installation of the present invention's proposition is easy to operate, is easy to grasp, saves the operator training time.
5, the proving installation volume of the present invention's proposition is little, lightweight, and be easy to carry about with one movement, can carry out on-the-spot test in different occasion.
6, the proving installation that proposes of the present invention and method, can reading immediately when measuring the shape fixed rate of material and shape recovery rate data, and accuracy of measurement is higher, and error is less.
7, the apparatus and method that the present invention proposes are applicable to various heating environment, and heating environment includes, but are not limited to water-bath, oil bath, air bath etc., and temperature range is 0 ~ 300 DEG C.
8, the apparatus and method that the present invention proposes do not need the temperature repeatedly raising and reduce water-bath or oil bath etc., save the test duration greatly.
9, the apparatus and method that the present invention proposes are applicable to the performance test of the shape memory high molecule material of multiple trigger mechanism, and trigger mechanism includes but are not limited to temperature, magnetic field, humidity, illumination etc.
10, the apparatus and method that the present invention proposes can adopt different clamping devices to fix high score material sample and test, and the sample form that can carry out testing includes but are not limited to film, sheet material, fiber etc.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the novel high polymer material shape-memory properties proving installation structural representation that the present invention proposes.
Number in the figure: 1 is blade, 2 is vernier scale, and 3 is trip bolt, and 4 is the first external pelivimetry pawl, and 5 is the second external pelivimetry pawl, and 6 is the first tingle, and 7 is the second tingle.
Fig. 2 is the Shape memory behavior process schematic using new device of the present invention to test shape memory high molecule material under water-bath controlled temperature conditions.Wherein: (a) is the original length of test sample, (b) is the stretcher strain length of test sample, and (c) is the shape regular length of test sample, and (d) is the recovery of shape length of test sample.
Fig. 3 is the ultimate principle figure using new device of the present invention test macromolecular material shape-memory properties.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, the present invention is specifically described.What be necessary to herein means out is that following examples are only for the present invention is described further; limiting the scope of the invention can not be interpreted as; person skilled in art makes some nonessential improvement and adjustment according to the invention described above content to the present invention, still belongs to protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, based on general vernier caliper, make full use of the existing structure of vernier caliper and add sample tingle, the requirement of test macromolecular material shape-memory properties can be met completely.The effect of tingle be the two ends of test sample are separately fixed at vernier caliper blade and vernier scale on, one end wherein can be moved with vernier scale and make sample generation stretcher strain, the two ends ensureing sample in drawing process all can not with device generation relative movement.The citation form of tingle includes but not limited on two external pelivimetry pawls of vernier caliper, respectively open two circular holes (two pitchs of holes should be greater than the width measuring batten), by bolt and nut, the two ends of batten is securely clamped in two between measuring claw and tingle respectively.
Be that the two ends of ethylene-octene copolymer (POE)/polycaprolactone (PCL) the shape memory high molecule material batten of 1:2 are placed between two external pelivimetry pawls of vernier caliper and tingle by ratio of component under room temperature, fix its position with screw bolt and nut, ensure that batten and stationary installation relative displacement do not occur in draw-texture process.Screw the trip bolt of vernier caliper, now the reading of vernier caliper is original length
l 0=16.56mm.Measuring claw, tingle and batten are immersed in 70 DEG C of waters bath with thermostatic control, wait for 5 minutes.Keep batten submergence, unscrew the trip bolt of vernier caliper, the spacing of moving cursor chi to two measuring claw is about
l 01.5 times of 24.28mm, be stretched to 50% strain by batten, screw the trip bolt of vernier caliper.Device is taken out cooling from water-bath, keeps batten two ends to fix, wait for that batten temperature is down near room temperature, unclamp batten and be fixed on one end on vernier scale, measure its length, now the reading of vernier caliper is shape regular length
l 2=21.96mm.Again be immersed in water bath with thermostatic control by batten, wait for 5 minutes, after making sample fully carry out recovery of shape, measure its length, now the reading of vernier caliper is recovery of shape length
l 3=17.48mm.The schematic diagram of test process as shown in Figure 3.Calculating the shape fixed rate of trying to achieve material is 90.44%, and shape recovery rate is 88.08%.
Embodiment 2
Be that the two ends of ethylene-octene copolymer (POE)/polycaprolactone (PCL) the shape memory high molecule material batten of 1:1 are placed between two external pelivimetry pawls of vernier caliper and tingle by ratio of component under room temperature, fix its position with screw bolt and nut, ensure that batten and stationary installation relative displacement do not occur in draw-texture process.Screw the trip bolt of vernier caliper, now the reading of vernier caliper is original length
l 0=16.20mm.Measuring claw, tingle and batten are immersed in 70 DEG C of waters bath with thermostatic control, wait for 5 minutes.Keep batten submergence, unscrew the trip bolt of vernier caliper, the spacing of moving cursor chi to two measuring claw is about
l 02 times of 32.26mm, be stretched to 100% strain by batten, screw the trip bolt of vernier caliper.Device is taken out cooling from water-bath, keeps batten two ends to fix, wait for that batten temperature is down near room temperature, unclamp batten and be fixed on one end on vernier scale, measure its length, now the reading of vernier caliper is shape regular length
l 2=29.36mm.Again be immersed in water bath with thermostatic control by batten, wait for 5 minutes, after making sample fully carry out recovery of shape, measure its length, now the reading of vernier caliper is recovery of shape length
l 3=18.28mm.Calculating the shape fixed rate of trying to achieve material is 91.01%, and shape recovery rate is 87.05%.
Embodiment 3
Be that the two ends of ethylene-octene copolymer (POE)/polycaprolactone (PCL) the shape memory high molecule material batten of 2:1 are placed between two external pelivimetry pawls of vernier caliper and tingle by ratio of component under room temperature, fix its position with screw bolt and nut, ensure that batten and stationary installation relative displacement do not occur in draw-texture process.Screw the trip bolt of vernier caliper, now the reading of vernier caliper is original length
l 0=16.36mm.Measuring claw, tingle and batten are immersed in 70 DEG C of waters bath with thermostatic control, wait for 5 minutes.Keep batten submergence, unscrew the trip bolt of vernier caliper, the spacing of moving cursor chi to two measuring claw is about
l 01.5 times of 24.50mm, be stretched to 50% strain by batten, screw the trip bolt of vernier caliper.Device is taken out cooling from water-bath, keeps batten two ends to fix, wait for that batten temperature is down near room temperature, unclamp batten and be fixed on one end on vernier scale, measure its length, now the reading of vernier caliper is shape regular length
l 2=22.96mm.Again be immersed in water bath with thermostatic control by batten, wait for 5 minutes, after making sample fully carry out recovery of shape, measure its length, now the reading of vernier caliper is recovery of shape length
l 3=17.26mm.Calculating the shape fixed rate of trying to achieve material is 93.71%, and shape recovery rate is 88.94%.
Embodiment 4
Be that the two ends of ethylene-octene copolymer (POE)/polyoxyethylene (PEO) the shape memory high molecule material batten of 1:2 are placed between two external pelivimetry pawls of vernier caliper and tingle by ratio of component under room temperature, fix its position with screw bolt and nut, ensure that batten and stationary installation relative displacement do not occur in draw-texture process.Screw the trip bolt of vernier caliper, now the reading of vernier caliper is original length
l 0=15.00mm.Measuring claw, tingle and batten are immersed in 75 DEG C of constant temperature oil baths, wait for 5 minutes.Keep batten submergence, unscrew the trip bolt of vernier caliper, the spacing of moving cursor chi to two measuring claw is about
l 01.5 times of 22.70mm, be stretched to 50% strain by batten, screw the trip bolt of vernier caliper.Device is taken out cooling from oil bath, keeps batten two ends to fix, wait for that batten temperature is down near room temperature, unclamp batten and be fixed on one end on vernier scale, measure its length, now the reading of vernier caliper is shape regular length
l 2=22.14, mm.Again be immersed in constant temperature oil bath by batten, wait for 5 minutes, after making sample fully carry out recovery of shape, measure its length, now the reading of vernier caliper is recovery of shape length
l 3=15.80, mm.Calculating the shape fixed rate of trying to achieve material is 97.5%, and shape recovery rate is 89.6%.
Embodiment 5
Be that the two ends of ethylene-octene copolymer (POE)/polyoxyethylene (PEO) the shape memory high molecule material batten of 1:1 are placed between two external pelivimetry pawls of vernier caliper and tingle by ratio of component under room temperature, fix its position with screw bolt and nut, ensure that batten and stationary installation relative displacement do not occur in draw-texture process.Screw the trip bolt of vernier caliper, now the reading of vernier caliper is original length
l 0=12.60mm.Measuring claw, tingle and batten are immersed in 75 DEG C of constant temperature oil baths, wait for 5 minutes.Keep batten submergence, unscrew the trip bolt of vernier caliper, the spacing of moving cursor chi to two measuring claw is about
l 01.5 times of 19.56mm, be stretched to 50% strain by batten, screw the trip bolt of vernier caliper.Device is taken out cooling from oil bath, keeps batten two ends to fix, wait for that batten temperature is down near room temperature, unclamp batten and be fixed on one end on vernier scale, measure its length, now the reading of vernier caliper is shape regular length
l 2=19.00mm.Again be immersed in constant temperature oil bath by batten, wait for 5 minutes, after making sample fully carry out recovery of shape, measure its length, now the reading of vernier caliper is recovery of shape length
l 3=13.60mm.Calculating the shape fixed rate of trying to achieve material is 97.1%, and shape recovery rate is 85.6%.
Embodiment 6
Be that the two ends of ethylene-octene copolymer (POE)/polyoxyethylene (PEO) the shape memory high molecule material batten of 2:1 are placed between two external pelivimetry pawls of vernier caliper and tingle by ratio of component under room temperature, fix its position with screw bolt and nut, ensure that batten and stationary installation relative displacement do not occur in draw-texture process.Screw the trip bolt of vernier caliper, now the reading of vernier caliper is original length
l 0=15.00mm.Measuring claw, tingle and batten are immersed in 75 DEG C of constant temperature oil baths, wait for 5 minutes.Keep batten submergence, unscrew the trip bolt of vernier caliper, the spacing of moving cursor chi to two measuring claw is
l 01.5 times of 22.50mm, be stretched to 100% strain by batten, screw the trip bolt of vernier caliper.Device is taken out cooling from oil bath, keeps batten two ends to fix, wait for that batten temperature is down near room temperature, unclamp batten and be fixed on one end on vernier scale, measure its length, now the reading of vernier caliper is shape regular length
l 2=21.00mm.Again be immersed in constant temperature oil bath by batten, wait for 5 minutes, after making sample fully carry out recovery of shape, measure its length, now the reading of vernier caliper is recovery of shape length
l 3=15.68mm.Calculating the shape fixed rate of trying to achieve material is 93.3%, and shape recovery rate is 90.9%.
Claims (6)
1. test the device of macromolecular material shape-memory properties for one kind, it is characterized in that being made up of vernier caliper and tingle, described vernier caliper comprises blade and vernier scale, described blade is provided with the first external pelivimetry pawl, described vernier scale is provided with the second external pelivimetry pawl, it is characterized in that described first external pelivimetry pawl is fixed with the first tingle, second external pelivimetry pawl is fixed with the second tingle, the two ends of test sample are separately fixed on the first tingle and the second tingle, the one end being fixed on the second tingle can be moved with vernier scale, and make test sample generation tensile deformation, the two ends ensureing to test sample in drawing process all can not with device generation relative movement.
2. device according to claim 1, the two ends that it is characterized in that testing sample are clamped in the first external pelivimetry pawl and the first tingle and between the second external pelivimetry pawl and the second tingle respectively by bolt and fastening nuts.
3. a measuring method for proving installation as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that concrete steps are as follows:
1) under room temperature, the two ends of test sample are individually fixed in the first external pelivimetry pawl of vernier caliper and the first tingle and between the second external pelivimetry pawl and the second tingle, ensure test sample in tensile deformation process not with stationary installation generation relative displacement, screw the trip bolt of vernier caliper, now the reading of vernier caliper is the original length of test sample
l 0;
2) the first external pelivimetry pawl of device, the first tingle, the second external pelivimetry pawl, the second tingle and test sample are immersed in thermal source, the temperature of control of heat source higher than test sample transfer of shapes temperature (
t sw) 5 ~ 10 DEG C, wait for 5 minutes, make test sample temperature reach the temperature of thermal source;
3) keep the submerged state of test sample, unscrew the trip bolt of vernier caliper, according to actual test request, the spacing of moving cursor chi to two measuring claw is
l 01.5 ~ 5 times, be stretched to 50 ~ 400% by batten, screw the trip bolt of vernier caliper, now the reading of vernier caliper be test sample tensile deformation length
l 1;
4) device is taken out cooling from thermal source, keep test sample two ends to fix, wait sample to be tested product temperature to be down to room temperature, unclamp test sample and be fixed on one end on vernier caliper, then measure its length, now the reading of vernier caliper is the shape regular length of test sample
l 2;
5) be again immersed in thermal source by test sample, wait for 5 minutes, after making test sample fully carry out recovery of shape, measure its length, now the reading of vernier caliper is the recovery of shape length of test sample
l 3;
6) shape fixed rate and shape recovery rate that following formula can try to achieve material is applied, to characterize its shape-memory properties:
Shape fixed rate=
Shape recovery rate=
Wherein: when test sample is Thermally stimulated shape memory polymer material, described thermal source adopts any one in water bath with thermostatic control, oil bath or air bath; When test sample is photic induction type shape memory high molecule material, described thermal source adopts the light source irradiation of suitable wavelength.
4. method of testing according to claim 3, is characterized in that the Range of measuring temp of testing sample is 0 ~ 300 DEG C.
5. an application for proving installation as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that described device can test the shape memory high molecule material of different trigger mechanism, trigger mechanism includes but not limited to temperature, magnetic field, humidity, illumination.
6. an application for proving installation as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that the shape memory high score material sample that described device can be fixed all can be tested, and test sample type includes but not limited to film, sheet material, fiber.
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| CN107024383A (en) * | 2017-04-10 | 2017-08-08 | 青岛科技大学 | A kind of thermoplastic sulfurized rubber compression stress relaxation can reverse recovery behavior characterizing method |
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| CN111504803A (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2020-08-07 | 大连理工大学 | Device and method for measuring bending angle shape memory of high polymer material |
| CN111537554A (en) * | 2020-04-07 | 2020-08-14 | 江苏大学 | Device and method for testing shape memory performance of composite electric response high polymer material based on folding and unfolding method |
| CN112461882A (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2021-03-09 | 广东工业大学 | Method for testing shape memory performance of surface microstructure |
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