CN111504803A - Device and method for measuring bending angle shape memory of high polymer material - Google Patents
Device and method for measuring bending angle shape memory of high polymer material Download PDFInfo
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- CN111504803A CN111504803A CN202010390028.6A CN202010390028A CN111504803A CN 111504803 A CN111504803 A CN 111504803A CN 202010390028 A CN202010390028 A CN 202010390028A CN 111504803 A CN111504803 A CN 111504803A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/20—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady bending forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/06—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means
- G01N3/062—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means with mechanical indicating or recording means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0023—Bending
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0032—Generation of the force using mechanical means
- G01N2203/0037—Generation of the force using mechanical means involving a rotating movement, e.g. gearing, cam, eccentric, or centrifuge effects
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/022—Environment of the test
- G01N2203/0222—Temperature
- G01N2203/0226—High temperature; Heating means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/022—Environment of the test
- G01N2203/0222—Temperature
- G01N2203/0228—Low temperature; Cooling means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/0605—Mechanical indicating, recording or sensing means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0682—Spatial dimension, e.g. length, area, angle
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for measuring the bending angle shape memory of a high polymer material, belongs to the field of high polymer materials, and relates to a device and a method for portable rapid measurement of the bending angle shape memory performance of the high polymer material. The measuring device consists of a middle bending block, an angle measuring plate, an upper rotating block, a handle screw, a right handle, an experimental spline, a rotating shaft, a fastening screw, a lower fixing block and a left handle. In the testing method, a shape memory polymer material test sample strip is installed on a measuring device, an angle measuring plate is used for recording the initial angle of the test sample strip, then the test sample strip is immersed in hot water, and a right handle is pushed, so that the test sample strip is bent and deformed, and the thermal deformation angle is obtained. And (4) after taking out, placing the sample in cold water at room temperature, and obtaining the deformation angle of the experimental sample strip after the shape is fixed through an angle measuring plate. The measuring device has simple structure, small volume and convenient carrying. The test method is convenient to operate and good in stability, and can be used for testing the thermotropic shape memory polymer material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of high polymer materials, and relates to a portable device for rapidly measuring the bending angle shape memory performance of a high polymer material and a test method.
Background
The shape memory material belongs to one of intelligent materials, has an original shape and a plurality of temporary shapes, and can be converted between the original shape and the temporary shapes by responding to changes of surrounding environments such as temperature, light, an electric field, a magnetic field, a PH value and the like through material characteristics of the shape memory material without depending on a condition feedback system. The shape memory material comprises shape memory alloy, shape memory ceramic and shape memory polymer material. Compared with other shape memory materials, the shape memory polymer material has the characteristics of large deformation, easy shaping, convenient adjustment of shape response temperature, heat preservation, good insulating property, light weight, low price and the like.
The shape memory process of the polymer material can be described as follows: applying external force to the shape memory polymer material with the original shape A under certain conditions (such as high temperature, infrared ray, electric field, magnetic field or certain pH value) to deform the shape A into the shape B, and removing the applied conditions on the basis of keeping the external force to fix the shape B and store the shape B for a long time; in the application process, when the same conditions are applied to the shape memory polymer material in the shape B again, the shape memory polymer material can be restored to the original shape A.
The most common shape memory polymer material is a thermotropic shape memory polymer material, and for the research on the performance of the thermotropic shape memory polymer material, a polymer material experimental sample strip needs to be preheated at a specific temperature, then deformed under the action of external force, and then rapidly cooled and shaped. The memory performance of polymer materials is usually detected by using a universal testing machine equipped with a temperature control box, but most of the devices in the type are polymer material tensile shape memory performance testing devices, and shape memory polymer materials have wide application in many fields, including not only tensile shape memory but also bending shape memory, for example, in a space folding and unfolding structure, the shape deformation of the shape memory polymer material is often bending deformation, and a shape memory vascular stent has both tensile deformation and bending deformation when in a fixed shape. Therefore, it is not suitable to test the tensile shape memory performance of the high polymer material. Meanwhile, the device is expensive in whole price, large in equipment volume, not easy to carry and complex in operation, and greatly increases the economic cost and time cost of research; meanwhile, the temperature control box needs to be heated and cooled repeatedly, the heating and cooling time is long, and the time cost is increased invisibly.
The prior document 1 "Guo Y, Ma J, L v Z, et al, the effect of a plasticizer on the shape memory properties of poly (lactic acid)/poly (ethylene glycol) blends [ J ]. Journal of Materials research.2018,33(23): 4101-.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a device and a method for measuring the bending angle shape memory of a high polymer material. The device has the characteristics of simple structure, low cost and small volume. The large parts are made of aluminum alloy materials, so that the weight is light and the carrying is convenient. The operation method has the characteristics of simple operation, no need of frequent temperature rise and drop and stable performance.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is a high polymer material bending angle shape memory measuring device, which is characterized by comprising a middle bending block 1, an angle measuring plate 2, an upper rotating block 3, a handle screw 4, a right handle 5, an experiment spline 6, a rotating shaft 7, a fastening screw 8, a lower fixing block 9 and a left handle 10; the middle bending block 1 is provided with a threaded hole 1a, an arc surface 1b and a left threaded hole 1c, the upper rotating block 3 is provided with an upper groove 3a, a vertical groove 3b, a rotating shaft connecting hole 3c and a right threaded hole 3d, and the lower fixing block 9 is provided with a through hole 9a and a lower groove 9 b;
the middle bending block 1 is arranged on the lower fixing block 9 and fixed together through a fastening screw 8; the rotating shaft 7 penetrates through a rotating shaft hole 9c of the lower fixed block 9 and a rotating shaft connecting hole 3c of the upper rotating block 3 to connect the lower fixed block 9 and the upper rotating block 3 into a whole; the right handle 5 is fixed on the upper rotating block 3 through a handle screw 4; the left handle 10 is fixed on the lower fixing block 9 through a handle screw 4; the angle measuring plate 2 is arranged on the side surface of the lower fixing block 9;
a method for measuring the bending angle shape memory of a high polymer material is characterized in that a high polymer material bending angle shape memory measuring device is adopted for measurement, and the test method comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, installing a shape memory polymer material experiment sample strip on a measuring device
At room temperature, one end of the experimental spline 6 made of the shape memory polymer material is placed in a lower groove 9b of a lower fixing block 9, a middle bending block 1 is placed on the lower fixing block 9, the middle bending block 1 and the lower fixing block 9 are fixed together through a fastening screw 8, the experimental spline made of the shape memory polymer material is fixed, and the initial angle of the experimental spline 6 is recorded by using an angle measuring plate 2
And secondly, placing the angle measuring plate 2 of the device as a base in a heat source: in water bath or oil bath, the lower fixed block 9, the middle bent block 1 and the upper rotating block 3 are completely immersed in the liquid level, and the handle is exposed; setting the temperature of a heat source to be 10-15 ℃ higher than the shape transition temperature of the experimental sample strip 6, and keeping for 3-5 min to make the temperature of the device and the experimental sample strip reach the temperature of the heat source; the method is not limited by the testing temperature, and the temperature has higher adjustability;
thirdly, the device and the experimental sample are kept immersed in a heat source environment, the upper rotating block 3 is rotated through the right handle 5 outside the liquid surface, and the rotation is stopped when the upper rotating block 3 is contacted with the middle bending block 1, namely the shape memory polymer material can realize 180-degree bending; the angle measuring plate 2 is used for recording the thermal deformation angle at the moment
Fastening the left and right handles 10 and 5 by using a clamp, and keeping for 1-3 min; and after the test sample strip is deformed by 180 degrees, the bending state of the test sample strip is kept by applying external force to the two handles.
Fourthly, keeping the left and right handles 10 and 5 fastened, taking the device out of the heat source, placing the device in air or cold water, taking down the clamp when the experimental sample strip is cooled to the room temperature, and recording the room temperature deformation angle by using the angle measuring plate
And (3) finishing the process of cooling and fixing the shape:
fifthly, placing the experimental sample strip in the heat source again, starting to recover the bending deformation, and recording the recovery deformation angle by using the angle measuring plate after the deformation stops recovering
And sixthly, processing the obtained experimental data through formulas (1) and (2) to obtain the shape memory performance of the experimental sample strip: shape fixation ratio RfAnd shape recovery ratio Rr；
And finishing the shape memory performance test of the experimental sample strip.
A high polymer material bending angle shape memory measuring device, in the device, the middle bending block, the lower fixed block, the upper rotating block, the left handle and the right handle are made of aluminum alloy materials; the angle measuring plate, the rotating shaft and the screw are made of stainless steel materials.
The invention has the advantages of capability of testing the bending angle shape memory performance of the shape memory polymer material, simple structure, convenient operation, small volume and low cost. The large parts are made of aluminum alloy materials, so that the weight is light and the carrying is convenient. The testing method is simple and convenient, does not need special large-scale equipment, and reduces the economic cost. The shape memory performance of the shape memory polymer material can be rapidly tested under various conditions, the method is suitable for various heating modes, such as a water bath mode, an oil bath mode and an air heating mode, repeated temperature rise and fall are not needed, the testing time is saved, and the time cost is reduced. The testing device and the testing method can be used for thermotropic shape memory polymer materials, and can also be used for shape memory polymer materials of an electric type, a magnetic type, a light-induced type and the like, and the stability is good.
Drawings
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and examples.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a testing apparatus according to the present invention. In the figure: the device comprises a 1-middle bending block, a 1 a-threaded hole, a 1 b-arc surface, a 1 c-left threaded hole, a 2-angle measuring plate, a 3-upper rotating block, a 3 a-lower groove, a 3 b-vertical groove, a 3 c-rotating shaft connecting hole, a 3 d-right threaded hole, a 4-handle screw, a 5-right handle, a 6-experimental spline, a 7-rotating shaft, an 8-fastening screw, a 9-lower fixing block, a 9 b-lower groove, a 9 c-rotating shaft hole and a 10-left handle.
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the process of testing the shape memory property of the polymer material according to the embodiment. The testing device comprises a) an original shape of a testing device for installing an experimental spline, b) a high-temperature deformation stage of the experimental spline, c) a cooling and fixing stage of the experimental spline, d) an external force releasing stage of the experimental spline, and e) a heating and recovering stage of the experimental spline.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings.
In this example, the test sample bar was made of polylactic acid (P L A) sheet, the sample size was 80mm × 10mm × 2mm, and the temperature range of the test sample was 20 ℃ to 80 ℃.
FIG. 1 is a shape memory testing device for the bending angle of a high polymer material, which consists of a middle bending block 1, an angle measuring plate 2, an upper rotating block 3, a handle screw 4, a right handle 5, an experimental spline 6, a rotating shaft 7, a fastening screw 8, a lower fixing block 9 and a left handle 10; the middle bending block 1 is provided with a threaded hole 1a, an arc surface 1b and a left threaded hole 1c, the upper rotating block 3 is provided with an upper groove 3a, a vertical groove 3b, a rotating shaft connecting hole 3c and a right threaded hole 3d, and the lower fixing block 9 is provided with a through hole 9a and a lower groove 9 b;
the middle bending block 1 is arranged on the lower fixing block 9 and fixed together through a fastening screw 8; the rotating shaft 7 penetrates through a rotating shaft hole 9c of the lower fixed block 9 and a rotating shaft connecting hole 3c of the upper rotating block 3 to connect the lower fixed block 9 and the upper rotating block 3 into a whole; the right handle 5 is fixed on the upper rotating block 3 through a handle screw 4; the left handle 10 is fixed on the lower fixing block 9 through a handle screw 4; the angle measuring plate 2 is arranged on the side surface of the lower fixing block 9;
the specific operation process of the test method is as follows:
firstly, at room temperature, one end of a shape memory polymer material experimental sample strip 6 is placed in a lower groove 9b of a lower fixing block 9, a middle bending block 1 is placed on the lower fixing block 9, the middle bending block 1 and the lower fixing block 9 are fixed together through a fastening screw 8, the shape memory polymer material experimental sample strip is fixed, and an initial angle of the experimental sample strip 6 is recorded by using an angle measuring plate 2
As shown in fig. 2 a).
Then the angle measuring plate 2 is taken as a base, and the device and the experimental sample bar are immersed in the water bath environment of 80 ℃ to expose the left hand and the right handHandles 10, 5, held for 5min, allowed the device and experimental samples to reach 80 ℃. Then, the test sample bar is kept in the immersed state, the left handle 10 is kept still, and the right handle 5 is pushed, so that the test sample bar is bent and deformed. When the upper rotating block 3 is contacted with the middle bending block 1, 180-degree bending deformation of an experimental sample is realized, and a thermal deformation angle is obtained
The right grip 5 and the left grip 10 were fixed with a clip for 3min, and then the device and the test specimen were taken out and placed in cold water at room temperature for 3 min. Then taking out the device and the experimental sample, taking down the clamp, and obtaining the deformation angle of the experimental sample strip after the shape is fixed through the angle measuring plate 2
See fig. 2b), c), d).
Finally, the device and the experimental sample strip are placed in a water bath environment at 80 ℃, the bending deformation begins to recover, and after the deformation stops recovering, the angle measuring plate 2 is used for recording the deformation angle after the shape recovers
See fig. 2 e).
And (3) finishing the shape memory process, and obtaining the bending angle shape memory performance of the experimental spline by using the deformation angle data, the shape fixing rate and the shape recovery rate formulas obtained by the formulas (1) and (2).
Claims (3)
1. A shape memory measuring device for a bending angle of a high polymer material is characterized by comprising a middle bending block (1), an angle measuring plate (2), an upper rotating block (3), a handle screw (4), a right handle (5), a rotating shaft (7), a fastening screw (8), a lower fixing block (9) and a left handle (10); the middle bending block (1) is provided with a threaded hole (1a), an arc surface (1b) and a left threaded hole (1c), the upper rotating block (3) is provided with an upper groove (3a), a vertical groove (3b), a rotating shaft connecting hole (3c) and a right threaded hole (3d), and the lower fixing block (9) is provided with a through hole (9a) and a lower groove (9 b);
the middle bending block (1) is arranged on the lower fixing block (9) and fixed together through a fastening screw (8); the rotating shaft (7) penetrates through a rotating shaft hole (9c) of the lower fixing block (9) and a rotating shaft connecting hole (3c) of the upper rotating block (3) to connect the lower fixing block (9) and the upper rotating block (3) into a whole; the right handle (5) is fixed on the upper rotating block (3) through a handle screw (4); the left handle (10) is fixed on the lower fixing block (9) through a handle screw (4); the angle measuring plate (2) is arranged on the side surface of the lower fixing block (9).
2. A method for measuring the bending angle shape memory of a high polymer material is characterized in that a high polymer material bending angle shape memory measuring device is adopted for measurement, and the test method comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, installing a shape memory polymer material experiment sample strip on a measuring device
At room temperature, one end of a shape memory polymer material experiment sample strip (6) is placed in a lower groove (9b) of a lower fixing block (9), a middle bending block (1) is placed on the lower fixing block (9), the middle bending block (1) and the lower fixing block (9) are fixed together through a fastening screw (8), the shape memory polymer material experiment sample strip is fixed, and the initial angle of the experiment sample strip (6) is recorded by using an angle measuring plate (2)
And secondly, placing an angle measuring plate (2) of the device as a base on a heat source: in water bath or oil bath, the lower fixed block (9), the middle bent block (1) and the upper rotating block (3) are completely immersed in the liquid level, and the handle is exposed; setting the temperature of a heat source to be 10-15 ℃ higher than the shape transition temperature of the experimental sample strip (6), and keeping for 3-5 min to make the temperature of the device and the experimental sample strip reach the temperature of the heat source; the method is not limited by the testing temperature, and the temperature has higher adjustability;
thirdly, the device and the experimental sample are kept immersed in a heat source environment, the upper rotating block (3) is rotated through the right handle (5) outside the liquid surface, and the rotation is stopped when the upper rotating block (3) is contacted with the middle bending block (1), namely, the shape memory polymer material can180-degree bending is realized; the angle measuring plate (2) is used for recording the thermal deformation angle at the moment
Fastening the left and right handles (10, 5) by using a clamp, and keeping for 1-3 min; after the test sample strip is deformed by 180 degrees, the bending state of the test sample strip is kept by applying external force to the two handles;
fourthly, keeping the handles (10 and 5) of the left handle and the right handle to be fastened, taking the device out of a heat source, placing the device in air or cold water, taking down the clamp when the experimental sample strip is cooled to the room temperature, and recording the room temperature deformation angle by using the angle measuring plate
And (3) finishing the process of cooling and fixing the shape:
fifthly, placing the experimental sample strip in the heat source again, starting to recover the bending deformation, and recording the recovery deformation angle by using the angle measuring plate after the deformation stops recovering
And sixthly, processing the obtained experimental data through formulas (1) and (2) to obtain the shape memory performance of the experimental sample strip: shape fixation ratio RfAnd shape recovery ratio Rr；
And finishing the shape memory performance test of the experimental sample strip.
3. The polymer material bending angle shape memory measuring device of claim 1, wherein the middle bending block, the lower fixed block, the upper rotating block, the left handle and the right handle are made of aluminum alloy materials; the angle measuring plate, the rotating shaft and the screw are made of stainless steel materials.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116973225A (en) * | 2023-07-31 | 2023-10-31 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Visual testing device for macroscopic display and quantification of shape memory effect |
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| CN116973225A (en) * | 2023-07-31 | 2023-10-31 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Visual testing device for macroscopic display and quantification of shape memory effect |
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