CN100592067C - Asphalt Mixture Low Temperature Fracture Tester - Google Patents
Asphalt Mixture Low Temperature Fracture Tester Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 101100202447 Drosophila melanogaster sav gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007847 structural defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004154 testing of material Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种沥青混合料低温断裂试验仪，其既保证了试验过程中降温速率和温度的一致性，又避免了试件支架的收缩变形问题，并采用支架加热膨胀进行应变补偿，消除力传感器施加拉力所产生应变对试验结果的影响，也保证试验过程中试件长度不变。本发明包括基座，基座上设有支架和试件夹，支架上设有力传感器，支架下方设有加热补偿系统，加热补偿系统与控制系统连接，试件夹与试件连接，试件四周设有降温板，加热补偿系统由加热套和温度传感器组成，降温板采用四侧双联结构，冷凝管设置于降温板内侧，每块降温板单独设置冷媒进出口，冷凝管通过保温管与恒温槽连接。
The invention relates to a low-temperature fracture tester for asphalt mixture, which not only ensures the consistency of the cooling rate and temperature during the test, but also avoids the shrinkage and deformation of the test piece bracket, and uses the bracket to heat and expand to perform strain compensation and eliminate force. The influence of the strain generated by the tension applied by the sensor on the test results also ensures that the length of the specimen remains unchanged during the test. The invention comprises a base, a bracket and a specimen clamp are arranged on the base, a force sensor is provided on the bracket, a heating compensation system is provided under the bracket, the heating compensation system is connected with the control system, the specimen clamp is connected with the specimen, and the surrounding area of the specimen is There is a cooling plate, and the heating compensation system is composed of a heating jacket and a temperature sensor. The cooling plate adopts a four-sided double-connected structure, and the condensation pipe is arranged inside the cooling plate. Groove connection.
Description
一、技术领域： 1. Technical field:
本发明涉及一种材料试验仪器，尤其是涉及一种沥青混合料低温断裂试验仪。The invention relates to a material testing instrument, in particular to an asphalt mixture low-temperature fracture testing instrument.
二、背景技术： 2. Background technology:
现有相似沥青混合料低温断裂试验仪器是美国研制的约束试件冻断试验仪(简称TSRST)。该仪器利用环境控温箱对试验支架和试件进行降温，降温方式采用空气对流方式；试件利用支架进行约束，当降温过程中试件收缩变形时采用施加拉力的方式进行补偿，使试件恢复原始长度；这两个结构上的缺陷使试验误差较大，导致测定得出的断裂温度在实际应用中意义不大，也限制了该仪器的广泛应用，美国SHRP研究中重点分析后未推荐该设备。采用空气对流方式降温，使温度传感器测定的对流介质温度、试件表面温度、试件内部温度之间的差异较大；且环境箱将试件支架、传感器等包含其中，降温过程中试件收缩的同时支架材料也发生收缩，导致施加拉力补偿时产生较大偏差，并非单一补偿试件收缩，而是两者的综合收缩。由于试件降温收缩变形非常小，采用施加拉力补偿时精度很难控制，往往出现超拉现象，温度越低超拉越严重，对试验结果影响越大；另一方面，目前所用力传感器均为应变传感器，限制试件收缩时施加拉力，则传感器也对应产生拉应变，将影响试验结果。The existing low-temperature fracture test instrument for similar asphalt mixture is the Constrained Specimen Freeze Break Tester (TSRST for short) developed in the United States. The instrument uses the environmental temperature control box to cool the test bracket and the test piece. The cooling method adopts the air convection method; Restore the original length; these two structural defects make the test error larger, resulting in the measured fracture temperature being of little significance in practical applications, which also limits the wide application of the instrument. It is not recommended after the key analysis in the American SHRP study the device. The air convection method is used to cool down, so that the temperature of the convective medium measured by the temperature sensor, the surface temperature of the test piece, and the internal temperature of the test piece are quite different; and the environment box includes the test piece support, sensors, etc., and the test piece shrinks during the cooling process. At the same time, the bracket material also shrinks, resulting in a large deviation when the tension compensation is applied. It is not a single compensation for the shrinkage of the specimen, but a comprehensive shrinkage of the two. Due to the very small shrinkage and deformation of the specimen when cooling down, it is difficult to control the accuracy when applying tension compensation, and overdrawing often occurs. The lower the temperature, the more serious the overdrawing is, and the greater the impact on the test results; For the strain sensor, when the tensile force is applied to limit the shrinkage of the specimen, the sensor will also generate tensile strain correspondingly, which will affect the test results.
三、发明内容： 3. Contents of the invention:
本发明为了解决上述背景技术中的不足之处，提供一种沥青混合料低温断裂试验仪，其既保证了试验过程中降温速率和温度的一致性，又避免了试件支架的收缩变形问题，并采用支架加热膨胀进行应变补偿，消除力传感器施加拉力所产生应变对试验结果的影响，也保证试验过程中试件长度不变。In order to solve the deficiencies in the above-mentioned background technology, the present invention provides a low-temperature fracture tester for asphalt mixture, which not only ensures the consistency of the cooling rate and temperature in the test process, but also avoids the shrinkage and deformation of the specimen support. And the heating and expansion of the bracket is used for strain compensation, which eliminates the influence of the strain caused by the tension applied by the force sensor on the test results, and also ensures that the length of the test piece remains unchanged during the test.
为实现上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案为：To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
一种沥青混合料低温断裂试验仪，其特殊之处在于：包括基座，基座上设有支架和试件夹，支架上设有力传感器，支架下方设有加热补偿系统，加热补偿系统与控制系统连接，试件夹与试件连接，试件四周设有降温板。A low-temperature fracture tester for asphalt mixture, which is special in that it includes a base, a bracket and a specimen clamp are arranged on the base, a force sensor is arranged on the bracket, a heating compensation system is installed under the bracket, the heating compensation system and the control The system is connected, the specimen clamp is connected with the specimen, and the specimen is surrounded by a cooling plate.
上述加热补偿系统由加热套和温度传感器组成。The above-mentioned heating compensation system consists of a heating jacket and a temperature sensor.
上述降温板采用四侧双联结构，冷凝管设置于降温板内侧，每块降温板单独设置冷媒进出口，冷凝管通过保温管与恒温槽连接。The above-mentioned cooling plate adopts a four-sided double-connected structure. The condensation pipe is arranged inside the cooling plate. Each cooling plate is provided with a separate refrigerant inlet and outlet. The condensation pipe is connected to the constant temperature tank through the insulation pipe.
上述试件夹具包含上下两套，用于固定试件，每套包含燕尾槽相连上下两块，一块固定于基座或上压头，另一块为可拆除，用于试件两端粘结固定。The above-mentioned specimen fixture includes two sets of upper and lower sets, which are used to fix the specimen. Each set includes two sets of dovetail grooves connecting the upper and lower pieces. One is fixed on the base or the upper indenter, and the other is removable, which is used for bonding and fixing the two ends of the specimen. .
与现有技术相比，本发明具有的优点和效果如下：Compared with prior art, the advantages and effects that the present invention has are as follows:
1、本发明采用降温板传导换热方式仅对试件进行降温，既保证了降温速率和温度的一致性，又避免了试件支架的收缩变形问题。根据试件尺寸设计了降温板尺寸，降温板采用四侧双联形式，冷凝管设置于降温板内侧，板关闭后冷凝管刚好与试件表面接触，形成热传导接触面；每块降温板单独设置冷媒进出口，可以保证四侧降温均匀性和足够降温能力。由于降温板仅包裹试件，从而使降温过程不会使支架、力传感器等产生收缩变形。1. The present invention only cools the test piece by adopting the conduction heat exchange method of the cooling plate, which not only ensures the consistency of the cooling rate and temperature, but also avoids the problem of shrinkage and deformation of the test piece support. The size of the cooling plate is designed according to the size of the test piece. The cooling plate adopts a four-sided double-connected form. The condensation pipe is arranged inside the cooling plate. After the plate is closed, the condensation pipe just contacts the surface of the test piece to form a heat conduction contact surface; each cooling plate is set separately. Refrigerant import and export can ensure the uniformity of cooling on all sides and sufficient cooling capacity. Since the cooling plate only wraps the test piece, the cooling process will not cause shrinkage deformation of the bracket, force sensor, etc.
2、本发明采用支架加热膨胀进行应变补偿，消除力传感器施加拉力所产生应变对试验结果的影响，也保证试验过程中试件长度不变。利用对支架加热膨胀进行应变补偿的思想是本发明的关键技术。利用支架材料线膨胀系数、长度、温度、加热器功率，计算一定加热功率下固定长度支架加热时间与应变关系，再结合力传感器力与应变关系，通过控制软件根据传感器应变实时自动控制支架加热时间与功率，使两个应变等值反向，达到补偿目的。2. The present invention adopts the heating and expansion of the bracket for strain compensation, which eliminates the influence of the strain on the test results caused by the tension applied by the force sensor, and also ensures that the length of the test piece remains unchanged during the test. The idea of using the strain compensation for the thermal expansion of the stent is the key technology of the present invention. Using the coefficient of linear expansion of the stent material, length, temperature, and heater power, calculate the relationship between the heating time and strain of a fixed-length stent under a certain heating power, and then combine the relationship between the force sensor and the strain, and automatically control the heating time of the stent in real time according to the strain of the sensor through the control software With the power, the two strain equivalents are reversed to achieve the purpose of compensation.
四、附图说明： 4. Description of drawings:
附图为本发明的结构示意图。Accompanying drawing is the structural representation of the present invention.
图中，1-控制系统，2-恒温槽，3-连接线，4-加热补偿系统，5-支架，In the figure, 1-control system, 2-constant temperature bath, 3-connecting line, 4-heating compensation system, 5-support,
6-力传感器，7-试件，8-降温板，9-试件夹具，10-基座，11-保温管。6-force sensor, 7-test piece, 8-cooling plate, 9-test piece fixture, 10-base, 11-insulation tube.
五、具体实施方式： 5. Specific implementation methods:
参见附图，沥青混合料低温断裂试验仪是用于评价沥青混合料低温抗裂性能的专用设备，利用制冷系统对试件降温，测定试件降温过程中约束状态或松弛状态下的断裂温度、断裂强度，分析混合料低温抗裂能力。沥青混合料低温断裂试验仪结构组成如附图所示，主要由反力架、试件夹具9、降温系统、控制系统1、数据采集系统、加热补偿系统4组成。反力架由基座、支架5组成，要求具有足够强度，避免产生过大变形。试件夹具9包含上下两套，用于固定试件7，每套包含燕尾槽相连上下两块，一块固定于基座或上压头，另一块为可拆除，用于试件7两端粘结固定。降温系统包括恒温槽、保温管11、降温板8，根据试件尺寸设计了降温板尺寸，降温板8采用四侧双联形式，冷凝管设置于降温板8内侧，板关闭后冷凝管刚好与试件7表面接触，形成热传导接触面；每块降温板8单独设置冷媒进出口，可以保证四侧降温均匀性和足够降温能力。由于降温板8仅包裹试件7，从而使降温过程不会使支架5、力传感器6等产生收缩变形，恒温槽为降温提供恒温冷媒，通过保温管11输送到降温板8内的冷凝管。支架5下方设有加热补偿系统，加热补偿系统主要由加热套、温度传感器组成，由控制系统根据力传感器应变控制加热功率、加热温度和加热时间。利用对支架加热膨胀进行应变补偿是本发明的关键技术，利用支架材料线膨胀系数、长度、温度、加热器功率，计算一定加热功率下固定长度支架加热时间与应变关系，再结合力传感器力与应变关系，通过控制软件根据传感器应变实时自动控制支架加热时间与功率，使两个应变等值反向，达到补偿目的。控制系统通过控制软件自动控制试验过程，调节加热补偿系统，并可设置试验参数。数据采集系统包括力传感器、采集仪、打印装置等，可以自动实时采集试验温度、荷载、变形，并实时监控打印，也可通过串口与计算机连接进行实时监控，自动存储数据，并可自动输出到Excel进行后期计算与处理。Referring to the attached figure, the Asphalt Mixture Low Temperature Fracture Tester is a special equipment used to evaluate the low temperature crack resistance of asphalt mixture. It uses the refrigeration system to cool the specimen, and measures the fracture temperature, Fracture strength, to analyze the low-temperature crack resistance of the mixture. The structural composition of the asphalt mixture low-temperature fracture tester is shown in the attached figure, which is mainly composed of a reaction force frame, a specimen fixture 9, a cooling system, a control system 1, a data acquisition system, and a
本发明的工作原理与工作步骤：Working principle and working steps of the present invention:
工作原理：working principle:
将车辙板锯切形成的小梁试件粘结于活动夹具，并与固定夹具连接，安装在试验台上，并调整降温板8与试件7接触。设置并启动恒温槽2，当温度达到试验初始温度时打开阀门输送冷媒到降温板8，对试件7开始降温；与此同时，控制系统启动加热补偿系统4和数据采集系统。当荷载传感器产生应变，即施加拉力保持试件7长度不变时，补偿系统自动开始加热补偿，采集系统和控制系统通过采集加热套内部温度、试件温度、传感器应变自动计算协调平衡应变，进行补偿，并记录保存试验温度、荷载与变形。直到试件断裂，控制系统自动停止试验。The small beam specimen formed by sawing the rutting plate is bonded to the movable fixture, connected with the fixed fixture, installed on the test bench, and adjusted to contact the
工作步骤：Work steps:
A.试件制作凝管。支架5下方设有加热补偿系统，加热补偿系统主要由加热套、温度传感器组成，由控制系统根据力传感器应变控制加热功率、加热温度和加热时间。利用对支架加热膨胀进行应变补偿是本发明的关键技术，利用支架材料线膨胀系数、长度、温度、加热器功率，计算一定加热功率下固定长度支架加热时间与应变关系，再结合力传感器力与应变关系，通过控制软件根据传感器应变实时自动控制支架加热时间与功率，使两个应变等值反向，达到补偿目的。控制系统通过控制软件自动控制试验过程，调节加热补偿系统，并可设置试验参数。数据采集系统包括力传感器、采集仪、打印装置等，可以自动实时采集试验温度、荷载、变形，并实时监控打印，也可通过串口与计算机连接进行实时监控，自动存储数据，并可自动输出到Excel进行后期计算与处理。A. The test piece is made into a condensation tube. A heating compensation system is provided below the
本发明的工作原理与工作步骤：Working principle and working steps of the present invention:
工作原理：working principle:
将车辙板锯切形成的小梁试件粘结于活动夹具，并与固定夹具连接，安装在试验台上，并调整降温板8与试件7接触。设置并启动恒温槽2，当温度达到试验初始温度时打开阀门输送冷媒到降温板8，对试件7开始降温；与此同时，控制系统启动加热补偿系统4和数据采集系统。当荷载传感器产生应变，即施加拉力保持试件7长度不变时，补偿系统自动开始加热补偿，采集系统和控制系统通过采集加热套内部温度、试件温度、传感器应变自动计算协调平衡应变，进行补偿，并记录保存试验温度、荷载与变形。直到试件断裂，控制系统自动停止试验。The small beam specimen formed by sawing the rutting plate is bonded to the movable fixture, connected with the fixed fixture, installed on the test bench, and adjusted to contact the
工作步骤：Work steps:
A.试件制作A. Test piece production
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| CN101251458B (en) * | 2008-04-10 | 2010-07-14 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Method and private facilities for measuring bitumen stiffness and crisp point |
| CN102269675B (en) * | 2011-05-04 | 2012-12-19 | 北京航空航天大学 | Biaxial tensile testing device with thirdly directional stress provided by fluid pressure and application thereof |
| CN104865136A (en) * | 2015-05-21 | 2015-08-26 | 天津大学 | Testing device for strain measurement of steel strand at ultralow temperature |
| CN105424498B (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2018-09-07 | 河南工程学院 | Method for compression test in compression testing machine and high temperature in concrete material high temperature |
| CN105628512A (en) * | 2016-03-23 | 2016-06-01 | 四川大学 | Test box and system capable of simulating mechanical property of test piece under freeze-thaw temperature load |
| CN106093106B (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2017-06-30 | 深圳市市政设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of pitch low temperature ring crack freezes disconnected disc structure and pitch low temperature ring crack test instrument |
| CN106018463B (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2017-06-30 | 深圳市市政设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of evaluation method of pitch crack resistance at low-temperature |
| CN112798639B (en) * | 2021-02-23 | 2024-07-05 | 广州港湾工程质量检测有限公司 | Fllas brittle point instrument and test method thereof |
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