CN105219079A - 树脂组合物及其应用 - Google Patents
树脂组合物及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN105219079A CN105219079A CN201410255024.1A CN201410255024A CN105219079A CN 105219079 A CN105219079 A CN 105219079A CN 201410255024 A CN201410255024 A CN 201410255024A CN 105219079 A CN105219079 A CN 105219079A
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- resin
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- resin combination
- bismaleimides
- amide imide
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- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
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- XQUPVDVFXZDTLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[4-[[4-(2,5-dioxopyrrol-1-yl)phenyl]methyl]phenyl]pyrrole-2,5-dione Chemical class O=C1C=CC(=O)N1C(C=C1)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N2C(C=CC2=O)=O)C=C1 XQUPVDVFXZDTLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Macromolecular Compounds Obtained By Forming Nitrogen-Containing Linkages In General (AREA)
Abstract
一种树脂组合物,其是一含有改质型双马来酰亚胺树脂的稳态溶液,其是通过具下式A的酰胺酰亚胺与具下式B的双马来酰亚胺发生反应而制得:
Description
技术领域
本发明是关于一种树脂组合物以及该树脂组合物的应用;特定言之,本发明是关于一种用于制作无强化材层板的半固化片(prepreg)的树脂组合物及用该固化片制作的积层板(laminate)。
背景技术
印刷电路板(printedcircuitboard,PCB)为电子装置的电路基板,是以绝缘材料辅以导体配线所形成的结构性元件。一般而言,利用印刷电路板制成最终电子产品时,是在印刷电路板上安装集成电路、电晶体、二极管、被动元件(如电阻、电容、连接器等)及其他各式电子元件,通过导线连通,可以形成电子信号连接及使各电子元件发挥功用。因此,印刷电路板是一提供电子元件连结的平台。
对于高速化信号而言,印刷电路板必须具有交流电特性的阻抗控制及高频传输能力,且必须降低不必要的辐射(EMI),且通常须采用低介电系数、低衰减率的绝缘材料,以确保信号传送品质。此外,为配合电子元件构装的小型化及阵列化,电路板上的元件密度亦不断地被提高。而随着如球形阵列(ballgridarray,BGA)、晶片尺度封装(chipscalepackage,CSP)、直接晶片贴合(directchipattachment,DCA)等组装方式的出现,印刷电路板的发展进入崭新的高密度境界。对于制造此类电路板产品的技术,美国电路板协会(IPC)以一通用名称“高密度互连技术(HighDensityInterconnectionTechnology,HDI技术)”称呼该技术,在电路板产业中,一般将采用此种技术制得的产品称为“HDI板”或高密度互连印刷电路板,或简称为“高密度电路板”。
HDI技术主要是使用微盲埋孔(blindandburiedmicro-via)技术来制备高线路密度分布的印刷电路板。HDI技术与传统印刷电路板制造技术的最大差异在于成孔方式,HDI技术是采用非机械钻孔法(non-mechanicaldrillingmethod)成孔,尤其以激光成孔法(laserviamethod)为主流方式。HDI板一般是使用增层法(buildupmethod)制造,其中当增层的次数愈多,所需的技术水平要求愈高。基本上,一般HDI板采用一次增层技术,高阶HDI板则可能采用二次或二次以上的增层技术,并采用电镀填孔、叠孔、激光直接打孔等先进技术。
制备HDI板的树脂原料至少必须是适用于激光钻孔、具有低介电特性及高尺寸安定性的材料;此外,为减少HDI板的厚度,所用的树脂原料较佳是可应用无核心板材技术(coreless技术)制备无强化材(如玻纤布)的HDI板材。目前常用的制作HDI板的树脂原料为日本味之素公司的ABF环氧树脂。然而,此ABF环氧树脂的耐热性较低(玻璃转移温度(Tg)低于180℃),因此在使用上必须额外添加阻燃剂,另外还须额外地添加填充料以确保所制作的印刷电路板的尺寸安定性。上述添加物不仅将增加制造成本,更将不利地影响印刷电路板的性质,例如,降低钻孔品质、降低板材耐湿性能等。
近年来,已发展出一种新颖的树脂材料,如中国台湾专利第I398465号所揭露的改质型双马来酰亚胺树脂,其具有良好的绝缘电气特性及耐燃性,相当适合用于HDI板的制造,尤其适用于无强化材的HDI板的制造。然而,该树脂与由此制得的板材特性仍有待进一步改良,例如,树脂组合物所含聚合的分子量必须加以控制且溶剂必须加以选择,以利于长时间地储存,所制得的板材的耐化性(耐受蚀刻药剂侵蚀的能力)、韧性、尺寸安定性等均须加以提升。
发明内容
本发明的一目的是在于提供一种树脂组合物,其是一种含有改质型双马来酰亚胺树脂的稳态溶液,通过如下步骤制得:
(a)于一溶剂中混合一具下式A的酰胺酰亚胺与一具下式B的双马来酰亚胺,以提供一反应溶液;
其中,Q为-CH2-、-C(CH3)2-、-O-、-S-、-SO2-或不存在,n为1至100的整数,R为-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)12-、-CH2-C(CH3)2-CH2-CH(CH3)-CH2-CH2-、 或且该具式B的双马来酰亚胺与该具式A的酰胺酰亚胺的质量用量比为约0.4至约2.2;
(b)加热该反应溶液至一第一温度以进行反应,历时2至4小时,提供一产物溶液;以及
(c)冷却该产物溶液至一第二温度以终止反应,获得该含有改质型双马来酰亚胺树脂的稳态溶液,
其中,该溶剂是不与该具式A的酰胺酰亚胺及该具式B的双马来酰亚胺反应;该第一温度高于该具式A的酰胺酰亚胺与该具式B的双马来酰亚胺发生反应所需的温度且低于该溶剂的沸点;该第二温度低于该具式A的酰胺酰亚胺与该具式B的双马来酰亚胺发生反应所需的温度;以及该改质型双马来酰亚胺树脂的分子量为约120,000至约700,000,以利半固化片的制作。
本发明的另一目的是在于提供一种半固化片,其是通过在一基材上涂布上述树脂组合物并进行干燥,以于该基材上形成该半固化片。
本发明的再一目的是在于提供一种积层板,包含一合成层及一金属层,该合成层是通过上述半固化片所提供。
为使本发明的上述目的、技术特征及优点能更明显易懂,下文以部分具体实施方式进行详细说明。
具体实施方式
以下将具体地描述根据本发明的部分具体实施态样;但,在不背离本发明的精神下,本发明尚可以多种不同形式的态样来实践,不应将本发明保护范围解释为限于说明书所陈述的内容。此外,除非文中有另外说明,于本申请文件所使用的「一」、「该」及类似用语应理解为包含单数及复数形式。且除非文中有另外说明,于本说明书中描述溶液、混合物或组合物中所含的成分时,是以该成分所含的固形物计算,即,未纳入溶剂的重量。
本发明的特点在于,是于特定反应条件下、以特定比例反应酰胺酰亚胺与双马来酰亚胺,以制备含有改质型双马来酰亚胺树脂的稳态溶液,作为制备半固化片及积层板的树脂组合物。本发明树脂组合物所含的改质型双马来酰亚胺树脂具有优异的溶剂相容性,故树脂组合物可长时间储存而无明显沉淀现象,且由此制得的半固化片可于常温下长时间保存而不损其性质,耐化性与延展性皆佳;此外,进一步由该半固化片制得的积层板各项物化性质(如高玻璃转移温度(Tg)、良好耐湿性、良好尺寸安定性、良好耐燃性、良好耐化性等)与电气性质(如低Df、Dk)均相当优异,且适合于激光钻孔加工。
特定言之,本发明树脂组合物是一种含有改质型双马来酰亚胺树脂的稳态溶液,其经由如下步骤制得:
(a)于一溶剂中混合一酰胺酰亚胺与一双马来酰亚胺,以提供一反应溶液;
(b)加热该反应溶液至一第一温度以进行反应,历时2至4小时,提供一产物溶液;以及
(c)冷却该产物溶液至一第二温度以终止反应,获得该含有改质型双马来酰亚胺树脂的稳态溶液,
其中,该溶剂不与该酰胺酰亚胺及该双马来酰亚胺反应;该第一温度高于该酰胺酰亚胺与该双马来酰亚胺发生反应所需的温度且低于该溶剂的沸点;以及该第二温度低于该酰胺酰亚胺与该双马来酰亚胺发生反应所需的温度。
在步骤(a)中,所用的酰胺酰亚胺是具下式A的结构,且所用的双马来酰亚胺具下式B的结构
其中,Q为-CH2-、-C(CH3)2-、-O-、-S-、-SO2-或不存在,n为1至100的整数,且R为-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)12-、-CH2-C(CH3)2-CH2-CH(CH3)-CH2-CH2-、 或于本发明的部分具体实施态样中,Q为-CH2-且R为此外,经发现,在特定酰胺酰亚胺与双马来酰亚胺的混合比例下所得的本发明树脂组合物特别适合用于HDI板的制备,因为由此制得的积层板可同时具备优异的耐燃性(Tg高)、尺寸稳定性(膨胀率低)、粘着强度、韧性、耐化性及电气性质。因此,根据本发明,于步骤(a)中,具式B的双马来酰亚胺与具式A的酰胺酰亚胺的质量用量比为约0.4至约2.2,较佳为约0.8至约2.0。
于步骤(a)中所使用的有机溶剂,是可溶解酰胺酰亚胺与双马来酰亚胺且不与该等物质反应的溶剂,较佳为同时具有催化效果的溶剂。另外,基于操作便利性,宜于步骤(a)中采用沸点至少高于本发明树脂组合物的制备过程所涉及的最高操作温度(通常为聚合反应的温度)的有机溶剂,以避免溶剂于操作过程中脱逸而改变反应溶液的浓度,造成后续制程进行的困难(如溶液变稠而无法进行搅拌)或影响所制得的聚合物溶液的品质(如聚合程度不均)。一般而言,是选用沸点大于130℃的有机溶剂,例如选自以下群组的溶剂:环己酮、丙酮、丁酮、甲基异丁基酮、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(N,N-dimethylformamide,DMF)、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(N,N-dimethylacetamide,DMAc)、N-甲基吡咯烷酮(N-methylpyrrolidone,NMP)、及前述的任意组合。于本发明的实施态样中,是使用N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)与N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)、或N-甲基吡咯烷酮与N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(DMAc)的混合物作为溶剂,其与树脂组合物所含的改质型双马来酰亚胺树脂的相容性高,因此树脂组合物可更长时间的储存。
根据本发明,于步骤(a)中有机溶剂的用量,除须达到溶解所用的酰胺酰亚胺与双马来酰亚胺的功效外,尚须足以稳定溶解或分散聚合反应所产生的聚合物,以便使聚合物稳定溶解/分散于溶剂中而不会沉淀。一般而言,以100重量份的酰胺酰亚胺与双马来酰亚胺的总重量计,该有机溶剂的使用量通常为至少约50重量份,例如,约50重量份至约150重量份,较佳为约80重量份至约120重量份。然而,本发明所属领域具通常知识者在参酌本发明说明书的揭露内容后,可依实际需求选择变化有机溶剂的用量,并不以此为限。
待酰胺酰亚胺与双马来酰亚胺均匀溶解于有机溶剂中形成反应溶液后,在步骤(b)加热反应溶液,以将反应溶液升温至一第一温度。第一温度是至少高于该酰胺酰亚胺与该双马来酰亚胺发生反应所需的温度,以便在不使用昂贵且对环境有害的催化剂的情况下,进行酰亚胺的加成/聚合反应,以制得含有改质型双马来酰亚胺树脂的稳态溶液;且第一温度应低于溶剂的沸点,以避免溶剂于操作过程中脱逸而改变反应溶液的浓度,造成后续制程进行的困难或影响所制得的聚合物溶液的品质。一般而言,第一温度为约100℃至约160℃,较佳约120℃至约160℃,于本发明的部分实施态样中,第一温度为约120℃至约140℃。另外,经发现,于第一温度下的反应时间应控制在约2小时至约4小时,若高于或低于上述反应时间范围,则无法制得同时具备优异物化性质与电气性质的积层板材料,尤其粘着强度、耐化性均无法达到令人满意的程度。
于不受理论限制下,但凡由具式A的酰胺酰亚胺与具式B的双马来酰亚胺反应后所形成的改质型双马来酰亚胺树脂具有如下式I或II所示的结构:
其中,Q与R是如前文所定义,10<m<500,且x+y=m。
于本发明的树脂组合物中,所含的改质型双马来酰亚胺树脂的分子量为约120,000至约700,000,此一分子量恰使得所制得的产品可呈稳态溶液形式,使溶液具合宜的粘度,有利于半固化片制备时的施作。
可采用任何合宜的手段以提供能量给反应溶液,进行步骤(b)的加热。举例言之,可通过例如热能(如水浴、油浴、电加热器、热交换管)、辐射能(如紫外光照射、γ射线照射)、或前述的组合,来提供能量与反应溶液,从而提升温度至所欲温度,以便进行加成/聚合反应。其中,为了提高热传导均匀性及反应均匀性,较佳是于升温过程中同时搅拌反应溶液。
于步骤(b)进行聚合反应并获得一产物溶液之后,接着于步骤(c)中降低产物溶液的温度至一第二温度,以实质上终止聚合反应,获得作为本发明树脂组合物的稳态溶液。须说明者,此处所指“实质上终止”是指酰胺酰亚胺与双马来酰亚胺之间、改质型双马来酰亚胺树脂之间、以及改质型双马来酰亚胺树脂与酰胺酰亚胺或双马来酰亚胺聚合物之间的加成/聚合反应被相当程度地缓化,以便使所形成聚合物的分子量于预定储存期间内不会明显改变,避免聚合物的沉淀。于此,终止加成/聚合反应的温度应根据进行反应的酰胺酰亚胺与双马来酰亚胺的种类而定,理论上,可控制第二温度约为室温,但不以此为限。本发明所属领域具通常知识者在参酌本发明说明书的揭露内容后,可依其通常知识及需要选择合宜的第二温度以终止加成/聚合反应。此外,可用于步骤(c)的降温手段并无特殊限制,即,可进行任何合宜的操作以达降温目的。举例言之,可将由步骤(b)获得的聚合物溶液置于一室温的气体环境中,或将该聚合物溶液置于一常温水浴中,或者并用前述二者,以降低该聚合物溶液的温度从而终止聚合反应。
本发明树脂组合物可视需要更包含其他添加剂,举例言之,可为选自以下群组的添加剂:硬化促进剂、填料、分散剂、增韧剂、阻燃剂及前述的任意组合,且该等添加剂可单独或组合使用。举例言之,可添加选自路易斯酸或咪唑类化合物的硬化促进剂以提供改良的硬化效果,但不以此为限。若使用硬化促进剂,其添加量可视使用者需要而选定,以100重量份的酰胺酰亚胺与双马来酰亚胺的总重量计,硬化促进剂之含量一般为约0.01重量份至约1.5重量份。又例如,可添加选自以下群组的填料,以改良树脂组合物的可加工性、阻燃性、耐热性、耐湿性等性质,但不以此为限:二氧化硅、玻璃粉、滑石、高岭土、白岭土、云母及前述的任意组合。当于本发明树脂组合物中使用填料时,其添加量可视使用者的需要而选定,一般而言,以100重量份的酰胺酰亚胺与双马来酰亚胺的总重量计,填料的添加量为约0.01重量份至约120重量份的填料。
本发明树脂组合物可与添加剂或其他成分以搅拌器均匀混合,而溶解或分散于溶剂中制成清漆状,以供后续加工利用。
本发明另提供一种半固化片,其是通过在一基材上涂布本发明树脂组合物并进行干燥,以于该基材上形成该半固化片。具体言之,可在一塑胶基材(如离型膜)或一金属基材(如铜箔)的表面上涂布本发明树脂组合物,接着加热该经涂布的基材,以进行进一步的聚合反应并移除大部分溶剂,从而形成本发明的半固化片。于本发明的部分实施态样中,是于180℃下进行该加热处理,并持续约2分钟至约5分钟,借此制得半硬化状态的半固化片。
本发明另提供一种积层板,包含一合成层及一金属层,该合成层是由上述半固化片所提供。其中,可层叠复数层的上述半固化片,并于该层叠半固化片所构成的合成层的至少一外侧表面上层叠一金属箔(例如铜箔),以提供一层叠物,对该层叠物进行一热压操作以得到本发明的积层板。此外,可通过进一步图案化该积层板的金属箔,从而制得印刷电路积层板。
兹以下列具体实施态样以进一步例示说明本发明,其中,所采用的量测仪器及方法分别如下:
[胶体色层(gelpermeationchromatography,GPC)分析]
利用沃特斯(Waters)公司的胶体色层分析仪(型号:waters600)进行分析。
[红外线光谱分析]
利用珀金埃尔默(Perkin-Elmer)公司的傅立叶转换红外线光谱仪(型号:Spectrum100)进行分析。
[玻璃移转温度(Tg)测试]
利用差示扫描量热(differentialscanningcalorimetry,DSC)方法分析量测玻璃转移温度(Tg)。所使用仪器为珀金埃尔默(Perkin-Elmer)公司的差示扫描量热仪(型号:DCS7),所用测试规范为电子电路互联与封装学会(TheInstituteforInterconnectingandPackagingElectronicCircuits,IPC)的IPC-TM-650.2.4.25C及24C号检测方法。
[介电常数和散逸因子量测]
根据ASTMD150规范,在工作频率1兆赫兹(GHz)下,计算介电常数(dielectricconstant,Dk)和散逸因子(dissipationfactor,Df)。
[热膨胀系数测试]
利用TA仪器(TAinstrument)公司的热膨胀分析仪(机型:TA2940)量测,量测条件为在50℃至260℃的温度区间以每分钟10℃的升温速率升温,量测样品(3平方毫米大小的积层板)的基面上的线性热膨胀系数及厚度方向(Z轴方向)的热膨胀率。
[热分解温度测试]
利用热重分析仪(thermogravimetricanalyzer,TGA)量测,量测方式为,与初期质量相比,当质量减少5%时的温度即为热分解温度。
[难燃性测试]
利用UL94V:垂直燃烧测试方法,将积层板以垂直位置固定,以本生灯燃烧,比较其自燃熄灭与助燃特性。
[韧性测试]
将积层板平放于平面治具上,以十字型金属治具垂直与积层板表面接触,再施与垂直压力,后移除该十字治具,观察基板上十字型状痕迹,检视该层板表面,无白色折纹发生则判定为佳,略显白纹为一般,发生裂纹或断裂者为劣。
[耐化性测试]
将积层板浸泡于高锰酸钾中历时10分钟,接着将浸泡后的积层板烘干,检视积层板的表面光泽反应,仍呈现光泽者为佳,有10%面积以下为雾面者为一般。
[雷射钻孔测试]
以最大能量200瓦(W)的CO2激光于积层板上进行激光钻孔,孔径为500微米。接着以光学显微镜进行孔边缘毛边评估,毛边低于5%者评判为佳,大于5%至25%者为一般,大于25%者为劣。
实施例
[树脂组合物的制备]
<实施例1>
使用500毫升的3口玻璃反应器,2片叶轮的搅拌棒,加入80克的酰胺酰亚胺树脂溶液(Amideimide,AI,福保化学股份有限公司(Fu-PaoChemicalCo.),型号AI-35P,相当于式A中的Q为伸甲基(-CH2-)的情形,且酰胺酰亚胺树脂的含量为28克)、44.8克的双马来酰亚胺(bismaleimide,BMI,KI化学股份有限公司(KIChemicalCo.),相当于式B中的R为的情形)、52克的NMP以及18克的DMAc,于120℃至140℃下搅拌并进行反应,加热反应时间为2小时。反应结束后置于室温环境下使产物溶液降至室温,制得含有改质型双马来酰亚胺的树脂组合物1。如表1所示,于本实施例中,双马来酰亚胺相对于酰胺酰亚胺的用量比为1.6,且双马来酰亚胺与酰胺酰亚胺的总质量相对于溶剂(NMP与DMAc)的用量比为1.04。
<实施例2>
以与实施例1相同的方式制备树脂组合物2,只是调整加热反应时间为3小时,如表1所示。
<实施例3>
以与实施例1相同的方式制备树脂组合物3,只是调整加热反应时间为4小时,如表1所示。
<实施例4>
以与实施例1相同的方式制备树脂组合物4,只是以DMF取代DMAc,如表1所示。
<实施例5>
以与实施例1相同的方式制备树脂组合物5,只是调整双马来酰亚胺树脂的用量为35克及酰胺酰亚胺树脂的用量为35克,使得双马来酰亚胺相对于酰胺酰亚胺的用量比为1.0,以及改以65克的NMP以及2.31克的DMAc作为溶剂,如表1所示。
<实施例6>
以与实施例1相同的方式制备树脂组合物6,只是调整溶液中双马来酰亚胺树脂的含量为52克及酰胺酰亚胺树脂的含量为26克,使得双马来酰亚胺相对于酰胺酰亚胺的用量比为2.0,以及改以74.29克的NMP以及0.71克的DMF作为溶剂,如表1所示。
<实施例7>
以与实施例1相同的方式制备树脂组合物7,只是进一步添加0.1克的硅烷偶合剂作为分散剂、以及48.5克的二氧化硅作为填料,如表1所示。
<比较实施例1>
以与实施例1相同的方式制备对照树脂组合物1',只是调整加热反应时间为1小时,如表1所示。
<比较实施例2>
以与实施例1相同的方式制备对照树脂组合物2',只是调整加热反应时间为5小时,如表1所示。
<比较实施例3>
以与实施例1相同的方式制备对照树脂组合物3',只是调整溶液中双马来酰亚胺树脂的含量为8.4克,使得双马来酰亚胺相对于酰胺酰亚胺的用量比为0.3,以及改为单独以52克的NMP作为溶剂,如表1所示。
<比较实施例4>
以与实施例1相同的方式制备对照树脂组合物4',只是调整溶液中双马来酰亚胺树脂的含量为75克及酰胺酰亚胺树脂的含量为30克,使得双马来酰亚胺相对于酰胺酰亚胺的用量比为2.5,以及改以55.71克的NMP与45.25克的DMAc作为溶剂,如表1所示。
[半固化片的制备]
分别使用树脂组合物1至7及对照树脂组合物1'至4'来制备半固化片。利用辊式涂布机,分别将该等树脂组合物涂布在PI胶片上,接着将涂布有树脂组合物的PI胶片置于一干燥机中,并在170℃下加热干燥2至5分钟,使树脂组合物干燥由此制作出半硬化状态的半固化片,获得厚度各为约0.06毫米的半固化片1至7(对应树脂组合物1至7)及对照半固化片1'至4'(对应对照树脂组合物1'至4')。
[积层板的制备]
将五片半固化片层合,并在其两侧的最外层分别层合一张1盎司的铜箔。接着对其进行热压操作,由此获得厚度各为约0.35毫米的积层板1至7(对应半固化片1至7)及对照积层板1'至4'(对应对照半固化片1'至4')。其中,热压操作条件为:以2.0℃/分钟的升温速度升温至200℃,并在200℃下,以全压15公斤/平方厘米(初压8公斤/平方厘米)的压力对积层板热压90分钟。
测量积层板1至7及对照积层板1'至4'的玻璃转移温度(Tg)、耐热性、粘着强度、介电常数(Dk)、散逸因子(Df)、热膨胀系数(α1)、Z轴膨胀率、热分解温度、难燃性、韧性、耐热性、以及雷射钻孔加工情形,并将结果记录于表1。
如表1所示,本发明的树脂组合物借助合宜比例调整以及加热反应时间的控制,所制得的积层板(积层板1至7)在各项物化性质上可同时达到令人满意的程度,尤其粘着强度可以在6.1lbf/inch以上,并具有优异的韧性及耐化性(抗蚀刻液侵蚀)。此外,特别是在尺寸安定性(热膨胀系数与Z轴膨胀率)上,由本发明树脂组合物所制得的积层板的尺寸安定性可以控制在不大于2.5%,且散逸因子可以低于0.013,在电气特性上有良好的表现。
反观反应时间分别低于及高于本发明所界定的范围的对照树脂组合物1'与对照树脂组合物2'(分别为仅1小时以及长达5小时),均无法制得各项物化性质均佳的积层板。其中,对照树脂组合物1'的所制得的积层板其玻璃转移温度及粘着强度均相对较低,且韧性及耐化性亦仅为一般评等,而对照树脂组合物2'所制得的积层板其粘着强度不佳且耐化性仅为一般评等。此一结果显示,制备树脂组合物时的反应时间过长或过短对于所制备的积层板均有不良影响。
另外,双马来酰亚胺树脂与酰胺酰亚胺树脂的用量比分别低于及高于本发明所建议的范围的对照树脂组合物3'与对照树脂组合物4',同样无法制得各项物化性质均佳的积层板。其中,对照树脂组合物3'的双马来酰亚胺树脂与酰胺酰亚胺树脂的用量比为0.3,由其所制得的积层板的玻璃转移温度明显较低(仅210℃),粘着强度与尺寸稳定性均不佳(Z轴膨胀率高达2.9%),且韧性及耐化性亦仅为一般评等;而对照树脂组合物4'的双马来酰亚胺树脂与酰胺酰亚胺树脂的用量为2.5,由其制得的积层板的尺寸稳定性极差(Z轴膨胀率高达3.0%),且韧性及耐化性亦仅为一般评等。此一结果显示,制备树脂组合物时的双马来酰亚胺树脂与酰胺酰亚胺树脂的比例不论过低或过高,对于所制备的积层板均有不良影响。
由对照积层板1'至4'可看出,于本发明树脂组合物中,双马来酰亚胺树脂与酰胺酰亚胺树脂的混用条件与反应时间及溶剂的组合搭配,对积层板的物化性质皆有显著影响。本发明树脂组合物所制备的积层板各项物化性质(如高玻璃转移温度(Tg)、良好耐湿性、良好尺寸安定性、良好耐燃性、良好耐化性等)与电气性质(如低Df、Dk)均相当优异,且适合于激光钻孔加工。
进一步,本发明的树脂组合物可通过调整例如溶液的聚合反应时间(实施例1至3)、或所含的化合物的比例(实施例3及6)、或与其他添加剂并用(实施例7),来调整所制得的积层板的物化性质,应用范围极为广泛。
上述实施例是仅为例示性说明本发明的原理及其功效,并阐述本发明的技术特征,而非用于限制本发明的保护范畴。任何熟悉本技术者在不违背本发明的技术原理及精神下,可轻易完成的改变或安排,均属本发明所主张的范围。
Claims (15)
1.一种树脂组合物,其是一含有改质型双马来酰亚胺树脂的稳态溶液,所述稳态溶液经如下步骤制得:
(a)于一溶剂中混合一具下式A的酰胺酰亚胺与一具下式B的双马来酰亚胺,以提供一反应溶液;
其中,Q为-CH2-、-C(CH3)2-、-O-、-S-、-SO2-或不存在,n为1至100之整数,R为-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)12-、-CH2-C(CH3)2-CH2-CH(CH3)-CH2-CH2-、 或且该具式B的双马来酰亚胺与该具式A的酰胺酰亚胺的质量用量比为0.4至2.2;
(b)加热该反应溶液至一第一温度以进行反应,历时2至4小时,提供一产物溶液;以及
(c)冷却该产物溶液至一第二温度以实质上终止反应,获得该含有改质型双马来酰亚胺树脂的稳态溶液,
其中,该溶剂不与该具式A的酰胺酰亚胺及该具式B的双马来酰亚胺反应;该第一温度高于该具式A的酰胺酰亚胺与该具式B的双马来酰亚胺发生反应所需的温度且低于该溶剂的沸点;该第二温度低于该具式A的酰胺酰亚胺与该具式B的双马来酰亚胺发生反应所需的温度;以及该改质型双马来酰亚胺树脂的分子量为120,000至700,000。
2.根据权利要求1所述的树脂组合物,其特征在于:该改质型双马来酰亚胺树脂具有如下式I或II所示:
其中,Q为-CH2-、-C(CH3)2-、-O-、-S-、-SO2-或不存在,R为-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)12-、-CH2-C(CH3)2-CH2-CH(CH3)-CH2-CH2-、 或10<m<500,且x+y=m。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的树脂组合物,其特征在于:Q为-CH2-且R为
4.根据权利要求1所述的树脂组合物,其特征在于:于步骤(a)中,该具式B的双马来酰亚胺与该具式A的酰胺酰亚胺的质量用量比为0.8至2.0。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的树脂组合物,其特征在于:该溶剂选自以下群组:环己酮、丙酮、丁酮、甲基异丁基酮、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(N,N-dimethylformamide,DMF)、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(N,N-dimethylacetamide,DMAc)、N-甲基吡咯烷酮(N-methyl-pyrrolidone,NMP)、及前述的任意组合。
6.根据权利要求5所述的树脂组合物,其特征在于:该溶剂是N-甲基吡咯烷酮与N,N-二甲基甲酰胺的组合或N-甲基吡咯烷酮与N,N-二甲基乙酰胺的组合。
7.根据权利要求1或2所述的树脂组合物,其特征在于:该第一温度为100℃至160℃。
8.根据权利要求7所述的树脂组合物,其特征在于:该第一温度为120℃至160℃。
9.根据权利要求1或2所述的树脂组合物,其特征在于:该第二温度为室温。
10.根据权利要求1或2所述的树脂组合物,其特征在于:更包含一选自以下群组的添加剂:硬化促进剂、填料、分散剂、增韧剂、阻燃剂及前述的任意组合。
11.根据权利要求10所述的树脂组合物,其特征在于:该硬化促进剂为路易斯酸或咪唑类化合物。
12.根据权利要求10所述的树脂组合物,其特征在于:该填料选自以下群组:二氧化硅、玻璃粉、滑石、高岭土、白岭土、云母及前述的任意组合。
13.一种半固化片,其是通过在一基材上涂布根据权利要求1至12中任一项所述的树脂组合物并进行干燥,以于该基材上形成该半固化片。
14.根据权利要求13所述的半固化片,其特征在于:该基材是一塑胶基材或金属基材。
15.一种积层板,包含一合成层及一金属层,该合成层是由根据权利要求13或14所述的半固化片所提供。
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US3767626A (en) * | 1968-12-19 | 1973-10-23 | Rhone Poulenc Sa | Prepolymers and heat resistant resins derived thereof |
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