A kind of solar energy sea water desalination apparatus
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of seawater desalination, particularly utilize the sea water desalinating plant of sun power.
Background technology
Fresh water is one of human society base substance of depending on for existence and development, directly affects everybody healthy and national economic development, but saltness is too high and the seawater of direct drinking or irrigation can not occupy more than 97% of total Water on the earth.Therefore in order to increase the supply of fresh water, a favourable approach is exactly carry out the desalination of seawater or brackish water.The method of nowadays sea water desaltination is numerous, though certain methods sophistication or technique can reach higher fresh-water recovery rate device structure complexity or cost is higher; And also having certain methods that non-renewable conventional energy resources need be utilized as driving, system energy consumption cost is increased, and this is very unfavorable for Sustainable development.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of solar energy sea water desalination apparatus, it have do not consume conventional energy resources, concentration effect is good, production efficiency is high, the feature such as pollution-free.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of solar energy sea water desalination apparatus, comprise solar energy condenser lens and surface evaporation sea water desalinating plant, surface evaporation sea water desalinating plant comprises solar energy collector, installation site and the solar energy condenser lens of solar energy collector are suitable, solar energy collector import is communicated with seawater water tank, the outlet of solar energy collector and the inlet communication of water cooler, be provided with fresh water cyclic water tank below the outlet of water cooler, be provided with water discharge valve in the bottom of seawater water tank.
The present invention improves further and is:
Solar energy collector is chain-plate type solar energy collector: comprise the chain-plate type conveying belt with transmission mechanism, chain-plate type conveying belt top is vertically arranged, bottom is the arranged transversely that outer end tilts slightly downward, chain-plate type conveying belt is provided with the heat collector shell suitable with its shape, solar energy impinges window is provided with on the right side of the vertical setting unit of heat collector shell, be provided with vapour outlet on the left of it, be provided with water-in in heat collector shell bottom.
The spraying water-cooling but device that water cooler and fresh water cyclic water tank are structure as a whole: comprise cooler casing, be fresh water cyclic water tank in the bottom of cooler casing, fresh water cyclic water tank is provided with fresh water outlet mouth, the uniform shower nozzle in top of cooler casing, the water pipe be communicated with shower nozzle is provided with bottom fresh water cyclic water tank, water pipe is provided with fresh water water circulating pump, and the sidewall of the close solar energy collector of cooler casing is provided with cooler inlet, and cooler inlet is positioned at the below of shower nozzle.
The outlet of solar energy collector is by the inlet communication of flexible steel in flat section tubing and spraying water-cooling but device.
The water discharge valve that the bottom of seawater water tank is provided with is by its switch of Timer Controlling.
The beneficial effect adopting technique scheme to produce is:
Heat power needed for the evaporation of this device heating of seawater derives from solar-energy light collector, utilizes sun power to carry out heating and greatly reduces energy consumption cost, solar energy collector is chain-plate type solar energy collector, surface evaporation process directly occurs at the chain-plate type conveyor belt surface of chain-plate type solar energy collector, chain-plate type conveying belt takes seawater to focus irradiation region in transmission process from water tank, there is surface evaporation immediately, by the seawater on Salar light-gathering direct heating chain-plate type conveying belt, compared to conventional evaporation mode, there is not heat-transfer medium, improve heat transfer efficiency and speed (conventional evaporation, water is needed to be contained in furnace pot or container, heat source furnace pot or container, rely on heat transfer that water is evaporated, many media), when after life-time service, due to the inorganic salt crystallization of dissolving in seawater, gathering of suspended substance, the deposition of oxide compound, and biotype dirt, the deposition such as mud can form various dirt at chain and carrier bar surface.And in chain-plate type conveying belt transmission process between chain and carrier bar bending make bulk dirt by disassemble, thus always there is gap between carrier bar, for steam enters condensing zone and provide passage, thus whole working process is without the need to artificial special maintenance, the chain-plate type conveying belt transmission manufacture that chain-plate type solar energy collector adopts and setting accuracy require lower; Drive mechanism is simple, and the tensile force of needs is little, and the pressure acting on axle is also little, can reduce the frictionloss of bearing; Can be able to work under, severe environmental conditions that humidity is larger higher in temperature; The outlet of solar energy collector is by the inlet communication of flexible steel in flat section tubing and spraying water-cooling but device, and flexible steel in flat section tubing can make the adaptive different installation site of device; By Timer Controlling, wastewater collection and the introducing of new seawater conveniently can be managed; Water cooler and fresh water cyclic water tank are designed to integral structure according to sea water desaltination feature by spraying water-cooling but device, and cooling water adopts the desalination water of device themselves capture, without the need to external world's supply, realize repeats itself.Carry out cooling liquid by the circulation of desalination water to steam, directly poured on steam by sprinkler water out, cooling steam makes it liquefy and falls into fresh water water tank.This structure, without the need to a large amount of prolong, requires very low to condensation space; Simultaneously because heat does not need the indirect heat exchange of prolong, improve condensation efficiency; By Timer Controlling, wastewater collection and the introducing of new seawater conveniently can be managed; This device is Open architecture, and fresh-water recovery rate is high, and efficiency cost is low, and each block construction is simple, and be easy to installation and maintenance, the life-span is long, low cost of manufacture.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of surface evaporation sea water desalinating plant in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of spraying water-cooling but device in Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of Fig. 2 medium chain plate-type solar thermal collector.
In the accompanying drawings: 1, solar energy condenser lens; 2, chain-plate type solar energy collector; 2-1, chain-plate type conveying belt; 2-2, heat collector shell; 2-3, solar energy impinges window; 2-4, vapour outlet; 2-5, water-in; 3, seawater water tank 4, water discharge valve; 5, cooler casing; 6, fresh water cyclic water tank; 7, shower nozzle; 8, water pipe; 9, fresh water water circulating pump; 10, cooler inlet; 11, flexible steel in flat section tubing; 12, timer; 13, fresh water outlet mouth; 14, sewage collecting box; 15, seawater introduces pump.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is further elaborated.
From the embodiment shown in Fig. 1-4, the present embodiment comprises solar energy condenser lens 1 and surface evaporation sea water desalinating plant, surface evaporation sea water desalinating plant comprises solar energy collector, solar energy collector is chain-plate type solar energy collector 2: comprise the chain-plate type conveying belt 2-1 with transmission mechanism, chain-plate type conveying belt 2-1 top is vertically arranged, bottom is the arranged transversely that outer end tilts slightly downward, and chain-plate type conveying belt 2-1 is provided with the heat collector shell 2-2 suitable with its shape
solar energy impinges window 2-3 is provided with on the right side of the vertical setting unit of heat collector shell 2-2, be provided with vapour outlet 2-4 on the left of it, be provided with water-in 2-5 in heat collector shell 2-2 bottom.
Installation site and the solar energy condenser lens 1 of chain-plate type solar energy collector 2 are suitable, chain-plate type solar energy collector 2 water-in 2-5 is communicated with seawater water tank 3, the vapour outlet 2-4 of chain-plate type solar energy collector 2 is by the inlet communication of flexible steel in flat section tubing 11 with water cooler, fresh water cyclic water tank is provided with below the outlet of water cooler, the spraying water-cooling but device that water cooler and fresh water cyclic water tank are structure as a whole: comprise cooler casing 5, be fresh water cyclic water tank 6 in the bottom of cooler casing 5, fresh water cyclic water tank 6 is provided with fresh water outlet mouth 13, the uniform shower nozzle 7 in top of cooler casing 5, the water pipe 8 be communicated with shower nozzle 7 is provided with bottom fresh water cyclic water tank 6, water pipe 8 is provided with fresh water water circulating pump 9, the sidewall of the close solar energy collector of cooler casing 8 is provided with cooler inlet 10, cooler inlet 10 is positioned at the below of shower nozzle 7, water discharge valve 4 is provided with in the bottom of seawater water tank 3, the water discharge valve 4 that the bottom of seawater water tank 3 is provided with controls its switch by timer 12.
Principle of work:
Sunlight reflects and focuses on the chain-plate type solar energy collector 2 of surface evaporation sea water desalinating plant by solar energy condenser lens 1, is made seawater that chain-plate type solar energy collector 2 carries rapidly by optically focused heating and is evaporated efficiently.
The fresh water that will prestore in advance injects fresh water cyclic water tank 6, seawater is introduced seawater water tank 3; Chain-plate type solar energy collector 2 carries seawater from seawater water tank 3, is heated the seawater on chain-plate type solar energy collector 2 by Salar light-gathering; Seawater produces fresh water high-temperature steam in the chain surface evaporation of chain-plate type solar energy collector 2, and steam enters spray-type condenser by flexible steel in flat section tubing 11; Utilization prestores fresh water sprinkling to steam cooling, and vapor condensation is that fresh water enters fresh water cyclic water tank 6, supplies user by fresh water outlet mouth 13; Fresh water outlet mouth 13 is positioned at the middle part of fresh water cyclic water tank 6, when water level height fresh water outlet mouth 13, fresh water can be drawn, water must be had inside fresh water cyclic water tank 6 to ensure, to ensure that water coolant can not lack, thus ensureing the normal work of spraying water-cooling but device, the high-concentration waste water stayed after evaporation of seawater enters sewage collecting box 14 under the control of timer 12, and seawater water tank 3 pumps into new seawater and proceeds desalination simultaneously.